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Start on Cloud

A unified distributed database ready for your transactional, analytical, and AI workloads.

DEPLOY YOUR WAY

OceanBase Cloud

The best way to deploy and scale OceanBase

OceanBase Enterprise

Run and manage OceanBase on your infra

TRY OPEN SOURCE

OceanBase Community Edition

The free, open-source distributed database

OceanBase seekdb

Open source AI native search database

Customer Stories

Real-world success stories from enterprises across diverse industries.

View All
BY USE CASES

Mission-Critical Transactions

Global & Multicloud Application

Elastic Scaling for Peak Traffic

Real-time Analytics

Active Geo-redundancy

Database Consolidation

Comprehensive knowledge hub for OceanBase.

Blog

Live Demos

Training & Certification

Documentation

Official technical guides, tutorials, API references, and manuals for all OceanBase products.

View All
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OceanBase Database

SQL - V4.3.5

  • Documentation updates
  • What's New
  • What is OceanBase Database
    • Overview
    • Differences between Enterprise Edition and Community Edition
    • System architecture
    • Compatibility with Oracle
      • Overview
      • SQL data types
      • Built-in functions
      • System views
    • Compatibility with MySQL
    • Limitations
  • Get Started
    • Quick start with OceanBase Database Community Edition
    • Learn OceanBase SQL
      • Before you begin
      • Basic SQL operations (MySQL mode)
      • Basic SQL operations (Oracle mode)
    • Build a sample application (MySQL mode)
      • Build a Python application
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
      • Build a Go application
    • Build a sample application (Oracle mode)
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
    • Try out advanced features of OceanBase Database
      • Scalable OLTP
        • Run the TPC-C benchmark in OceanBase Database
        • Try out the hot row update capability of OceanBase Database
      • Try out operational OLAP
      • Try out parallel import and data compression
      • Try out the multi-tenant feature
    • Video tutorial
  • Develop
    • Develop applications (MySQL mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using the mysql client
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using DBeaver
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Navicat
        • Use database connection pool
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
          • JDBC
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis
          • Connector/J
          • TestContainers
        • Python
          • mysqlclient
          • PyMySQL
          • MySQL-connector-python
        • C
          • MySQL Connector/C
        • Go
          • Go-SQL-Driver/MySQL
          • GORM
        • PHP
          • EXT
          • MySQLi
          • PDO
        • Rust
          • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Rust
          • Connect to OceanBase Database by using SeaORM
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a database
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
        • Generate test data in batches
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived table
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use the CASE conditional operator in queries
          • Lock query results with SELECT FOR UPDATE
          • Use the SELECT ... LOCK IN SHARE MODE statement to lock query results
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
      • Transactions
        • Overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
          • Release a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling specifications for MySQL-compatible applications
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Disconnected from the server, with ERROR 2013 reported
          • Idle transaction timed out, with ERROR 6002 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with ERROR 4012 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Table already exists, with ERROR 1050 reported
          • Table does not exist, with ERROR 1146 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with ERROR 1062 reported
          • ERROR 1215 reported in foreign key addition
          • Data truncated while being inserted, with ERROR 1265 reported
    • Develop applications (Oracle mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Use database connection pool
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis
          • JFinal
        • Python
          • Python Driver Oracle Mode
        • C/C++
          • OceanBase Connector/C
          • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
          • SqlSugar
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
        • Generate test data in batches
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived tables
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use CASE functions in queries
          • Use the SELECT...FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
      • Transactions
        • Overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling specifications for Oracle-compatible applications
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Idle transaction timed out, with Error OBE-24761 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with Error OBE-00600 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Table already exists, with Error OBE-00955 reported
          • Table does not exist, with Error OBE-04043 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with Error OBE-00001 reported
          • Error OBE-00600 reported in foreign key addition
          • Inconsistent data types, with Error OBE-00932 reported
  • Deploy
    • Overview
    • HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Deployment process
      • Before deployment
        • Prepare servers
        • Configure servers
        • Prepare installation packages
        • Deploy OAT
      • Deploy through GUI
        • Configure deployment environment using OAT
          • Add a server
        • Deploy OCP
          • Overview
          • Upload installation packages
          • Create MetaDB
          • Deploy OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using OCP
          • Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using OCP
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using OCP
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
      • Deploy through CLI
        • Configure deployment environment
          • Initialize an OBServer node by using oatcli
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using CLI
          • Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using the CLI
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using the CLI
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
      • Deploy the OceanBase Database Java SDK
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Overview
      • Deploy locally
        • Software and hardware requirements
        • Before deployment
          • (Optional) Check resources
          • (Optional) Set password-free SSH login
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
          • (Optional) Perform disk planning
          • (Optional) Configure limits.conf
          • (Optional) Configure sysctl.conf
          • (Optional) Disable the firewall and SELinux
          • (Optional) Create a user
        • Deploy through GUI
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster by using the obd GUI
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase Database in a production environment by using the CLI
        • Deploy OceanBase Database by using systemd
        • Deploy OceanBase Database in a container
      • Deploy an OceanBase cluster in a Kubernetes environment
      • Install OceanBase Desktop
    • Clear an OceanBase cluster
    • Recommended configurations
  • Migrate
    • Overview
    • Migrate from MySQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use mydumper and myloader to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Flink CDC to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to MySQL databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use OMS to migrate incremental data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
    • Migrate from Oracle databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to Oracle databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
    • Migrate from DB2 databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate table schemas from a DB2 LUW database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to DB2 databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
    • Migrate from TiDB databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a TiDB database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from PostgreSQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a PostgreSQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Import data by using the LOAD DATA statement
    • Import data from SQL files to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data between OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type in active-active disaster recovery scenarios
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between MySQL tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from a MySQL tenant to an Oracle tenant in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between Oracle tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from an Oracle tenant to a MySQL tenant in OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data using SQL statements
      • Migrate data between tables
      • Migrate resource units
      • Export data using the OUTFILE statement
    • Overview of direct load
  • Manage
    • Log in to an OceanBase tenant
    • Manage clusters
      • Overview
      • Cluster parameters
      • Common cluster operations
        • View a zone
        • View a node
        • Restart a node
        • Add a node
        • Delete a node
        • Isolate a node
        • Replace a node
        • Start a zone
        • Add a zone
        • Delete a zone
        • Modify a zone
        • Isolate a zone
        • View cluster parameters
        • Modify cluster parameters
        • Reset cluster parameters
        • Online upgrade from standalone deployment to distributed deployment
        • Upgrade a cluster
          • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
            • Overview
            • Upgrade an arbitration service
            • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
            • Check upgrade results
          • OceanBase Database Community Edition
            • Upgrade OceanBase Database by using obd
      • Troubleshoot common problems
        • Failures of a minority of nodes
        • Failures of the majority of nodes
    • Manage tenants
      • Tenant introduction
      • Tenant capacity
      • Tenant types
      • User tenant introduction
      • Tenant system variables
      • Common tenant operations
        • Create a tenant
        • Resource isolation
          • Overview
          • Manage resource isolation (Oracle mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for frontend and backend tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update a plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
          • Manage resource isolation (MySQL mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update resource management plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
        • View tenant and resource information
        • View and set the tenant allowlist
        • View system variables of a tenant
        • Modify system variables of a tenant
        • Scale in/out
          • Introduction to scaling in/out
          • Plan resources
          • Modify the unit config for a tenant
          • Modify the number of resource units for a tenant
          • Modify the number of primary zones for a tenant
        • Modify attributes of a resource pool
        • Modify attributes of a tenant
        • Lock and unlock a tenant
        • Clone a tenant
        • Cancel tenant cloning
        • Drop a tenant
        • Restore a tenant
        • Rename a tenant
        • Manage resource pools
          • View resource pool information
          • Allocate a resource pool to a tenant
          • Remove resource pools from a tenant
          • Merge and split a resource pool
          • Drop a resource pool
        • Manage unit configs
          • Query unit configs
          • Modify a unit config
          • Drop a unit config
        • Manage services
          • Create a service
          • Query the service status
          • Start a service
          • Stop a service
          • Delete a service
    • Manage replicas
      • Overview
      • Use columnstore replicas
      • Replica distribution
        • Locality
        • Common locality operations
          • View locality
          • Modify locality
          • Add replicas
          • Remove replicas
          • Convert the type of a replica
          • Adjust the distribution of replicas
          • View the locality change history
          • Migrate replicas
          • Modify the number of Paxos replicas of a log stream
          • Cancel a replica task
      • Traffic distribution
      • Data distribution
      • Data load balancing
        • Overview
        • Transfer a partition
        • Cancel a partition transfer task
        • Cancel a load balancing job
    • High availability
      • High availability overview
      • Multi-replica disaster recovery
        • Data link introduction
        • ODP high availability
        • Database-level high availability
        • Disaster recovery architecture and levels
      • Physical standby database disaster recovery
        • Overview
        • Limitations
        • Create a standby tenant
          • Preparations
          • Create an empty standby tenant
          • Create a standby tenant by using the backup and restore (with complete logs) feature
          • Create a standby tenant by using the BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG feature
        • Log transmission service
          • Overview
          • Configure log transmission service
            • Set a log restore source
            • Specify a log restore endpoint
          • View log restore source information
          • View the log synchronization progress
          • Pause or resume log synchronization
          • Optimize the log synchronization performance
          • Set the log synchronization bandwidth limit
          • Specify log compression
        • Log storage service
        • Switch roles
          • Overview of tenant roles
          • Switchover
          • Failover
        • Drop primary and standby tenants
      • Arbitration high availability
        • Arbitration service overview
        • Enable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Disable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Modify the log stream downgrade control time
        • Query log stream upgrade/downgrade information
        • Replace the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Remove the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Clear residual cluster information
      • Manage recycle bin
        • Overview
        • Enable or disable the recycle bin
        • View objects in the recycle bin
        • Restore objects from the recycle bin
        • Purge the recycle bin
      • Flashback queries
    • Security and permissions
      • Overview
      • Identification and authentication
        • MySQL mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure processing
        • Oracle mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure processing
      • Access control
        • Overview
        • Users and permissions
          • Overview
          • MySQL mode
            • Privilege types in MySQL-compatible mode
            • Create a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Role management
              • Overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant privileges to a role
              • Grant a role to a user or another role
              • Activate a role
              • View roles
              • Revoke privileges from a role
              • Revoke a role from a user or another role
              • Drop a role
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
          • Oracle mode
            • Privilege types in Oracle mode
            • Create a user
            • View the information of a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Manage roles
              • Overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant a role to another role
              • Grant a role to a user
              • Activate or deactivate roles for a user
              • View roles
              • Modify a role
              • Revoke a role
              • Drop a role
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Use a proxy user
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
        • Network security access control
        • RPC connection authentication
        • Row-level access control
      • Data transmission encryption
        • Overview
        • OBServer transmission encryption
        • ODP transmission encryption
      • Transparent data encryption
        • Overview
        • MySQL mode
          • Enable TDE for new tables
          • Enable TDE for existing tables
          • Decrypt a table
        • Oracle mode
          • Enable TDE for new tables
          • Enable TDE for existing tables
          • Decrypt a table
      • Column encryption
        • Overview of column encryption
        • Create column encryption rules
        • Manage column encryption privileges
        • Column encryption FAQ
      • Security auditing
        • Security auditing overview
        • MySQL-compatible mode
          • Enable security auditing
          • Set an auditing rule
          • View auditing records
          • Disable security auditing
        • Oracle-compatible mode
          • Enable security auditing
          • Set and view auditing rules
          • View auditing records
          • Audit user logins
          • Audit user operations
          • Audit specified database objects
    • Backup and restore
      • Physical backup and restore
      • Experience physical backup and restore with simplified deployment
      • Deploy NFS
      • Log archive
        • Overview
        • Prepare for log archiving
        • Enable ARCHIVELOG
        • Suspend archiving
        • Disable ARCHIVELOG
        • View information about pieces
        • View the archiving progress
        • View the archiving history
        • View archiving parameter settings
        • Change the log archive destination
        • Clear the archive path setting
        • Views related to log archiving
      • Data backup
        • Prepare for backup
        • Initiate a full data backup job
        • Initiate an incremental data backup job
        • Back up parameters
        • Stop a backup job
        • View the data backup progress
        • View the data backup history
        • View parameters related to data backup
        • Change the backup destination
        • Views related to data backup
      • Update `access_id` and `access_key` information for the backup or archive path
      • Clear backup data
        • Automatic cleanup of expired backups
        • Stop backup cleanup
        • Query the backup cleanup progress
        • Query the backup cleanup history
        • Backup cleanup parameter
        • Views related to backup cleanup
      • Restore data
        • Preparations
        • Perform physical restore
        • Perform restore from the specified paths
        • Cancel physical restore
        • View the physical restore progress
        • View physical restore results
        • Replay logs to a standby tenant
        • Convert a standby tenant into primary tenant
        • Upgrade a tenant after restore
        • Parameters related to physical restore
        • Views related to physical restore
      • Restore by table
        • Overview of table-level restore
        • Preparations
        • Restore by table
        • Schema recovery during table-level recovery
        • Cancel table restore
        • View the table restore progress
        • View the table restore result
        • Parameters related to table restore
        • Views related to table restore
      • Backup and restore performance tuning
    • Monitor
      • Overview
      • Metrics
        • System monitoring
          • Overview
          • Metrics
          • Wait events
          • Latch events
        • SQL monitoring
          • Overview
          • SQL audit
          • Execution plans
      • Cases
    • Logs
      • Overview
      • Log levels
      • Log stability
      • Log control
      • Log compression and decompression
      • Log metrics
      • Alert logs
      • View logs
        • Search for the logs of a specific SQL request
        • Query the log of a previous SQL request by using the SQL Trace feature
    • Daily inspection
      • Overview
      • Check cluster parameters
      • Check the host status
      • Check tenant resource usage
      • Check cluster resource usage
      • Check the OBServer node status
      • Check the NTP offset
      • Deadlock detection
      • End-to-end tracing
        • Overview
        • Process
        • Methods
        • Show end-to-end tracing information
        • Quick start: End-to-end diagnosis with obdiag
    • Performance tuning
      • Overview
      • Identify bottlenecks on the data link
      • Identify bottlenecks within components
        • ODP performance bottlenecks
        • ODP performance analysis
        • OBServer performance bottlenecks
          • Overview
          • Non-optimal plan
            • Non-optimal plan
            • Buffer tables
            • Cardinality
          • Hard parsing
          • Capacity issues
          • Internal wait events
      • SQL tuning
        • SQL tuning system
        • Execution plan optimization
          • Statistical information and row estimation
            • Overview
            • Statistical information
              • Overview
              • Collect statistical information
                • Overview
                • Manually collect statistics
                • Automatic statistics collection
              • Query statistics
              • Manage statistical information
                • Overview
                • Delete and set statistics
                • Import and export statistics
                • Lock statistics
                • Query historical versions of statistics and roll back to a specified version
                • Configure statistics collection strategies
            • Row estimation
              • Overview
              • Row estimation based on the selectivity
              • Row estimation based on the storage layer
            • Use statistical information and row estimation
          • Plan management
            • Plan cache
            • Disadvantages of the plan cache and countermeasures
            • Views related to the plan cache
          • Index selection
            • Overview
            • Reduce row reads
            • Avoid table access by index primary key
            • Avoid sorting
          • Join
            • Joins
            • Join algorithm
              • Nested loop joins
              • Hash Join
              • Merge join
              • Common business issues
            • Join types
            • Join order
          • Order and limit optimization
            • Overview
            • SORT assignment and optimization
            • Optimization in ORDER BY + LIMIT scenarios
        • Business logic optimization
          • SQL specifications
          • Schema specifications
        • Locate and analyze slow queries I
        • Locate and analyze slow queries II
        • Typical scenarios and cases
    • Troubleshooting
      • Overview
      • Bootstrap
      • Storage
        • Minor compaction and major compaction
        • Memory-related errors
        • Migration, replication, and rebuild tasks
      • Election
        • Election
        • Leader switchover exceptions
        • Absence of the leader
      • Transaction
        • Transaction-related errors
        • Transaction rollbacks
        • Long-running transactions
        • Suspended transactions
        • Idle transactions
      • Log synchronization-related errors
      • Physical standby database
        • Log synchronization stuck for the physical standby database
        • Switchover and failover issues
        • Other issues
      • Backup and restore
        • Data backup failures
        • Physical restore failures
      • Arbitration server process startup failures
      • Troubleshoot SQL execution errors
      • Application exceptions -- error messages without OceanBase error codes
      • Application exceptions -- error messages with OceanBase error codes
      • Troubleshoot application disconnection issues
    • Emergency response
      • Emergency response overview
      • Analysis, diagnosis, and decision-making procedure
      • Common emergency problem handling
        • Hardware issues
          • Node failure
          • Network failure
          • ODP failure
          • Other hardware and network issues
        • Capacity issues
          • Exceptions of SQL queries
          • Node disk I/O high
          • Node network card overload
          • Tenant memory full
          • obproxy thread exhaustion
          • Node clog disk full
          • Node data disk full
          • Tenant request queue backlog
        • Other cluster issues
          • sys tenant or RootService exceptions
          • Insufficiency or leakage of system memory
  • OceanBase AP
    • Release note for AP core features
    • Overview of OceanBase AP
    • Core features
    • Quickly try out OceanBase AP
    • Deployment
      • Overview
      • Recommended parameter configurations in AP scenarios
    • Data table design
      • Overview of tables
      • Data distribution
        • Dynamic partitioning
      • Best practices for data table design
        • Data table design and query optimization in AP scenarios
        • Best practices for creating special indexes
        • Table partitioning design in OLAP scenarios
    • Import data
      • Overview
      • Direct load
        • Overview of direct load
        • Full direct load
        • Incremental direct load
        • Import data in direct load mode by using obloader
      • Import data to an external table
      • Strategies and best practices
    • Data processing
      • Data processing in OceanBase
      • Data processing tools
      • 800.ap-materialized-views
        • Accelerate queries using materialized views
        • Practice scenarios of materialized views
      • Accelerate queries by using materialized views
    • Export data
    • Query acceleration
      • Overview
      • Statistics
      • Select a query parallelism level
    • OceanBase data processing
    • Data visualization
    • Performance diagnosis and tuning
      • Use the DBMS_XPLAN package for performance diagnostics
      • Use the GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR view for performance analysis
      • Views related to AP performance analysis
    • Performance testing
    • Ecosystem integration in AP scenarios
    • Recommended practical tutorials for analytical processing
    • AP FAQ
  • Vector Search
    • Overview
      • Overview of vector search
      • Core features of vector search
      • AI application workflow with OceanBase vector search
    • Quick starts
      • Perform vector search by using SQL
      • Perform a vector search by using Python
    • Vector embedding
    • Store vector data
    • Vector index
      • Overview of vector indexes
      • Vector index memory management
      • Dense index
        • Overview of dense indexes
        • Choose an index type
        • HNSW series indexes
        • IVF series indexes
      • Maintain indexes
      • Optimize index performance
    • Use SQL functions
    • Text embedding for vector search
    • Vector similarity search
    • Migrate to OceanBase Database from a vector database
    • Tutorials
      • Overview
      • Build an image search application with OceanBase Database
      • Build an intelligent Q&A assistant with OceanBase Database
    • AI integrations
      • Overview of AI integration
    • Benchmark testing with VectorDBBench
    • References
      • Overview of vector data types
      • Compatibility
      • Supported clients and languages
        • Supported clients and languages for vector search
        • pyobvector Python SDK API reference
        • Java SDK interface
    • Vector search FAQs
  • Shared storage
    • Shared storage architecture
  • Integrations
    • Overview of the ecosystem
    • ORM frameworks
      • Java
        • Spring Boot
        • Spring Batch
        • Spring JDBC
        • Spring Data JPA
        • Hibernate
        • MyBatis
      • Python
        • SQLAlchemy
        • peewee
        • Tortoise ORM
      • Go
        • GORM
        • beego ORM
      • Rust
        • SeaORM
        • Diesel
      • Ruby
        • Active Record
        • Sequel
        • Ruby on Rails
      • Node.js
        • Sequelize
        • TypeORM
        • Prisma
        • Drizzle
      • C#
        • Dapper
        • SqlSugar
        • FreeSQL
      • PHP
        • Yii 2.0 ORM
        • Laravel Eloquent ORM
        • CakePHP
    • Database version management
      • Liquibase
      • Flyway
    • Data integration
      • Flink
        • Apache Flink
        • Flink DirectLoad
        • Flink Connector OceanBase
      • dbt
      • SeaTunnel
      • Dataphin
      • Maxwell
      • Debezium
      • Spark Catalog
      • NiFi
      • Qlik Replicate
      • RisingWave CDC
    • SQL development
      • WebLogic
      • DBeaver
      • Navicat
      • DataGrip
      • TablePlus
      • DMS
    • Orchestration and scheduling
      • Airflow
      • PowerJob
      • DolphinScheduler
      • Linkis
    • Visualization tools
      • Superset
      • Excel
      • Power BI
      • Quick BI
      • Tableau
      • GuanData
      • vividime
    • Database management
      • NineData
      • Bytebase
      • DataHub
      • Zabbix
    • AI
      • OpenAI
      • Qwen
      • LangChain
      • LlamaIndex
      • Dify
      • n8n
      • Trae
      • SpringAI
      • Cline
      • Cursor
      • Continue
      • MCP Toolbox
      • CamelAI
      • Firecrawl
      • Hugging Face
      • Ollama
      • Google Gemini
      • Cloudflare Workers AI
      • DB GPT
      • Jina AI
      • Augment Code
      • Claude Code
      • Kiro
  • Tutorials
    • Build an image search application with OceanBase Database
    • Build an intelligent Q&A chatbot with OceanBase
    • Build a cultural tourism assistant with OceanBase multi-model integration
    • Build a real-time data warehouse and visual dashboard with OceanBase
    • Analyze data in OceanBase Database using Superset
    • Build a WordPress website with OceanBase Database
    • Use direct load to accelerate massive data import
  • Reference
    • OceanBase concepts
      • OceanBase Database architecture
      • Development of OceanBase Database
      • Multi-tenant architecture
        • Overview
        • Compatibility modes
        • Tenants
        • Tenants and resource management
          • Tenant resource management
          • Multi-tenant resource isolation
          • Resource unit balancing
      • Database objects
        • Oracle mode
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Overview
            • Data type
              • Overview
              • Character data types
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • ROWID data types
              • LOB data types
              • Format model
                • Overview
                • Number format models
                • Datetime format models
              • Multi-model data types
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Replicated table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Temporary tables
            • Table groups
          • Indexes
            • Overview of indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
            • External table partitions
          • Views
            • Views in a database
            • Standard views
              • Standard views
              • Overview
              • OceanBase-specific views
              • Oracle-compatible views
              • View operations and data access
            • Materialized views
              • Materialized views
              • Materialized view logs
              • Creation and update strategies for materialized views
          • Other objects
            • Sequences
            • Synonyms
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
              • CHECK constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
        • MySQL mode
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Overview
            • Data type
              • Overview
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • Character data types
              • LOB data types
              • Multi-model data types
              • Spatial data types
              • JSON data types
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Replicated table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Temporary tables
            • Table groups
          • Indexes
            • Overview of indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Spatial indexes
            • Full-text index
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
            • External table partitions
          • Views
            • Views in a database
            • Standard views
              • Overview
              • Overview
              • OceanBase-specific views
              • MySQL-compatible views
              • Oracle-compatible views in MySQL tenants
              • Oracle-compatible views in the sys tenant
              • View operations and data access
            • Materialized views
              • Materialized views
              • Materialized view logs
              • Creation and update strategies for materialized views
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • Foreign key constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
      • Distributed database objects
        • Overview
        • Cluster architecture
        • Data partitions and replicas
          • Overview
          • Log streams
          • Partition replica type
            • Overview
            • Full-featured replica
            • Read-only replicas
            • Columnstore replica
          • Multi-replica consensus protocols
          • Data balancing
            • Intra-tenant balancing
            • Views and parameters related to data balancing
        • Dynamic scaling
          • Cluster scaling
          • Tenant resource scaling
            • Overview
            • Horizontal scaling of tenant resources
            • Vertical scaling of tenant resources
            • Cross-zone management of tenant resources
      • Data link
        • Overview
        • Database proxy
          • Overview
          • SQL routing
          • Connection management
          • ODP configuration management
          • Logs and monitoring
        • Database connector
          • Overview
          • OBCI
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • OceanBase Connector/C
        • Cross-data source access through DBLink
          • DBLink in MySQL mode
          • DBLink in Oracle mode
      • User interface and query language
        • SQL
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • SQL data access
            • SQL standards
          • SQL statements
            • Overview
            • DDL statements
            • Monitor DDL execution progress
            • DML statements
            • DCL
          • Execution process of SQL queries
          • Query SQL execution plans
          • Distributed execution plan
            • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
            • Generate distributed execution plans
            • Run and disable a parallel query
            • Manage distributed execution plans
            • Perform parameter tuning for PX
        • PL
          • PL concepts
            • Oracle mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • Triggers
              • Packages
            • MySQL mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • Triggers
          • PL subprogram execution mechanism
        • Client programming languages
      • Transaction management
        • Transaction
          • Overview
          • Transaction structure
          • Statement-level atomicity
          • GTS
          • Transaction control
            • Overview
            • Active transactions
            • Savepoint
            • Transaction control statements
              • MySQL transaction control
              • Oracle transaction control
          • Redo logs
          • Local transactions
          • Distributed transaction
            • Overview
            • Two-phase commit
          • XA transactions
        • Transaction concurrency and consistency
          • Overview
          • Multi-version read consistency
          • Concurrency control
            • Overview
            • Lock mechanism
          • Transaction isolation level
            • Overview
            • Transaction isolation levels in Oracle mode
            • Transaction isolation levels in MySQL mode
          • Weak-consistency read
      • Storage architecture
        • Overview
        • Data storage
          • Data storage overview
          • MemTables
          • SSTables
          • Columnar storage
          • Compression and encoding
        • Compaction
          • Overview
          • Compaction
          • Major compaction
        • Multi-level caching in shared-nothing architecture
        • Multi-level caching in shared storage
        • Query processing
        • Data integrity
          • Detect silent data corruption
      • Data reliability and high availability
        • High availability architecture
          • Overview
          • ODP high availability
          • Leader election in distributed systems
          • Multi-replica log synchronization
          • Paxos protocol
          • Automatic handling of node failures
        • Deployment solutions for disaster recovery
        • Data protection
          • Overview
          • Flashback queries
          • Recycle bin
        • Backup and restore
          • Overview
          • Backup directory structure
          • Backup architecture
          • Restore process
        • Arbitration-based high availability solution
        • Physical Standby Database solution
      • Database security
        • Overview
        • Authentication
        • Access control
        • Data transmission encryption
        • Data storage encryption
        • Monitoring and alerting
        • Security audit
      • OBServer node architecture
        • Structure of the OBServer node installation directory
        • Configuration file
        • observer thread model
          • Threads
          • Worker threads
          • Background threads
        • Logs
        • Memory management
          • Overview
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Memory-related views
          • Memory usage logs
          • Diagnose memory errors
      • OceanBase plugin mechanism
    • System management
      • Configuration management
        • Overview
        • Set parameters
        • Set variables
      • Storage management
        • Minor compaction management
          • Overview
          • Automatically trigger a minor compaction
          • Manually initiate a minor compaction
          • View minor compaction information
          • Modify minor compaction parameters
        • Major compaction management
          • Overview
          • Automatically trigger a major compaction
          • Configure scheduled major compactions
          • Adaptive major compactions
          • Manually initiate a major compaction
          • Manually control a major compaction
          • View major compaction information
          • Modify major compaction settings
        • Data compression
          • Overview
          • Data encoding and compression
      • Memory management
        • Overview
        • Memory structure
        • Set the maximum memory for an OceanBase database
        • Manage internal system memory
        • Memory management in a tenant
        • Manage the memory of the plan cache
        • Memleak-based regular memory leak diagnostics mechanism
        • Query memory usage information
        • FAQ about memory
      • Process management
        • Overview
        • Multi-tenant threads of OceanBase Database
        • View the thread status
        • Background threads of OceanBase Database
        • FAQ about multi-tenant threads
      • Disk management
        • Configure automatic scale-out of disk space for data files
        • View the disk space used by a tenant or table
    • Database object management
      • Overview
      • MySQL mode
        • Create and manage databases
          • Create a database
          • View databases
          • Modify a database
          • Drop a database
        • Create and manage tables
          • Overview
          • Create a table
          • Column skip index attribute
          • Define an auto-increment column
          • Define column constraints
          • Query tables
          • Modify a table
          • Change the attribute of a table
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • External tables
            • Create an external table
            • Add partitions for an external table
            • Manage external files
            • Data type mapping
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Partition splitting
            • Overview
            • Manual partition splitting
            • Automatic partition splitting
          • Dynamic partitioning
            • Overview of dynamic partitioning
            • Create a dynamic partitioned table
            • Query a dynamic partitioned table
            • Modify a dynamic partitioned table
            • Dynamic partition management tasks
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Add a partition
          • Drop a partition
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
          • Partition exchange
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • Overview
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
          • Manage standard views
          • Manage materialized views
            • Overview of materialized views
            • Materialized view log
            • Automatic management of materialized view logs
            • Create a materialized view
            • Refresh materialized views
            • Rewrite queries based on materialized views
            • Query materialized views
            • Modify the attributes of a materialized view
            • Drop a materialized view
        • Create and manage sequences
          • Create a sequence
          • Query sequences
          • Reference a sequence
          • Modify a sequence
          • Drop a sequence
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • Drop a trigger
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
        • Create and manage catalogs
          • Catalog overview
          • Create a catalog
          • View a catalog
          • Delete a catalog
      • Oracle mode
        • Create and manage tables
          • Overview
          • Create a table
          • Column skip index attribute
          • Define column constraints
          • Query the definition of a table
          • Modify a table
          • Change the attribute of a table
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • Overview
            • Create an external table
            • Add partitions for an external table
            • Manage external files
            • Data type mapping
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Partition splitting
            • Overview
            • Manual partition splitting
            • Automatic subpartition splitting
          • Dynamic partitioning
            • Overview of dynamic partitioning
            • Create a dynamic partitioned table
            • Query a dynamic partitioned table
            • Modify a dynamic partitioned table
            • Dynamic partition management tasks
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Rename a partition
          • Add a partition
          • Drop a partition
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
          • Partition exchange
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • Overview
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
          • Manage standard views
          • Manage materialized views
            • Overview of materialized views
            • Materialized view logs
            • Automatic management of materialized view logs
            • Create a materialized view
            • Refresh a materialized view
            • Rewrite queries based on materialized views
            • Query materialized views
            • Modify the attributes of a materialized view
            • Drop a materialized view
        • Manage sequences
        • Manage synonyms
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Create an INSTEAD OF trigger
          • Create a composite trigger
          • Modify and drop a trigger
          • Disable or enable a trigger
          • Query trigger information
        • Manage directory objects
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Use a DBLink to modify the data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
          • Install and configure OCI
    • Database design specifications and practices
      • Object naming conventions
        • Overview
        • Tenant naming conventions
        • User naming conventions
        • Table naming conventions
        • Field naming conventions
        • Other naming conventions
      • Object structure design specifications
        • Field design
        • Table structure design
        • Partitioned table design
        • Index design
        • Other structural designs
      • Character set specifications
      • Database connection specifications
      • Comments
      • ORM conventions
      • Exception handling
    • SQL reference
      • Introduction to SQL
      • SQL syntax
        • System tenants
          • Overview
          • ALTER SYSTEM
            • ACTIVATE STANDBY
            • ADD REPLICA
            • ADD RESTORE SOURCE
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE
            • ARCHIVELOG
            • NOARCHIVELOG
            • ARBITRATION
            • BOOTSTRAP
            • BACKUP KEY
            • BACKUP
            • BACKUP CLUSTER PARAMETERS
            • BALANCE TASK
            • CANCEL BACKUP
            • CANCEL BALANCE JOB
            • CANCEL CLONE
            • CANCEL DELETE BACKUP
            • CANCEL MIGRATE UNIT
            • CANCEL REPLICA TASK
            • CANCEL RESTORE
            • CANCEL RECOVER TABLE
            • CANCEL TRANSFER PARTITION
            • CLEAR RESTORE SOURCE
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • MIGRATE REPLICA
            • MIGRATE UNIT
            • MODIFY PAXOS_REPLICA_NUM
            • MODIFY REPLICA
            • MODULE DATA
            • DELETE BACKUP POLICY
            • FLUSH PLAN CACHE
            • JOB
            • SET LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
            • PARAMETER
            • RECOVER STANDBY
            • RECOVER STANDBY CANCEL
            • REMOVE REPLICA
            • REFRESH
            • RESTORE
            • RESTORE PREVIEW
            • RECOVER TABLE
            • SET DATA_BACKUP_DEST
            • SERVER
            • SERVICE_NAME
            • SWITCHOVER
            • THROTTLE
            • TRANSFER PARTITION
            • WASH MEMORY FRAGMENTATION
            • ZONE
          • ALTER RESOURCE POOL
          • ALTER RESOURCE TENANT
          • ALTER RESOURCE UNIT
          • ALTER TENANT
          • CREATE RESOURCE POOL
          • CREATE RESOURCE UNIT
          • CREATE TENANT
          • CREATE STANDBY TENANT
          • DROP RESOURCE POOL
          • DROP RESOURCE UNIT
          • DROP TENANT
          • SET DECRYPTION
          • SET ENCRYPTION
          • SHOW RESTORE PREVIEW
        • User tenants (MySQL mode)
          • Basic elements
            • Data types
              • Overview
              • Numeric types
                • Overview
                • Integer data types
                • Fixed-point data types
                • Floating-point data types
                • Bit value data type
              • Datetime types
                • Overview
                • DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP types
                • TIME type
                • YEAR type
              • String types
                • Overview
                • CHAR and VARCHAR
                • BINARY and VARBINARY
              • Large objects and text types
                • Overview
                • BLOB types
                • TEXT types
                • STRING types
                • LOB types
              • ENUM type
              • SET type
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create a JSON value
                • Query and modify JSON values
                • Convert a JSON data type
                • Update partial JSON data
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview
                • SRS
                • Create a spatial column
                • Create a spatial index
                • Spatial data formats
              • Roaring bitmap types
                • Overview
                • Create a highly compressed bitmap column
              • Array data types
                • Overview of array element types
                • Create an array column
              • Map data types
                • Overview of the map data type
                • ## Create map columns
            • Expressions
              • Overview
              • Expression syntax
              • Data type conversion rules
            • Character set and collation
              • Overview
              • CHARACTER SET
              • Collations
              • Database-level character set and collation
              • Table-level character set and collation
              • Column-level character sets and collations
              • Character sets and collations for character expressions
              • Character sets and collations for client connection
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Strings
              • Numbers
              • Datetime values
              • Bit values
              • Boolean values
              • NULLs
            • Schema object names
            • User-defined variables
            • Comments
          • Operators
            • Overview of operators
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Bitwise operators
            • Comparison operators
            • Logical operators
            • Assignment operators
            • Date and time operators
            • Concatenation operators
            • BINARY operator
            • CASE conditional operator
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Datetime functions
                • ADDDATE
                • CONVERT_TZ
                • CURDATE
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIME
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • CURTIME
                • DATE
                • DATE_ADD
                • DATE_FORMAT
                • DATE_SUB
                • DATEDIFF
                • DAYOFMONTH
                • DAYOFWEEK
                • DAYOFYEAR
                • EXTRACT
                • FROM_DAYS
                • FROM_UNIXTIME
                • GET_FORMAT
                • HOUR
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIME
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MAKEDATE
                • MAKETIME
                • MICROSECOND
                • MINUTE
                • MONTH
                • MONTHNAME
                • NOW
                • PERIOD_ADD
                • PERIOD_DIFF
                • QUARTER
                • SEC_TO_TIME
                • SECOND
                • STR_TO_DATE
                • SUBDATE
                • SUBTIME
                • SYSDATE
                • TIME
                • TIME_FORMAT
                • TIME_TO_SEC
                • TIME_TO_USEC
                • TIMEDIFF
                • TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMPADD
                • TIMESTAMPDIFF
                • TO_DAYS
                • TO_SECONDS
                • UNIX_TIMESTAMP
                • USEC_TO_TIME
                • UTC_DATE
                • UTC_TIME
                • UTC_TIMESTAMP
                • WEEK
                • WEEKDAY
                • WEEKOFYEAR
                • YEARWEEK
                • YEAR
                • ADDTIME
                • DAYNAME
                • DAY
              • String functions
                • ASCII
                • BIN
                • BIT_LENGTH
                • CHAR
                • CHAR_LENGTH
                • CHARACTER_LENGTH
                • CONCAT
                • CONCAT_WS
                • ELT
                • EXPORT_SET
                • FIELD
                • FIND_IN_SET
                • FORMAT
                • HEX
                • INSERT
                • INSTR
                • INT2IP
                • IP2INT
                • KEYVALUE
                • LCASE
                • LEFT
                • LENGTH
                • LOCATE
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • MAKE_SET
                • MD5_CONCAT_WS
                • MID
                • OCT
                • OCTET_LENGTH
                • ORD
                • POSITION
                • QUOTE
                • REGEXP
                • REGEXP_INSTR
                • REGEXP_LIKE
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPEAT
                • REPLACE
                • REVERSE
                • RIGHT
                • RLIKE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SPACE
                • SPLIT_PART
                • STRCMP
                • SUBSTR
                • SUBSTRING
                • SUBSTRING_INDEX
                • TRIM
                • UCASE
                • UNHEX
                • UPPER
                • URL_DECODE
                • URL_ENCODE
                • WEIGHT_STRING
                • TO_BASE64
                • FROM_BASE64
                • SOUNDEX
              • Conversion functions
                • CAST
                • CONVERT
                • DECODE_TRACE_ID
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_CHAR(character)
                • TO_CHAR(number)
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
              • Mathematical functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BIT_COUNT
                • CEIL
                • CEILING
                • CONV
                • COS
                • COT
                • CRC32
                • DEGREES
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • LOG10
                • LOG2
                • MOD
                • NEG
                • NORMAL
                • PI
                • POW
                • POWER
                • RADIANS
                • RAND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • ROUND
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TRUNCATE
                • UNIFORM
                • ZIPF
              • Comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • INTERVAL
                • ISNULL
                • LEAST
              • Process control functions
                • CASE
                • IF
                • IFNULL
                • NULLIF
                • ORA_DECODE
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • GROUP_CONCAT
              • GROUPING
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
            • Analysis functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • NTH_VALUE
              • NTILE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • RANK
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
            • Encryption functions
              • AES_DECRYPT
              • AES_ENCRYPT
              • COMPRESS
              • DECODE
              • DES_DECRYPT
              • DES_ENCRYPT
              • ENCODE
              • ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_DECRYPT
              • MD5
              • PASSWORD
              • UNCOMPRESS
              • UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH
              • RANDOM_BYTES
              • SHA
              • SHA1
              • SHA2
              • VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH
              • SM3
              • SM4_ENCRYPT
              • SM4_DECRYPT
            • Information functions
              • BENCHMARK
              • CHARSET
              • COERCIBILITY
              • COLLATION
              • CONNECTION_ID
              • CURRENT_ROLE
              • CURRENT_USER
              • DATABASE
              • FOUND_ROWS
              • LAST_INSERT_ID
              • LAST_INSERT_ID Behavior Description
              • ICU_VERSION
              • OB_TRANSACTION_ID
              • ROW_COUNT
              • SCHEMA
              • SESSION_USER
              • SYSTEM_USER
              • USER
              • VERSION
              • OB_VERSION
            • JSON functions
              • Overview
              • Functions for creating JSON text
                • JSON_ARRAY
                • JSON_OBJECT
                • JSON_QUOTE
              • Functions for searching JSON text
                • JSON_CONTAINS
                • JSON_CONTAINS_PATH
                • JSON_EXTRACT
                • JSON_KEYS
                • JSON_OVERLAPS
                • JSON_SEARCH
                • JSON_VALUE
                • MEMBER OF
              • Functions for modifying JSON text
                • JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
                • JSON_APPEND
                • JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
                • JSON_INSERT
                • JSON_MERGE
                • JSON_MERGE_PATCH
                • JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE
                • JSON_REMOVE
                • JSON_REPLACE
                • JSON_SET
                • JSON_UNQUOTE
              • Functions for returning JSON text properties
                • JSON_DEPTH
                • JSON_LENGTH
                • JSON_TYPE
                • JSON_VALID
              • `JSON_TABLE`
              • JSON utility functions
                • JSON_PRETTY
                • JSON_STORAGE_SIZE
              • JSON aggregate functions
                • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                • JSON_OBJECTAGG
              • JSON schema validation functions
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALID
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALIDATION_REPORT
            • XML functions
              • Overview
              • Functions for querying XML data
                • EXTRACTVALUE
              • Functions for modifying XML data
                • UPDATEXML
            • Spatial functions
              • Overview
              • Functions that create geometry values
              • Spatial operation functions
              • Spatial relation functions
              • Geometry property functions
              • Geometry format conversion functions
              • Spatial analysis functions
              • Spatial constructor functions
              • Spatial accessor functions
              • Spatial format conversion functions
              • Geometry processing functions
              • _ST_GeoHash
            • Performance schema functions
              • FORMAT_BYTES
              • FORMAT_PICO_TIME
            • Lock functions
              • Overview of lock functions
              • GET_LOCK
              • IS_FREE_LOCK
              • IS_USED_LOCK
              • RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS
              • RELEASE_LOCK
            • Bitmap functions
              • Overview
              • Bitmap constructors
              • Bitmap cardinality functions
              • Roaring bitmap operation functions
              • Roaring bitmap judgment functions
              • Roaring bitmap output functions
              • Roaring bitmap aggregate functions
            • Array functions
              • Overview
              • Array constructor functions
              • Array judgment functions
              • Array output functions
              • Array functions
            • Text processing functions
              • TOKENIZE
            • Audit functions
              • Overview
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_USER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_USER
            • Map functions
              • Overview of map functions
              • Mapping constructor
              • Mapping comparison functions and operators
              • Mapping operation functions
            • Sequence functions
              • NEXTVAL(SEQ) function
              • CURRVAL(SEQ) function
            • Other functions
              • ANY_VALUE
              • BIN_TO_UUID
              • COALESCE
              • DEFAULT
              • NAME_CONST
              • INET_ATON
              • INET_NTOA
              • INET6_ATON
              • INET6_NTOA
              • IS_IPV4
              • IS_IPV4_COMPAT
              • IS_IPV6
              • IS_UUID
              • MATCH AGAINST
              • NVL
              • UUID_TO_BIN
              • SLEEP
              • UUID
              • UUID_SHORT
              • VALUES
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Subqueries
            • Joins
            • Full-text queries
          • SQL statements
            • General syntax
            • Common table expressions
            • ALTER COMPILE
            • ALTER DATABASE
            • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
            • ALTER OUTLINE
            • ALTER SENSITIVE RULE
            • ALTER SEQUENCE
            • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • ALTER TABLE
            • ALTER TABLEGROUP
            • ALTER TABLESPACE
            • ALTER USER
            • ALTER VIEW
            • ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY
            • ANALYZE
            • CACHE INDEX
            • CREATE CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
            • CREATE DATABASE LINK
            • CREATE DATABASE
            • CREATE EXTERNAL CATALOG
            • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
            • CREATE INDEX
            • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • CREATE OUTLINE
            • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
            • CREATE RESTORE POINT
            • CREATE ROLE
            • CREATE SEQUENCE
            • CREATE SENSITIVE RULE
            • CREATE TABLE
            • CREATE TABLEGROUP
            • CREATE TABLESPACE
            • CREATE USER
            • CREATE VIEW
            • CHECKSUM TABLE
            • CREATE EVENT
            • DEALLOCATE PREPARE
            • DROP DATABASE LINK
            • DELETE
            • DESCRIBE
            • DROP CATALOG
            • DROP CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
            • DROP DATABASE
            • DROP INDEX
            • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • DROP OUTLINE
            • DROP ROLE
            • DROP SENSITIVE RULE
            • DROP TABLE
            • DROP TABLEGROUP
            • DROP TABLESPACE
            • DROP SEQUENCE
            • DROP USER
            • DROP VIEW
            • DROP RESTORE POINT
            • EXECUTE
            • EXPLAIN
            • FLASHBACK
            • FLUSH TABLE
            • GRANT
            • HELP
            • INSERT
            • KILL
            • LOAD DATA
            • LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE
            • LOCK TABLES
            • OPTIMIZE
            • PREPARE
            • PURGE
            • PURGE RECYCLEBIN
            • RENAME USER
            • RENAME TABLE
            • REPLACE
            • REPAIR TABLE
            • REVOKE
            • SAVEPOINT
            • SCHEMA
            • SELECT INTO
            • SELECT
              • SELECT
              • JOIN clause
              • WINDOW clause
              • UNION clause
            • SET DEFAULT ROLE
            • SET
            • SET CATALOG
            • SET CHARSET
            • SET NAMES
            • SET PASSWORD
            • SET ROLE
            • SET TRANSACTION
            • SHOW
            • SUBMIT JOB
            • SHOW JOB STATUS
            • CANCEL JOB
            • TRANSACTION
            • TRUNCATE TABLE
            • UNLOCK TABLES
            • UPDATE
            • USE
            • VALUES
            • XA TRANSACTION
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
          • Pseudocolumns
            • Overview of pseudocolumns
            • PARTITIONID pseudo column
            • Sequence pseudo columns
        • User tenants (Oracle mode)
          • Pseudocolumns
            • Overview
            • Hierarchical query pseudocolumns
            • Sequence pseudocolumns
            • ORA_ROWSCN pseudocolumn
            • ROWNUM pseudocolumn
            • ROWID pseudocolumn
            • PARTITIONID pseudocolumns
          • Basic elements
            • Built-in data types
              • Overview
              • Character data types
                • Overview
                • CHAR data type
                • NCHAR data type
                • NVARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR data type
              • Numeric data types
                • Overview
                • NUMBER data type
                • FLOAT data type
                • Floating-point numbers
                • Precedence of numeric data types
              • Datetime and interval data types
                • Overview
                • DATE data type
                • TIMESTAMP data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data type
                • INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type
                • INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type
                • Calculation of dates, timestamps, and intervals
              • RAW data type
              • Large object data types
                • Overview
                • BLOB data type
                • CLOB data type
                • LOB types
              • Rowid data types
              • User-defined data types
              • Any types
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create a column of the JSON data type
                • Query JSON data
                • Conversion rules for JSON data types
              • XML data types
                • Overview
                • XML data definition
                • Create a column of the XMLType data type
                • Query XMLType data
                • Conversion of XMLType data
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview
                • Create a spatial column
                • SDO_GEOMETRY attribute access
                • Create a spatial index
            • Data type comparison rules
              • Overview
              • Numeric value comparison rules
              • Date value comparison rules
              • Character value comparison rules
              • Data type precedence
              • Data type conversion rules
              • Security considerations for data conversion
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Text literals
              • Numeric literals
              • Datetime literals
                • Date literals
                • Timestamp literals
              • Interval literals
            • Format model
              • Overview
              • Number format models
              • Datetime format models
              • RR datetime format element
              • String-to-date conversion rules
            • NULL value
              • Overview
              • NULLs in SQL functions
              • NULLs in comparison conditions
              • NULLs in conditional expressions
            • Annotations
              • Overview
              • Comments for SQL statements
              • Comments on schema and non-schema objects
              • Hints
                • Overview
                • Use query block name and QB_NAME hint to control query optimization
                • Hint list
                  • Global hints
                    • Optimizer Stats Hint
                    • Transform Hint
                    • Other hints under the GLOBAL hint
                  • Optimized hints
                    • Access path hints under the Optimized Hint type
                    • Join Order Hints in the Optimized Hint Category
                    • Join operation hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Subquery hints under the Optimized Hint category
                    • Group By Hint
                    • DISTINCT hint
                    • Set Hint
                    • Distributed DML hints in the Optimized Hint category
                  • Transform hints
                    • Stmt Transform Hint
                    • Cost Based Transform Hint
                    • Heuristics transform hints
                    • Other hints under the Transform Hint type
                  • Outline related hints
                  • Other hints
            • Database objects
              • Schema objects
              • Non-schema objects
            • Database naming conventions
              • Overview
              • Suggestions on schema object names
            • Database object reference methods
              • Overview
              • Reference schema objects
              • Reference objects in a remote database
                • Create a DBLink
                • Reference a DBLink
              • Refer to partitioned tables and indexes
              • Reference an attribute or method of an object type
            • Character sets and collations
          • Operators
            • Overview of operators
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Concatenation operator
            • Hierarchical query operators
            • Set operators
            • COLLATE operator
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Numeric functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BITAND
                • CEIL
                • COS
                • COSH
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • MOD
                • NANVL
                • NORMAL
                • POWER
                • REMAINDER
                • ROUND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SINH
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TANH
                • TRUNC
                • UNIFORM
                • WIDTH_BUCKET
                • ZIPF
              • String functions that return a string
                • CHR
                • CONCAT
                • INITCAP
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • NLS_LOWER
                • NLSSORT
                • NLS_UPPER
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPLACE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SUBSTR
                • TRANSLATE
                • TRANSLATE ... USING
                • TRIM
                • UPPER
              • String functions that return numbers
                • ASCII
                • INSTR
                • LENGTH
                • REGEXP_COUNT
                • REGEXP_INSTR
              • Datetime functions
                • ADD_MONTHS
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • DBTIMEZONE
                • EXTRACT(datetime)
                • FROM_TZ
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MONTHS_BETWEEN
                • NEXT_DAY
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • ROUND (date)
                • SESSIONTIMEZONE
                • SYS_EXTRACT_UTC
                • SYSDATE
                • SYSTIMESTAMP
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • TRUNC (date)
                • TZ_OFFSET
              • Generic comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • LEAST
              • Conversion functions
                • ASCIISTR
                • CAST
                • CHARTOROWID
                • CONVERT
                • HEXTORAW
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • RAWTOHEX
                • ROWIDTOCHAR
                • ROWIDTONCHAR
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
                • TO_BINARY_FLOAT
                • TO_BLOB
                • TO_CHAR(character)
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_CHAR(number)
                • TO_CLOB
                • TO_DATE
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_MULTI_BYTE
                • TO_NUMBER
                • TO_NCHAR(character)
                • TO_NCHAR(datetime)
                • TO_NCHAR(number)
                • TO_SINGLE_BYTE
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • UNISTR
              • Encoding and decoding functions
                • DECODE
                • DUMP
                • ORA_HASH
                • VSIZE
              • Null value related functions
                • COALESCE
                • LNNVL
                • NANVL
                • NULLIF
                • NVL
                • NVL2
              • Environment and identifier functions
                • SYS_CONTEXT
                • SYS_GUID
                • UID
                • USER
                • USERENV
                • OB_VERSION
              • Hierarchical functions
                • SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
              • JSON functions
                • Overview
                • Create JSON text functions
                  • JSON_ARRAY
                  • JSON_OBJECT
                  • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                  • JSON_OBJECTAGG
                • Query JSON text functions
                  • JSON_VALUE
                  • JSON_QUERY
                  • JSON_EXISTS
                  • JSON_TABLE
                • Validate JSON text functions
                  • JSON_EQUAL
                • Modify JSON text functions
                  • JSON_MERGEPATCH
              • XML functions
                • Overview
                • Construct XMLType data functions
                  • XMLAGG
                  • XMLATTRIBUTES
                  • XMLELEMENT
                  • XMLPARSE
                  • XMLCONCAT
                  • XMLFOREST
                • Query XMLType data functions
                  • EXTRACT
                  • EXTRACTVALUE
                  • XMLSERIALIZE
                  • XMLCAST
                  • XMLTABLE
                  • XMLSEQUENCE
                  • EXISTSNODE
                • Modify XMLType data functions
                  • UPDATEXML
                  • INSERTCHILDXML
                  • DELETEXML
              • Spatial functions
                • Overview of spatial functions
                • Constructor functions
                • Spatial query functions
                • Format conversion functions
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • GROUPING
              • KEEP
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROLLUP
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
              • GROUP_ID
              • GROUPING_ID
            • Analysis functions
              • Overview
              • AVG
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • KEEP
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • NTILE
              • NTH_VALUE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • RATIO_TO_REPORT
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
            • Information functions
              • OB_TRANSACTION_ID
            • Sequence functions
              • NEXTVAL(SEQ) function
              • CURRVAL(SEQ) function
          • Expressions
            • Overview
            • Simple expressions
            • Compound expressions
            • Case expressions
            • Column expressions
            • CURSOR expressions
            • Datetime expressions
            • Function expressions
            • Interval expressions
            • Scalar subquery expressions
            • Type constructor expressions
            • Expression list
          • Conditions
            • Overview
            • Condition precedence
            • Comparison conditions
            • Floating-point conditions
            • Logical conditions
            • Pattern-matching conditions
            • NULL conditions
            • Compound conditions
            • BETWEEN condition
            • EXISTS condition
            • IN condition
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Simple queries
            • Hierarchical queries
            • Composite queries
            • JOIN queries
            • Subqueries
            • Lateral derived tables
            • DUAL table query
          • SQL statements
            • DDL
              • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
              • ALTER INDEX
              • ALTER KEYSTORE
              • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • ALTER OUTLINE
              • ALTER PROFILE
              • ALTER ROLE
              • ALTER SEQUENCE
              • ALTER SESSION
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH CACHE
              • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
              • ALTER SYSTEM SET PARAMETER
              • ALTER TABLE
              • ALTER TABLEGROUP
              • ALTER TABLESPACE
              • ALTER USER
              • COMMENT
              • CREATE CONTEXT
              • CREATE CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
              • CREATE DIRECTORY
              • CREATE DATABASE LINK
              • CREATE EXTERNAL CATALOG
              • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
              • CREATE INDEX
              • CREATE KEYSTORE
              • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • CREATE OUTLINE
              • CREATE PROFILE
              • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
              • CREATE ROLE
              • CREATE SEQUENCE
              • CREATE SYNONYM
              • CREATE TABLE
              • CREATE TABLEGROUP
              • CREATE TABLESPACE
              • CREATE USER
              • CREATE VIEW
              • DROP CATALOG
              • DROP CONTEXT
              • DROP CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
              • DROP DATABASE LINK
              • DROP DIRECTORY
              • DROP INDEX
              • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • DROP OUTLINE
              • DROP PROFILE
              • DROP ROLE
              • DROP SEQUENCE
              • DROP SYNONYM
              • DROP TABLE
              • DROP TABLEGROUP
              • DROP TABLESPACE
              • DROP USER
              • DROP VIEW
              • RENAME
              • TRUNCATE TABLE
              • MAJOR and MINOR
            • DML
              • DELETE
              • INSERT
              • MERGE
              • PURGE
              • EXPLAIN
              • SELECT
                • SIMPLE SELECT
                • Set-based SELECT
                • WITH CLAUSE
                • JOIN clause
              • UPDATE
            • DCL
              • ANALYZE
              • ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
              • AUDIT
              • COMMIT
              • FLASHBACK TABLE BEFORE DROP
              • GRANT
              • KILL
              • LOAD DATA
              • LOCK TABLE
              • REVOKE
              • ROLLBACK
              • SAVEPOINT
              • SELECT INTO
              • SET CATALOG
              • SET NAMES
              • SET PASSWORD
              • SET ROLE
              • SET VARIABLE
              • SHOW
              • SHRINK
              • TRANSACTION
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
      • SQL specifications and practices
        • Limitations on writing SQL statements
        • SQL writing specifications
          • SELECT statements
          • DML statement writing standards
          • DDL statements
          • Multi-table join statements
          • Table scan
          • Transactions
          • Cache
          • How to use hints
          • Others
        • SQL statement examples
          • Implicit data type conversion
          • Join tables
          • Weak consistency read
          • Paging
      • Reserved keywords (MySQL mode)
      • Reserved keywords (Oracle mode)
      • Data type conversion behavior in strict mode for MySQL tenants
    • PL reference
      • What is PL
        • PL overview
        • Main features of PL
        • PL architecture
      • PL reference (MySQL mode)
        • Syntax of PL stored programs
        • PL stored procedures
          • Overview
          • Variables in stored programs
          • Stored procedures
          • Stored objects and privilege management
          • Stored functions
          • Triggers
          • EVENT
          • Limitations on stored programs
        • PL cursors
          • Overview
          • Cursor execution process
          • Limitations on server cursors
        • PL conditional control statements
          • CASE
          • IF
          • ITERATE
          • LEAVE
          • LOOP
          • REPEAT
          • RETURN
          • WHILE
        • PL data manipulation statements
          • CALL
          • DO
        • PL data definition statements
          • ALTER FUNCTION
          • ALTER PROCEDURE
          • CREATE FUNCTION
          • CREATE PROCEDURE
          • CREATE TRIGGER
          • DROP FUNCTION
          • DROP PROCEDURE
          • DROP TRIGGER
        • PL database management statements
          • SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
          • SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
          • SHOW CREATE TRIGGER
          • SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
          • SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
          • SHOW TRIGGERS
        • PL related dictionary views
          • INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS
          • INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES
          • INFORMATION_SCHEMA TRIGGERS
        • PL exception handling
          • Overview
          • DECLARE ... CONDITION
          • DECLARE ... HANDLER
          • GET DIAGNOSTICS
          • RESIGNAL
          • SIGNAL
          • Scope of procedures
          • Diagnostics area
          • Exception handling and OUT/INOUT parameters
          • Limitations on exception handling
        • PL system packages
          • Overview
          • DBMS_MVIEW
            • Overview
            • PURGE_LOG
            • REFRESH
          • DBMS_MVIEW_STATS
            • Overview
            • PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
            • SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
            • SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
          • DBMS_PARTITION
            • DBMS_PARTITION overview
            • MANAGE_DYNAMIC_PARTITION
          • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
            • Overview
            • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • CREATE_PLAN
            • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • DELETE_PLAN
            • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
            • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
          • DBMS_SPM
            • Overview
            • ACCEPT_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • ALTER_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • CANCEL_EVOLVE_TASK
            • CONFIGURE
            • DROP_EVOLVE_TASK
            • DROP_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • LOAD_PLANS_FROM_CURSOR_CACHE
          • DBMS_STATS
            • Overview
            • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
            • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
            • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
            • DROP_STAT_TABLE
            • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
            • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
            • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
            • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
            • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • GET_PARAM
            • GET_PREFS
            • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
            • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
            • PURGE_STATS
            • SET_COLUMN_STATS
            • SET_INDEX_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_STATS
            • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
            • SET_PARAM
            • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_PREFS
            • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • CANCEL_GATHER_STATS
          • DBMS_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE_MANAGER
            • Overview
            • ADD_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
            • DELETE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
            • UPDATE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
          • DBMS_UDR
            • Overview
            • CREATE_RULE
            • DISABLE_RULE
            • ENABLE_RULE
            • REMOVE_RULE
          • DBMS_VECTOR
            • Overview of DBMS_VECTOR
            • REFRESH_INDEX
            • REBUILD_INDEX
            • INDEX_VECTOR_MEMORY_ESTIMATE
            • INDEX_VECTOR_MEMORY_ADVISOR
          • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
            • Overview
            • ASH_REPORT
            • CREATE_SNAPSHOT
            • DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE
            • MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS
          • DBMS_XPLAN
            • Overview
            • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
            • DISPLAY_CURSOR
            • DISPLAY
            • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
          • DBMS_LIMIT_CALCULATOR
            • Overview
            • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_UNIT
            • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_LOGIC_RES
            • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_STANDBY_TENANT
          • DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • Overview
            • AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
        • Reserved and non-reserved PL keywords
      • PL reference (Oracle mode)
        • PL language basics
          • Character sets
          • Lexical elements
          • Syntax
          • Reference identifiers
          • Identifier scope and visibility
          • Assignment
          • Expressions
          • PL blocks
          • Subprograms
          • Error-reporting functions
        • PL data types
          • Overview
          • SQL data types
          • LOB data types
          • BOOLEAN type
          • User-defined subtypes
          • PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER
          • Arrays
          • PL JSON data types
        • PL process control
          • Overview
          • Conditional control
          • Loop control
          • Sequential control
        • PL collections and records
          • Overview
          • Collections
          • Associative arrays
          • Varrays
          • Nested tables
          • Collection constructors
          • Collection methods
            • Overview
            • DELETE method
            • TRIM method
            • EXTEND method
            • EXISTS method
            • FIRST and LAST methods
            • COUNT method
            • LIMIT method
            • PRIOR and NEXT methods
          • Records
          • Insert records into a table and update a table by using records
          • Create and call a subprogram with record type parameters
        • PL static SQL
          • Overview
          • Cursors
            • Overview
            • Cursor attributes
            • Implicit cursors
            • Explicit cursors
            • Cursor variables
            • Use FOR loops to iterate over a cursor
            • Modify and drop a cursor
          • Transaction processing and control
          • Autonomous transactions
            • Overview
            • Control autonomous transactions
            • Autonomous triggers
            • Call autonomous functions from SQL statements
          • FORALL and BULK COLLECT
        • PL dynamic SQL
          • Overview
          • Execute dynamic SQL statements
          • DBMS_SQL system package
        • PL stored procedures and functions
          • Overview
          • Create a stored procedure
          • Create a function
          • Manage stored procedures and functions
          • Privilege control
          • Pipeline functions
            • Overview
            • Create a pipelined table function
            • Application
          • User-defined functions
            • Overview
            • Interface for user-defined aggregate functions
            • Create a user-defined aggregate function
            • Use user-defined aggregate functions
          • Collection of stored procedure information and its impact on parallel execution of SQL statements
          • PL Database Link
        • PL triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Modify and drop a trigger
          • Disable or enable a trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • INSTEAD OF DML triggers
          • Composite DML triggers
          • System triggers
        • PL packages
          • Overview
          • Create a package
          • Overloaded programs in a package
          • Manage packages
          • Definition of the PL environment by the STANDARD package
        • PL exception handling
          • Overview
          • Compile-time warnings
          • Exception types
          • Exception handling processes
        • DDL operations on stored PL units
          • Overview
          • ALTER FUNCTION
          • ALTER PACKAGE
          • ALTER PROCEDURE
          • ALTER TRIGGER
          • ALTER TYPE
          • CREATE FUNCTION
          • CREATE PACKAGE
          • CREATE PACKAGE BODY
          • CREATE PROCEDURE
          • CREATE TRIGGER
          • CREATE TYPE
          • CREATE TYPE BODY
          • DROP FUNCTION
          • DROP PACKAGE
          • DROP PROCEDURE
          • DROP TRIGGER
          • DROP TYPE
          • DROP TYPE BODY
        • PL label security package
          • Overview
          • SA_SYSDBA policy management package
            • Overview
            • SA_SYSDBA.ALTER_POLICY
            • SA_SYSDBA.CREATE_POLICY
            • SA_SYSDBA.DROP_POLICY
          • SA_COMPONENTS label component package
            • Overview of the SA_COMPONENTS package
            • SA_COMPONENTS.ALTER_LEVEL
            • SA_COMPONENTS.CREATE_LEVEL
            • SA_COMPONENTS.DROP_LEVEL
          • SA_LABEL_ADMIN label management package
            • Overview
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.ALTER_LABEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.CREATE_LABEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.DROP_LABEL
          • SA_POLICY_ADMIN policy management package
            • Overview
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.APPLY_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.DISABLE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.ENABLE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.REMOVE_TABLE_POLICY
          • SA_USER_ADMIN user label management package
            • Overview
            • SA_USER_ADMIN.SET_LEVELS
          • SA_SESSION session management package
            • Overview
            • SA_SESSION.LABEL
            • SA_SESSION.RESTORE_DEFAULT_LABELS
            • SA_SESSION.ROW_LABEL
            • SA_SESSION.SET_LABEL
            • SA_SESSION.SET_ROW_LABEL
        • PL system package (Oracle mode)
          • Overview
          • DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO
            • Overview
            • READ_CLIENT_INFO
            • READ_MODULE
            • SET_ACTION
            • SET_CLIENT_INFO
            • SET_MODULE
          • DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT
            • Overview
            • CLEAN_AUDIT_TRAIL
            • CREATE_PURGE_JOB
            • DROP_PURGE_JOB
            • SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP
            • SET_PURGE_JOB_STATUS
          • DBMS_CRYPTO
            • Overview
            • ENCRYPT
            • DECRYPT
            • HASH
          • DBMS_DEBUG
            • Overview
            • ATTACH_SESSION
            • CONTINUE
            • DEBUG_ON
            • DEBUG_OFF
            • DETACH_SESSION
            • DELETE_BREAKPOINT
            • DISABLE_BREAKPOINT
            • ENABLE_BREAKPOINT
            • GET_VALUE
            • GET_VALUES
            • GET_RUNTIME_INFO
            • GET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
            • INITIALIZE
            • PROBE_VERSION
            • PRINT_BACKTRACE
            • SET_TIMEOUT
            • SET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
            • SET_BREAKPOINT
            • SHOW_BREAKPOINTS
          • DBMS_DESCRIBE
            • Overview
            • DESCRIBE_PROCEDURE
          • DBMS_JOB
            • Overview
            • BROKEN
            • CHANGE
            • ZONE
            • INTERVAL
            • NEXT_DATE
            • REMOVE
            • RUN
            • SUBMIT
            • USER_EXPORT
            • WHAT
          • DBMS_LOB
            • Overview
            • APPEND
            • CLOSE
            • COPY
            • CREATETEMPORARY
            • ERASE
            • FREETEMPORARY
            • GETLENGTH
            • ISOPEN
            • INSTR
            • ISTEMPORARY
            • OPEN
            • READ
            • SUBSTR
            • TRIM
            • WRITE
            • WRITEAPPEND
          • DBMS_LOCK
            • Overview
            • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE
            • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE_AUTONOMOUS
            • REQUEST
            • SLEEP
            • RELEASE
          • DBMS_METADATA
            • Overview
            • GET_DDL
            • GET_TABLE_INDEX_DDL
          • DBMS_MVIEW
            • Overview
            • PURGE_LOG
            • REFRESH
          • DBMS_MONITOR
            • Overview
            • OB_SESSION_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_SESSION_TRACE_DISABLE
            • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_DISABLE
            • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_DISABLE
            • OB_TENANT_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_TENANT_TRACE_DISABLE
          • DBMS_MVIEW_STAT
            • Overview
            • PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
            • SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
            • SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
          • DBMS_OUTPUT
            • Overview
            • DISABLE
            • ENABLE
            • GET_LINE
            • GET_LINES
            • NEW_LINE
            • PUT
            • PUT_LINE
          • DBMS_PLAN_CACHE
            • Overview
            • PURGE
          • DBMS_PARTITION
            • Overview of DBMS_PARTITION
            • MANAGE_DYNAMIC_PARTITION
          • DBMS_RANDOM
            • Overview
            • INITIALIZE
            • NORMAL
            • RANDOM
            • SEED
            • STRING
            • TERMINATE
            • VALUE
          • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
            • Overview
            • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • CREATE_PLAN
            • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • DELETE_PLAN
            • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
            • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
          • DBMS_SCHEDULER
            • Overview
            • CREATE_JOB
            • CREATE_JOB_CLASS
            • CREATE_PROGRAM
            • DEFINE_PROGRAM_ARGUMENT
            • DISABLE
            • DISABLE
            • DROP_JOB
            • DROP_JOB_CLASS
            • DROP_PROGRAM
            • ENABLE
            • ENABLE
            • GENERATE_JOB_NAME
            • PURGE_LOG
            • RUN_JOB
            • SET_ATTRIBUTE
            • SET_JOB_ARGUMENT_VALUE
            • STOP_JOB
          • DBMS_SESSION
            • Overview
            • CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT
            • CLEAR_CONTEXT
            • CLEAR_IDENTIFIER
            • RESET_PACKAGE
            • SET_CONTEXT
            • SET_IDENTIFIER
          • DBMS_SPM
            • Overview
            • ACCEPT_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • ALTER_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • CANCEL_EVOLVE_TASK
            • CONFIGURE
            • DROP_EVOLVE_TASK
            • DROP_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • LOAD_PLANS_FROM_CURSOR_CACHE
          • DBMS_SQL
            • Overview of DBMS_SQL
            • BIND_VARIABLE
            • CLOSE_CURSOR
            • COLUMN_VALUE
            • DEFINE_COLUMN
            • DEFINE_ARRAY
            • DESCRIBE_COLUMNS
            • EXECUTE
            • EXECUTE_AND_FETCH
            • FETCH_ROWS
            • IS_OPEN
            • LAST_ERROR_POSITION
            • OPEN_CURSOR
            • PARSE
            • VARIABLE_VALUE
          • DBMS_STATS
            • Overview
            • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
            • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
            • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
            • DROP_STAT_TABLE
            • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
            • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
            • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
            • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
            • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • GET_PARAM
            • GET_PREFS
            • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
            • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
            • PURGE_STATS
            • SET_COLUMN_STATS
            • SET_INDEX_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_STATS
            • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
            • SET_PARAM
            • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_PREFS
            • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • COPY_TABLE_STATS
            • CANCEL_GATHER_STATS
          • DBMS_UDR
            • Overview
            • CREATE_RULE
            • DISABLE_RULE
            • ENABLE_RULE
            • REMOVE_RULE
          • DBMS_UTILITY
            • Overview of DBMS_UTILITY
            • ACTIVE_INSTANCES
            • CURRENT_INSTANCE
            • DB_VERSION
            • FORMAT_CALL_STACK
            • FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE
            • FORMAT_ERROR_STACK
            • GET_ENDIANNESS
            • GET_HASH_VALUE
            • GET_PARAMETER_VALUE
            • GET_SQL_HASH
            • GET_TIME
            • IS_BIT_SET
            • IS_CLUSTER_DATABASE
            • NAME_RESOLVE
            • NAME_TOKENIZE
            • OLD_CURRENT_SCHEMA
            • OLD_CURRENT_USER
            • PORT_STRING
            • TABLE_TO_COMMA
            • COMMA_TO_TABLE
            • VALIDATE
          • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
            • Overview
            • ASH_REPORT
          • DBMS_XA
            • Overview
            • DBMS_XA constants
            • DBMS_XA_XID object type
            • DIST_TXN_SYNC
            • XA_COMMIT
            • XA_END
            • XA_FORGET
            • XA_GETLASTOER
            • XA_PREPARE
            • XA_RECOVER
            • XA_ROLLBACK
            • XA_SETTIMEOUT
            • XA_START
          • DBMS_XMLGEN
            • Overview
            • CONVERT
          • DBMS_PROFILER
            • Overview of DBMS_PROFILER
            • START_PROFILER
            • STOP_PROFILER
            • PAUSE_PROFILER
            • RESUME_PROFILER
            • FLUSH_DATA
            • GET_VERSION
            • INTERNAL_VERSION_CHECK
            • ROLLUP_UNIT
            • ROLLUP_RUN
            • OB_INIT_OBJECTS
            • OB_DROP_OBJECTS
          • DBMS_XPLAN
            • Overview
            • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
            • DISPLAY_CURSOR
            • DISPLAY
            • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
          • DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • Overview
            • AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
          • DBMS_DDL
            • Overview of DBMS_DDL
            • WRAP
            • CREATE_WRAPPED
          • ODCIConst
            • Overview
            • ODCIArgDesc.ArgType
            • ODCIEnv.CallProperty
            • ODCIEnv.Envflags
            • ODCIIndexAlter
            • ODCIIndexAlter parameter alter_option
            • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexInfoFlags
            • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexParaDegree
            • ODCIPredInfo.Flags
            • ODCIQueryInfo.Flags
            • ODCIStatsOptions.Flags
            • ODCIStatsOptions.Options
            • Return Status
            • ScnFlg
          • UTL_ENCODE
            • Overview
            • BASE64_DECODE
            • BASE64_ENCODE
          • UTL_FILE
            • Overview
            • FCLOSE
            • FFLUSH
            • FOPEN
            • FGETPOS
            • FREMOVE
            • FRENAME
            • FSEEK
            • NEW_LINE
            • GET_LINE
            • PUT
            • PUT_LINE
          • UTL_I18N
            • Overview
            • RAW_TO_CHAR
            • STRING_TO_RAW
          • UTL_RECOMP
            • Overview
            • RECOMP_PARALLEL
            • RECOMP_SERIAL
            • TRUNCATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
            • POPULATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
            • PARALLEL_SLAVE
          • UTL_RAW
            • Overview of UTL_RAW
            • BIT_AND
            • BIT_COMPLEMENT
            • BIT_OR
            • BIT_XOR
            • CAST_FROM_BINARY_DOUBLE
            • CAST_FROM_BINARY_FLOAT
            • CAST_FROM_BINARY_INTEGER
            • CAST_FROM_NUMBER
            • CAST_TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
            • CAST_TO_BINARY_FLOAT
            • CAST_TO_BINARY_INTEGER
            • CAST_TO_NUMBER
            • CAST_TO_RAW
            • CAST_TO_VARCHAR2
            • COMPARE
            • CONCAT
            • COPIES
            • LENGTH
            • REVERSE
            • SUBSTR
            • TRANSLATE
          • UTL_TCP
            • Overview of UTL_TCP
            • OPEN_CONNECTION
            • CLOSE_CONNECTION
            • CLOSE_ALL_CONNECTIONS
            • WRITE_LINE
            • WRITE_TEXT
            • WRITE_RAW
            • GET_LINE
            • GET_TEXT
          • UTL_SMTP
            • Overview of UTL_SMTP
            • OPEN_CONNECTION
            • CLOSE_CONNECTION
            • QUIT
            • AUTH
            • COMMAND
            • COMMAND_REPLIES
            • HELO
            • EHLO
            • MAIL
            • RCPT
            • OPEN_DATA
            • WRITE_DATA
            • WRITE_RAW_DATA
            • CLOSE_DATA
            • DATA
            • VRFY
            • HELP
            • NOOP
            • RSET
          • ANYDATA TYPE
            • Overview of ANYDATA type
            • BEGINCREATE static procedure
            • ENDCREATE member procedure
            • GET* member functions
            • GETTYPE member function
            • GETTYPENAME member function
            • PIECEWISE member procedure
            • SET* member procedures
          • XMLType
            • Overview of XMLType
            • CREATEXML
            • GETCLOBVAL
            • GETSTRINGVAL
            • TRANSFORM
            • XMLTYPE
            • EXISTSNODE
            • EXTRACT
        • Reserved PL keywords
    • System views
      • System views overview
      • System views overview
      • Views in OceanBase Database V3.x and V4.x
      • SYS tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_CKPT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • CDB_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
          • CDB_MVIEW_LOGS
          • oceanbase.CDB_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • CDB_MVIEWS
          • CDB_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • CDB_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • CDB_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_COLUMN_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_CCL_RULES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_REDIS_TABLE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVER_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEWS
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLONE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLONE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLUSTER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ROOTSERVICE_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_TRUSTED_ROOT_CERTIFICATE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_STORAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LICENSE
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_SERVER_STORAGE
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • gv$tenant
          • gv$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$UNIT
          • GV$VECTOR_MEMORY
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • V$OB_SERVER_STORAGE
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • v$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • V$UNIT
          • V$VECTOR_MEMORY
      • MySQL tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.audit_log_filter
          • mysql.audit_log_user
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEWS
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
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          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
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          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
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          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_REDIS_TABLE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
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          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
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          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
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          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
        • Performance views
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          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
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          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
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          • V$RSRC_PLAN
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          • V$SESSION_EVENT
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          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
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          • V$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
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          • V$OB_UNITS
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          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
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          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
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          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
      • Oracle tenant views
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          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
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          • ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
          • ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
          • STMT_AUDIT_OPTION_MAP
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_GLOBAL_VARIABLE
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_SESSION_VARIABLE
          • USER_ALL_TABLES
          • USER_ARGUMENTS
          • USER_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • USER_AUDIT_SESSION
          • USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • USER_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • USER_COL_COMMENTS
          • USER_COL_PRIVS
          • USER_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_CONS_COLUMNS
          • USER_CONSTRAINTS
          • USER_DB_LINKS
          • USER_DEPENDENCIES
          • USER_ERRORS
          • USER_IND_COLUMNS
          • USER_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • USER_IND_PARTITIONS
          • USER_IND_STATISTICS
          • USER_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_INDEXES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPES
          • USER_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_JOBS
          • USER_MVIEW_LOGS
          • USER_MVIEWS
          • USER_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • USER_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • USER_OBJECTS
          • USER_OB_SOURCE
          • USER_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_PART_INDEXES
          • USER_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_PART_TABLES
          • USER_POLICIES
          • USER_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_POLICY_GROUPS
          • USER_PROCEDURES
          • USER_PROFILES
          • USER_RECYCLEBIN
          • USER_ROLE_PRIVS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • USER_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • USER_SEGMENTS
          • USER_SEQUENCES
          • USER_SOURCE
          • USER_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • USER_SYNONYMS
          • USER_SYS_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_COLS
          • USER_TAB_COLUMNS
          • USER_TAB_COMMENTS
          • USER_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • USER_TAB_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • USER_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_TABLES
          • USER_TABLESPACES
          • USER_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • USER_TRIGGERS
          • USER_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_TYPE_METHODS
          • USER_TYPES
          • USER_USERS
          • USER_VIEWS
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DBLINK
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$INSTANCE
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_RESULT_CACHE_OBJECTS
          • GV$OPEN_CURSOR
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DBLINK
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$GLOBALCONTEXT
          • V$INSTANCE
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$NLS_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_RESULT_CACHE_OBJECTS
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OPEN_CURSOR
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$TIMEZONE_NAMES
          • V$VERSION
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_THREAD
      • Description of common statistical events
      • General wait events
    • Parameters and system variables
      • Overview
      • Changes in V3.x and V4.x
      • Parameters
        • Overview of parameters
        • Cluster-level parameters
          • alert_log_level
          • all_cluster_list
          • all_server_list
          • arbitration_degradation_policy
          • auto_broadcast_location_cache_rate_limit
          • auto_leader_switch_interval
          • auto_refresh_location_cache_rate_limit
          • autoinc_cache_refresh_interval
          • backup_backup_dest
          • backup_backup_dest_option
          • backup_concurrency
          • backup_dest
          • backup_dest_option
          • backup_log_archive_option
          • backup_net_limit
          • backup_recovery_window
          • backup_region
          • backup_zone
          • balance_blacklist_failure_threshold
          • balance_blacklist_retry_interval
          • balancer_emergency_percentage
          • balancer_log_interval
          • balancer_task_timeout
          • balancer_timeout_check_interval
          • balancer_tolerance_percentage
          • bf_cache_miss_count_threshold
          • bf_cache_priority
          • builtin_db_data_verify_cycle
          • cache_wash_threshold
          • clog_cache_priority
          • clog_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • clog_disk_utilization_threshold
          • clog_expire_days
          • clog_io_isolation_mode
          • clog_sync_time_warn_threshold
          • clog_transport_compress_func
          • cluster
          • cluster_id
          • config_additional_dir
          • cpu_count
          • cpu_reserved
          • data_copy_concurrency
          • data_dir
          • data_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • data_disk_write_limit_percentage
          • data_storage_error_tolerance_time
          • data_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • datafile_disk_percentage
          • datafile_maxsize
          • datafile_next
          • datafile_size
          • dead_socket_detection_timeout
          • debug_sync_timeout
          • default_compress
          • default_compress_func
          • default_row_format
          • default_transport_compress_func
          • devname
          • diag_syslog_per_error_limit
          • disk_io_thread_count
          • dtl_buffer_size
          • election_blacklist_interval
          • election_cpu_quota
          • _enable_add_fulltext_index_to_existing_table
          • enable_asan_for_memory_context
          • enable_async_syslog
          • enable_auto_leader_switch
          • enable_auto_refresh_location_cache
          • enable_cgroup
          • enable_dblink
          • enable_ddl
          • enable_election_group
          • enable_global_background_resource_isolation
          • enable_global_freeze_trigger
          • enable_log_archive
          • enable_major_freeze
          • enable_manual_merge
          • enable_merge_by_turn
          • enable_ob_esi_process
          • enable_ob_ratelimit
          • enable_one_phase_commit
          • enable_perf_event
          • enable_pg
          • enable_record_trace_id
          • enable_record_trace_log
          • enable_rereplication
          • enable_rich_error_msg
          • enable_rootservice_standalone
          • enable_rpc_authentication_bypass
          • enable_separate_sys_clog
          • enable_smooth_leader_switch
          • enable_sql_audit
          • enable_sql_operator_dump
          • enable_sys_table_ddl
          • enable_sys_unit_standalone
          • enable_syslog_recycle
          • enable_syslog_wf
          • enable_tcp_keepalive
          • enable_upgrade_mode
          • fast_recovery_concurrency
          • flush_log_at_trx_commit
          • fuse_row_cache_priority
          • gc_wait_archive
          • get_leader_candidate_rpc_timeout
          • global_background_cpu_quota
          • global_index_build_single_replica_timeout
          • global_major_freeze_residual_memory
          • global_write_halt_residual_memory
          • high_priority_net_thread_count
          • ignore_replay_checksum_error
          • ignore_replica_checksum_error
          • ilog_index_expire_time
          • index_block_cache_priority
          • index_cache_priority
          • index_clog_cache_priority
          • index_info_block_cache_priority
          • internal_sql_execute_timeout
          • large_query_threshold
          • large_query_worker_percentage
          • leak_mod_to_check
          • lease_time
          • local_ip
          • location_cache_cpu_quota
          • location_cache_expire_time
          • location_cache_priority
          • location_cache_refresh_min_interval
          • location_cache_refresh_rpc_timeout
          • location_cache_refresh_sql_timeout
          • location_fetch_concurrency
          • location_refresh_thread_count
          • log_archive_batch_buffer_limit
          • log_archive_checkpoint_interval
          • log_disk_percentage
          • log_disk_size
          • log_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • ls_meta_table_check_interval
          • max_kept_major_version_number
          • max_px_worker_count
          • max_string_print_length
          • max_syslog_file_count
          • memory_chunk_cache_size
          • memory_limit
          • memory_limit_percentage
          • memory_reserved
          • memstore_limit_percentage
          • merge_stat_sampling_ratio
          • merge_thread_count
          • merger_completion_percentage
          • merger_switch_leader_duration_time
          • merger_warm_up_duration_time
          • micro_block_merge_verify_level
          • migrate_concurrency
          • migration_disable_time
          • min_observer_version
          • minor_deferred_gc_time
          • minor_freeze_times
          • minor_merge_concurrency
          • minor_warm_up_duration_time
          • multiblock_read_gap_size
          • multiblock_read_size
          • mysql_port
          • net_thread_count
          • ob_esi_io_concurrency
          • ob_esi_max_syslog_file_count
          • ob_esi_memory_limit
          • ob_esi_rpc_port
          • ob_esi_session_timeout
          • ob_esi_syslog_level
          • ob_event_history_recycle_interval
          • ob_ratelimit_stat_period
          • ob_startup_mode
          • obconfig_url
          • observer_id
          • ob_storage_s3_url_encode_type
          • ob_enable_java_env
          • ob_java_home
          • ob_java_connector_path
          • ob_java_opts
          • ofs_list
          • opt_tab_stat_cache_priority
          • partition_table_check_interval
          • plan_cache_evict_interval
          • plan_cache_high_watermark
          • plan_cache_low_watermark
          • px_task_size
          • px_workers_per_cpu_quota
          • rdma_io_thread_count
          • rebuild_replica_data_lag_threshold
          • recyclebin_object_expire_time
          • replica_safe_remove_time
          • resource_hard_limit
          • resource_soft_limit
          • restore_concurrency
          • rootservice_async_task_queue_size
          • rootservice_async_task_thread_count
          • rootservice_list
          • rootservice_memory_limit
          • rootservice_ready_check_interval
          • row_compaction_update_limit
          • row_purge_thread_count
          • rpc_client_authentication_method
          • rpc_port
          • rpc_server_authentication_method
          • rpc_timeout
          • schema_history_expire_time
          • schema_history_recycle_interval
          • server_balance_cpu_mem_tolerance_percent
          • server_balance_critical_disk_waterlevel
          • server_balance_disk_tolerance_percent
          • server_check_interval
          • server_cpu_quota_max
          • server_cpu_quota_min
          • server_data_copy_in_concurrency
          • server_data_copy_out_concurrency
          • server_permanent_offline_time
          • sql_audit_memory_limit
          • sql_login_thread_count
          • sql_net_thread_count
          • sql_protocol_min_tls_version
          • ssl_client_authentication
          • ssl_external_kms_info
          • stack_size
          • standby_fetch_log_bandwidth_limit
          • storage_meta_cache_priority
          • strict_check_os_params
          • switchover_process_thread_count
          • sync_io_thread_count
          • sys_bkgd_io_high_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_io_low_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_migration_change_member_list_timeout
          • sys_bkgd_migration_retry_num
          • sys_bkgd_net_percentage
          • sys_cpu_limit_trigger
          • syslog_compress_func
          • syslog_disk_size
          • syslog_file_uncompressed_count
          • syslog_io_bandwidth_limit
          • syslog_level
          • system_cpu_quota
          • system_memory
          • system_trace_level
          • tableapi_transport_compress_func
          • tablet_ls_cache_priority
          • tablet_meta_table_check_interval
          • tablet_meta_table_scan_batch_count
          • tablet_size
          • tcp_keepcnt
          • tcp_keepidle
          • tcp_keepintvl
          • tenant_cpu_variation_per_server
          • tenant_groups
          • tenant_task_queue_size
          • token_reserved_percentage
          • trace_log_sampling_interval
          • trace_log_slow_query_watermark
          • trx_2pc_retry_interval
          • trx_force_kill_threshold
          • trx_try_wait_lock_timeout
          • unit_balance_resource_weight
          • unit_gc_wait_time
          • use_large_pages
          • user_block_cache_priority
          • user_iort_up_percentage
          • user_row_cache_priority
          • user_tab_col_stat_cache_priority
          • virtual_table_location_cache_expire_time
          • wait_leader_batch_count
          • weak_read_version_refresh_interval
          • workers_per_cpu_quota
          • zone
          • zone_merge_concurrency
          • zone_merge_order
          • zone_merge_timeout
        • Tenant-level parameters
          • arbitration_timeout
          • archive_lag_target
          • approx_count_distinct_precision
          • audit_log_buffer_size
          • audit_log_compression
          • audit_log_enable
          • audit_log_format
          • audit_log_max_size
          • audit_log_path
          • audit_log_prune_seconds
          • audit_log_query_sql
          • audit_log_rotate_on_size
          • audit_log_strategy
          • audit_sys_operations
          • audit_trail
          • auto_split_tablet_size
          • backup_data_file_size
          • balancer_idle_time
          • choose_migration_source_policy
          • clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count
          • clog_persistence_compress_func
          • compaction_dag_cnt_limit
          • compaction_high_thread_score
          • compaction_low_thread_score
          • compaction_mid_thread_score
          • compaction_schedule_tablet_batch_cnt
          • compatible
          • connection_control_failed_connections_threshold
          • connection_control_max_connection_delay
          • connection_control_min_connection_delay
          • cpu_quota_concurrency
          • ddl_thread_score
          • default_auto_increment_mode
          • default_enable_extended_rowid
          • default_load_mode
          • default_progressive_merge_num
          • default_skip_index_level
          • default_storage_cache_policy
          • default_table_merge_engine
          • default_table_organization
          • default_table_store_format
          • direct_load_allow_fallback
          • dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval
          • enable_adaptive_plan_cache
          • enable_auto_split
          • enable_clog_persistence_compress
          • enable_early_lock_release
          • enable_kv_group_commit
          • enable_kv_ttl
          • enable_lock_priority
          • enable_manual_storage_cache_policy
          • enable_mlog_auto_maintenance
          • enable_monotonic_weak_read
          • enable_mv_binlog_minimal_mode
          • enable_rebalance
          • enable_sql_extension
          • enable_transfer
          • enable_user_defined_rewrite_rules
          • enable_ps_parameterize
          • external_kms_info
          • freeze_trigger_percentage
          • global_index_auto_split_policy
          • ha_high_thread_score
          • ha_low_thread_score
          • ha_mid_thread_score
          • io_category_config
          • job_queue_processes
          • json_document_max_depth
          • kv_ttl_duty_duration
          • kv_group_commit_batch_size
          • kv_group_commit_rw_mode
          • kv_hbase_client_scanner_timeout_period
          • kv_ttl_history_recycle_interval
          • load_vector_index_on_follower
          • lob_enable_block_cache_threshold
          • log_archive_concurrency
          • log_disk_throttling_maximum_duration
          • log_disk_throttling_percentage
          • log_disk_utilization_limit_threshold
          • log_disk_utilization_threshold
          • log_restore_concurrency
          • log_storage_compress_all
          • log_storage_compress_func
          • log_transport_compress_all
          • log_transport_compress_func
          • ls_gc_delay_time
          • major_compact_trigger
          • major_freeze_duty_time
          • max_partition_num
          • max_stale_time_for_weak_consistency
          • merger_check_interval
          • minor_compact_trigger
          • mlog_trim_interval
          • ob_compaction_schedule_interval
          • ob_enable_batched_multi_statement
          • ob_encoding_granularity
          • ob_proxy_readonly_transaction_routing_policy
          • ob_query_switch_leader_retry_timeout
          • ob_ssl_invited_common_names
          • ob_vector_memory_limit_percentage
          • open_cursors
          • optimizer_index_cost_adj
          • partition_balance_schedule_interval
          • plsql_code_type
          • plsql_debug
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • plsql_v2_compatibility
          • px_node_policy
          • package_state_sync_max_size
          • query_memory_limit_percentage
          • query_response_time_flush
          • query_response_time_range_base
          • query_response_time_stats
          • range_optimizer_max_mem_size
          • recover_table_concurrency
          • recover_table_dop
          • replica_parallel_migration_mode
          • result_cache_max_size
          • result_cache_max_result
          • ob_result_cache_evict_percentage
          • ob_deterministic_udf_cache_max_size
          • rpc_memory_limit_percentage
          • shared_log_retention
          • spill_compression_codec
          • sql_work_area
          • standby_db_fetch_log_rpc_timeout
          • standby_db_preferred_upstream_log_region
          • sts_credential
          • tde_method
          • tenant_sql_login_thread_count
          • tenant_sql_net_thread_count
          • temporary_file_max_disk_size
          • storage_rowsets_size
          • suspend_storage_cache_task
          • ttl_thread_score
          • undo_retention
          • vector_index_memory_saving_mode
          • vector_index_optimize_duty_time
          • workarea_size_policy
          • writing_throttling_maximum_duration
          • writing_throttling_trigger_percentage
      • System variables
        • System variable summary
        • Global variables
          • activate_all_roles_on_login
          • auto_increment_cache_size
          • auto_increment_increment
          • auto_increment_offset
          • autocommit
          • automatic_sp_privileges
          • binlog_row_image
          • block_encryption_mode
          • character_set_client
          • character_set_connection
          • cardinality_estimation_model
          • character_set_database
          • character_set_filesystem
          • character_set_results
          • character_set_server
          • character_set_system
          • collation_connection
          • collation_database
          • collation_server
          • connect_timeout
          • cte_max_recursion_depth
          • cursor_sharing
          • datadir
          • default_password_lifetime
          • default_storage_engine
          • div_precision_increment
          • error_on_overlap_time
          • event_scheduler
          • explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
          • ENABLE_OPTIMIZER_ROWGOAL
          • foreign_key_checks
          • group_concat_max_len
          • identity
          • init_connect
          • innodb_stats_persistent
          • innodb_strict_mode
          • interactive_timeout
          • license
          • lc_time_names
          • log_row_value_options
          • long_query_time
          • lower_case_table_names
          • max_allowed_packet
          • max_connections
          • max_sp_recursion_depth
          • max_user_connections
          • mview_refresh_dop
          • net_buffer_length
          • net_read_timeout
          • net_write_timeout
          • nls_calendar
          • nls_characterset
          • nls_comp
          • nls_currency
          • nls_date_format
          • nls_date_language
          • nls_dual_currency
          • nls_iso_currency
          • nls_length_semantics
          • nls_nchar_characterset
          • nls_nchar_conv_excp
          • nls_numeric_characters
          • nls_sort
          • nls_territory
          • nls_timestamp_format
          • nls_timestamp_tz_format
          • ob_bnl_join_cache_size
          • ob_compatibility_mode
          • ob_compatibility_control
          • ob_compatibility_version
          • ob_create_table_strict_mode
          • ob_default_lob_inrow_threshold
          • ob_default_replica_num
          • ob_early_lock_release
          • ob_enable_ps_parameter_anonymous_block
          • ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown
          • ob_enable_blk_nestedloop_join
          • ob_enable_hash_group_by
          • ob_enable_index_direct_select
          • ob_enable_jit
          • ob_enable_pl_cache
          • ob_enable_plan_cache
          • ob_enable_rich_error_msg
          • ob_enable_sql_audit
          • ob_enable_transformation
          • ob_enable_transmission_checksum
          • ob_enable_truncate_flashback
          • ob_global_debug_sync
          • ob_log_level
          • ob_max_read_stale_time
          • ob_pl_block_timeout
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_high_percentage
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_low_percentage
          • ob_plan_cache_percentage
          • ob_proxy_global_variables_version
          • ob_query_timeout
          • ob_read_consistency
          • ob_reserved_meta_memory_percentage
          • ob_route_policy
          • ob_sql_audit_percentage
          • ob_sql_work_area_percentage
          • ob_table_access_policy
          • ob_tcp_invited_nodes
          • ob_temp_tablespace_size_percentage
          • ob_timestamp_service
          • ob_trx_idle_timeout
          • ob_trx_lock_timeout
          • ob_trx_timeout
          • optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines
          • ob_security_version
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
          • optimizer_features_enable
          • optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
          • parallel_degree_limit
          • parallel_degree_policy
          • parallel_max_servers
          • parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
          • parallel_servers_target
          • performance_schema
          • plugin_dir
          • plsql_ccflags
          • pid_file
          • query_cache_size
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • port
          • query_cache_type
          • query_rewrite_enabled
          • query_rewrite_integrity
          • read_only
          • recyclebin
          • regexp_stack_limit
          • regexp_time_limit
          • resource_manager_plan
          • socket
          • runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
          • runtime_filter_max_in_num
          • runtime_filter_type
          • runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
          • secure_file_priv
          • server_uuid
          • sql_auto_is_null
          • sql_mode
          • sql_quote_show_create
          • sql_safe_updates
          • sql_select_limit
          • sql_throttle_current_priority
          • sql_throttle_network
          • sql_throttle_priority
          • sql_throttle_rt
          • SQL_TRANSPILER
          • sql_warnings
          • system_time_zone
          • time_zone
          • transaction_isolation
          • transaction_read_only
          • tx_isolation
          • tx_read_only
          • validate_password_check_user_name
          • validate_password_length
          • validate_password_mixed_case_count
          • validate_password_number_count
          • validate_password_policy
          • validate_password_special_char_count
          • version
          • version_comment
          • wait_timeout
        • Session-level variables
          • enable_sql_plan_monitor
          • is_result_accurate
          • last_insert_id
          • nls_language
          • ob_capability_flag
          • ob_enable_show_trace
          • ob_hnsw_ef_search
          • ob_ivf_nprobes
          • ob_last_schema_version
          • ob_org_cluster_id
          • ob_sparse_drop_ratio_search
          • ob_proxy_partition_hit
          • ob_proxy_set_trx_executed
          • ob_trace_info
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
          • timestamp
          • tracefile_identifier
    • Error codes
      • MySQL mode
        • Overview
        • 0001 to 3999
        • 4000 to 4499
        • 4500 to 4999
        • 5000 to 5999
        • 6000 to 6999
        • 7000 to 7999
        • 8000 to 8999
        • 9000 ~ 9499
        • 9500 to 9999
        • 10000 to 12000
        • 22998, 30926, 38104, and 38105
      • Oracle mode
        • Overview
        • OBE-00000 ~ OBE-00999
        • OBE-01000 to OBE-01499
        • OBE-01500 to OBE-01999
        • OBE-02000 to OBE-04999
        • OBE-05000 to OBE-10000
        • OBE-10000 to OBE-19999
        • OBE-20000 to OBE-29999
        • OBE-30000 to OBE-49999
        • OBE-50000 to OBE-99999
        • PLS-00000 to PLS-00999
    • Performance tuning
      • Overview
      • Performance related tools
        • System tools
          • Top
          • CPU tools
          • Memory tools
          • Disk I/O tools
          • Network tools
        • Internal tables
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
        • Logs
          • slow trans
          • dump tenant info
          • Trace logs
        • OCP
      • System tuning
        • OS parameter tuning
        • Database parameter tuning
          • CPU parameters
          • I/O parameters
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Network transmission parameters
        • ODP parameter tuning
          • CPU parameters
          • Network transmission parameters
          • Routing parameters on nodes
      • Business model tuning
        • Load balancing
        • SQL diagnostics
        • Distributed transactions
      • Performance diagnosis
        • Monitor and diagnose the cluster performance
        • Diagnose tenant performance
        • Monitor ODP performance
        • Monitor host performance
        • WR management
          • Overview
          • Manage WR
          • Monitor historical session performance
          • Clean up WR data
        • ASH report
          • ASH
          • Generate an ASH report
          • Analyze the ASH report
      • SQL tuning
        • Execution process of SQL queries
        • SQL execution plans
          • Introduction to SQL execution plans
          • Fast parameterization
          • Plan cache
          • Execution plan operators
            • TABLE SCAN
            • JOIN
            • COUNT
            • GROUP BY
            • WINDOW FUNCTION
            • SUBPLAN FILTER
            • DISTINCT
            • SEQUENCE
            • MATERIAL
            • SORT
            • LIMIT
            • FOR UPDATE
            • SELECT INTO
            • SUBPLAN SCAN
            • UNION
            • INTERSECT
            • EXCEPT/MINUS
            • INSERT
            • DELETE
            • UPDATE
            • MERGE
            • EXCHANGE
            • GI
          • Real-time execution plan display
          • SQL optimization practice with EXPLAIN
        • Distributed execution plans
          • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
          • Generate a distributed plan
          • Schedule distributed execution plans
          • Manage distributed execution plans
          • Parallel execution enabling methods and their priority
          • Auto DOP
          • Execute parallel queries
          • Perform parameter tuning for a parallel query
          • Parallel DML
          • Parallel DDL
        • Parallel execution plans
          • Introduction to parallel execution
          • Classification and optimization of parallel execution
          • Set concurrent execution
            • Concurrency control and queuing
            • Set a DOP for parallel execution
            • Set parallel execution parameters
          • Parallel execution diagnostics
          • Parallel execution tuning tips
          • Quick start
        • SQL tuning
          • Overview
          • General procedure
          • SQL execution performance monitoring
            • SQL audit
            • SQL Trace
            • Plan cache views
            • SQL performance analysis example
              • Use SQL Audit to analyze wait events in a query
              • Analyze SQL queries that cause an abrupt RT jitter
              • View and analyze the shape of an execution plan
              • Analyze slow SQL queries
              • Query SQL traffic distribution and QPS
              • Check whether SQL queries are balanced across servers in a cluster
              • Find the TOP N SQL queries
              • Analyze whether an unusually large number of remote execution requests exist in the system or the execution of an SQL statement
              • Find full table scan SQL statements in a tenant
              • Find the TOP N queries with the longest execution time within a certain period
              • Analyze queries related to distributed plans
              • Check whether the RPC execution count of a distributed subplan is balanced across servers in a cluster
          • Optimizer statistics
            • Overview of statistics
            • Statistics collection methods
              • Overview of methods for collecting statistics
              • Histograms
              • Manual statistics collection
              • Automatic statistics collection
              • Online statistics collection
              • Dynamic sampling
            • Statistics management
              • Overview
              • Delete statistics
              • Set statistics
              • Import and export statistics
              • Lock and unlock statistics
              • Manage statistics history
              • Manage statistics preferences
            • Collection and update strategies of statistics for partitioned tables
            • Monitoring and diagnostics for statistics collection
            • OceanBase statistics management practical guide
          • Query rewrite
            • Overview
            • Rule-based query rewrite
            • Cost-based query rewrite
          • Query optimization
            • Access path
              • Overview
              • Rule-based path selection
              • Cost-based path selection
            • Join algorithm
              • Overview
              • Join algorithms
              • Runtime filter
              • Join order
          • Manage execution plans
            • Optimizer hints
            • Plan binding
            • SPM plan management
        • Glossary
        • General issues in SQL tuning
    • Perform testing
      • OceanBase Sysbench testing
        • Run the Sysbench benchmark test with OceanBase Database
        • Sysbench test report of OceanBase Database
        • High-performance parameter configuration for OceanBase Sysbench
        • Analyze OceanBase Sysbench performance issues
      • OceanBase TPC-C testing
        • Run the TPC-C benchmark test with OceanBase Database
        • TPC-C test report of OceanBase Database
      • OceanBase TPC-DS testing
        • Run the TPC-DS benchmark test with OceanBase Database
        • TPC-DS test report of OceanBase Database
      • OceanBase TPC-H testing
        • Run the TPC-H benchmark test with OceanBase Database
        • TPC-H test report of OceanBase Database
    • Database proxy
      • OceanBase Database Proxy
      • Connection and routing
      • ODP
        • Overview
        • Manage ODP clusters
          • Create an ODP cluster
          • Manage ODP cluster parameters
          • Delete an ODP cluster
          • Upgrade all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Restart all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Manage OceanBase clusters connected to an ODP cluster
          • Monitor ODP cluster performance
        • Manage ODP
          • Add an ODP
          • Start an ODP
          • Refresh ODP configurations
          • Stop an ODP
          • Restart an ODP
          • Delete an ODP
          • Upgrade one or more ODPs
        • ODP startup parameters
      • Physical connections
      • Logical connection
        • Query all sessions
        • Query the details of a session
        • Query the metrics of a session
        • Query session variables
        • Terminate a server session
      • Route management
        • Table-based routing of ODP
        • LDC-based routing
        • ODP routing policy
          • Read/Write splitting
          • Follower-first read
          • Blocklist mechanism
          • Transaction routing
      • View tenant sessions
      • Terminate a tenant session
      • Set the maximum number of connections for a tenant
    • Drivers
      • ECOB
      • OBCI
      • OceanBase Connector/J
      • OceanBase Connector/C
      • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
    • Platforms
      • OMA
      • OMS
      • OCP
      • ODC
      • OAT
    • Components & tools
      • O&M management
        • obshell
          • Overview
          • Use cases
            • obshell management
              • Start or stop obshell
              • Upgrade obshell
            • cluster management
              • Deploy an OceanBase cluster
              • Take over an OceanBase cluster not deployed by obshell
              • Start an OceanBase cluster
              • Stop an OceanBase cluster
              • Use obshell to scale out an OceanBase cluster
              • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
              • Initiate a cluster-level backup
            • Tenant management
              • Create a tenant
              • Initiate a tenant-level backup
              • Initiate tenant-level restore
              • Expand a tenant
            • Configure an OBServer node to start automatically on boot
          • obshell commands
            • Agent commands of obshell
            • Cluster commands of obshell
            • obshell unit commands
            • obshell resource pool commands
            • Tenant command group of obshell
            • Task commands of obshell
            • Backup commands in obshell
            • obshell restore command group
            • obshell recyclebin command group
          • API references
            • obshell API requests
            • Hybrid encryption for API operations
            • obshell management
              • AgentUpgradeCheck
              • UpgradeAgent
              • QueryNodeStatus
            • cluster management
              • AddNodeBeforeClusterInitialization
              • DeleteNodeBeforeClusterInitialization
              • SetClusterConfig
              • SetServerConfig
              • InitializeCluster
              • StartCluster
              • StopCluster
              • ObUpgradeCheck
              • UpgradeOb
              • AddNode
              • GetObInfo
            • Unit config management
              • Create a resource specification
              • Retrieve all resource specifications
              • Query the information of a specified resource specification
              • Delete a resource specification
            • Resource pool management
              • Get information about all resource pools
              • Delete a specified resource pool
            • Tenant management
              • Create a tenant
              • Query tenant information
              • Change the tenant password
              • Modify the access whitelist of a tenant
              • Modify the primary zone of a tenant
              • Modify tenant system variables
              • Modify tenant configurations
              • Rename a tenant
              • Delete a tenant
              • Add a tenant replica
              • Modify a tenant replica
              • Delete a tenant replica
              • Lock a tenant
              • Unlock a tenant
              • Get an overview of all tenants
              • Query a system variable of a specified tenant
              • Fuzzy query tenant system variables
              • Query a tenant parameter
              • Fuzzy query tenant parameters
            • Backup management
              • Set the backup configuration for a tenant
              • Set cluster-level backup configurations
              • Update the backup configuration of a tenant
              • Update the cluster-level backup configuration
              • Initiate a backup for a single tenant
              • Initiate a cluster-level backup
              • View information about a backup task for a tenant
              • View cluster-level backup tasks
              • Modify the backup status of a tenant
              • Modify the status of cluster-level backups
              • Modify the log archiving status of a tenant
              • Modify the log archiving status of a cluster
            • Restore management
              • Initiate tenant restore
              • View tenant recovery
              • Cancel tenant restore
            • Recycle bin management
              • Query all tenant information in the recycle bin
              • Restore a tenant from the recycle bin
              • Clear a tenant from the recycle bin
            • Task management
              • OperateDag
              • GetDagDetails
              • GetNodeDetails
              • GetSubtaskDetails
              • QueryUnfinishedTasks
              • QueryUnfinishedAgentTasks
              • QueryUnfinishedObTasks
              • QueryLastObTask
              • QueryLastAgentTask
            • Other APIs
              • UploadPkg
              • GetPublicKey
          • SDK references
            • Python
              • Quick start
              • obshell management
                • Perform an agent upgrade check
                • Upgrade agents
                • Query the status of a node
              • cluster management
                • Add a node before cluster initialization
                • Remove a node before cluster initialization
                • Set cluster-level configurations
                • Set server-level configurations
                • Initialize a cluster
                • Start a cluster
                • Stop a cluster
                • Perform an OceanBase Database upgrade check
                • Upgrade OceanBase Database
                • Scale out a cluster
                • Query the information about a cluster
                • Clean up obshell nodes in an uninitialized cluster
                • Create a cluster
              • Unit config management
                • Create a resource specification
                • Obtain information about all resource specifications
                • Query information about a specified resource unit
                • Delete a resource specification
              • Resource pool management
                • Get information about all resource pools
                • Delete a resource pool
              • Tenant management
                • Create a tenant
                • Query tenant information
                • Change the password of a tenant
                • Modify the access whitelist of a tenant
                • Modify the primary zone of a tenant
                • Modify tenant system variables
                • Modify tenant parameters
                • Rename a tenant
                • Drop a tenant
                • Add a tenant replica
                • Modify a tenant replica
                • Delete a tenant replica
                • Lock a tenant
                • Unlock a tenant
                • Query the overview of all tenants
                • Query tenant system variables
                • Query tenant configuration items
              • Backup management
                • Configure the backup settings for a tenant
                • Configure cluster-level backup settings
                • Update the backup configuration of a tenant
                • Update cluster-level backup configuration
                • Initiate a backup for a single tenant
                • Initiate a cluster-level backup
                • View a backup task of a tenant
                • View cluster-level tenant backup tasks
                • Modify the backup status of a tenant
                • Modify the status of cluster-level backups
                • Change the log archiving status of a tenant
                • Modify the log archiving status of a cluster
              • Restore management
                • Restore a single tenant
                • View tenant recovery
                • Cancel tenant restoration
              • Recycle bin management
                • Get information about all tenants in the recycle bin
                • Restore a tenant from the recycle bin
                • Purge a tenant from the recycle bin
              • Task management
                • Operate a task
                • Obtain the information about a task
                • Obtain the information about a node
                • Obtain the information about a subtask
                • Query all unfinished tasks
                • Query unfinished agent tasks
                • Query unfinished OceanBase cluster tasks
                • Query the last O&M task in an OceanBase cluster
                • Query the last O&M task of an obshell node
              • Other APIs
                • Upload an RPM package
            • GO
              • Quick Start with obshell-sdk-go
              • obshell management
                • Perform an agent upgrade check
                • Upgrade agents
                • Query the status of a node
              • cluster management
                • Add a node before cluster initialization
                • Remove a node before cluster initialization
                • Set cluster-level configurations
                • Set server-level configurations
                • Initialize a cluster
                • Start a cluster
                • Stop a cluster
                • Perform an OceanBase Database upgrade check
                • Upgrade OceanBase Database
                • Scale out a cluster
                • Query the information about a cluster
                • Clean up obshell nodes in an uninitialized cluster
                • Create a cluster
              • Unit config management
                • Create a resource unit configuration
                • Query all resource specifications
                • Query the specifications of a specified resource
                • Drop a resource unit configuration
              • Resource pool management
                • Get information about all resource pools
                • Drop a resource pool
              • Tenant management
                • Create a tenant
                • Query tenant information
                • Change a tenant password
                • Modify the tenant access whitelist
                • Modify the primary zone of a tenant
                • Modify tenant system variables
                • Modify tenant parameters
                • Rename a tenant
                • Drop a tenant
                • Add a tenant replica
                • Modify a tenant replica
                • Delete a tenant replica
                • Lock a tenant
                • Unlock a tenant
                • Query the overview of all tenants
                • Query tenant system variables
                • Query tenant configuration items
              • Backup management
                • Set the backup configuration for a tenant
                • Set the cluster-level backup configuration
                • Update the backup configuration for a tenant
                • Update the cluster-level backup configuration
                • Initiate a backup for a single tenant
                • Initiate a cluster-level backup
                • View a backup task for a tenant
                • View cluster-level tenant backup tasks
                • Modify the backup status of a tenant
                • Modify the status of a cluster-level backup
                • Change the log archiving status of a tenant
                • Modify the status of cluster-level log archiving
              • Restore management
                • Initiate a restore for a single tenant
                • View tenant recovery
                • Cancel tenant restore
              • Recycle bin management
                • Get information about all tenants in the recycle bin
                • Restore a tenant from the recycle bin
                • Purge tenants from the recycle bin
              • Task management
                • Operate a task
                • Obtain the information about a task
                • Obtain the information about a node
                • Obtain the information about a subtask
                • Query all unfinished tasks
                • Query unfinished agent tasks
                • Query unfinished OceanBase cluster tasks
                • Query the last O&M task in an OceanBase cluster
                • Query the last O&M task of an obshell node
              • Other APIs
                • Upload an RPM package
        • obd
        • ob_admin
          • Overview
          • clog
            • log_tool
            • Format of clogs
            • Transaction logs
          • Backup and restore
            • dump_backup
            • test_io_device
            • io_adapter_benchmark
          • dumpsst
        • ob-operator
        • ob_error
      • Monitoring and diagnostics
        • obdiag
        • sql_diagnoser
          • Overview
          • Install and use SQL diagnoser sql_diagnoser
            • Install sql_diagnoser
            • Use sql_diagnoser
          • sql_diagnoser parameters
            • Built-in diagnostic items
            • Diagnostic rule expression
            • API operations
            • Diagnostic items of SQL review
      • Log analysis
        • oblogminer
          • Overview
          • Install oblogminer
          • Command-line options
          • Examples
          • FAQ
      • Data integration
        • obloader and obdumper
        • oblogproxy
        • obcdc
          • OceanBase Binlog Service
          • obcdc parameters
            • Sample configuration file
            • General obcdc parameters
            • obcdc parameters
          • obcdc development instructions
          • obcdc_tailf
          • Throttling
          • obcdc allowlist and blocklist
          • Incremental direct load in obcdc
          • FAQ
      • Stress testing tools
        • mysqltest
          • Use obd.sh to run mysqltest
          • Use of cases
            • Add a test case
            • Test case writing conventions
            • General test case writing commands
    • OceanBase plugin
      • Overview of OceanBase plugin
      • Tokenizer plugin
  • FAQ
    • Products
    • FAQ about SQL statements
    • Deployment
    • Cluster management
    • High availability
    • FAQ about columnstores
  • Release Notes
    • Version number guidelines
    • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • V4.3
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.3.5
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.3.3
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.3.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.3.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.3.0
      • V4.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.2.5
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.2.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.2.0
      • V4.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.1.0
      • V3.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.4
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.3
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.0
      • V3.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.1.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.1.1
      • V2.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.77
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.76
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.30
    • OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • V4.3
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.5
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.3
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.2
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.0
      • V4.2
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.2.5
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.2.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.2.0
      • V4.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.1.0
      • V4.0
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.0.0
      • V3.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.5
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.4
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.3
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.2
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.1
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Monitor historical session performance

Last Updated:2026-04-09 02:53:55  Updated
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What is on this page
View historical session data
View statistics of historical sessions
View the time model statistics
View SQLSTAT data
Query the information about resource groups
References

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Workload Repository (WR) periodically collects data from performance views. It persists and displays the collected active session history (ASH) data, statistics, wait events, and SQL execution information.

View historical session data

  • You can query the oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view to obtain the ASH data of all tenants after it is persisted.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY limit 1\G
    

    The query result is as follows:

    *************************** 1. row ***************************
                    CLUSTER_ID: 10001
                      TENANT_ID: 1002
                        SNAP_ID: 1
                        SVR_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                      SVR_PORT: 2882
                      SAMPLE_ID: 740
                    SESSION_ID: -9223372036854729597
                    SAMPLE_TIME: 2025-02-28 09:43:43.809287
                        USER_ID: 200001
                  SESSION_TYPE: 1
                  SESSION_STATE: WAITING
                        SQL_ID:
                      TRACE_ID: YB42AC1E87F8-00062F29EA381666-0-0
                      EVENT_NO: 29
                      EVENT_ID: 15102
                    TIME_WAITED: 199579
                            P1: 200000
                            P2: 0
                            P3: 0
              SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID: NULL
                      GROUP_ID: 0
                      PLAN_HASH: NULL
                      THREAD_ID: 82046
                      STMT_TYPE: NULL
                    TIME_MODEL: 0
                      IN_PARSE: N
                    IN_PL_PARSE: N
                  IN_PLAN_CACHE: N
                IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE: N
              IN_SQL_EXECUTION: N
                IN_PX_EXECUTION: N
              IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD: N
                  IN_COMMITTING: N
                IN_STORAGE_READ: N
              IN_STORAGE_WRITE: N
        IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION: N
                IN_FILTER_ROWS: N
                  IN_RPC_ENCODE: N
                  IN_RPC_DECODE: N
              IN_CONNECTION_MGR: N
                        PROGRAM: T1002_LogService
                        MODULE: LOCAL INNER SQL EXEC
                        ACTION: NULL_INNER_SQL
                      CLIENT_ID: NULL
                      BACKTRACE: NULL
                        PLAN_ID: 0
                  TM_DELTA_TIME: 739151
              TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME: 165
              TM_DELTA_DB_TIME: 165
              TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID: NULL
          IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION: N
            IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION: N
          PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID: NULL
      PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID: NULL
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME: NULL
                PLSQL_OBJECT_ID: NULL
            PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID: NULL
          PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME: NULL
            BLOCKING_SESSION_ID: NULL
                      TABLET_ID: NULL
                      PROXY_SID: -9223372036854729597
                          TX_ID: NULL
        DELTA_READ_IO_REQUESTS: 0
            DELTA_READ_IO_BYTES: 0
        DELTA_WRITE_IO_REQUESTS: 0
          DELTA_WRITE_IO_BYTES: 0
    1 row in set (0.200 sec)
    

The fields are described as follows:

Field Description
CLUSTER_ID The cluster ID.
TENANT_ID The tenant ID.
SNAP_ID The snapshot ID.
SVR_IP The IP address of the node.
SVR_PORT The port number of the node.
SAMPLE_ID The sampling ID.
SESSION_ID The ID of the session that is being sampled.
SAMPLE_TIME The sampling time.
USER_ID The user ID of the session that is being sampled.
SESSION_TYPE The session type.
  • N: FOREGROUND indicates a foreground session, that is, a user session.
  • Y: BACKGROUND indicates a background session.
SESSION_STATE The state of the session at the time of sampling.
  • EVENT_NO == 0:"ON CPU" indicates that the session is not waiting and is executing SQL logic.
  • EVENT_NO ≠ 0:"WAITTING" indicates that the session is waiting. For more information about the waiting event, see the EVENT field.
SQL_ID The SQL ID.
TRACE_ID The trace ID.
EVENT_NO The internal number of the waiting event. This field is used for cross-table queries.
EVENT_ID The ID of the waiting event.
TIME_WAITED The total waiting time of the waiting event, in microseconds (us).
P1 The value of the first parameter of the waiting event.
P2 The value of the second parameter of the waiting event.
P3 The value of the third parameter of the waiting event.
SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID The ID of the SQL operator corresponding to the sampling point. If no corresponding operator exists, the value is NULL.
GROUP_ID The group information of the sampling point.
PLAN_HASH The plan hash corresponding to the executed SQL statement.
THREAD_ID The thread ID of the active session.
STMT_TYPE The SQL type of the active session.
TIME_MODEL The information about the time model.
IN_PARSE Indicates whether the current session is performing SQL parsing at the time of sampling.
IN_PL_PARSE Indicates whether the current session is performing SQL PL parsing at the time of sampling.
IN_PLAN_CACHE Indicates whether the current session is performing plan cache operations at the time of sampling.
IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE Indicates whether the current session is performing SQL optimization at the time of sampling.
IN_SQL_EXECUTION Indicates whether the current session is performing SQL execution at the time of sampling.
IN_PX_EXECUTION Indicates whether the current session is performing parallel SQL execution at the time of sampling. If the session is in this state, it must also be in the IN_SQL_EXECUTION state.
IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD Indicates whether the current session is fetching values from an auto-increment column or a sequence at the time of sampling.
IN_COMMITTING Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the transaction commit stage.
IN_STORAGE_READ Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage read stage.
IN_STORAGE_WRITE Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage write stage.
IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the DAS remote execution stage.
IN_FILTER_ROWS Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage push-down execution stage.
IN_RPC_ENCODE The serialization operation being performed by the current SQL statement.
IN_RPC_DECODE The deserialization operation being performed by the current SQL statement.
IN_CONNECTION_MGR The link creation operation being performed by the current SQL statement.
PROGRAM The name of the program being executed at the current sampling point:
  • Background thread: the thread name, for example, observer or WrTimer.
  • Foreground thread:
    • For a normal request, it is user@client_ip (thread_name).
    • For remote execution of inner_sql, it is INNER SQL REMOTE EXEC (thread_name).
    • For DAS remote execution, it is DAS REMOTE EXEC (thread_name).
MODULE The MODULE value recorded by the current session at the time of sampling. This value is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_MODULE package.
ACTION The ACTION value recorded by the current session at the time of sampling. This value is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_ACTION package.
CLIENT_ID The CLIENT_ID value recorded by the current session at the time of sampling. This value is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.set_identifier package.
BACKTRACE A debugging field used to record the code call stack at the time of the event.
PLAN_ID The plan ID of the sampled SQL statement in the plan cache. This field is used to associate the sampling point with the plan.
TM_DELTA_TIME The time interval for calculating the time model, in microseconds
TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME The amount of time spent on the CPU during the TM_DELTA_TIME time period.
TM_DELTA_DB_TIME The amount of time spent on database calls during the TM_DELTA_TIME time period.
TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID The ID of the top-level SQL statement.
IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION The PL compilation status: Y/N
IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION The PL execution status: Y/N
PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID The OBJECT ID of the top-level PL statement.
PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID The subprogram ID of the top-level PL statement.
PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME The subprogram name of the top-level PL statement.
PLSQL_OBJECT_ID The ID of the PL object being executed.
PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID The ID of the PL subprogram being executed.
PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME The name of the PL subprogram being executed.
BLOCKING_SESSION_ID If the current session is blocked, the ID of the session that blocks the current session is displayed. At present, this field is effective only in the case of lock conflicts. It displays the ID of the session that holds the lock.
TABLET_ID The ID of the tablet being processed by the current SQL statement.
PROXY_SID The ID of the proxy session.
TX_ID The ID of the current transaction.
DELTA_READ_IO_REQUESTS The number of read operations between two sampling points.
DELTA_READ_IO_BYTES The total size of data read between two sampling points.
DELTA_WRITE_IO_REQUESTS The number of write operations between two sampling points.
DELTA_WRITE_IO_BYTES The total size of data written between two sampling points.

For more information about the oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view, see oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY.

  • Use the oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view to query the ASH data persisted for the current tenant.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY limit 1\G
    

    The query result is as follows:

    *************************** 1. row ***************************
                    CLUSTER_ID: 10001
                      TENANT_ID: 1002
                        SNAP_ID: 1
                        SVR_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                      SVR_PORT: 2882
                      SAMPLE_ID: 740
                    SESSION_ID: -9223372036854729597
                    SAMPLE_TIME: 2025-02-28 09:43:43.809287
                        USER_ID: 200001
                  SESSION_TYPE: 1
                  SESSION_STATE: WAITING
                        SQL_ID:
                      TRACE_ID: YBXXXXXXXX-000XXXXXXXXXXXX-0-0
                      EVENT_NO: 29
                      EVENT_ID: 15102
                    TIME_WAITED: 199579
                            P1: 200000
                            P2: 0
                            P3: 0
              SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID: NULL
                      GROUP_ID: 0
                      PLAN_HASH: NULL
                      THREAD_ID: 82046
                      STMT_TYPE: NULL
                    TIME_MODEL: 0
                      IN_PARSE: N
                    IN_PL_PARSE: N
                  IN_PLAN_CACHE: N
                IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE: N
              IN_SQL_EXECUTION: N
                IN_PX_EXECUTION: N
              IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD: N
                  IN_COMMITTING: N
                IN_STORAGE_READ: N
              IN_STORAGE_WRITE: N
        IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION: N
                IN_FILTER_ROWS: N
                  IN_RPC_ENCODE: N
                  IN_RPC_DECODE: N
              IN_CONNECTION_MGR: N
                        PROGRAM: T1002_LogService
                        MODULE: LOCAL INNER SQL EXEC
                        ACTION: NULL_INNER_SQL
                      CLIENT_ID: NULL
                      BACKTRACE: NULL
                        PLAN_ID: 0
                  TM_DELTA_TIME: 739151
              TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME: 165
              TM_DELTA_DB_TIME: 165
              TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID: NULL
          IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION: N
            IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION: N
          PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID: NULL
      PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID: NULL
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME: NULL
                PLSQL_OBJECT_ID: NULL
            PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID: NULL
          PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME: NULL
            BLOCKING_SESSION_ID: NULL
                      TABLET_ID: NULL
                      PROXY_SID: -9223372036854729597
                          TX_ID: NULL
        DELTA_READ_IO_REQUESTS: 0
            DELTA_READ_IO_BYTES: 0
        DELTA_WRITE_IO_REQUESTS: 0
          DELTA_WRITE_IO_BYTES: 0
    1 row in set (0.093 sec)
    

The following table describes the columns in the preceding query result.

Field Description
CLUSTER_ID The ID of the cluster.
TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
SNAP_ID The snapshot ID.
SVR_IP The IP address of the node.
SVR_PORT The port number of the node.
SAMPLE_ID The sampling ID.
SESSION_ID The ID of the sampled session.
SAMPLE_TIME The sampling time.
USER_ID The ID of the user of the sampled session.
SESSION_TYPE The type of the session.
  • N: FOREGROUND indicates a foreground session, that is, a user session.
  • Y: BACKGROUND indicates a background session.
SESSION_STATE The state of the session at the time of sampling.
  • EVENT_NO == 0:"ON CPU" indicates that the session is not waiting and is executing SQL logic.
  • EVENT_NO ≠ 0:"WAITTING" indicates that the session is waiting. For more information about the waiting content, see the EVENT field.
SQL_ID The SQL ID.
TRACE_ID TRACE_ID
EVENT_NO The internal number of the waiting event, which is used to associate with other tables.
EVENT_ID The ID of the current waiting event.
TIME_WAITED The total waiting time of the waiting event, in microseconds (us).
P1 The value of the first parameter of the waiting event.
P2 The value of the second parameter of the waiting event.
P3 The value of the third parameter of the waiting event.
SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID The ID of the SQL operator corresponding to the sampled SQL. If no corresponding operator exists, the value is NULL.
GROUP_ID The group information of the sampling point.
PLAN_HASH The plan hash corresponding to the executed SQL command.
THREAD_ID The ID of the thread where the active session is located.
STMT_TYPE The SQL type of the active session.
TIME_MODEL The information about the TIME MODEL.
IN_PARSE Indicates whether the current session is parsing an SQL statement at the time of sampling.
IN_PL_PARSE Indicates whether the current session is parsing an SQL PL statement at the time of sampling.
IN_PLAN_CACHE Indicates whether the current session is using the plan cache at the time of sampling.
IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE Indicates whether the current session is optimizing an SQL statement at the time of sampling.
IN_SQL_EXECUTION Indicates whether the current session is executing an SQL statement at the time of sampling.
IN_PX_EXECUTION Indicates whether the current session is executing an SQL statement in parallel at the time of sampling. If the session is in this state, it is also in the IN_SQL_EXECUTION state.
IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD Indicates whether the current session is fetching values from an auto-increment column or a sequence at the time of sampling.
IN_COMMITTING Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the transaction commit phase.
IN_STORAGE_READ Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage read phase.
IN_STORAGE_WRITE Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage write phase.
IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the DAS remote execution phase.
IN_FILTER_ROWS Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage push-down execution phase.
IN_RPC_ENCODE The serialization operation being performed by the current SQL.
IN_RPC_DECODE The deserialization operation being performed by the current SQL.
IN_CONNECTION_MGR The connection establishment operation being performed by the current SQL.
PROGRAM The name of the program being executed at the current sampling point:
  • Background thread: the name of the thread, for example, observer or WrTimer.
  • Foreground thread:
    • For a normal request, it is user@client_ip (thread_name).
    • For remote execution of inner_sql, it is INNER SQL REMOTE EXEC (thread_name).
    • For DAS remote execution, it is DAS REMOTE EXEC (thread_name).
MODULE The MODULE value recorded in the current session at the time of sampling. This value is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_MODULE package.
ACTION The ACTION value recorded in the current session at the time of sampling. This value is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_ACTION package.
CLIENT_ID The CLIENT_ID value recorded in the current session at the time of sampling. This value is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.set_identifier package.
BACKTRACE A debugging field used to record the code call stack at the time of the event.
PLAN_ID The plan ID of the sampled SQL in the plan cache. This ID is used to associate the sampling point with the plan.
TM_DELTA_TIME The time interval for calculating the time model, in microseconds.
TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME The amount of time spent on the CPU during the TM_DELTA_TIME period.
TM_DELTA_DB_TIME The amount of time spent on database calls during the TM_DELTA_TIME period.
TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID The ID of the top-level SQL statement.
IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION The PL compilation status: Y/N.
IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION The PL execution status: Y/N.
PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID The object ID of the top-level PL statement.
PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID The subprogram ID of the top-level PL statement.
PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME The subprogram name of the top-level PL statement.
PLSQL_OBJECT_ID The ID of the PL object being executed.
PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID The ID of the PL subprogram being executed.
PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME The name of the PL subprogram being executed.
BLOCKING_SESSION_ID If the current session is blocked, this field displays the ID of the session that blocks the current session. Currently, this field is valid only in lock conflict scenarios, and it displays the ID of the session that holds the lock.
TABLET_ID The ID of the tablet being processed by the current SQL statement.
PROXY_SID The ID of the proxy session.
TX_ID The ID of the current transaction.
DELTA_READ_IO_REQUESTS The number of read operations between two sampling points.
DELTA_READ_IO_BYTES The total size of read data between two sampling points.
DELTA_WRITE_IO_REQUESTS The number of write operations between two sampling points.
DELTA_WRITE_IO_BYTES The total size of written data between two sampling points.

For more information about the DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view, see oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY and DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY.

  • Obtain the active session history by querying the GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY limit 1\G
    

    The query result is as follows:

      *************************** 1. row ***************************
                          SVR_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                        SVR_PORT: 2882
                        SAMPLE_ID: 1912993
                      SAMPLE_TIME: 2025-03-04 10:25:06.155640
                          CON_ID: 1001
                          USER_ID: 0
                      SESSION_ID: -9223372036854729409
                    SESSION_TYPE: BACKGROUND
                    SESSION_STATE: ON CPU
                          SQL_ID: NULL
                          PLAN_ID: 0
                        TRACE_ID: NULL
                            EVENT:
                        EVENT_NO: 0
                        EVENT_ID: NULL
                          P1TEXT:
                              P1: 0
                          P2TEXT:
                              P2: 0
                          P3TEXT:
                              P3: 0
                      WAIT_CLASS: OTHER
                    WAIT_CLASS_ID: 100
                      TIME_WAITED: 0
                SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID: NULL
                        GROUP_ID: 0
                        PLAN_HASH: NULL
                        THREAD_ID: 82216
                        STMT_TYPE: NULL
                      TIME_MODEL: 0
                        IN_PARSE: N
                      IN_PL_PARSE: N
                    IN_PLAN_CACHE: N
                  IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE: N
                IN_SQL_EXECUTION: N
                  IN_PX_EXECUTION: N
                IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD: N
                    IN_COMMITTING: N
                  IN_STORAGE_READ: N
                IN_STORAGE_WRITE: N
          IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION: N
                  IN_FILTER_ROWS: N
                    IN_RPC_ENCODE: N
                    IN_RPC_DECODE: N
                IN_CONNECTION_MGR: N
                          PROGRAM: T1001_LogService
                          MODULE: LogRestoreService
                          ACTION: RemoteLogWriter
                        CLIENT_ID: NULL
                        BACKTRACE: NULL
                    TM_DELTA_TIME: 1017574
                TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME: 1017574
                TM_DELTA_DB_TIME: 1017574
                TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID: NULL
            IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION: N
              IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION: N
            PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID: NULL
        PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID: NULL
      PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME: NULL
                  PLSQL_OBJECT_ID: NULL
              PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID: NULL
            PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME: NULL
              BLOCKING_SESSION_ID: NULL
                        TABLET_ID: NULL
                        PROXY_SID: -9223372036854729409
                            TX_ID: NULL
          DELTA_READ_IO_REQUESTS: 0
              DELTA_READ_IO_BYTES: 0
          DELTA_WRITE_IO_REQUESTS: 0
            DELTA_WRITE_IO_BYTES: 0
      1 row in set (0.052 sec)
    

The following table describes the fields in the preceding query result.

Field Description
SVR_IP IP address of the server to which the sample belongs.
SVR_PORT Port number of the server to which the sample belongs.
SAMPLE_ID Unique ID of the sample.
SAMPLE_TIME Time when the sample was taken.
CON_ID Tenant ID.
USER_ID ID of the user of the session to be sampled.
SESSION_ID ID of the session to be sampled.
SESSION_TYPE Session type:
  • FOREGROUND: Foreground session, that is, a user session.
  • BACKGROUND: Background session. This value is not supported.
SESSION_STATE Session state:
  • ON CPU: The session is not waiting and is executing SQL logic.
  • WAITING: The session is waiting. For more information about the waiting event, see the EVENT field.
SQL_ID SQL ID.
PLAN_ID Plan ID of the SQL statement in the PLAN CACHE. This field is used to associate the sampling point with the plan.
TRACE_ID Trace ID of the operator.
EVENT Description of the waiting event.
EVENT_NO Internal number of the waiting event. This field is used to query other tables.
EVENT_ID ID of the current waiting event.
P1TEXT Name of parameter 1 of the waiting event. The name varies with the value of the EVENT field.
P1 Value of parameter 1 of the waiting event.
P2TEXT Name of parameter 2 of the waiting event. The name varies with the value of the EVENT field.
P2 Value of parameter 2 of the waiting event.
P3TEXT Name of parameter 3 of the waiting event. The name varies with the value of the EVENT field.
P3 Value of parameter 3 of the waiting event.
WAIT_CLASS Type of the waiting event.
WAIT_CLASS_ID ID of the type of the waiting event. This field is used to query other tables.
TIME_WAITED Total waiting time of the waiting event, in microseconds (us).
SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID Line ID of the SQL operator in the SQL plan of the session when the sample was taken.
GROUP_ID Group information of the sampling point.
PLAN_HASH Plan hash of the SQL statement being executed.
THREAD_ID Thread ID of the active session.
STMT_TYPE SQL type of the active session.
IN_PARSE Indicates whether the session is parsing an SQL statement when the sample was taken.
IN_PL_PARSE Indicates whether the session is parsing an SQL PL statement when the sample was taken.
IN_PLAN_CACHE Indicates whether the session is matching a plan in the plan cache when the sample was taken.
IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE Indicates whether the session is optimizing the SQL statement when the sample was taken.
IN_SQL_EXECUTION Indicates whether the session is executing the SQL statement when the sample was taken.
IN_PX_EXECUTION Indicates whether the session is executing the SQL statement in parallel when the sample was taken. If the session is in this state, it must also be in the IN_SQL_EXECUTION state.
IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD Indicates whether the session is fetching values from an auto-increment column or a sequence when the sample was taken.
IN_COMMITTING Indicates whether the sampling point is in the transaction commit stage.
IN_STORAGE_READ Indicates whether the sampling point is in the storage read stage.
IN_STORAGE_WRITE Indicates whether the sampling point is in the storage write stage.
IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION Indicates whether the sampling point is in the DAS remote execution stage.
IN_FILTER_ROWS Indicates whether the sampling point is in the storage push-down execution stage.
IN_RPC_ENCODE Indicates whether the current SQL statement is being serialized.
IN_RPC_DECODE Indicates whether the current SQL statement is being deserialized.
IN_CONNECTION_MGR Indicates whether the current SQL statement is being established.
PROGRAM Name of the program being executed at the sampling point:
  • Background thread: the thread name, for example, observer or WrTimer.
  • Foreground thread:
    • For a normal request, the format is user@client_ip (thread_name).
    • For an inner_sql remote execution, the format is INNER SQL REMOTE EXEC (thread_name).
    • For a DAS remote execution, the format is DAS REMOTE EXEC (thread_name).
MODULE MODULE value recorded at the sampling point. This value is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_MODULE package.
ACTION ACTION value recorded at the sampling point. This value is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_ACTION package.
CLIENT_ID CLIENT_ID value recorded at the sampling point. This value is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.set_identifier package.
BACKTRACE Auxiliary debugging field used to record the code call stack when an event occurs. The value of this field is always NULL.
TM_DELTA_TIME Time interval for calculating the time model, in microseconds.
TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME Amount of time spent on the CPU in the TM_DELTA_TIME time interval.
TM_DELTA_DB_TIME Amount of time spent on database calls in the TM_DELTA_TIME time interval.
TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID ID of the top-level SQL statement.
IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION PL compilation status: Y/N.
IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION PL execution status: Y/N.
PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID Object ID of the top-level PL statement.
PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID Subprogram ID of the top-level PL statement.
PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME Subprogram name of the top-level PL statement.
PLSQL_OBJECT_ID Object ID of the PL statement being executed.
PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID Subprogram ID of the PL statement being executed.
PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME Subprogram name of the PL statement being executed.
BLOCKING_SESSION_ID If the current session is blocked, the ID of the session that blocks the current session. This field is valid only in the lock conflict scenario, and displays the ID of the session that holds the lock.
TABLET_ID ID of the tablet being processed by the current SQL statement.
PROXY_SID ID of the proxy session.
TX_ID ID of the current transaction.
DELTA_READ_IO_REQUESTS Number of read requests between two sampling points.
DELTA_READ_IO_BYTES Total size of read files between two sampling points.
DELTA_WRITE_IO_REQUESTS Number of write requests between two sampling points.
DELTA_WRITE_IO_BYTES Total size of written files between two sampling points.
For more information about the `GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY` view, see [GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY](../../../700.system-views/400.system-view-of-mysql-mode/300.performance-view-of-mysql-mode/400.gv-ob_active_session_history-of-mysql-mode.md).
  • Use the V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view to view the history of active sessions.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY limit 1\G
    

    The query result is as follows:

    *************************** 1. row ***************************
                        SVR_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                      SVR_PORT: 2882
                      SAMPLE_ID: 1919434
                    SAMPLE_TIME: 2025-03-04 10:44:17.593988
                        CON_ID: 1001
                        USER_ID: 0
                    SESSION_ID: -9223372036854729409
                  SESSION_TYPE: BACKGROUND
                  SESSION_STATE: ON CPU
                        SQL_ID: NULL
                        PLAN_ID: 0
                      TRACE_ID: NULL
                          EVENT:
                      EVENT_NO: 0
                      EVENT_ID: NULL
                        P1TEXT:
                            P1: 0
                        P2TEXT:
                            P2: 0
                        P3TEXT:
                            P3: 0
                    WAIT_CLASS: OTHER
                  WAIT_CLASS_ID: 100
                    TIME_WAITED: 0
              SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID: NULL
                      GROUP_ID: 0
                      PLAN_HASH: NULL
                      THREAD_ID: 82216
                      STMT_TYPE: NULL
                    TIME_MODEL: 0
                      IN_PARSE: N
                    IN_PL_PARSE: N
                  IN_PLAN_CACHE: N
                IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE: N
              IN_SQL_EXECUTION: N
                IN_PX_EXECUTION: N
              IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD: N
                  IN_COMMITTING: N
                IN_STORAGE_READ: N
              IN_STORAGE_WRITE: N
        IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION: N
                IN_FILTER_ROWS: N
                  IN_RPC_ENCODE: N
                  IN_RPC_DECODE: N
              IN_CONNECTION_MGR: N
                        PROGRAM: T1001_LogService
                        MODULE: LogRestoreService
                        ACTION: RemoteLogWriter
                      CLIENT_ID: NULL
                      BACKTRACE: NULL
                  TM_DELTA_TIME: 1017436
              TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME: 1017436
              TM_DELTA_DB_TIME: 1017436
              TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID: NULL
          IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION: N
            IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION: N
          PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID: NULL
      PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID: NULL
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME: NULL
                PLSQL_OBJECT_ID: NULL
            PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID: NULL
          PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME: NULL
            BLOCKING_SESSION_ID: NULL
                      TABLET_ID: NULL
                      PROXY_SID: -9223372036854729409
                          TX_ID: NULL
        DELTA_READ_IO_REQUESTS: 0
            DELTA_READ_IO_BYTES: 0
        DELTA_WRITE_IO_REQUESTS: 0
          DELTA_WRITE_IO_BYTES: 0
    1 row in set (0.026 sec)
    

The following table describes the fields in the preceding query result.

Field Description
SVR_IP IP address of the server to which the sample belongs
SVR_PORT Port number of the server to which the sample belongs
SAMPLE_ID Unique ID of the sample
SAMPLE_TIME Time when the sample was collected
CON_ID Tenant ID
USER_ID ID of the user in the session from which the sample was collected
SESSION_ID ID of the session from which the sample was collected
SESSION_TYPE Session type:
  • FOREGROUND: Foreground session, that is, user session
  • BACKGROUND: Background session. This value is not supported.
SESSION_STATE Session state:
  • ON CPU: The session is not waiting and is executing SQL logic.
  • WAITING: The session is waiting. For more information, see the EVENT field.
SQL_ID SQL ID
PLAN_ID ID of the plan in the plan cache to which the sample belongs. This ID is used to associate the sample with the plan.
TRACE_ID Trace ID of the operator
EVENT Description of the wait event
EVENT_NO Internal ID of the wait event. This ID is used to associate the wait event with other tables.
EVENT_ID ID of the wait event
P1TEXT Name of parameter 1 of the wait event. The name varies depending on the value of the EVENT field.
P1 Value of parameter 1 of the wait event
P2TEXT Name of parameter 2 of the wait event. The name varies depending on the value of the EVENT field.
P2 Value of parameter 2 of the wait event
P3TEXT Name of parameter 3 of the wait event. The name varies depending on the value of the EVENT field.
P3 Value of parameter 3 of the wait event
WAIT_CLASS Type of the wait event
WAIT_CLASS_ID ID of the type of the wait event. This ID is used to associate the wait event with other tables.
TIME_WAITED Total wait time of the wait event, in microseconds (us)
SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID ID of the SQL operator in the SQL plan of the session when the sample was collected
GROUP_ID Group information of the sample point
PLAN_HASH Plan hash of the SQL command currently being executed
THREAD_ID ID of the thread in which the active session resides
STMT_TYPE SQL type of the active session
IN_PARSE Indicates whether the session was parsing SQL when the sample was collected.
IN_PL_PARSE Indicates whether the session was parsing SQL PL when the sample was collected.
IN_PLAN_CACHE Indicates whether the session was matching a plan in the plan cache when the sample was collected.
IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE Indicates whether the session was optimizing SQL when the sample was collected.
IN_SQL_EXECUTION Indicates whether the session was executing SQL when the sample was collected.
IN_PX_EXECUTION Indicates whether the session was executing SQL in parallel when the sample was collected. If the session is in this state, it must also be in the IN_SQL_EXECUTION state.
IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD Indicates whether the session was retrieving values from an auto-increment column or a sequence when the sample was collected.
IN_COMMITTING Indicates whether the sample was collected during transaction commit.
IN_STORAGE_READ Indicates whether the sample was collected during storage read.
IN_STORAGE_WRITE Indicates whether the sample was collected during storage write.
IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION Indicates whether the sample was collected during DAS remote execution.
IN_FILTER_ROWS Indicates whether the sample was collected during storage pushdown execution.
IN_RPC_ENCODE Serialization operation currently being performed on the SQL statement
IN_RPC_DECODE Deserialization operation currently being performed on the SQL statement
IN_CONNECTION_MGR Connection operation currently being performed on the SQL statement
PROGRAM Name of the program being executed at the sample point:
  • Background thread: Name of the thread, for example, observer or WrTimer.
  • Foreground thread:
    • For a normal request, the value is user@client_ip (thread_name).
    • For a remote execution of inner_sql, the value is INNER SQL REMOTE EXEC (thread_name).
    • For a DAS remote execution, the value is DAS REMOTE EXEC (thread_name).
MODULE Value of the MODULE field recorded when the sample was collected. This value is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_MODULE package.
ACTION Value of the ACTION field recorded when the sample was collected. This value is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_ACTION package.
CLIENT_ID Value of the CLIENT_ID field recorded when the sample was collected. This value is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.set_identifier package.
BACKTRACE Auxiliary debugging field used to record the code call stack when the event occurred. The value of this field is always NULL.
TM_DELTA_TIME Time interval for calculating the time model, in microseconds
TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME Amount of time spent on the CPU during the TM_DELTA_TIME period
TM_DELTA_DB_TIME Amount of time spent on database calls during the TM_DELTA_TIME period
TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID ID of the top-level SQL statement
IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION PL compilation status: Y/N
IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION PL execution status: Y/N
PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID ID of the top-level PL object
PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID ID of the top-level PL subprogram
PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME Name of the top-level PL subprogram
PLSQL_OBJECT_ID ID of the PL object currently being executed
PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID ID of the PL subprogram currently being executed
PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME Name of the PL subprogram currently being executed
BLOCKING_SESSION_ID If the current session is blocked, the ID of the session that blocks the current session. This field is valid only in the case of lock conflicts. It displays the ID of the session that holds the lock.
TABLET_ID ID of the tablet being processed by the current SQL statement
PROXY_SID ID of the proxy session
TX_ID ID of the current transaction
DELTA_READ_IO_REQUESTS Number of read requests between two samples
DELTA_READ_IO_BYTES Total size of read files between two samples
DELTA_WRITE_IO_REQUESTS Number of write requests between two samples
DELTA_WRITE_IO_BYTES Total size of written files between two samples

For more information about the V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view, see V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY.

View statistics of historical sessions

  • To view the names of all system statistics of all tenants, query the oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME view.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME limit 1;
    

    The query result is as follows:

      +------------+-----------+---------+---------------+
      | CLUSTER_ID | TENANT_ID | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME     |
      +------------+-----------+---------+---------------+
      |       4000 |         1 |   10000 | rpc packet in |
      +------------+-----------+---------+---------------+
      1 row in set (0.001 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns in the preceding result set.

    Column Description
    CLUSTER_ID The ID of the cluster.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistic.
    STAT_NAME The name of the statistic.

    For more information about the oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME view, see oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME.

  • To view the names of system statistics of the current tenant, query the oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME view.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME limit 1;
    

    The query result is as follows:

      +------------+-----------+---------+---------------+
      | CLUSTER_ID | TENANT_ID | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME     |
      +------------+-----------+---------+---------------+
      |       4000 |         1 |   10000 | rpc packet in |
      +------------+-----------+---------+---------------+
      1 row in set (0.004 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns in the preceding result set.

    Column Description
    CLUSTER_ID The ID of the cluster.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistic.
    STAT_NAME The name of the statistic.

    For more information about the DBA_WR_STATNAME view, see oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME and DBA_WR_STATNAME.

  • To view the details of system statistics of all tenants, query the oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT view.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT limit 1;
    

    The query result is as follows:

      +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+--------+
      | CLUSTER_ID | TENANT_ID | SNAP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | VALUE  |
      +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+--------+
      |       4000 |         1 |     114 | xx.xx.xx.xx    |     2882 |   10000 | 228856 |
      +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+--------+
      1 row in set (0.036 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns in the preceding result set.

    Column Description
    CLUSTER_ID The ID of the cluster.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SNAP_ID The ID of the snapshot.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the node.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistic.
    VALUE The value of the statistic.

    For more information about the oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT view, see oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT.

  • To view the details of system statistics of the current tenant, query the oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT view.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT limit 1;
    

    The query result is as follows:

      +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+--------+
      | CLUSTER_ID | TENANT_ID | SNAP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | VALUE  |
      +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+--------+
      |       4000 |         1 |     114 | xx.xx.xx.xx    |     2882 |   10000 | 228856 |
      +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+--------+
      1 row in set (0.026 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns in the preceding result set.

    Column Description
    CLUSTER_ID The ID of the cluster.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SNAP_ID The ID of the snapshot.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the node.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistic.
    VALUE The value of the statistic.

    For more information about the DBA_WR_SYSSTAT view, see oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT and DBA_WR_SYSSTAT.

View the time model statistics

  • To view the session-level time model statistics in the cluster, query the GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL view.
  obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL LIMIT 10;

The query result is as follows:

  +---------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------+--------------------+-------+
  | SID           | TENANT_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME          | VALUE |
  +---------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------+--------------------+-------+
  | 3298534883328 |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
  | 3298534883328 |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
  | 3848290697216 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
  | 3848290697216 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
  |    3221659555 |         1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     3 |
  |    3221659555 |         1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
  | 4398046511104 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
  | 4398046511104 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
  | 4947802324992 |      1004 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
  | 4947802324992 |      1004 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
  +---------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------+--------------------+-------+
  10 rows in set

The following table describes the columns in the preceding query result.

Column Description
SID Session ID.
TENANT_ID Tenant ID.
SVR_IP Node IP address.
SVR_PORT Node port number.
STAT_ID Statistics ID.
STAT_NAME Statistics name.
VALUE Statistics value.

For more information about the GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL view, see GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL.

  • To view the session-level time model statistics on the current node, query the V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL view.
  obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL LIMIT 10;

The query result is as follows:

  +---------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------+--------------------+-------+
  | SID           | TENANT_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME          | VALUE |
  +---------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------+--------------------+-------+
  | 3298534883328 |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
  | 3298534883328 |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
  | 3848290697216 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
  | 3848290697216 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
  | 4398046511104 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
  | 4398046511104 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
  |    3221667747 |         1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
  |    3221667747 |         1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
  | 4947802324992 |      1004 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
  | 4947802324992 |      1004 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
  +---------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------+--------------------+-------+
  10 rows in set

The following table describes the columns in the preceding query result.

Column Description
SID Session ID.
TENANT_ID Tenant ID.
SVR_IP Node IP address.
SVR_PORT Node port number.
STAT_ID Statistics ID.
STAT_NAME Statistics name.
VALUE Statistics value.

For more information about the V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL view, see V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL.

  • To view the tenant-level time model statistics in the cluster, query the GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL view.
  obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL;

The query result is as follows:

  +-----------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+------------+
  | TENANT_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME               | VALUE      |
  +-----------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+------------+
  |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200001 | DB time                 |    6135115 |
  |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200002 | DB CPU                  |    5500079 |
  |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200005 | background elapsed time | 3398189713 |
  |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200006 | background cpu time     | 3088552955 |
  |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time      |     635036 |
  |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time          |      80414 |
  +-----------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+------------+
  6 rows in set

The following table describes the columns in the preceding query result.

Column Description
TENANT_ID Tenant ID.
SVR_IP Node IP address.
SVR_PORT Node port number.
STAT_ID Statistics ID.
STAT_NAME Statistics name.
VALUE Statistics value.

For more information about the GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL view, see GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL.

  • To view the tenant-level time model statistics on the current node, query the V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL view.
  obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL;

The query result is as follows:

  +-----------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+------------+
  | TENANT_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME               | VALUE      |
  +-----------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+------------+
  |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200001 | DB time                 |    6227784 |
  |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200002 | DB CPU                  |    5586418 |
  |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200005 | background elapsed time | 3399416601 |
  |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200006 | background cpu time     | 3089779843 |
  |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time      |     641366 |
  |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time          |      80414 |
  +-----------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+------------+
  6 rows in set

The following table describes the columns in the preceding query result.

Column Description
TENANT_ID Tenant ID.
SVR_IP Node IP address.
SVR_PORT Node port number.
STAT_ID Statistics ID.
STAT_NAME Statistics name.
VALUE Statistics value.

For more information about the V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL view, see V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL.

  • To view the WR data of the time model statistics for all tenants, query the oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL view.
  obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL LIMIT 10;

The query result is as follows:

  +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+
  | CLUSTER_ID | TENANT_ID | SNAP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME               | VALUE     |
  +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+
  |      10001 |      1002 |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200001 | DB time                 |     34505 |
  |      10001 |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200001 | DB time                 |     34505 |
  |      10001 |      1002 |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200002 | DB CPU                  |      1966 |
  |      10001 |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200002 | DB CPU                  |      1966 |
  |      10001 |      1002 |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200005 | background elapsed time | 233110335 |
  |      10001 |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200005 | background elapsed time | 116267272 |
  |      10001 |      1002 |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200006 | background cpu time     | 209738761 |
  |      10001 |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200006 | background cpu time     | 104674501 |
  |      10001 |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time      |     32539 |
  |      10001 |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time          |         0 |
  +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+
  10 rows in set

The following table describes the columns in the preceding query result.

Column Description
CLUSTER_ID Cluster ID.
TENANT_ID Tenant ID.
SNAP_ID Snapshot ID.
SVR_IP Node IP address.
SVR_PORT Node port number.
STAT_ID Statistics ID.
STAT_NAME Statistics name.
VALUE Statistics value.

For more information about the oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL view, see oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL.

  • To view the WR data of the time model statistics for the current tenant, query the oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL view.
  obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL LIMIT 10;

The query result is as follows:

  +---------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+
  | SNAP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME               | VALUE     |
  +---------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+
  |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200001 | DB time                 |     34505 |
  |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200001 | DB time                 |     34505 |
  |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200002 | DB CPU                  |      1966 |
  |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200002 | DB CPU                  |      1966 |
  |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200005 | background elapsed time | 233110335 |
  |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200005 | background elapsed time | 116267272 |
  |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200006 | background cpu time     | 209738761 |
  |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200006 | background cpu time     | 104674501 |
  |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time      |     32539 |
  |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time          |         0 |
  +---------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+
  10 rows in set

The following table describes the columns in the preceding query result.

Field Description
SNAP_ID The snapshot ID.
SVR_IP The IP address of the node.
SVR_PORT The port number of the node.
STAT_ID The ID of the statistic.
STAT_NAME The name of the statistic.
VALUE The value of the statistic.

For more information about the DBA_WR_STATNAME view, see oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL and DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL.

View SQLSTAT data

  • Use the GV$OB_SQLSTAT view to query the basic performance statistics of SQL statements in a cluster.

Each SQL statement corresponds to a row (i.e., each unique combination of SQL_ID and Plan_Hash). The fields with _DELTA in their names indicate the incremental values from the last WR snapshot to the current time.

  obclient(root@mysql001)[(none)]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.GV$OB_SQLSTAT LIMIT 1\G

The query result is as follows:

  *************************** 1. row ***************************
                        SVR_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                      SVR_PORT: 2882
                      TENANT_ID: 1002
                        SQL_ID: D9EB4937E65F94AA38F6B0FE72B06D13
                        PLAN_ID: 7
                      PLAN_HASH: 12254811659671915614
                      PLAN_TYPE: 1
                      QUERY_SQL: SELECT column_value FROM __all_core_table WHERE TABLE_NAME = ? AND COLUMN_NAME = ?
                      SQL_TYPE: 1
                        MODULE: NULL
                        ACTION: NULL
                  PARSING_DB_ID: 201001
                PARSING_DB_NAME: oceanbase
                PARSING_USER_ID: 200001
              EXECUTIONS_TOTAL: 4076
              EXECUTIONS_DELTA: 509
              DISK_READS_TOTAL: 0
              DISK_READS_DELTA: 0
              BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL: 1377
              BUFFER_GETS_DELTA: 0
            ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL: 899938
            ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA: 112107
                CPU_TIME_TOTAL: 0
                CPU_TIME_DELTA: 0
                  CCWAIT_TOTAL: 0
                  CCWAIT_DELTA: 0
              USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL: 0
              USERIO_WAIT_DELTA: 0
                  APWAIT_TOTAL: 0
                  APWAIT_DELTA: 0
  PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL: 332
  PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA: 0
      PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL: 5255494
      PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA: 0
          WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL: 0
          WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA: 0
          ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL: 4075
          ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA: 509
      MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 28525
      MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 3563
  MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
  MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
  MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
  MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
                      RPC_TOTAL: 0
                      RPC_DELTA: 0
                  FETCHES_TOTAL: 0
                  FETCHES_DELTA: 0
                    RETRY_TOTAL: 0
                    RETRY_DELTA: 0
                PARTITION_TOTAL: 4076
                PARTITION_DELTA: 509
              NESTED_SQL_TOTAL: 0
              NESTED_SQL_DELTA: 0
                      SOURCE_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                    SOURCE_PORT: 2882
              ROUTE_MISS_TOTAL: 0
              ROUTE_MISS_DELTA: 0
                FIRST_LOAD_TIME: 2025-10-30 10:41:10.408270
          PLAN_CACHE_HIT_TOTAL: 4075
          PLAN_CACHE_HIT_DELTA: 509
              MUTI_QUERY_TOTAL: 0
              MUTI_QUERY_DELTA: 0
        MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_TOTAL: 0
        MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_DELTA: 0
          FULL_TABLE_SCAN_TOTAL: 0
          FULL_TABLE_SCAN_DELTA: 0
              ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL: 1
              ERROR_COUNT_DELTA: 0
  1 row in set (0.008 sec)

The following table describes the fields in the query result:

Field Description
SVR_IP The IP address of the node.
SVR_PORT The port number of the node.
TENANT_ID The tenant ID.
SQL_ID The SQL statement ID.
PLAN_ID The execution plan ID.
PLAN_HASH The hash value of the execution plan.
PLAN_TYPE For SQL plan caching, this field indicates the type of the plan:
  • 1: Local Plan
  • 2: Remote Plan
  • 3: Distributed Plan

For PL object caching, this field indicates the type of the PL object:
  • 1: Procedure
  • 2: Function
  • 3: Package
  • 4: Anonymous Block
QUERY_SQL The full SQL text.
SQL_TYPE The statement type.
MODULE The application module of the statement when it was first parsed. This module is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_MODULE package.
ACTION The application action of the statement when it was first parsed. This action is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_ACTION package.
PARSING_DB_ID The database ID when the statement was parsed.
PARSING_DB_NAME The database name when the statement was parsed.
PARSING_USER_ID The user ID when the statement was parsed.
EXECUTIONS_TOTAL The total number of times the plan was executed in the plan cache.
EXECUTIONS_DELTA The incremental number of times the plan was executed in the plan cache.
DISK_READS_TOTAL The total number of disk reads.
DISK_READS_DELTA The incremental number of disk reads.
BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL The total number of logical reads from the cache.
BUFFER_GETS_DELTA The incremental number of logical reads from the cache.
ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL The total time consumed by the statement. In parallel execution scenarios, this value is the sum of the values for each execution thread.
ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA The incremental time consumed by the statement.
CPU_TIME_TOTAL The total CPU time consumed.
CPU_TIME_DELTA The incremental CPU time consumed.
CCWAIT_TOTAL The total time consumed by concurrency-related wait events.
CCWAIT_DELTA The incremental time consumed by concurrency-related wait events.
USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL The total time consumed by I/O waits.
USERIO_WAIT_DELTA The incremental time consumed by I/O waits.
APWAIT_TOTAL The total time consumed by application-related wait events.
APWAIT_DELTA The incremental time consumed by application-related wait events.
PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL The total number of physical read requests.
PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA The incremental number of physical read requests.
PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL The total number of bytes read from physical storage.
PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA The incremental number of bytes read from physical storage.
WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL The total time consumed by throttling when writing data to the MemStore.
WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA The incremental time consumed by throttling when writing data to the MemStore.
ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL The total number of rows processed by the statement.
ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA The incremental number of rows processed by the statement.
MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the MemStore.
MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the MemStore.
MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the MINOR SSStore.
MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the MINOR SSStore.
MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the MAJOR SSStore.
MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the MAJOR SSStore.
RPC_TOTAL The total number of RPCs.
RPC_DELTA The incremental number of RPCs.
FETCHES_TOTAL The total number of result set fetches.
FETCHES_DELTA The incremental number of result set fetches.
RETRY_TOTAL The total number of SQL retries.
RETRY_DELTA The incremental number of SQL retries.
PARTITION_TOTAL The total number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement.
PARTITION_DELTA The incremental number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement.
NESTED_SQL_TOTAL The total number of nested SQL statements executed. This value increases by 1 for each nested SQL statement executed.
NESTED_SQL_DELTA The incremental number of nested SQL statements executed.
SOURCE_IP The IP address of the request source.
SOURCE_PORT The port number of the request source.
ROUTE_MISS_TOTAL The total number of times the request partition was not correctly hit since the execution plan was generated.
ROUTE_MISS_DELTA The total number of times the request partition was not correctly hit since the last WR snapshot was collected.
FIRST_LOAD_TIME The time when the execution plan was generated.
PLAN_CACHE_HIT_TOTAL The total number of times the plan cache was hit since the execution plan was generated.
PLAN_CACHE_HIT_DELTA The number of times the plan cache was hit since the last WR snapshot was collected.
MUTI_QUERY_TOTAL The number of times the SQL statement was in a multi-query since the execution plan was generated.
MUTI_QUERY_DELTA The number of times the SQL statement was in a multi-query since the last WR snapshot was collected.
MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_TOTAL The number of times the SQL batch was executed in a multi-query since the execution plan was generated.
MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_DELTA The number of times the SQL batch was executed in a multi-query since the last WR snapshot was collected.
FULL_TABLE_SCAN_TOTAL The number of full table scans performed by the SQL statement since the execution plan was generated.
FULL_TABLE_SCAN_DELTA The number of full table scans performed by the SQL statement since the last WR snapshot was collected.
ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL The number of errors reported by the SQL statement since the execution plan was generated.
ERROR_COUNT_DELTA The number of errors reported by the SQL statement since the last WR snapshot was collected.

For more information about the GV$OB_SQLSTAT view, see GV$OB_SQLSTAT.

  • Use the V$OB_SQLSTAT view to view the basic performance statistics of SQL statements on the current node.

Each row corresponds to an SQL statement (i.e., each unique combination of SQL_ID and Plan_Hash). The fields with _DELTA in their names indicate the incremental values from the last WR snapshot collection to the current time.

  obclient(root@mysql001)[(none)]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.V$OB_SQLSTAT LIMIT 1\G

The query result is as follows:

  *************************** 1. row ***************************
                        SVR_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                      SVR_PORT: 2882
                      TENANT_ID: 1002
                        SQL_ID: D9EB4937E65F94AA38F6B0FE72B06D13
                        PLAN_ID: 7
                      PLAN_HASH: 12254811659671915614
                      PLAN_TYPE: 1
                      QUERY_SQL: SELECT column_value FROM __all_core_table WHERE TABLE_NAME = ? AND COLUMN_NAME = ?
                      SQL_TYPE: 1
                        MODULE: NULL
                        ACTION: NULL
                  PARSING_DB_ID: 201001
                PARSING_DB_NAME: oceanbase
                PARSING_USER_ID: 200001
              EXECUTIONS_TOTAL: 4100
              EXECUTIONS_DELTA: 533
              DISK_READS_TOTAL: 0
              DISK_READS_DELTA: 0
              BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL: 1896
              BUFFER_GETS_DELTA: 0
            ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL: 905176
            ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA: 117345
                CPU_TIME_TOTAL: 0
                CPU_TIME_DELTA: 0
                  CCWAIT_TOTAL: 0
                  CCWAIT_DELTA: 0
              USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL: 0
              USERIO_WAIT_DELTA: 0
                  APWAIT_TOTAL: 0
                  APWAIT_DELTA: 0
  PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL: 54
  PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA: 0
      PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL: 131546
      PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA: 0
          WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL: 0
          WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA: 0
          ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL: 4099
          ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA: 533
      MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 28693
      MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 3731
  MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
  MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
  MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
  MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
                      RPC_TOTAL: 0
                      RPC_DELTA: 0
                  FETCHES_TOTAL: 0
                  FETCHES_DELTA: 0
                    RETRY_TOTAL: 0
                    RETRY_DELTA: 0
                PARTITION_TOTAL: 4100
                PARTITION_DELTA: 533
              NESTED_SQL_TOTAL: 0
              NESTED_SQL_DELTA: 0
                      SOURCE_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                    SOURCE_PORT: 2882
              ROUTE_MISS_TOTAL: 0
              ROUTE_MISS_DELTA: 0
                FIRST_LOAD_TIME: 2025-10-30 10:41:10.408270
          PLAN_CACHE_HIT_TOTAL: 4099
          PLAN_CACHE_HIT_DELTA: 533
              MUTI_QUERY_TOTAL: 0
              MUTI_QUERY_DELTA: 0
        MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_TOTAL: 0
        MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_DELTA: 0
          FULL_TABLE_SCAN_TOTAL: 0
          FULL_TABLE_SCAN_DELTA: 0
              ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL: 1
              ERROR_COUNT_DELTA: 0
  1 row in set

The following table describes the fields in the query result.

Field Description
SVR_IP The IP address of the node.
SVR_PORT The port number of the node.
TENANT_ID The tenant ID.
SQL_ID The ID of the SQL statement.
PLAN_ID The ID of the execution plan.
PLAN_HASH The hash value of the execution plan.
PLAN_TYPE For SQL plan caching, this field indicates the type of the plan:
  • 1: Local Plan
  • 2: Remote Plan
  • 3: Distributed Plan

For PL object caching, this field indicates the type of the PL object:
  • 1: Procedure
  • 2: Function
  • 3: Package
  • 4: Anonymous Block
QUERY_SQL The full text of the SQL statement.
SQL_TYPE The type of the statement.
MODULE The application module of the statement when it was first parsed. This module is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_MODULE package.
ACTION The application action of the statement when it was first parsed. This action is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_ACTION package.
PARSING_DB_ID The database ID when the statement was parsed.
PARSING_DB_NAME The name of the database when the statement was parsed.
PARSING_USER_ID The user ID when the statement was parsed.
EXECUTIONS_TOTAL The total number of times the plan was executed in the plan cache.
EXECUTIONS_DELTA The incremental number of times the plan was executed in the plan cache.
DISK_READS_TOTAL The total number of disk reads.
DISK_READS_DELTA The incremental number of disk reads.
BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL The total number of logical reads from the cache.
BUFFER_GETS_DELTA The incremental number of logical reads from the cache.
ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL The total time consumed by the statement. For parallel execution, this value is the sum of the values of each execution thread.
ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA The incremental time consumed by the statement.
CPU_TIME_TOTAL The total CPU time consumed.
CPU_TIME_DELTA The incremental CPU time consumed.
CCWAIT_TOTAL The total time consumed by concurrency-related wait events.
CCWAIT_DELTA The incremental time consumed by concurrency-related wait events.
USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL The total time consumed by I/O wait events.
USERIO_WAIT_DELTA The incremental time consumed by I/O wait events.
APWAIT_TOTAL The total time consumed by application-related wait events.
APWAIT_DELTA The incremental time consumed by application-related wait events.
PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL The total number of physical read requests.
PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA The incremental number of physical read requests.
PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL The total number of bytes read from physical storage.
PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA The incremental number of bytes read from physical storage.
WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL The total time during which the write to the MemStore is throttled.
WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA The incremental time during which the write to the MemStore is throttled.
ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL The total number of rows processed by the statement.
ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA The incremental number of rows processed by the statement.
MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the MemStore.
MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the MemStore.
MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the MINOR SSStore.
MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the MINOR SSStore.
MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the MAJOR SSStore.
MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the MAJOR SSStore.
RPC_TOTAL The total number of RPC requests.
RPC_DELTA The incremental number of RPC requests.
FETCHES_TOTAL The total number of result sets fetched.
FETCHES_DELTA The incremental number of result sets fetched.
RETRY_TOTAL The total number of SQL retries.
RETRY_DELTA The incremental number of SQL retries.
PARTITION_TOTAL The total number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement.
PARTITION_DELTA The incremental number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement.
NESTED_SQL_TOTAL The total number of nested SQL statements executed. This value increases by 1 for each executed substatement.
NESTED_SQL_DELTA The incremental number of nested SQL statements executed.
SOURCE_IP The IP address of the request source.
SOURCE_PORT The port number of the request source.
ROUTE_MISS_TOTAL The total number of times the request partition was not correctly hit since the execution plan was generated.
ROUTE_MISS_DELTA The total number of times the request partition was not correctly hit since the last WR snapshot was collected.
FIRST_LOAD_TIME The time when the execution plan was generated.
PLAN_CACHE_HIT_TOTAL The total number of times the plan cache was hit since the execution plan was generated.
PLAN_CACHE_HIT_DELTA The number of times the plan cache was hit since the last WR snapshot was collected.
MUTI_QUERY_TOTAL The number of times the SQL statement was located in a multi-query since the execution plan was generated.
MUTI_QUERY_DELTA The number of times the SQL statement was located in a multi-query since the last WR snapshot was collected.
MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_TOTAL The number of times the SQL statement was executed in a batch since the execution plan was generated.
MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_DELTA The number of times the SQL statement was executed in a batch since the last WR snapshot was collected.
FULL_TABLE_SCAN_TOTAL The number of full table scans performed by the SQL statement since the execution plan was generated.
FULL_TABLE_SCAN_DELTA The number of full table scans performed by the SQL statement since the last WR snapshot was collected.
ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL The number of errors reported by the SQL statement since the execution plan was generated.
ERROR_COUNT_DELTA The number of errors reported by the SQL statement since the last WR snapshot was collected.

For more information about the V$OB_SQLSTAT view, see V$OB_SQLSTAT.

  • You can query the oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT view to obtain the basic performance statistics of SQL statements executed by all tenants.

Each SQL statement is represented by a row (that is, each unique combination of SQL_ID and Plan_Hash corresponds to a row). The fields with _DELTA in their names indicate the incremental values from the last WR snapshot collection to the current time.

  obclient(root@sys)[(none)]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT LIMIT 1\G

The query result is as follows:

  *************************** 1. row ***************************
                      TENANT_ID: 1
                        SNAP_ID: 1
                        SVR_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                      SVR_PORT: 2882
                        SQL_ID: 02AAEF3D6A4A939843FE958984B6EA51
                      PLAN_HASH: 8470076267874576774
                      PLAN_TYPE: 1
                        MODULE: NULL
                        ACTION: NULL
                  PARSING_DB_ID: 201001
                PARSING_DB_NAME: oceanbase
                PARSING_USER_ID: 200001
              EXECUTIONS_TOTAL: 1878
              EXECUTIONS_DELTA: 1878
              DISK_READS_TOTAL: 0
              DISK_READS_DELTA: 0
              BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL: 0
              BUFFER_GETS_DELTA: 0
            ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL: 214868
            ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA: 214868
                CPU_TIME_TOTAL: 0
                CPU_TIME_DELTA: 0
                  CCWAIT_TOTAL: 0
                  CCWAIT_DELTA: 0
              USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL: 0
              USERIO_WAIT_DELTA: 0
                  APWAIT_TOTAL: 0
                  APWAIT_DELTA: 0
  PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL: 0
  PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA: 0
      PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL: 0
      PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA: 0
          WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL: 0
          WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA: 0
          ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL: 1877
          ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA: 1877
      MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 1877
      MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 1877
  MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
  MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
  MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
  MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
                      RPC_TOTAL: 0
                      RPC_DELTA: 0
                  FETCHES_TOTAL: 0
                  FETCHES_DELTA: 0
                    RETRY_TOTAL: 0
                    RETRY_DELTA: 0
                PARTITION_TOTAL: 1878
                PARTITION_DELTA: 1878
              NESTED_SQL_TOTAL: 0
              NESTED_SQL_DELTA: 0
                      SOURCE_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                    SOURCE_PORT: 2882
              ROUTE_MISS_TOTAL: 0
              ROUTE_MISS_DELTA: 0
                FIRST_LOAD_TIME: 2025-10-30 10:39:50.573624
          PLAN_CACHE_HIT_TOTAL: 1876
          PLAN_CACHE_HIT_DELTA: 1876
              MUTI_QUERY_TOTAL: 0
              MUTI_QUERY_DELTA: 0
        MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_TOTAL: 0
        MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_DELTA: 0
          FULL_TABLE_SCAN_TOTAL: 0
          FULL_TABLE_SCAN_DELTA: 0
              ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL: 0
              ERROR_COUNT_DELTA: 0
  1 row in set

The following table describes the fields in the preceding query result:

Field Description
TENANT_ID Tenant ID
SNAP_ID Snapshot ID
SVR_IP Node IP
SVR_PORT Node port number
SQL_ID SQL statement ID
PLAN_HASH Hash value of the execution plan
PLAN_ID Execution plan ID
PLAN_TYPE For SQL plan caching, this field indicates the type of the plan:
  • 1 : Local plan
  • 2 : Remote plan
  • 3 : Distributed plan

For PL object caching, this field indicates the type of the PL object:
  • 1 : Procedure
  • 2 : Function
  • 3 : Package
  • 4 : Anonymous Block
MODULE The Module of the application when the statement was first parsed. This field is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_MODULE package.
ACTION The Action of the application when the statement was first parsed. This field is set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_ACTION package.
PARSING_DB_ID Database ID when the statement was parsed
PARSING_DB_NAME Database name when the statement was parsed
PARSING_USER_ID User ID when the statement was parsed
EXECUTIONS_TOTAL Total number of executions of the plan in the plan cache
EXECUTIONS_DELTA Increment of the total number of executions of the plan in the plan cache
DISK_READS_TOTAL Total number of disk reads
DISK_READS_DELTA Increment of the number of disk reads
BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL Total number of logical reads from the cache
BUFFER_GETS_DELTA Increment of the number of logical reads from the cache
ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL Total time consumed by the statement. For parallel execution scenarios, this value is the sum of the values of each execution thread.
ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA Increment of the time consumed by the statement
CPU_TIME_TOTAL Total CPU time
CPU_TIME_DELTA Increment of the total CPU time
CCWAIT_TOTAL Total time consumed by concurrency-related wait events
CCWAIT_DELTA Increment of the total time consumed by concurrency-related wait events
USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL Total time consumed by I/O waits
USERIO_WAIT_DELTA Increment of the total time consumed by I/O waits
APWAIT_TOTAL Total time consumed by application-related wait events
APWAIT_DELTA Increment of the total time consumed by application-related wait events
PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL Total number of physical read requests
PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA Increment of the number of physical read requests
PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL Total number of bytes read by physical reads
PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA Increment of the number of bytes read by physical reads
WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL Total time consumed by throttling during writes to the MemStore
WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA Increment of the total time consumed by throttling during writes to the MemStore
ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL Total number of rows processed by the statement
ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA Increment of the total number of rows processed by the statement
MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL Total number of rows read from the MemStore
MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA Increment of the total number of rows read from the MemStore
MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL Total number of rows read from the MINOR SSStore
MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA Increment of the total number of rows read from the MINOR SSStore
MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL Total number of rows read from the MAJOR SSStore
MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA Increment of the total number of rows read from the MAJOR SSStore
RPC_TOTAL Total number of RPCs
RPC_DELTA Increment of the number of RPCs
FETCHES_TOTAL Total number of result set fetches
FETCHES_DELTA Increment of the number of result set fetches
RETRY_TOTAL Total number of SQL retries
RETRY_DELTA Increment of the number of SQL retries
PARTITION_TOTAL Total number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement
PARTITION_DELTA Increment of the number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement
NESTED_SQL_TOTAL Total number of nested SQL statements executed. This value increases by 1 for each nested SQL statement executed.
NESTED_SQL_DELTA Increment of the number of nested SQL statements executed
SOURCE_IP IP address of the request source
SOURCE_PORT Port number of the request source
ROUTE_MISS_TOTAL Total number of times the request partition was not hit since the execution plan was generated.
ROUTE_MISS_DELTA Total number of times the request partition was not hit since the last WR snapshot was captured.
FIRST_LOAD_TIME Time when the execution plan was generated
PLAN_CACHE_HIT_TOTAL Total number of times the plan cache was hit since the execution plan was generated.
PLAN_CACHE_HIT_DELTA Number of times the plan cache was hit since the last WR snapshot was captured.
MUTI_QUERY_TOTAL Total number of times the SQL statement was in a multi-query since the execution plan was generated.
MUTI_QUERY_DELTA Number of times the SQL statement was in a multi-query since the last WR snapshot was captured.
MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_TOTAL Total number of times the SQL statement batch was executed since the execution plan was generated.
MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_DELTA Number of times the SQL statement batch was executed since the last WR snapshot was captured.
FULL_TABLE_SCAN_TOTAL Total number of times the SQL statement performed a full table scan since the execution plan was generated.
FULL_TABLE_SCAN_DELTA Number of times the SQL statement performed a full table scan since the last WR snapshot was captured.
ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL Total number of errors reported by the SQL statement since the execution plan was generated.
ERROR_COUNT_DELTA Number of errors reported by the SQL statement since the last WR snapshot was captured.

For more information about the oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT view, see oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT.

  • Use the oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT view to query the basic performance statistics of SQL statements executed in the current tenant.

The names of the columns with _DELTA in the preceding table indicate the incremental values of the corresponding metrics from the last WR snapshot to the current time.

  obclient(SYS@oracle001)[SYS]> SELECT * FROM SYS.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT WHERE ROWNUM = 1\G

The query result is as follows:

  *************************** 1. row ***************************
                        SNAP_ID: 1
                        SVR_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                      SVR_PORT: 2882
                        SQL_ID: 0C0D6679C8AA7E3BAFBDC6C4FF37A89B
                      PLAN_HASH: 3220196041753657978
                      PLAN_TYPE: 1
                        MODULE: NULL
                        ACTION: NULL
                  PARSING_DB_ID: 201001
                PARSING_DB_NAME: oceanbase
                PARSING_USER_ID: 200001
              EXECUTIONS_TOTAL: 1
              EXECUTIONS_DELTA: 1
              DISK_READS_TOTAL: 0
              DISK_READS_DELTA: 0
              BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL: 2
              BUFFER_GETS_DELTA: 2
            ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL: 2822
            ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA: 2822
                CPU_TIME_TOTAL: 0
                CPU_TIME_DELTA: 0
                  CCWAIT_TOTAL: 0
                  CCWAIT_DELTA: 0
              USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL: 0
              USERIO_WAIT_DELTA: 0
                  APWAIT_TOTAL: 0
                  APWAIT_DELTA: 0
  PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL: 0
  PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA: 0
      PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL: 0
      PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA: 0
          WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL: 0
          WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA: 0
          ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL: 1
          ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA: 1
      MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 2
      MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 2
  MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
  MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
  MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
  MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
                      RPC_TOTAL: 0
                      RPC_DELTA: 0
                  FETCHES_TOTAL: 0
                  FETCHES_DELTA: 0
                    RETRY_TOTAL: 0
                    RETRY_DELTA: 0
                PARTITION_TOTAL: 1
                PARTITION_DELTA: 1
              NESTED_SQL_TOTAL: 0
              NESTED_SQL_DELTA: 0
                      SOURCE_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                    SOURCE_PORT: 2882
              ROUTE_MISS_TOTAL: 0
              ROUTE_MISS_DELTA: 0
                FIRST_LOAD_TIME: 30-OCT-25 10.43.30.083941 AM
          PLAN_CACHE_HIT_TOTAL: 0
          PLAN_CACHE_HIT_DELTA: 0
              MUTI_QUERY_TOTAL: 0
              MUTI_QUERY_DELTA: 0
        MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_TOTAL: 0
        MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_DELTA: 0
          FULL_TABLE_SCAN_TOTAL: 0
          FULL_TABLE_SCAN_DELTA: 0
              ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL: 0
              ERROR_COUNT_DELTA: 0
  1 row in set

The following table describes the columns in the preceding result set.

Field Description
SNAP_ID Snapshot ID
SVR_IP Node IP
SVR_PORT Node port number
SQL_ID SQL statement ID
PLAN_HASH Hash value of the execution plan
PLAN_ID Execution plan ID
PLAN_TYPE For SQL plan caching, this field indicates the plan type:
  • 1: Local Plan
  • 2: Remote Plan
  • 3: Distributed Plan

For PL object caching, this field indicates the PL object type:
  • 1: Procedure
  • 2: Function
  • 3: Package
  • 4: Anonymous Block
MODULE The application Module when the statement was first parsed. Set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_MODULE package.
ACTION The application Action when the statement was first parsed. Set by using the DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_ACTION package.
PARSING_DB_ID Database ID when the statement was parsed
PARSING_DB_NAME Database name when the statement was parsed
PARSING_USER_ID User ID when the statement was parsed
EXECUTIONS_TOTAL Total number of executions of the plan in the plan cache
EXECUTIONS_DELTA Increment of the total number of executions of the plan in the plan cache
DISK_READS_TOTAL Total number of disk reads
DISK_READS_DELTA Increment of the total number of disk reads
BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL Total number of logical reads from the cache
BUFFER_GETS_DELTA Increment of the total number of logical reads from the cache
ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL Total time consumed by the statement. For parallel execution, this value is the sum of the time consumed by each execution thread.
ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA Increment of the time consumed by the statement
CPU_TIME_TOTAL Total CPU time consumed
CPU_TIME_DELTA Increment of the total CPU time consumed
CCWAIT_TOTAL Total time consumed by concurrency-related wait events
CCWAIT_DELTA Increment of the total time consumed by concurrency-related wait events
USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL Total I/O wait time
USERIO_WAIT_DELTA Increment of the total I/O wait time
APWAIT_TOTAL Total time consumed by application-related wait events
APWAIT_DELTA Increment of the total time consumed by application-related wait events
PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL Total number of physical read requests
PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA Increment of the total number of physical read requests
PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL Total number of bytes read by physical reads
PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA Increment of the total number of bytes read by physical reads
WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL Total time when the write to MemStore is throttled
WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA Increment of the total time when the write to MemStore is throttled
ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL Total number of rows processed by the statement
ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA Increment of the total number of rows processed by the statement
MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL Total number of rows read from MemStore
MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA Increment of the total number of rows read from MemStore
MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL Total number of rows read from MINOR SSStore
MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA Increment of the total number of rows read from MINOR SSStore
MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL Total number of rows read from MAJOR SSStore
MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA Increment of the total number of rows read from MAJOR SSStore
RPC_TOTAL Total number of RPCs
RPC_DELTA Increment of the total number of RPCs
FETCHES_TOTAL Total number of times the result set is fetched
FETCHES_DELTA Increment of the total number of times the result set is fetched
RETRY_TOTAL Total number of SQL retries
RETRY_DELTA Increment of the total number of SQL retries
PARTITION_TOTAL Total number of partitions scanned by SQL execution
PARTITION_DELTA Increment of the total number of partitions scanned by SQL execution
NESTED_SQL_TOTAL Total number of nested SQL executions. Each time a sub-SQL statement is executed, the value increases by 1.
NESTED_SQL_DELTA Increment of the total number of nested SQL executions
SOURCE_IP VARCHAR2(46)
SOURCE_PORT Port number of the request source
ROUTE_MISS_TOTAL Total number of times the request partition is not correctly hit since the execution plan was generated
ROUTE_MISS_DELTA Total number of times the request partition is not correctly hit since the last WR snapshot was collected
FIRST_LOAD_TIME Time when the execution plan was generated
PLAN_CACHE_HIT_TOTAL Total number of times the plan cache is hit since the execution plan was generated
PLAN_CACHE_HIT_DELTA Number of times the plan cache is hit since the last WR snapshot was collected
MUTI_QUERY_TOTAL Total number of times the SQL statement is in a Muti Query since the execution plan was generated
MUTI_QUERY_DELTA Total number of times the SQL statement is in a Muti Query since the last WR snapshot was collected
MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_TOTAL Total number of times the SQL batch is executed in a Muti Query since the execution plan was generated
MUTI_QUERY_BATCH_DELTA Total number of times the SQL batch is executed in a Muti Query since the last WR snapshot was collected
FULL_TABLE_SCAN_TOTAL Total number of full table scans of the SQL statement since the execution plan was generated
FULL_TABLE_SCAN_DELTA Total number of full table scans of the SQL statement since the last WR snapshot was collected
ERROR_COUNT_TOTAL Total number of errors reported by the SQL statement since the execution plan was generated
ERROR_COUNT_DELTA Total number of errors reported by the SQL statement since the last WR snapshot was collected

For more information about the DBA_WR_SQLSTAT view, see oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT and DBA_WR_SQLSTAT.

Query the information about resource groups

  • You can query the GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT view to obtain the statistics about resource groups in all OBServer nodes.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT LIMIT 10;
    

    The query result is as follows:

    +--------+----------+----------------+----------+------------+-----------------------+-------+------------+------------+---------+
    | CON_ID | GROUP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STATISTIC# | NAME                  | CLASS | VALUE      | VALUE_TYPE | STAT_ID |
    +--------+----------+----------------+----------+------------+-----------------------+-------+------------+------------+---------+
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          0 | rpc packet in         |     1 |   12995014 | ADD_VALUE  |   10000 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          1 | rpc packet in bytes   |     1 | 3080600714 | ADD_VALUE  |   10001 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          2 | rpc packet out        |     1 |    7975192 | ADD_VALUE  |   10002 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          3 | rpc packet out bytes  |     1 | 2401633337 | ADD_VALUE  |   10003 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          4 | rpc deliver fail      |     1 |          0 | ADD_VALUE  |   10004 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          5 | rpc net delay         |     1 |   23735015 | ADD_VALUE  |   10005 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          6 | rpc net frame delay   |     1 |     240711 | ADD_VALUE  |   10006 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          7 | mysql packet in       |     1 |         66 | ADD_VALUE  |   10007 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          8 | mysql packet in bytes |     1 |      13725 | ADD_VALUE  |   10008 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          9 | mysql packet out      |     1 |         86 | ADD_VALUE  |   10009 |
    +--------+----------+----------------+----------+------------+-----------------------+-------+------------+------------+---------+
    10 rows in set (0.026 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns in the preceding query result.

    Column Description
    CON_ID The tenant ID.
    GROUP_ID The consumer group ID.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the node.
    STATISTIC# The sequence number of the statistics.
    NAME The name of the statistics.
    CLASS The category of the statistics.
    VALUE The value of the statistics.
    VALUE_TYPE The value type. Valid values: incremental and assigned.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistics.

    For more information about the GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT view, see GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT.

  • You can query the V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT view to obtain the statistics about resource groups in the current OBServer node.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT LIMIT 10;
    

    The query result is as follows:

    +--------+----------+----------------+----------+------------+-----------------------+-------+------------+------------+---------+
    | CON_ID | GROUP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STATISTIC# | NAME                  | CLASS | VALUE      | VALUE_TYPE | STAT_ID |
    +--------+----------+----------------+----------+------------+-----------------------+-------+------------+------------+---------+
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          0 | rpc packet in         |     1 |   13010269 | ADD_VALUE  |   10000 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          1 | rpc packet in bytes   |     1 | 3084188226 | ADD_VALUE  |   10001 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          2 | rpc packet out        |     1 |    7984551 | ADD_VALUE  |   10002 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          3 | rpc packet out bytes  |     1 | 2404425894 | ADD_VALUE  |   10003 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          4 | rpc deliver fail      |     1 |          0 | ADD_VALUE  |   10004 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          5 | rpc net delay         |     1 |   23766006 | ADD_VALUE  |   10005 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          6 | rpc net frame delay   |     1 |     241049 | ADD_VALUE  |   10006 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          7 | mysql packet in       |     1 |         69 | ADD_VALUE  |   10007 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          8 | mysql packet in bytes |     1 |      13871 | ADD_VALUE  |   10008 |
    |      1 |        0 |  xx.xx.xx.xx   |     2882 |          9 | mysql packet out      |     1 |        142 | ADD_VALUE  |   10009 |
    +--------+----------+----------------+----------+------------+-----------------------+-------+------------+------------+---------+
    10 rows in set (0.007 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns in the preceding query result.

    Column Description
    CON_ID The tenant ID.
    GROUP_ID The consumer group ID.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the node.
    STATISTIC# The sequence number of the statistics.
    NAME The name of the statistics.
    CLASS The category of the statistics.
    VALUE The value of the statistics.
    VALUE_TYPE The value type. Valid values: incremental and assigned.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistics.

    For more information about the V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT view, see V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT.

References

  • Overview of WR
  • Manage WR
  • Clean up WR data

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What is on this page
View historical session data
View statistics of historical sessions
View the time model statistics
View SQLSTAT data
Query the information about resource groups
References