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Start on Cloud

A unified distributed database ready for your transactional, analytical, and AI workloads.

DEPLOY YOUR WAY

OceanBase Cloud

The best way to deploy and scale OceanBase

OceanBase Enterprise

Run and manage OceanBase on your infra

TRY OPEN SOURCE

OceanBase Community Edition

The free, open-source distributed database

OceanBase seekdb

Open source AI native search database

Customer Stories

Real-world success stories from enterprises across diverse industries.

View All
BY USE CASES

Mission-Critical Transactions

Global & Multicloud Application

Elastic Scaling for Peak Traffic

Real-time Analytics

Active Geo-redundancy

Database Consolidation

Comprehensive knowledge hub for OceanBase.

Blog

Live Demos

Training & Certification

Documentation

Official technical guides, tutorials, API references, and manuals for all OceanBase products.

View All
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OceanBase Database

SQL - V4.2.5

  • What is OceanBase Database
    • Overview
    • Differences between Enterprise Edition and Community Edition
    • System architecture
    • Compatibility with Oracle
      • Overview
      • SQL data types
      • Built-in functions
      • System views
    • Compatibility with MySQL
    • Limitations
  • Get Started
    • Quick start with OceanBase Database Community Edition
    • Learn OceanBase SQL
      • Before you begin
      • Basic SQL operations (MySQL mode)
      • Basic SQL operations (Oracle mode)
    • Build a sample application (MySQL mode)
      • Build a Python application
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
      • Build a Go application
    • Build a sample application (Oracle mode)
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
    • Try out advanced features of OceanBase Database
      • Scalable OLTP
        • Run the TPC-C benchmark in OceanBase Database
        • Try out the hot row update capability of OceanBase Database
      • Try out operational OLAP
      • Try out parallel import and data compression
      • Try out the multi-tenant feature
  • Develop
    • Develop applications (MySQL mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using the mysql client
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Use database connection pool
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
          • Configuration example of JDBC connections
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis
        • Python
          • mysqlclient
          • PyMySQL
        • Go
          • Go-SQL-Driver/MySQL
          • GORM
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a database
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived table
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use the CASE conditional operator in queries
          • Use the SELECT ... FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
          • Use the SELECT ... LOCK IN SHARE MODE statement to lock query results
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
      • Transactions
        • Overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
          • Release a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling for MySQL-compatible applications
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Disconnected from the server, with ERROR 2013 reported
          • Idle transaction timed out, with ERROR 6002 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with ERROR 4012 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Table already exists, with ERROR 1050 reported
          • Table does not exist, with ERROR 1146 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with ERROR 1062 reported
          • ERROR 1215 reported in foreign key addition
          • Data truncated while being inserted, with ERROR 1265 reported
    • Develop applications (Oracle mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Use database connection pool
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis
          • JFinal
        • C/C++
          • OceanBase Connector/C
          • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
          • SqlSugar
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived table
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use CASE functions in queries
          • Use the SELECT...FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
      • Transactions
        • Overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling specifications for Oracle-compatible applications
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Idle transaction timed out, with Error ORA-24761 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with Error ORA-00600 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Table already exists, with Error ORA-00955 reported
          • Table does not exist, with Error ORA-04043 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with Error ORA-00001 reported
          • Error ORA-00600 reported in foreign key addition
          • Inconsistent data types, with Error ORA-00932 reported
  • Deploy
    • Overview
    • HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Deployment process
      • Before deployment
        • Prepare servers
        • Configure servers
        • Prepare installation packages
        • Deploy OAT
      • Deploy through GUI
        • Configure deployment environment using OAT
          • Add a server
        • Deploy OCP
          • Overview
          • Upload installation packages
          • Create MetaDB
          • Deploy OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using OCP
          • Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using OCP
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using OCP
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
      • Deploy through CLI
        • Configure deployment environment
          • Initialize an OBServer node by using oatcli
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using CLI
          • Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using the CLI
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using the CLI
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Overview
      • Deploy locally
        • Software and hardware requirements
        • Before deployment
          • (Optional) Check resources
          • (Optional) Set password-free SSH login
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
          • (Optional) Perform disk planning
          • (Optional) Configure limits.conf
          • (Optional) Configure sysctl.conf
          • (Optional) Disable the firewall and SELinux
          • (Optional) Create a user
        • Deploy through GUI
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of obd
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase Database in a production environment by using the CLI
        • Deploy OceanBase Database by using systemd
      • Deploy an OceanBase cluster in a Kubernetes environment
    • Clear an OceanBase cluster
  • Migrate
    • Overview
    • Migrate from MySQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use mydumper and myloader to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Flink CDC to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to MySQL databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use OMS to migrate incremental data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
    • Migrate from Oracle databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to Oracle databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
    • Migrate from DB2 databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate table schemas from a DB2 LUW database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to DB2 databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
    • Migrate from TiDB databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a TiDB database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from PostgreSQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a PostgreSQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Use the LOAD DATA statement to import data
    • Import data from SQL files to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data between OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type in active-active disaster recovery scenarios
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between MySQL tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from a MySQL tenant to an Oracle tenant in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between Oracle tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from an Oracle tenant to a MySQL tenant in OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data using SQL statements
      • Migrate data between tables
      • Migrate resource units
      • Use the `SELECT INTO OUTFILE` statement to export data
    • Bypass import
      • Overview
      • Use the LOAD DATA statement to import data in direct load mode
      • Use the INSERT INTO SELECT statement to import data in direct load mode
  • Manage
    • Log in to an OceanBase tenant
    • Manage clusters
      • Overview
      • Cluster parameters
      • Common cluster operations
        • View a zone
        • View a node
        • Restart a node
        • Add a node
        • Delete a node
        • Isolate a node
        • Replace a node
        • Start a zone
        • Add a zone
        • Delete a zone
        • Modify a zone
        • Isolate a zone
        • View cluster parameters
        • Modify cluster parameters
        • Online upgrade from standalone deployment to distributed deployment
        • Upgrade clusters
          • Upgrade OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
            • Upgrade overview
            • Upgrade an arbitration service
            • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
            • Check upgrade results
          • Upgrade OceanBase Database Community Edition
            • Upgrade OceanBase Database by using obd
      • Troubleshoot common problems
        • Failures of a minority of nodes
        • Failures of the majority of nodes
    • Manage tenants
      • Tenant introduction
      • Tenant capacity
      • Tenant types
      • User tenant introduction
      • Tenant system variables
      • Common tenant operations
        • Create a tenant
        • Resource isolation
          • Overview
          • Manage resource isolation (Oracle mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update a plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
          • Manage resource isolation (MySQL mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update a plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
        • Query tenant and resource information
        • View and set the tenant allowlist
        • View system variables of a tenant
        • Modify system variables of a tenant
        • Scale in/out
          • Introduction to scaling in/out
          • Plan resources
          • Modify the unit config for a tenant
          • Modify the number of resource units for a tenant
          • Modify the number of primary zones for a tenant
        • Modify attributes of a resource pool
        • Modify attributes of a tenant
        • Lock and unlock a tenant
        • Clone a tenant
        • Cancel tenant cloning
        • Drop a tenant
        • Restore a tenant
        • Rename a tenant
        • Manage resource pools
          • View resource pool information
          • Allocate a resource pool to a tenant
          • Remove resource pools from a tenant
          • Merge and split resource pools
          • Drop a resource pool
        • Manage unit configs
          • Query unit configs
          • Modify a unit config
          • Drop a unit config
        • Manage services
          • Create a service
          • Query the service status
          • Start a service
          • Stop a service
          • Delete a service
    • Manage replicas
      • Overview
      • Replica distribution
        • Locality
        • Common locality operations
          • View locality
          • Modify locality
          • Add replicas
          • Remove replicas
          • Convert the type of a replica
          • Adjust the distribution of replicas
          • View the locality change history
          • Migrate replicas
          • Modify the number of Paxos replicas of a log stream
          • Cancel a replica task
      • Traffic distribution
      • Data distribution
      • Data load balancing
        • Overview
        • Transfer a partition
        • Cancel a partition transfer task
        • Cancel a load balancing job
        • Partition balancing
          • Configure the scheduled partition balancing job
          • Manually trigger a partition balancing job
          • View the parameters of the scheduled partition balancing job
          • Query the scheduling history of the scheduled partition balancing job
          • Query partition balancing jobs and tasks in the background
          • Query the history of partition balancing jobs and tasks in the background
    • High availability
      • High availability overview
      • Multi-replica disaster recovery
        • Data link introduction
        • ODP high availability
        • Database-level high availability
        • Disaster recovery architecture and levels
      • Physical standby database disaster recovery
        • Overview
        • Limitations
        • Create a standby tenant
          • Preparations
          • Create an empty standby tenant
          • Create a standby tenant by using the backup and restore (with complete logs) feature
          • Create a standby tenant by using the BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG feature
        • Log transmission service
          • Overview
          • Configure log transmission service
            • Specify a log restore source
            • Specify a log restore endpoint
          • View the log restore source
          • View the log synchronization progress
          • Pause or resume log synchronization
          • Optimize the log synchronization performance
          • Set the log synchronization bandwidth limit
          • Specify log compression
        • Log storage service
        • Switch roles
          • Overview of tenant roles
          • Switchover
          • Failover
        • Drop primary and standby tenants
      • Arbitration high availability
        • Overview
        • Enable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Disable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Modify the log stream downgrade control time
        • Query log stream upgrade/downgrade information
        • Replace the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Remove the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Clear residual cluster information
      • Manage recycle bin
        • Overview
        • Enable or disable the recycle bin
        • View objects in the recycle bin
        • Restore objects from the recycle bin
        • Purge the recycle bin
      • Flashback queries
    • Security and permissions
      • Overview
      • Identification and authentication
        • MySQL mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure handling
        • Oracle mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure handling
      • Access control
        • Overview
        • Users and permissions
          • Overview
          • MySQL mode
            • Privilege types in MySQL mode
            • Create a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Manage roles
              • Overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant privileges to a role
              • Grant a role to a user or another role
              • Activate a role
              • View roles
              • Revoke privileges from a role
              • Revoke a role from a user or another role
              • Drop a role
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
          • Oracle mode
            • Privilege types in Oracle mode
            • Create a user
            • View the information of a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Manage roles
              • Overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant a role to another role
              • Grant a role to a user
              • Activate or deactivate roles for a user
              • View roles
              • Modify a role
              • Revoke a role
              • Drop a role
            • Indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Use a proxy user
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
        • Network security access control
        • RPC connection authentication
        • Row-level access control
      • Data transmission encryption
        • Overview
        • OBServer node transmission encryption
        • ODP transmission encryption
      • Transparent data encryption
        • Overview
        • MySQL mode
          • Enable TDE for new tables
          • Enable TDE for existing tables
          • Decrypt a table
        • Oracle mode
          • Enable TDE for new tables
          • Enable TDE for existing tables
          • Decrypt a table
      • Security audit
        • Overview
        • MySQL mode
          • Enable security audit
          • Set audit rules
          • View audit records
          • Disable security audit
        • Oracle mode
          • Set and view audit rules
          • View audit records
          • Audit user login operations
          • Audit specified database objects
    • Backup and restore
      • Introduction to physical backup and restore
      • Experience physical backup and restore with simplified deployment
      • Deploy NFS
      • Log archive
        • Overview
        • Preparations
        • Enable ARCHIVELOG
        • Suspend archiving
        • Disable ARCHIVELOG
        • View information about pieces
        • View the archiving progress
        • View the archiving history
        • View archiving parameter settings
        • Change the log archive destination
        • Clear the archive path setting
        • Views related to log archiving
      • Data backup
        • Preparations
        • Initiate a full data backup job
        • Initiate an incremental data backup job
        • Back up parameters
        • Stop a backup job
        • View the data backup progress
        • View the data backup history
        • View data backup parameter settings
        • Change the backup destination
        • Views related to data backup
      • Clear backup data
        • Automatically clean up expired backup data
        • Stop backup cleanup
        • Query the backup cleanup progress
        • Query the backup cleanup history
        • Backup cleanup parameter
        • Views related to backup cleanup
      • Restore data
        • Preparations
        • Perform physical restore
        • Perform restore from the specified paths
        • Cancel physical restore
        • View the physical restore progress
        • View physical restore results
        • Replay logs to a standby tenant
        • Convert a standby tenant into primary tenant
        • Upgrade a tenant after restore
        • Parameters related to physical restore
        • Views related to physical restore
      • Restore by table
        • Preparations
        • Perform table restore
        • Cancel table restore
        • View the table restore progress
        • View the table restore result
        • Parameters related to table restore
        • Views related to table restore
    • Monitor
      • Overview
      • Metrics
        • System monitoring
          • Overview
          • Metrics
          • Wait events
          • Latch events
        • SQL monitoring
          • Overview
          • SQL audit
          • Execution plans
      • Cases
    • Logs
      • Overview
      • Log levels
      • Log stability
      • Log control
      • Log compression and decompression
      • Log metrics
      • Alert logs
      • View logs
        • Search for the logs of a specific SQL request
        • Query the log of a previous SQL request by using the SQL Trace feature
    • Daily inspection
      • Overview
      • Check cluster parameters
      • Check the host status
      • Check tenant resource usage
      • Check cluster resource usage
      • Check the OBServer node status
      • Check the NTP offset
      • Deadlock detection
      • End-to-end tracing
        • Overview
        • Process
        • Methods
        • Show end-to-end tracing information
        • Quick start: End-to-end diagnosis with obdiag
    • Performance tunning
      • Overview
      • Identify bottlenecks on a link
      • Identify bottlenecks within components
        • ODP performance bottlenecks
        • ODP performance analysis
        • OBServer performance bottlenecks
          • Overview
          • Non-optimal plan
            • Suboptimal plans
            • Buffer tables
            • Cardinality
          • Hard parsing
          • Capacity issues
          • Internal wait events
      • SQL tunning
        • SQL tuning system
        • Execution plan optimization
          • Statistical information and row estimation
            • Overview
            • Statistical information
              • Overview
              • Collect statistical information
                • Overview
                • Manually collect statistics
                • Automatically collect statistics
              • Query statistics
              • Manage statistical information
                • Overview
                • Delete and set statistics
                • Import and export statistics
                • Lock statistics
                • Query historical versions of statistics and roll back to a specified version
                • Configure statistics collection strategies
            • Row estimation
              • Overview
              • Row estimation based on the selectivity
              • Row estimation based on the storage layer
            • Use statistical information and row estimation
          • Plan management
            • Plan cache
            • Disadvantages of the plan cache and countermeasures
            • Views related to the plan cache
          • Index selection
            • Overview
            • Reduce row reads
            • Avoid table access by index primary key
            • Avoid sorting
          • Join order and join algorithm
            • Joins
            • Join algorithm
              • Nested loop joins
              • Hash joins
              • Merge joins
              • Common business issues
            • Join types
            • Join order
          • Order and limit optimization
            • Overview
            • SORT assignment and optimization
            • Optimization in ORDER BY + LIMIT scenarios
        • Business logic optimization
          • SQL specifications
          • Schema specifications
        • Locate and analyze slow queries I
        • Locate and analyze slow queries II
        • Typical scenarios and cases
    • Troubleshooting
      • Overview
      • Bootstrap
      • Storage
        • Minor compaction and major compaction
        • Memory-related errors
        • Migration, replication, and rebuild tasks
      • Election
        • Election
        • Leader switchover exceptions
        • Absence of the leader
      • Transaction
        • Transaction-related errors
        • Transaction rollbacks
        • Long-running transaction
        • Suspended transaction
        • Idle transactions
      • Log synchronization-related errors
      • Physical standby database
        • Log synchronization stuck for the physical standby database
        • Switchover and failover issues
        • Other issues
      • Backup and restore
        • Data backup failures
        • Physical restore failures
      • Arbitration server process startup failures
    • Emergency response
      • Emergency response overview
      • Analysis, diagnosis, and decision-making procedure
      • Common emergency problem handling
        • Hardware issues
          • Node failure
          • Network failure
          • ODP failure
          • Other hardware and network issues
        • Capacity issues
          • Exceptions of SQL queries
          • Node disk I/O high
          • Node network card overload
          • Tenant memory full
          • obproxy thread exhaustion
          • Node clog disk full
          • Node data disk full
          • Tenant request queue backlog
        • Other cluster issues
          • sys tenant or RootService exceptions
          • Insufficiency or leakage of system memory
  • OBKV
    • Overview
    • Architecture
    • OBKV-Table
      • Introduction
        • Overview
        • OBKV-Table operation types
        • Differences between replace and insert_or_update
        • Supported value types
        • OBKV-Table data models
      • Use the OBKV-Table Java client
        • Use the OBKV-Table Java client to connect to a cluster
        • Set client parameters
        • Supported client interfaces
        • Use the OBKV-Table Java client
      • Use the OBKV-Table GO client
        • Use the OBKV-Table Go client to connect to a cluster
        • Overview of the Go client
        • Individual API operations
        • Batch operations
        • About queries
        • Aggregation API
        • Filters
      • FAQ
    • OBKV-HBase
      • Overview
      • Core features
      • Compatibility with HBase
      • Deployment
      • Use OBKV-HBase
        • Overview
        • Data model
        • Data model design
        • Connect to a cluster by using the OBKV-HBase client
        • Data operation examples
        • Delete expired data
      • OBKV-HBase management
        • Overview
        • High availability
        • Security and permissions
        • Monitoring metrics
      • Performance test
      • OBKV-HBase integration
        • Synchronize data to OBKV-HBase by using Flink
      • Views
      • FAQ
  • Reference
    • OceanBase concepts
      • Architecture of OceanBase Database
      • Development of OceanBase Database
      • Multi-tenant architecture
        • Overview
        • Compatibility modes
        • Tenants
        • Tenants and resource management
          • Tenant resource management
          • Multi-tenant resource isolation
          • Resource unit balancing
      • Database objects
        • Oracle mode
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Overview
            • Data type
              • Overview
              • Character data types
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • ROWID data types
              • LOB data types
              • Format model
                • Overview
                • Number format models
                • Datetime format models
              • Multi-model data types
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Temporary table
          • Indexes
            • About indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
          • Views
            • Overview
            • View categorization
            • OceanBase-specific views
            • Oracle-compatible views
            • Data operations in views
            • Data access from views
            • Updatable views
          • Other objects
            • Sequences
            • Synonyms
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
              • CHECK constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
        • MySQL mode
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Overview
            • Data type
              • Overview
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • Character data types
              • LOB data types
              • Multi-model data types
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
          • Indexes
            • About indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Spatial indexes
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
          • Views
            • Overview
            • View categorization
            • OceanBase-specific views
            • MySQL-compatible views
            • Oracle-compatible views in MySQL tenants
            • Oracle-compatible views in the sys tenant
            • Data operations in views
            • Data access from views
            • Updatable views
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
      • Distributed database objects
        • Overview
        • Cluster architecture
        • Log streams and replicas
          • Overview
          • Log streams
          • Replica type
            • Overview
            • Full-featured replica
            • Read-only replicas
          • Multi-replica consensus protocols
          • Data balancing
            • Intra-tenant balancing
            • Views and parameters related to data balancing
        • Dynamic scaling
          • Cluster scaling
          • Tenant resource scaling
            • Overview
            • Horizontal scaling of tenant resources
            • Vertical scaling of tenant resources
            • Cross-zone management of tenant resources
      • Data link
        • Overview
        • Database proxy
          • Overview
          • SQL routing
          • Connection management
          • ODP configuration management
          • Logs and monitoring
        • Database connector
          • Overview
          • OBCI
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • OceanBase Connector/C
      • User interface and query language
        • SQL
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • SQL data access
            • SQL standards
          • SQL statements
            • Overview
            • DDL statements
            • DML statements
            • DCL statements
          • Execution process of SQL queries
          • Query SQL execution plans
          • Distributed execution plan
            • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
            • Generate distributed execution plans
            • Run and disable a parallel query
            • Manage distributed execution plans
            • Perform parameter tuning for a parallel query
        • PL
          • PL concepts
            • Oracle mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • Triggers
              • Packages
            • MySQL mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • MySQL Mode
          • PL subprogram execution mechanism
        • Client programming languages
      • Transaction management
        • Transaction
          • Overview
          • Transaction structure
          • Statement-level atomicity
          • GTS
          • Transaction control
            • Overview
            • Active transactions
            • Savepoint
            • Transaction control statements
              • MySQL transaction control
              • Oracle transaction control
          • Redo logs
          • Local transactions
          • Distributed transaction
            • Overview
            • Two-phase commit
          • XA transactions
        • Transaction concurrency and consistency
          • Overview
          • Multi-version read consistency
          • Concurrency control
            • Overview
            • Lock mechanism
            • Lock Wait Mgr
          • Transaction isolation level
            • Overview
            • Transaction isolation levels in Oracle mode
            • Transaction isolation levels in MySQL mode
          • Weak-consistency read
      • Storage architecture
        • Overview
        • Data storage
          • Overview
          • MemTables
          • SSTables
          • Compression and encoding
        • Compaction
          • Overview
          • Minor compaction
          • Major compaction
        • Multi-level caches
        • Query processing
        • Data integrity
          • Detect silent data corruption
      • Data reliability and high availability
        • High availability architecture
          • Overview
          • ODP high availability
          • Leader election in distributed systems
          • Multi-replica log synchronization
          • Paxos protocol
          • Automatic handling of node failures
        • Deployment solutions for disaster recovery
        • Data protection
          • Overview
          • Flashback queries
          • Recycle bin
        • Backup and restore
          • Overview
          • Backup directory structures
          • Backup architecture
          • Restore process
        • Arbitration-based high availability solution
        • Physical Standby Database solution
      • Database security
        • Overview
        • Authentication
        • Access control
        • Data transmission encryption
        • Data storage encryption
        • Monitoring and alerting
        • Security audit
      • OBServer node architecture
        • Structure of the OBServer node installation directory
        • Configuration files
        • observer thread model
          • Threads
          • Worker threads
          • Background threads
        • Logs
        • Memory management
          • Overview
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Memory-related views
          • Memory usage logs
          • Diagnose memory errors
    • System management
      • Configuration management
        • Overview
        • Set parameters
        • Set variables
      • Storage management
        • Minor compaction management
          • Overview
          • Automatically trigger a minor compaction
          • Manually initiate a minor compaction
          • View minor compaction information
          • Modify minor compaction settings
        • Major compaction management
          • Overview
          • Automatically trigger a major compaction
          • Configure scheduled major compactions
          • Adaptive major compactions
          • Manually initiate a major compaction
          • Manually control a major compaction
          • View the major compaction process
          • Modify major compaction settings
        • Data compression
          • Overview
          • Data encoding and compression
      • Memory management
        • Overview
        • Memory structure
        • Set the maximum memory for an OceanBase database
        • Manage internal system memory
        • Manage internal tenant memory
        • Manage the memory of the plan cache
        • Memleak-based regular memory leak diagnostics mechanism
        • Query memory usage information
        • Memory usage control
        • FAQ about memory
      • Process management
        • Overview
        • Multi-tenant threads of OceanBase Database
        • View the thread status
        • Background threads of OceanBase Database
        • FAQ about multi-tenant threads
      • Disk management
        • Configure automatic scale-out of disk space for data files
    • Database object management
      • Overview
      • MySQL mode
        • Create and manage databases
          • Create a database
          • View databases
          • Modify a database
          • Drop a database
        • Create and manage tables
          • Overview
          • Create a table
          • Define an auto-increment column
          • Define column constraints
          • Query tables
          • Modify a table
          • Change the replicated table attribute
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • Overview
            • Create an external table
            • Manage external files
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Add a partition
          • Drop a partition
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • Overview
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
        • Create and manage sequences
          • Create a sequence
          • Query sequences
          • Reference a sequence
          • Modify a sequence
          • Drop a sequence
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • Drop a trigger
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
      • Oracle mode
        • Create and manage tables
          • Overview
          • Create a table
          • Define column constraints
          • Query the definition of a table
          • Modify a table
          • Change the replicated table attribute
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • Overview
            • Create an external table
            • Manage external files
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Rename a partition
          • Add a partition
          • Drop a partition
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • Overview
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
        • Manage sequences
        • Manage synonyms
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Create an INSTEAD OF trigger
          • Create a composite trigger
          • Modify and drop a trigger
          • Disable or enable a trigger
          • Query trigger information
        • Manage directory objects
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Use a DBLink to modify the data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
          • Install and configure OCI
    • Database design specifications and practices
      • Object naming conventions
        • Overview
        • Tenant naming conventions
        • User naming conventions
        • Table naming conventions
        • Field naming conventions
        • Other naming conventions
      • Object structure design specifications
        • Field design
        • Table structure design
        • Partitioned table design
        • Index design
        • Other structural designs
      • Character set specifications
      • Database connection specifications
      • Comments
      • ORM conventions
      • Exception handling
    • SQL reference
      • SQL syntax
        • System tenants
          • Overview
          • ALTER SYSTEM
            • ACTIVATE STANDBY
            • ADD REPLICA
            • ADD RESTORE SOURCE
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE
            • ARCHIVELOG
            • NOARCHIVELOG
            • ARBITRATION
            • BOOTSTRAP
            • BACKUP KEY
            • BACKUP
            • BACKUP CLUSTER PARAMETERS
            • BALANCE TASK
            • CANCEL BACKUP
            • BALANCE JOB
            • CANCEL DELETE BACKUP
            • CANCEL MIGRATE UNIT
            • CANCEL REPLICA TASK
            • CHANGE TENANT
            • CANCEL RESTORE
            • CANCEL RECOVER TABLE
            • CANCEL TRANSFER PARTITION
            • CLEAR RESTORE SOURCE
            • CREATE LS
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • MIGRATE REPLICA
            • MIGRATE UNIT
            • MODIFY LS
            • MODIFY PAXOS_REPLICA_NUM
            • MODIFY REPLICA
            • MODULE DATA
            • DELETE BACKUP POLICY
            • FLUSH PLAN CACHE
            • JOB
            • SET LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
            • PARAMETER
            • RECOVER STANDBY
            • RECOVER STANDBY CANCEL
            • REMOVE REPLICA
            • REFRESH
            • RESTORE
            • RESTORE PREVIEW
            • RECOVER TABLE
            • SET DATA_BACKUP_DEST
            • SERVER
            • SERVICE_NAME
            • SWITCHOVER
            • THROTTLE
            • TRANSFER PARTITION
            • WASH MEMORY FRAGMENTATION
            • LOAD MODULE DATA
            • CHECK MODULE DATA
            • ZONE
          • ALTER RESOURCE POOL
          • ALTER RESOURCE TENANT
          • ALTER RESOURCE UNIT
          • ALTER TENANT
          • CREATE RESOURCE POOL
          • CREATE RESOURCE UNIT
          • CREATE TENANT
          • CREATE STANDBY TENANT
          • DROP RESOURCE POOL
          • DROP RESOURCE UNIT
          • DROP TENANT
          • SET DECRYPTION
          • SET ENCRYPTION
          • SHOW RESTORE PREVIEW
        • User tenants (MySQL mode)
          • Basic elements
            • Data types
              • Overview
              • Numeric types
                • Overview
                • Integer data types
                • Fixed-point types
                • Floating-point data types
                • Bit value data type
              • Datetime types
                • Overview
                • DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP types
                • TIME type
                • YEAR type
              • String types
                • Overview
                • CHAR and VARCHAR
                • BINARY and VARBINARY
              • Large objects and text types
                • Overview
                • BLOB types
                • TEXT types
                • LOB types
              • ENUM type
              • SET type
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create a JSON value
                • Query and modify JSON values
                • Convert a JSON data type
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview of spatial data types
                • Spatial reference systems (SRS)
                • Create a spatial column
                • Create a spatial index
                • Spatial data formats
            • Expressions
              • Overview
              • Expression syntax
              • Data type conversion rules
            • Character set and collation
              • Overview
              • Character sets
              • Character sets
              • Database-level character set and collation
              • Table-level character set and collation
              • Column-level character sets and collations
              • Character sets and collations for character expressions
              • Character sets and collations for client connection
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Strings
              • Numbers
              • Datetime values
              • Bit values
              • Boolean values
              • NULLs
            • Schema object names
            • User-defined variables
            • Comments
          • Operators
            • Overview of operators
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Bitwise operators
            • Comparison operators
            • Logical operators
            • Assignment operators
            • Date and time operators
            • Concatenation operators
            • BINARY operator
            • CASE conditional operator
          • Sequence pseudo-columns
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Datetime functions
                • ADDDATE
                • CONVERT_TZ
                • CURDATE
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIME
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • CURTIME
                • DATE
                • DATE_ADD
                • DATE_FORMAT
                • DATE_SUB
                • DATEDIFF
                • DAYOFMONTH
                • DAYOFWEEK
                • DAYOFYEAR
                • EXTRACT
                • FROM_DAYS
                • FROM_UNIXTIME
                • GET_FORMAT
                • HOUR
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIME
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MAKEDATE
                • MAKETIME
                • MICROSECOND
                • MINUTE
                • MONTH
                • MONTHNAME
                • NOW
                • PERIOD_ADD
                • PERIOD_DIFF
                • QUARTER
                • SEC_TO_TIME
                • SECOND
                • STR_TO_DATE
                • SUBDATE
                • SUBTIME
                • SYSDATE
                • TIME
                • TIME_FORMAT
                • TIME_TO_SEC
                • TIME_TO_USEC
                • TIMEDIFF
                • TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMPADD
                • TIMESTAMPDIFF
                • TO_DAYS
                • TO_SECONDS
                • UNIX_TIMESTAMP
                • USEC_TO_TIME
                • UTC_DATE
                • UTC_TIME
                • UTC_TIMESTAMP
                • WEEK
                • WEEKDAY
                • WEEKOFYEAR
                • YEARWEEK
                • YEAR
                • ADDTIME
                • DAYNAME
                • DAY
              • String functions
                • ASCII
                • BIN
                • BIT_LENGTH
                • CHAR
                • CHAR_LENGTH
                • CHARACTER_LENGTH
                • CONCAT
                • CONCAT_WS
                • ELT
                • EXPORT_SET
                • FIELD
                • FIND_IN_SET
                • FORMAT
                • HEX
                • INSERT
                • INSTR
                • INT2IP
                • IP2INT
                • LCASE
                • LEFT
                • LENGTH
                • LOCATE
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • MAKE_SET
                • MID
                • OCT
                • OCTET_LENGTH
                • ORD
                • POSITION
                • QUOTE
                • REGEXP
                • REGEXP_INSTR
                • REGEXP_LIKE
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPEAT
                • REPLACE
                • REVERSE
                • RIGHT
                • RLIKE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SPACE
                • STRCMP
                • SUBSTR
                • SUBSTRING
                • SUBSTRING_INDEX
                • TRIM
                • UCASE
                • UNHEX
                • UPPER
                • WEIGHT_STRING
                • TO_BASE64
                • FROM_BASE64
                • SOUNDEX
              • Conversion functions
                • CAST
                • CONVERT
                • DECODE_TRACE_ID
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_PINYIN
              • Mathematical functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BIT_COUNT
                • CEIL
                • CEILING
                • CONV
                • COS
                • COT
                • CRC32
                • DEGREES
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • LOG10
                • LOG2
                • MOD
                • NEG
                • NORMAL
                • PI
                • POW
                • POWER
                • RADIANS
                • RAND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • ROUND
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TRUNCATE
                • UNIFORM
                • ZIPF
              • Comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • INTERVAL
                • ISNULL
                • LEAST
              • Process control functions
                • CASE
                • IF
                • IFNULL
                • NULLIF
                • ORA_DECODE
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • GROUP_CONCAT
              • GROUPING
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
            • Analysis functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • NTH_VALUE
              • NTILE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • RANK
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
            • Encryption functions
              • AES_DECRYPT
              • AES_ENCRYPT
              • COMPRESS
              • DECODE
              • DES_DECRYPT
              • DES_ENCRYPT
              • ENCODE
              • ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_DECRYPT
              • MD5
              • PASSWORD
              • UNCOMPRESS
              • UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH
              • RANDOM_BYTES
              • SHA
              • SHA1
              • SHA2
              • VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH
              • SM3
              • SM4_ENCRYPT
              • SM4_DECRYPT
            • Information functions
              • BENCHMARK
              • CHARSET
              • COERCIBILITY
              • COLLATION
              • CONNECTION_ID
              • CURRENT_ROLE
              • CURRENT_USER
              • DATABASE
              • FOUND_ROWS
              • LAST_INSERT_ID
              • ICU_VERSION
              • ROW_COUNT
              • SCHEMA
              • SESSION_USER
              • SYSTEM_USER
              • USER
              • VERSION
              • OB_VERSION
            • JSON functions
              • Overview
              • Create JSON text functions
                • JSON_ARRAY
                • JSON_OBJECT
                • JSON_QUOTE
              • Search JSON text functions
                • JSON_CONTAINS
                • JSON_CONTAINS_PATH
                • JSON_EXTRACT
                • JSON_KEYS
                • JSON_OVERLAPS
                • JSON_SEARCH
                • JSON_VALUE
                • MEMBER OF
              • Modify JSON text functions
                • JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
                • JSON_APPEND
                • JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
                • JSON_INSERT
                • JSON_MERGE
                • JSON_MERGE_PATCH
                • JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE
                • JSON_REMOVE
                • JSON_REPLACE
                • JSON_SET
                • JSON_UNQUOTE
              • Return JSON text property functions
                • JSON_DEPTH
                • JSON_LENGTH
                • JSON_TYPE
                • JSON_VALID
              • JSON_TABLE
              • JSON utility functions
                • JSON_PRETTY
                • JSON_STORAGE_SIZE
              • JSON aggregate functions
                • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                • JSON_OBJECTAGG
              • JSON schema validation functions
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALID
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALIDATION_REPORT
            • XML functions
              • Overview
              • Functions for querying XML data
                • EXTRACTVALUE
              • Functions for modifying XML data
                • UPDATEXML
            • Spatial functions
              • Overview
              • Functions that create geometry values
              • Spatial operation functions
              • Spatial relation functions
              • Geometry property functions
              • Geometry format conversion functions
              • Spatial analysis functions
              • Spatial constructor functions
              • Spatial accessor functions
              • Spatial format conversion functions
              • Geometry processing functions
              • _ST_GeoHash
            • Performance schema functions
              • FORMAT_BYTES
              • FORMAT_PICO_TIME
            • Lock functions
              • Overview
              • GET_LOCK
              • IS_FREE_LOCK
              • IS_USED_LOCK
              • RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS()
              • RELEASE_LOCK
            • GTID function
              • GTID_SUBSET()
              • GTID_SUBTRACT()
              • WAIT_FOR_EXECUTED_GTID_SET()
              • WAIT_UNTIL_SQL_THREAD_AFTER_GTIDS()
            • Other functions
              • ANY_VALUE
              • BIN_TO_UUID
              • COALESCE
              • DEFAULT
              • NAME_CONST
              • INET_ATON
              • INET_NTOA
              • INET6_ATON
              • INET6_NTOA
              • IS_IPV4
              • IS_IPV4_COMPAT
              • IS_IPV6
              • IS_UUID
              • NVL
              • UUID_TO_BIN
              • SLEEP
              • UUID
              • UUID_SHORT
              • VALUES
            • Audit functions
              • Overview
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_USER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_USER
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Subqueries
            • Joins
          • SQL statements
            • General syntax
            • Common table expressions
            • ALTER COMPILE
            • ALTER DATABASE
            • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
            • ALTER OUTLINE
            • ALTER SEQUENCE
            • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • ALTER SERVER
            • ALTER TABLE
            • ALTER TABLEGROUP
            • ALTER TABLESPACE
            • ALTER USER
            • ALTER VIEW
            • ALTER EVENT
            • ALTER LOGFILE GROUP
            • ANALYZE
            • CACHE INDEX
            • CHECK TABLE
            • CREATE DATABASE LINK
            • CREATE DATABASE
            • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
            • CREATE INDEX
            • CREATE OUTLINE
            • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
            • CREATE LOGFILE GROUP
            • DROP RESTORE POINT
            • CREATE ROLE
            • CREATE SEQUENCE
            • CREATE SERVER
            • CREATE TABLE
            • CREATE TABLEGROUP
            • CREATE TABLESPACE
            • CREATE USER
            • CREATE VIEW
            • CHECKSUM TABLE
            • CREATE EVENT
            • DEALLOCATE PREPARE
            • DROP DATABASE LINK
            • DELETE
            • DESCRIBE
            • DROP DATABASE
            • DROP EVENT
            • DROP INDEX
            • DROP OUTLINE
            • DROP FORMAT OUTLINE
            • DROP ROLE
            • DROP TABLE
            • DROP TABLEGROUP
            • DROP TABLESPACE
            • DROP SEQUENCE
            • DROP SERVER
            • DROP USER
            • DROP VIEW
            • DROP LOGFILE GROUP
            • EXECUTE
            • EXPLAIN
            • FLASHBACK
            • FLUSH
            • GRANT
            • HELP
            • HANDLER
            • INSERT
            • INSTALL PLUGIN
            • KILL
            • LOAD DATA
            • LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE
            • LOCK TABLES
            • OPTIMIZE
            • PREPARE
            • PURGE
            • PURGE RECYCLEBIN
            • RENAME USER
            • RENAME TABLE
            • REPLACE
            • REPAIR TABLE
            • REVOKE
            • SAVEPOINT
            • SCHEMA
            • SELECT INTO
            • SELECT
              • SELECT statement
              • JOIN clause
              • OVER clause
              • UNION clause
            • SET DEFAULT ROLE
            • SET
            • SET CHARSET
            • SET NAMES
            • SET PASSWORD
            • SET ROLE
            • SET TRANSACTION
            • SHOW
            • TRANSACTION
            • TRUNCATE TABLE
            • UNLOCK TABLES
            • UPDATE
            • USE
            • UNINSTALL PLUGIN
            • VALUES
            • XA transaction
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
        • User tenants (Oracle mode)
          • Introduction to SQL
          • Pseudo columns
            • Overview
            • Hierarchical query pseudocolumns
            • Sequence pseudo columns
            • ORA_ROWSCN pseudocolumn
            • ROWNUM pseudocolumn
            • ROWID pseudocolumn
          • Basic elements
            • Built-in data types
              • Overview
              • Character data types
                • Overview
                • CHAR data type
                • NCHAR data type
                • NVARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR data type
              • Numeric data types
                • Overview
                • NUMBER data type
                • FLOAT data type
                • Floating-point numbers
                • Precedence of numeric data types
              • Datetime and interval data types
                • Overview
                • DATE data type
                • TIMESTAMP data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data type
                • INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type
                • INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type
                • Calculation of dates, timestamps, and intervals
              • RAW data type
              • Large object data types
                • Overview
                • BLOB data type
                • CLOB data type
              • Rowid data types
              • User-defined data types
              • Any types
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create a column of the JSON data type
                • Query JSON data
                • Conversion rules for JSON data types
              • XML data types
                • Overview
                • XML data definition
                • Create a column of the XMLType data type
                • Query XMLType data
                • Conversion of the XMLType data type
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview
                • Create a spatial data column
                • SDO_GEOMETRY attribute access
            • Data type comparison rules
              • Overview
              • Numeric value comparison rules
              • Date value comparison rules
              • Character value comparison rules
              • Data type precedence
              • Data type conversion rules
              • Security considerations for data conversion
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Text literals
              • Numeric literals
              • Datetime literals
                • Date literals
                • Timestamp literals
              • Interval literals
            • Format model
              • Overview
              • Number format models
              • Datetime format models
              • RR datetime format element
              • String-to-date conversion rules
            • NULL value
              • Overview
              • NULLs in SQL functions
              • NULLs in comparison conditions
              • NULLs in conditional expressions
            • Annotations
              • Overview
              • Comments on SQL statements
              • Comments on schema and non-schema objects
              • Hints
                • Overview
                • Hint list
                  • Hints related to access path
                  • Hints related to join orders
                  • Hints related to joins
                  • Hints related to parallel execution
                  • Hints related to query strategies
                  • Hints related to query conversion
                  • Other hints
            • Database objects
              • Schema objects
              • Non-schema objects
            • Database naming conventions
              • Overview
              • Suggestions on schema object names
            • Database object reference methods
              • Overview
              • Reference schema objects
              • Reference objects in a remote database
                • Create a DBLink
                • Reference a DBLink
              • Access partitioned tables and indexes
              • Reference an attribute or method of an object type
            • Character sets and collations
          • Operators
            • Overview of operators
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Concatenation operator
            • Hierarchical query operators
            • Set operators
            • COLLATE operator
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Numeric functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BITAND
                • CEIL
                • COS
                • COSH
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • MOD
                • NANVL
                • NORMAL
                • POWER
                • REMAINDER
                • ROUND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SINH
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TANH
                • TRUNC
                • UNIFORM
                • WIDTH_BUCKET
                • ZIPF
              • String functions that return a string
                • CHR
                • CONCAT
                • INITCAP
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • NLS_LOWER
                • NLSSORT
                • NLS_UPPER
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPLACE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SUBSTR
                • TRANSLATE
                • TRANSLATE ... USING
                • TRIM
                • UPPER
              • String functions that return numbers
                • ASCII
                • INSTR
                • LENGTH
                • REGEXP_COUNT
                • REGEXP_INSTR
              • Datetime functions
                • ADD_MONTHS
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • DBTIMEZONE
                • EXTRACT(datetime)
                • FROM_TZ
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MONTHS_BETWEEN
                • NEXT_DAY
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • ROUND (date)
                • SESSIONTIMEZONE
                • SYS_EXTRACT_UTC
                • SYSDATE
                • SYSTIMESTAMP
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • TRUNC (date)
                • TZ_OFFSET
              • Generic comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • LEAST
              • Conversion functions
                • ASCIISTR
                • CAST
                • CHARTOROWID
                • CONVERT
                • HEXTORAW
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • RAWTOHEX
                • ROWIDTOCHAR
                • ROWIDTONCHAR
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
                • TO_BINARY_FLOAT
                • TO_BLOB
                • TO_CHAR(character)
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_CHAR(number)
                • TO_CLOB
                • TO_DATE
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_MULTI_BYTE
                • TO_NUMBER
                • TO_NCHAR(character)
                • TO_NCHAR(datetime)
                • TO_NCHAR(number)
                • TO_PINYIN
                • TO_SINGLE_BYTE
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • UNISTR
              • Encoding and decoding functions
                • DECODE
                • DUMP
                • ORA_HASH
                • VSIZE
              • Null value related functions
                • COALESCE
                • LNNVL
                • NANVL
                • NULLIF
                • NVL
                • NVL2
              • Environment and identifier functions
                • SYS_CONTEXT
                • SYS_GUID
                • UID
                • USER
                • USERENV
                • OB_VERSION
              • Hierarchical functions
                • SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
              • JSON functions
                • Overview
                • Create JSON text functions
                  • JSON_ARRAY
                  • JSON_OBJECT
                  • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                  • JSON_OBJECTAGG
                • Query JSON text functions
                  • JSON_VALUE
                  • JSON_QUERY
                  • JSON_EXISTS
                  • JSON_TABLE
                • Validate JSON text functions
                  • JSON_EQUAL
                • Modify JSON text functions
                  • JSON_MERGEPATCH
              • XML functions
                • Overview
                • Construct XMLType data functions
                  • XMLAGG
                  • XMLATTRIBUTES
                  • XMLELEMENT
                  • XMLPARSE
                  • XMLCONCAT
                  • XMLFOREST
                • Query XMLType data functions
                  • EXTRACT
                  • EXTRACTVALUE
                  • XMLSERIALIZE
                  • XMLCAST
                  • XMLTABLE
                  • XMLSEQUENCE
                  • EXISTSNODE
                • Modify XMLType data functions
                  • UPDATEXML
                  • INSERTCHILDXML
                  • DELETEXML
              • Spatial-functions
                • Overview
                • SDO_GEOMETRY constructor functions
                • SDO_GEOMETRY query functions
                • SDO_GEOMETRY format conversion functions
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • GROUPING
              • KEEP
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROLLUP
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
              • GROUP_ID
              • GROUPING_ID
            • Analysis functions
              • Analytic functions
              • AVG
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • KEEP
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • NTILE
              • NTH_VALUE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • RATIO_TO_REPORT
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
            • Table functions
              • Table function
          • Expressions
            • Overview
            • Simple expressions
            • Compound expressions
            • Case expressions
            • Column expressions
            • CURSOR expressions
            • Datetime expressions
            • Function expressions
            • Interval expressions
            • Scalar subquery expressions
            • Type constructor expressions
            • Expression list
          • Conditions
            • Overview
            • Condition precedence
            • Comparison conditions
            • Floating-point conditions
            • Logical conditions
            • Pattern-matching conditions
            • NULL conditions
            • Compound conditions
            • BETWEEN condition
            • EXISTS condition
            • IN condition
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Simple queries
            • Hierarchical queries
            • Composite queries
            • Join queries
            • Subqueries
            • Lateral derived tables
            • DUAL table query
          • SQL statements
            • DDL
              • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
              • ALTER INDEX
              • ALTER KEYSTORE
              • ALTER OUTLINE
              • ALTER PROFILE
              • ALTER ROLE
              • ALTER SEQUENCE
              • ALTER SESSION
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH PLAN CACHE
              • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
              • ALTER SYSTEM PARAMETER
              • ALTER TABLE
              • ALTER TABLEGROUP
              • ALTER USER
              • COMMENT
              • CREATE CONTEXT
              • CREATE DIRECTORY
              • CREATE DATABASE LINK
              • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
              • CREATE INDEX
              • CREATE KEYSTORE
              • CREATE OUTLINE
              • CREATE PROFILE
              • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
              • CREATE ROLE
              • CREATE SEQUENCE
              • CREATE SYNONYM
              • CREATE TABLE
              • CREATE TABLEGROUP
              • CREATE TABLESPACE
              • CREATE USER
              • CREATE VIEW
              • DROP CONTEXT
              • DROP DATABASE LINK
              • DROP DIRECTORY
              • DROP INDEX
              • DROP OUTLINE
              • DROP PROFILE
              • DROP FORMAT OUTLINE
              • DROP ROLE
              • DROP SEQUENCE
              • DROP SYNONYM
              • DROP TABLE
              • DROP TABLEGROUP
              • DROP TABLESPACE
              • DROP USER
              • DROP VIEW
              • RENAME
              • TRUNCATE TABLE
              • MAJOR and MINOR
            • DML
              • DELETE
              • INSERT
              • MERGE
              • PURGE
              • EXPLAIN
              • SELECT
                • SIMPLE SELECT
                • Set-based SELECT
                • WITH CLAUSE
              • UPDATE
            • DCL
              • ANALYZE
              • ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
              • AUDIT
              • COMMIT
              • FLASHBACK TABLE BEFORE DROP
              • GRANT
              • KILL
              • LOAD DATA
              • LOCK TABLE
              • REVOKE
              • ROLLBACK
              • SAVEPOINT
              • SET NAMES
              • SET PASSWORD
              • SET ROLE
              • SET VARIABLE
              • SHOW
              • SHRINK
              • TRANSACTION
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
      • SQL specifications and practices
        • Limitations on writing SQL statements
        • SQL writing specifications
          • SELECT statements
          • DML statement writing standards
          • DDL statements
          • Multi-table join
          • Table scan
          • Transactions
          • Cache
          • Hint
          • Other related specifications
        • SQL statement examples
          • Implicit data type conversion
          • Join tables
          • Read with weak consistency
          • Pagination
      • PL reference
        • What is PL
          • PL overview
          • Main features of PL
          • PL architecture
        • PL reference (MySQL mode)
          • Syntax of PL stored programs
          • PL stored procedures
            • Overview
            • Variables in stored programs
            • Stored procedures
            • Stored objects and privilege management
            • Stored functions
            • Triggers
            • Events
            • Limitations on stored programs
          • PL cursors
            • Overview
            • Cursor execution process
            • Limitations on server cursors
          • PL conditional control statements
            • CASE
            • IF
            • ITERATE
            • LEAVE
            • LOOP
            • REPEAT
            • RETURN
            • WHILE
          • PL data manipulation statements
            • CALL
            • DO
          • PL data definition statements
            • ALTER FUNCTION
            • ALTER PROCEDURE
            • CREATE FUNCTION
            • CREATE PROCEDURE
            • CREATE TRIGGER
            • DROP FUNCTION
            • DROP PROCEDURE
            • DROP TRIGGER
          • PL database management statements
            • SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
            • SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
            • SHOW CREATE TRIGGER
            • SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
            • SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
            • SHOW TRIGGERS
          • PL related dictionary views
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA TRIGGERS
          • PL exception handling
            • Overview
            • DECLARE ... CONDITION
            • DECLARE ... HANDLER
            • GET DIAGNOSTICS
            • RESIGNAL
            • SIGNAL
            • Procedure scope
            • Diagnostics area
            • Exception handling and OUT/INOUT parameters
            • Limitations on exception handling
          • PL system packages
            • Overview of system packages
            • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
              • Overview
              • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • CREATE_PLAN
              • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • DELETE_PLAN
              • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
              • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DBMS_STATS
              • Overview
              • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
              • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
              • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
              • DROP_STAT_TABLE
              • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
              • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
              • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
              • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
              • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • GET_PARAM
              • GET_PREFS
              • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
              • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
              • PURGE_STATS
              • SET_COLUMN_STATS
              • SET_INDEX_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_STATS
              • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
              • SET_PARAM
              • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_PREFS
              • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • DBMS_UDR
              • Overview
              • CREATE_RULE
              • DISABLE_RULE
              • ENABLE_RULE
              • REMOVE_RULE
            • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
              • Overview
              • ASH_REPORT
              • CREATE_SNAPSHOT
              • DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE
              • MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS
            • DBMS_XPLAN
              • Overview
              • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
              • DISPLAY_CURSOR
              • DISPLAY
              • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
              • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
            • DBMS_BALANCE
              • Overview of DBMS_BALANCE
              • SET_BALANCE_WEIGHT
              • CLEAR_BALANCE_WEIGHT
              • TRIGGER_PARTITION_BALANCE
            • DBMS_LIMIT_CALCULATOR
              • Overview
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_UNIT
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_LOGIC_RES
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_STANDBY_TENANT
            • DBMS_DATA_DICT
              • DBMS_DATA_DICT
          • Reserved and non-reserved PL keywords
        • PL reference (Oracle mode)
          • PL language basics
            • Character sets
            • Lexical elements
            • Declaration
            • Reference identifiers
            • Identifier scope and visibility
            • Assignment
            • Expressions
            • PL blocks
            • Subprograms
            • Error-reporting functions
          • PL data types
            • Overview
            • SQL data types
            • LOB data types
            • BOOLEAN type
            • User-defined subtypes
            • PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER
            • Arrays
            • PL JSON data types
          • PL process control
            • Overview
            • Conditional control
            • Loop control
            • Sequential control
          • PL collections and records
            • Overview
            • Collections
            • Associative arrays
            • Varrays
            • Nested tables
            • Collection constructors
            • Collection methods
              • Overview
              • DELETE method
              • TRIM method
              • EXTEND method
              • EXISTS method
              • FIRST and LAST methods
              • COUNT method
              • LIMIT method
              • PRIOR and NEXT methods
            • RECORD
            • Insert records into a table and update a table by using records
            • Create and call a subprogram with record type parameters
          • PL static SQL
            • Overview
            • Cursors
              • Overview
              • Cursor attributes
              • Implicit cursors
              • Explicit cursors
              • Cursor variables
              • Use a FOR loop to traverse a cursor
              • Modify and drop a cursor
            • Transaction processing and control
            • Autonomous transactions
              • Overview
              • Control autonomous transactions
              • Autonomous triggers
              • Call autonomous functions from SQL statements
            • FORALL and BULK COLLECT
          • PL dynamic SQL
            • Overview
            • Execute dynamic SQL
            • DBMS_SQL system package
          • PL stored procedures and functions
            • Overview
            • Create a stored procedure
            • Create a function
            • Manage stored procedures and functions
            • Privilege control
            • Pipeline functions
              • Overview
              • Create a pipelined table function
              • Application
            • User-defined functions
              • Overview
              • Interface for user-defined aggregate functions
              • Create a user-defined aggregate function
              • Use user-defined aggregate functions
            • Collection of stored procedure information and its impact on parallel execution of SQL statements
            • PL Database Link
          • PL triggers
            • Overview
            • Create a DML trigger
            • Modify and drop a trigger
            • Disable or enable a trigger
            • Query trigger information
            • INSTEAD OF DML triggers
            • Composite DML triggers
            • System triggers
          • PL packages
            • Overview
            • Create a package
            • Overloaded programs in a package
            • Manage packages
            • Definition of the PL environment by the STANDARD package
          • PL exception handling
            • Overview
            • Compile-time warnings
            • Exception types
            • Exception handling processes
          • DDL operations on stored PL units
            • Overview
            • ALTER FUNCTION
            • ALTER PACKAGE
            • ALTER PROCEDURE
            • ALTER TRIGGER
            • ALTER TYPE
            • CREATE FUNCTION
            • CREATE PACKAGE
            • CREATE PACKAGE BODY
            • CREATE PROCEDURE
            • CREATE TRIGGER
            • CREATE TYPE
            • CREATE TYPE BODY
            • DROP FUNCTION
            • DROP PACKAGE
            • DROP PROCEDURE
            • DROP TRIGGER
            • DROP TYPE
            • DROP TYPE BODY
          • PL label security package
            • Overview
            • SA_SYSDBA policy management package
              • Overview
              • SA_SYSDBA.ALTER_POLICY
              • SA_SYSDBA.CREATE_POLICY
              • SA_SYSDBA.DROP_POLICY
            • SA_COMPONENTS label component package
              • Overview
              • SA_COMPONENTS.ALTER_LEVEL
              • SA_COMPONENTS.CREATE_LEVEL
              • SA_COMPONENTS.DROP_LEVEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN label management package
              • Overview
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.ALTER_LABEL
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.CREATE_LABEL
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.DROP_LABEL
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN policy management package
              • Overview
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.APPLY_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.DISABLE_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.ENABLE_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.REMOVE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_USER_ADMIN user label management package
              • Overview
              • SA_USER_ADMIN.SET_LEVELS
            • SA_SESSION session management package
              • Overview
              • SA_SESSION.LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.RESTORE_DEFAULT_LABELS
              • SA_SESSION.ROW_LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.SET_LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.SET_ROW_LABEL
          • PL system package (Oracle mode)
            • Overview
            • DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO
              • Overview
              • READ_CLIENT_INFO
              • READ_MODULE
              • SET_ACTION
              • SET_CLIENT_INFO
              • SET_MODULE
            • DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT
              • Overview
              • CLEAN_AUDIT_TRAIL
              • CREATE_PURGE_JOB
              • DROP_PURGE_JOB
              • SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP
              • SET_PURGE_JOB_STATUS
            • DBMS_BALANCE
              • Overview of DBMS_BALANCE
              • SET_BALANCE_WEIGHT
              • CLEAR_BALANCE_WEIGHT
              • TRIGGER_PARTITION_BALANCE
            • DBMS_CRYPTO
              • Overview
              • ENCRYPT
              • DECRYPT
              • HASH
            • DBMS_DEBUG
              • Overview
              • ATTACH_SESSION
              • CONTINUE
              • DEBUG_ON
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              • DETACH_SESSION
              • DELETE_BREAKPOINT
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              • ENABLE_BREAKPOINT
              • GET_VALUE
              • GET_VALUES
              • GET_RUNTIME_INFO
              • GET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
              • INITIALIZE
              • PROBE_VERSION
              • PRINT_BACKTRACE
              • SET_TIMEOUT
              • SET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
              • SET_BREAKPOINT
              • SHOW_BREAKPOINTS
            • DBMS_DESCRIBE
              • Overview
              • DESCRIBE_PROCEDURE
            • DBMS_JOB
              • Overview
              • BROKEN
              • CHANGE
              • ZONE
              • INTERVAL
              • NEXT_DATE
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              • RUN
              • SUBMIT
              • USER_EXPORT
              • WHAT
            • DBMS_LOB
              • Overview
              • APPEND
              • CLOSE
              • COPY
              • CREATETEMPORARY
              • ERASE
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              • GETLENGTH
              • ISOPEN
              • INSTR
              • ISTEMPORARY
              • OPEN
              • READ
              • SUBSTR
              • TRIM
              • WRITE
              • WRITEAPPEND
            • DBMS_LOCK
              • Overview
              • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE
              • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE_AUTONOMOUS
              • REQUEST
              • SLEEP
            • DBMS_METADATA
              • Overview
              • GET_DDL
              • GET_TABLE_INDEX_DDL
            • DBMS_MONITOR
              • Overview
              • OB_SESSION_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_SESSION_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_TENANT_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_TENANT_TRACE_DISABLE
            • DBMS_OUTPUT
              • Overview
              • DISABLE
              • ENABLE
              • GET_LINE
              • GET_LINES
              • NEW_LINE
              • PUT
              • PUT_LINE
            • DBMS_PLAN_CACHE
              • Overview
              • PURGE
            • DBMS_RANDOM
              • Overview
              • INITIALIZE
              • NORMAL
              • RANDOM
              • SEED
              • STRING
              • TERMINATE
              • VALUE
            • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
              • Overview
              • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • CREATE_PLAN
              • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • DELETE_PLAN
              • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
              • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DBMS_SCHEDULER
              • Overview
              • CREATE_JOB
              • CREATE_PROGRAM
              • DEFINE_PROGRAM_ARGUMENT
              • DISABLE
              • DROP_JOB
              • DROP_PROGRAM
              • ENABLE
              • GENERATE_JOB_NAME
              • RUN_JOB
              • SET_ATTRIBUTE
              • SET_JOB_ARGUMENT_VALUE
              • DISABLE
              • STOP_JOB
              • ENABLE
            • DBMS_SESSION
              • Overview
              • CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT
              • CLEAR_CONTEXT
              • CLEAR_IDENTIFIER
              • RESET_PACKAGE
              • SET_CONTEXT
              • SET_IDENTIFIER
            • DBMS_SQL
              • Overview
              • BIND_VARIABLE
              • CLOSE_CURSOR
              • COLUMN_VALUE
              • DEFINE_COLUMN
              • DEFINE_ARRAY
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              • EXECUTE
              • EXECUTE_AND_FETCH
              • FETCH_ROWS
              • IS_OPEN
              • LAST_ERROR_POSITION
              • OPEN_CURSOR
              • PARSE
              • VARIABLE_VALUE
            • DBMS_STATS
              • Overview
              • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
              • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
              • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
              • DROP_STAT_TABLE
              • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
              • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
              • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
              • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
              • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • GET_PARAM
              • GET_PREFS
              • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
              • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
              • PURGE_STATS
              • SET_COLUMN_STATS
              • SET_INDEX_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_STATS
              • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
              • SET_PARAM
              • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_PREFS
              • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • COPY_TABLE_STATS
            • DBMS_UDR
              • Overview
              • CREATE_RULE
              • DISABLE_RULE
              • ENABLE_RULE
              • REMOVE_RULE
            • DBMS_UTILITY
              • Overview of DBMS_UTILITY
              • ACTIVE_INSTANCES
              • CURRENT_INSTANCE
              • DB_VERSION
              • FORMAT_CALL_STACK
              • FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE
              • FORMAT_ERROR_STACK
              • GET_ENDIANNESS
              • GET_HASH_VALUE
              • GET_PARAMETER_VALUE
              • GET_SQL_HASH
              • GET_TIME
              • IS_BIT_SET
              • IS_CLUSTER_DATABASE
              • NAME_RESOLVE
              • NAME_TOKENIZE
              • OLD_CURRENT_SCHEMA
              • OLD_CURRENT_USER
              • PORT_STRING
              • TABLE_TO_COMMA
              • COMMA_TO_TABLE
            • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
              • Overview
              • ASH_REPORT
            • DBMS_XA
              • Overview
              • DBMS_XA constants
              • DBMS_XA_XID object type
              • DIST_TXN_SYNC
              • XA_COMMIT
              • XA_END
              • XA_FORGET
              • XA_GETLASTOER
              • XA_PREPARE
              • XA_RECOVER
              • XA_ROLLBACK
              • XA_SETTIMEOUT
              • XA_START
            • DBMS_XMLGEN
              • Overview
              • CONVERT
            • DBMS_PROFILER
              • Overview
              • START_PROFILER
              • STOP_PROFILER
              • PAUSE_PROFILER
              • RESUME_PROFILER
              • FLUSH_DATA
              • GET_VERSION
              • INTERNAL_VERSION_CHECK
              • ROLLUP_UNIT
              • ROLLUP_RUN
              • OB_INIT_OBJECTS
              • OB_DROP_OBJECTS
            • DBMS_XPLAN
              • Overview
              • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
              • DISPLAY_CURSOR
              • DISPLAY
              • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
              • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
            • DBMS_DDL
              • Overview of DBMS_DDL
              • WRAP
              • CREATE_WRAPPED
            • ODCIConst
              • Overview
              • ODCIArgDesc.ArgType
              • ODCIEnv.CallProperty
              • ODCIEnv.Envflags
              • ODCIIndexAlter
              • ODCIIndexAlter parameter alter_option
              • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexInfoFlags
              • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexParaDegree
              • ODCIPredInfo.Flags
              • ODCIQueryInfo.Flags
              • ODCIStatsOptions.Flags
              • ODCIStatsOptions.Options
              • Return Status
              • ScnFlg
            • UTL_ENCODE
              • Overview
              • BASE64_DECODE
              • BASE64_ENCODE
            • UTL_FILE
              • Overview
              • FCLOSE
              • FFLUSH
              • FOPEN
              • FGETPOS
              • FREMOVE
              • FRENAME
              • FSEEK
              • NEW_LINE
              • GET_LINE
              • PUT
              • PUT_LINE
            • UTL_I18N
              • Overview
              • RAW_TO_CHAR
              • STRING_TO_RAW
            • UTL_RECOMP
              • Overview
              • RECOMP_PARALLEL
              • RECOMP_SERIAL
              • TRUNCATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
              • POPULATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
              • PARALLEL_SLAVE
            • UTL_RAW
              • Overview
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_COMPLEMENT
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_DOUBLE
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_FLOAT
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_INTEGER
              • CAST_FROM_NUMBER
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_FLOAT
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_INTEGER
              • CAST_TO_NUMBER
              • CAST_TO_RAW
              • CAST_TO_VARCHAR2
              • COMPARE
              • CONCAT
              • COPIES
              • LENGTH
              • REVERSE
              • SUBSTR
              • TRANSLATE
            • UTL_TCP
              • Overview of UTL_TCP
              • OPEN_CONNECTION
              • CLOSE_CONNECTION
              • CLOSE_ALL_CONNECTIONS
              • WRITE_LINE
              • WRITE_TEXT
              • WRITE_RAW
              • GET_LINE
              • GET_TEXT
            • UTL_SMTP
              • Overview of UTL_SMTP
              • OPEN_CONNECTION
              • CLOSE_CONNECTION
              • QUIT
              • AUTH
              • COMMAND
              • COMMAND_REPLIES
              • HELO
              • EHLO
              • MAIL
              • RCPT
              • OPEN_DATA
              • WRITE_DATA
              • WRITE_RAW_DATA
              • CLOSE_DATA
              • DATA
              • VRFY
              • HELP
              • NOOP
              • RSET
            • ANYDATA TYPE
              • Overview of the ANYDATA type
              • BEGINCREATE static stored procedure
              • ENDCREATE member procedure
              • GET* member function
              • GETTYPE member function
              • GETTYPENAME member function
              • PIECEWISE member stored procedure
              • SET* member stored procedure
            • XMLType
              • Overview of XMLType
              • CREATEXML
              • GETCLOBVAL
              • GETSTRINGVAL
              • TRANSFORM
              • XMLTYPE
              • EXISTSNODE
              • EXTRACT
          • Reserved PL keywords
      • Reserved keywords (MySQL mode)
      • Reserved keywords (Oracle mode)
      • Data type conversion behavior in MySQL tenants in strict mode
    • System views
      • Overview
      • System views overview
      • Changes in views in OceanBase Database V3.x and V4.x
      • SYS tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.audit_log_filter
          • mysql.audit_log_user
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.CDB_CKPT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
          • CDB_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • CDB_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ROOTSERVICE_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_COLUMN_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLUSTER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQL_PLAN
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_REDIS_TABLE
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • gv$tenant
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • gv$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$UNIT
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • V$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • V$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • v$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • V$UNIT
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
      • MySQL tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.audit_log_filter
          • mysql.audit_log_user
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • mysql.role_edges
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • mysql.time_zone
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQL_PLAN
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_REDIS_TABLE
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • V$DML_STATS
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • V$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
      • Oracle tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • ALL_ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_ARGUMENTS
          • ALL_COL_COMMENTS
          • ALL_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_COL_PRIVS
          • ALL_CONSTRAINTS
          • ALL_CONS_COLUMNS
          • ALL_DB_LINKS
          • ALL_DEF_AUDIT_OPTS
          • ALL_ERRORS
          • ALL_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • ALL_IND_COLUMNS
          • ALL_IND_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_IND_STATISTICS
          • ALL_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_INDEXES
          • ALL_METHOD_PARAMS
          • ALL_OBJECTS
          • ALL_OB_SOURCE
          • ALL_PART_INDEXES
          • ALL_SEQUENCES
          • ALL_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_PART_TABLES
          • ALL_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • ALL_PLSQL_TYPES
          • ALL_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_POLICIES
          • ALL_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • ALL_POLICY_GROUPS
          • ALL_PROCEDURES
          • ALL_PROFILES
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • ALL_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • ALL_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • ALL_SOURCE
          • ALL_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_SYNONYMS
          • ALL_DIRECTORIES
          • ALL_DEPENDENCIES
          • ALL_TAB_COLS
          • ALL_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_COLUMNS
          • ALL_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_TAB_COMMENTS
          • ALL_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • ALL_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_TAB_PRIVS
          • ALL_TAB_STATISTICS
          • AUDIT_ACTIONS
          • ALL_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • ALL_TRIGGERS
          • ALL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_TYPE_METHODS
          • ALL_TYPES
          • ALL_USERS
          • DBA_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_VIEWS
          • DBA_COL_COMMENTS
          • DBA_ALL_TABLES
          • DBA_ARGUMENTS
          • DBA_CONS_COLUMNS
          • DBA_AUDIT_EXISTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • DBA_ERRORS
          • DBA_AUDIT_SESSION
          • DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • DBA_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_COL_PRIVS
          • DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • DBA_CONSTRAINTS
          • DBA_CONTEXT
          • DBA_DB_LINKS
          • DBA_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_OBJ_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • DBA_INDEXES
          • DBA_JOBS
          • DBA_METHOD_PARAMS
          • DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • DBA_ROLES
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_STMT_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • DBA_DEPENDENCIES
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_DIRECTORIES
          • DBA_OB_LS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_JOBS_RUNNING
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_PL_OBJ_CACHE_STATUS
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • STMT_AUDIT_OPTION_MAP
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • DBA_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • USER_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • USER_COL_COMMENTS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • DBA_OB_SOURCE
          • USER_CONS_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • USER_ERRORS
          • DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • USER_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OBJECTS
          • DBA_PLSQL_TYPES
          • DBA_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_PART_TABLES
          • USER_SEQUENCES
          • DBA_POLICIES
          • DBA_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • DBA_POLICY_GROUPS
          • DBA_PROCEDURES
          • DBA_PROFILES
          • DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • USER_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
          • DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • DBA_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • DBA_SEGMENTS
          • DBA_SOURCE
          • USER_DEPENDENCIES
          • DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • USER_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • USER_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_TAB_STATISTICS
          • DBA_SYNONYMS
          • DBA_SYS_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_COLS
          • DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
          • DBA_TAB_COMMENTS
          • DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_TABLES
          • DBA_TABLESPACES
          • DBA_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • DBA_TRIGGERS
          • DBA_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_TYPE_METHODS
          • DBA_TYPES
          • DBA_USERS
          • DBA_VIEWS
          • DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • DBMS_LOCK_ALLOCATED
          • DICT
          • DICTIONARY
          • NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
          • PROXY_USERS
          • ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
          • ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
          • ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_GLOBAL_VARIABLE
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_SESSION_VARIABLE
          • USER_ALL_TABLES
          • USER_ARGUMENTS
          • USER_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • USER_AUDIT_SESSION
          • USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • USER_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • USER_COL_PRIVS
          • USER_CONSTRAINTS
          • USER_DB_LINKS
          • DBA_SEQUENCES
          • USER_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • USER_IND_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • USER_IND_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • USER_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_INDEXES
          • USER_JOBS
          • USER_OBJECTS
          • USER_PART_INDEXES
          • USER_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_PART_TABLES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPES
          • USER_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_POLICIES
          • USER_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_POLICY_GROUPS
          • USER_PROCEDURES
          • USER_PROFILES
          • USER_RECYCLEBIN
          • USER_ROLE_PRIVS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • USER_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • USER_OB_SOURCE
          • USER_SEGMENTS
          • USER_SOURCE
          • USER_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_SYNONYMS
          • USER_SYS_PRIVS
          • DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • USER_TAB_COLS
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • USER_TAB_COLUMNS
          • USER_TAB_COMMENTS
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • USER_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • USER_TAB_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_TABLES
          • USER_TABLESPACES
          • USER_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • USER_TRIGGERS
          • USER_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_TYPE_METHODS
          • USER_TYPES
          • USER_USERS
          • USER_VIEWS
          • DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DBLINK
          • GV$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$INSTANCE
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OPEN_CURSOR
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$VERSION
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • V$DML_STATS
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$STATNAME
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DBLINK
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$GLOBALCONTEXT
          • V$INSTANCE
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$NLS_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OPEN_CURSOR
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$TIMEZONE_NAMES
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
      • Common statistical events
      • General wait events
    • Parameters and system variables
      • Overview
      • Changes in parameters and system variables from V3.x to V4.x
      • Parameters
        • Overview of parameters
        • Cluster-level parameters
          • alert_log_level
          • all_cluster_list
          • all_server_list
          • arbitration_degradation_policy
          • auto_broadcast_location_cache_rate_limit
          • auto_leader_switch_interval
          • auto_refresh_location_cache_rate_limit
          • autoinc_cache_refresh_interval
          • backup_backup_dest
          • backup_backup_dest_option
          • backup_concurrency
          • backup_dest
          • backup_dest_option
          • backup_log_archive_option
          • backup_net_limit
          • backup_recovery_window
          • backup_region
          • backup_zone
          • balance_blacklist_failure_threshold
          • balance_blacklist_retry_interval
          • balancer_emergency_percentage
          • balancer_log_interval
          • balancer_task_timeout
          • balancer_timeout_check_interval
          • balancer_tolerance_percentage
          • bf_cache_miss_count_threshold
          • bf_cache_priority
          • builtin_db_data_verify_cycle
          • cache_wash_threshold
          • clog_cache_priority
          • clog_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • clog_disk_utilization_threshold
          • clog_expire_days
          • clog_sync_time_warn_threshold
          • clog_transport_compress_func
          • cluster
          • cluster_id
          • config_additional_dir
          • cpu_count
          • cpu_reserved
          • data_copy_concurrency
          • data_dir
          • data_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • data_disk_write_limit_percentage
          • data_storage_error_tolerance_time
          • data_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • datafile_disk_percentage
          • datafile_maxsize
          • datafile_next
          • datafile_size
          • dead_socket_detection_timeout
          • debug_sync_timeout
          • default_compress
          • default_compress_func
          • default_row_format
          • default_transport_compress_func
          • devname
          • diag_syslog_per_error_limit
          • disk_io_thread_count
          • dtl_buffer_size
          • election_blacklist_interval
          • election_cpu_quota
          • enable_asan_for_memory_context
          • enable_async_syslog
          • enable_auto_leader_switch
          • enable_auto_refresh_location_cache
          • enable_cgroup
          • enable_dblink
          • enable_ddl
          • enable_election_group
          • enable_global_background_resource_isolation
          • enable_global_freeze_trigger
          • enable_log_archive
          • enable_major_freeze
          • enable_manual_merge
          • enable_merge_by_turn
          • enable_ob_esi_process
          • enable_ob_ratelimit
          • enable_one_phase_commit
          • enable_perf_event
          • enable_pg
          • enable_record_trace_id
          • enable_record_trace_log
          • enable_rereplication
          • enable_rich_error_msg
          • enable_rootservice_standalone
          • enable_separate_sys_clog
          • enable_smooth_leader_switch
          • enable_sql_audit
          • enable_sql_operator_dump
          • enable_sys_table_ddl
          • enable_sys_unit_standalone
          • enable_syslog_recycle
          • enable_syslog_wf
          • enable_tcp_keepalive
          • enable_upgrade_mode
          • fast_recovery_concurrency
          • flush_log_at_trx_commit
          • fuse_row_cache_priority
          • gc_wait_archive
          • get_leader_candidate_rpc_timeout
          • global_background_cpu_quota
          • global_index_build_single_replica_timeout
          • global_major_freeze_residual_memory
          • global_write_halt_residual_memory
          • high_priority_net_thread_count
          • ignore_replay_checksum_error
          • ignore_replica_checksum_error
          • ilog_index_expire_time
          • index_block_cache_priority
          • index_cache_priority
          • index_clog_cache_priority
          • index_info_block_cache_priority
          • internal_sql_execute_timeout
          • large_query_threshold
          • large_query_worker_percentage
          • leak_mod_to_check
          • lease_time
          • local_ip
          • location_cache_cpu_quota
          • location_cache_expire_time
          • location_cache_priority
          • location_cache_refresh_min_interval
          • location_cache_refresh_rpc_timeout
          • location_cache_refresh_sql_timeout
          • location_fetch_concurrency
          • location_refresh_thread_count
          • log_archive_batch_buffer_limit
          • log_archive_checkpoint_interval
          • log_disk_percentage
          • log_disk_size
          • log_storage_warning_trigger_percentage
          • log_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • ls_meta_table_check_interval
          • max_kept_major_version_number
          • max_px_worker_count
          • max_string_print_length
          • max_syslog_file_count
          • memory_chunk_cache_size
          • memory_limit
          • memory_limit_percentage
          • memory_reserved
          • memstore_limit_percentage
          • merge_stat_sampling_ratio
          • merge_thread_count
          • merger_completion_percentage
          • merger_switch_leader_duration_time
          • merger_warm_up_duration_time
          • micro_block_merge_verify_level
          • migrate_concurrency
          • migration_disable_time
          • min_observer_version
          • minor_deferred_gc_time
          • minor_freeze_times
          • minor_merge_concurrency
          • minor_warm_up_duration_time
          • multiblock_read_gap_size
          • multiblock_read_size
          • mysql_port
          • net_thread_count
          • ob_esi_io_concurrency
          • ob_esi_max_syslog_file_count
          • ob_esi_memory_limit
          • ob_esi_rpc_port
          • ob_esi_session_timeout
          • ob_esi_syslog_level
          • rdma_io_thread_count
          • ob_event_history_recycle_interval
          • ob_ratelimit_stat_period
          • ob_startup_mode
          • ob_storage_s3_url_encode_type
          • obconfig_url
          • observer_id
          • ofs_list
          • opt_tab_stat_cache_priority
          • partition_table_check_interval
          • plan_cache_evict_interval
          • plan_cache_high_watermark
          • plan_cache_low_watermark
          • px_task_size
          • px_workers_per_cpu_quota
          • rebuild_replica_data_lag_threshold
          • recyclebin_object_expire_time
          • replica_safe_remove_time
          • resource_hard_limit
          • resource_soft_limit
          • restore_concurrency
          • rootservice_async_task_queue_size
          • rootservice_async_task_thread_count
          • rootservice_list
          • rootservice_memory_limit
          • rootservice_ready_check_interval
          • row_compaction_update_limit
          • row_purge_thread_count
          • rpc_client_authentication_method
          • rpc_port
          • rpc_server_authentication_method
          • rpc_timeout
          • schema_history_expire_time
          • schema_history_recycle_interval
          • server_balance_cpu_mem_tolerance_percent
          • server_balance_critical_disk_waterlevel
          • server_balance_disk_tolerance_percent
          • server_check_interval
          • server_cpu_quota_max
          • server_cpu_quota_min
          • server_data_copy_in_concurrency
          • server_data_copy_out_concurrency
          • server_permanent_offline_time
          • sql_audit_memory_limit
          • sql_login_thread_count
          • sql_net_thread_count
          • sql_protocol_min_tls_version
          • ssl_client_authentication
          • ssl_external_kms_info
          • stack_size
          • standby_fetch_log_bandwidth_limit
          • storage_meta_cache_priority
          • strict_check_os_params
          • switchover_process_thread_count
          • sys_bkgd_io_high_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_io_low_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_migration_change_member_list_timeout
          • sys_bkgd_migration_retry_num
          • sys_bkgd_net_percentage
          • sys_cpu_limit_trigger
          • syslog_compress_func
          • syslog_disk_size
          • syslog_file_uncompressed_count
          • syslog_io_bandwidth_limit
          • syslog_level
          • system_cpu_quota
          • system_memory
          • system_trace_level
          • tablet_ls_cache_priority
          • tablet_meta_table_check_interval
          • tablet_meta_table_scan_batch_count
          • tablet_size
          • tcp_keepcnt
          • tcp_keepidle
          • tcp_keepintvl
          • tenant_cpu_variation_per_server
          • tenant_groups
          • tenant_task_queue_size
          • token_reserved_percentage
          • trace_log_sampling_interval
          • trace_log_slow_query_watermark
          • trx_2pc_retry_interval
          • trx_force_kill_threshold
          • trx_try_wait_lock_timeout
          • unit_balance_resource_weight
          • unit_gc_wait_time
          • use_large_pages
          • user_block_cache_priority
          • user_iort_up_percentage
          • user_row_cache_priority
          • user_tab_col_stat_cache_priority
          • utl_file_open_max
          • virtual_table_location_cache_expire_time
          • wait_leader_batch_count
          • weak_read_version_refresh_interval
          • workers_per_cpu_quota
          • zone
          • zone_merge_concurrency
          • zone_merge_order
          • zone_merge_timeout
        • Tenant-level parameters
          • arbitration_timeout
          • archive_lag_target
          • audit_log_buffer_size
          • audit_log_compression
          • audit_log_enable
          • audit_log_format
          • audit_log_max_size
          • audit_log_path
          • audit_log_prune_seconds
          • audit_log_query_sql
          • audit_log_rotate_on_size
          • audit_log_strategy
          • audit_sys_operations
          • audit_trail
          • backup_data_file_size
          • balancer_idle_time
          • choose_migration_source_policy
          • clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count
          • clog_persistence_compress_func
          • compaction_dag_cnt_limit
          • compaction_high_thread_score
          • compaction_low_thread_score
          • compaction_mid_thread_score
          • compaction_schedule_tablet_batch_cnt
          • compatible
          • connection_control_failed_connections_threshold
          • connection_control_max_connection_delay
          • connection_control_min_connection_delay
          • cpu_quota_concurrency
          • ddl_thread_score
          • default_auto_increment_mode
          • default_enable_extended_rowid
          • default_progressive_merge_num
          • dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval
          • enable_clog_persistence_compress
          • enable_early_lock_release
          • enable_gts_standalone
          • enable_kv_group_commit
          • enable_kv_ttl
          • enable_lock_priority
          • enable_ls_leader_balance
          • enable_monotonic_weak_read
          • enable_rebalance
          • enable_sql_extension
          • enable_transfer
          • enable_user_defined_rewrite_rules
          • plsql_warnings
          • enable_ps_parameterize
          • external_kms_info
          • freeze_trigger_percentage
          • ha_high_thread_score
          • ha_low_thread_score
          • ha_mid_thread_score
          • io_category_config
          • job_queue_processes
          • json_document_max_depth
          • kv_group_commit_batch_size
          • kv_group_commit_rw_mode
          • kv_transport_compress_func
          • kv_transport_compress_threshold
          • kv_ttl_duty_duration
          • kv_ttl_history_recycle_interval
          • lob_enable_block_cache_threshold
          • log_archive_concurrency
          • log_disk_throttling_maximum_duration
          • log_disk_throttling_percentage
          • log_disk_utilization_limit_threshold
          • log_disk_utilization_threshold
          • log_restore_concurrency
          • log_storage_compress_all
          • log_storage_compress_func
          • log_transport_compress_all
          • log_transport_compress_func
          • ls_gc_delay_time
          • ls_scale_out_factor
          • major_compact_trigger
          • major_freeze_duty_time
          • max_partition_num
          • max_stale_time_for_weak_consistency
          • merger_check_interval
          • minor_compact_trigger
          • ob_compaction_schedule_interval
          • ob_enable_batched_multi_statement
          • ob_proxy_readonly_transaction_routing_policy
          • ob_query_switch_leader_retry_timeout
          • ob_ssl_invited_common_names
          • open_cursors
          • optimizer_index_cost_adj
          • partition_balance_schedule_interval
          • plsql_code_type
          • plsql_debug
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • plsql_v2_compatibility
          • ob_deterministic_udf_cache_max_size
          • query_memory_limit_percentage
          • query_response_time_flush
          • query_response_time_range_base
          • query_response_time_stats
          • range_optimizer_max_mem_size
          • recover_table_concurrency
          • recover_table_dop
          • replica_parallel_migration_mode
          • rpc_memory_limit_percentage
          • sql_work_area
          • standby_db_fetch_log_rpc_timeout
          • standby_db_preferred_upstream_log_region
          • sts_credential
          • tde_method
          • temporary_file_max_disk_size
          • tenant_sql_login_thread_count
          • tenant_sql_net_thread_count
          • ttl_thread_score
          • undo_retention
          • workarea_size_policy
          • writing_throttling_maximum_duration
          • writing_throttling_trigger_percentage
          • zone_deploy_mode
      • System variables
        • Overview
        • Global variables
          • activate_all_roles_on_login
          • auto_increment_cache_size
          • auto_increment_increment
          • auto_increment_offset
          • autocommit
          • automatic_sp_privileges
          • binlog_row_image
          • block_encryption_mode
          • cardinality_estimation_model
          • character_set_client
          • character_set_connection
          • character_set_database
          • character_set_filesystem
          • character_set_results
          • character_set_server
          • character_set_system
          • collation_connection
          • collation_database
          • collation_server
          • connect_timeout
          • cte_max_recursion_depth
          • cursor_sharing
          • datadir
          • debug_sync
          • default_password_lifetime
          • default_storage_engine
          • div_precision_increment
          • error_on_overlap_time
          • event_scheduler
          • explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
          • foreign_key_checks
          • group_concat_max_len
          • identity
          • init_connect
          • innodb_strict_mode
          • innodb_stats_persistent
          • interactive_timeout
          • lc_time_names
          • license
          • log_row_value_options
          • lower_case_table_names
          • max_allowed_packet
          • max_connections
          • max_sp_recursion_depth
          • max_user_connections
          • net_buffer_length
          • net_read_timeout
          • net_write_timeout
          • nls_calendar
          • nls_characterset
          • nls_comp
          • nls_currency
          • nls_date_format
          • nls_date_language
          • nls_dual_currency
          • nls_iso_currency
          • nls_length_semantics
          • nls_nchar_characterset
          • nls_nchar_conv_excp
          • nls_numeric_characters
          • nls_sort
          • nls_territory
          • nls_timestamp_format
          • nls_timestamp_tz_format
          • ob_bnl_join_cache_size
          • ob_create_table_strict_mode
          • ob_compatibility_mode
          • ob_compatibility_control
          • ob_compatibility_version
          • ob_default_lob_inrow_threshold
          • ob_default_replica_num
          • ob_enable_blk_nestedloop_join
          • ob_enable_trace_log
          • ob_enable_rich_error_msg
          • ob_enable_pl_cache
          • ob_enable_parameter_anonymous_block
          • ob_early_lock_release
          • ob_enable_hash_group_by
          • ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown
          • ob_enable_index_direct_select
          • ob_enable_jit
          • ob_enable_plan_cache
          • ob_enable_sql_audit
          • ob_enable_transformation
          • ob_enable_transmission_checksum
          • ob_enable_truncate_flashback
          • ob_global_debug_sync
          • ob_log_level
          • ob_max_read_stale_time
          • ob_pl_block_timeout
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_high_percentage
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_low_percentage
          • ob_plan_cache_percentage
          • ob_proxy_global_variables_version
          • ob_query_timeout
          • ob_read_consistency
          • ob_reserved_meta_memory_percentage
          • ob_route_policy
          • ob_security_version
          • ob_sql_audit_percentage
          • ob_sql_work_area_percentage
          • ob_tcp_invited_nodes
          • ob_temp_tablespace_size_percentage
          • ob_timestamp_service
          • ob_trx_idle_timeout
          • ob_trx_lock_timeout
          • ob_trx_timeout
          • optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
          • optimizer_features_enable
          • optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
          • parallel_degree_limit
          • parallel_degree_policy
          • parallel_max_servers
          • parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
          • parallel_servers_target
          • partition_index_dive_limit
          • performance_schema
          • pid_file
          • plugin_dir
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • port
          • query_cache_size
          • query_cache_type
          • range_index_dive_limit
          • read_only
          • recyclebin
          • regexp_stack_limit
          • regexp_time_limit
          • resource_manager_plan
          • secure_file_priv
          • socket
          • sql_auto_is_null
          • sql_mode
          • sql_quote_show_create
          • sql_safe_updates
          • sql_select_limit
          • sql_throttle_current_priority
          • sql_throttle_network
          • sql_throttle_priority
          • sql_throttle_rt
          • sql_warnings
          • system_time_zone
          • time_zone
          • transaction_isolation
          • transaction_read_only
          • tx_isolation
          • tx_read_only
          • version
          • version_comment
          • wait_timeout
          • validate_password_check_user_name
          • validate_password_length
          • validate_password_mixed_case_count
          • validate_password_number_count
          • validate_password_policy
          • validate_password_special_char_count
          • server_uuid
          • runtime_filter_type
          • runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
          • runtime_filter_max_in_num
          • runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
        • Session-level variables
          • auto_increment_increment
          • auto_increment_offset
          • autocommit
          • binlog_row_image
          • block_encryption_mode
          • character_set_client
          • character_set_database
          • character_set_filesystem
          • character_set_results
          • character_set_server
          • character_set_system
          • collation_connection
          • collation_database
          • collation_server
          • cte_max_recursion_depth
          • cursor_sharing
          • default_storage_engine
          • div_precision_increment
          • error_on_overlap_time
          • explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
          • foreign_key_checks
          • group_concat_max_len
          • identity
          • innodb_strict_mode
          • cardinality_estimation_model
          • interactive_timeout
          • is_result_accurate
          • last_insert_id
          • lc_time_names
          • max_allowed_packet
          • max_sp_recursion_depth
          • max_user_connections
          • net_buffer_length
          • net_read_timeout
          • net_write_timeout
          • nls_calendar
          • nls_comp
          • nls_currency
          • nls_date_format
          • nls_date_language
          • nls_dual_currency
          • nls_iso_currency
          • nls_language
          • nls_length_semantics
          • nls_nchar_conv_excp
          • nls_numeric_characters
          • nls_sort
          • nls_territory
          • nls_timestamp_format
          • nls_timestamp_tz_format
          • ob_bnl_join_cache_size
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Changes in parameters and system variables from V3.x to V4.x

Last Updated:2026-04-09 09:38:52  Updated
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What is on this page
Changes in related parameters in V4.x
Parameters replaced
Parameters that have changed their names
Parameters that change the scope
Parameters whose effective mode can be changed
System parameters whose default values are changed
System parameters that change their value ranges
Configuration items with changed effective mode
Obsolete parameters
Changes to system variables in V4.x
System variables whose default values can be changed
System variables whose value ranges or meanings have changed
System variables whose privileges have changed
New system variables
Obsolete system variables

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Due to the architectural upgrades and reorganization in OceanBase Database V4.x, many parameters or variables no longer function as intended. In V4.x, these ineffective parameters and variables have been removed or modified. For example, the parameter minor_freeze_times that triggers a major freeze has been deleted. Additionally, some default values of parameters have been adjusted. For instance, V4.x has been fundamentally improved to support large transactions, and transactions are no longer affected by freeze operations. Therefore, the default value of freeze_trigger_percentage has been changed to 20%.

Changes in related parameters in V4.x

Parameters replaced

The following table lists the parameters in V4.x that replace those in V3.x.

Parameter in V3.x Corresponding parameter in V4.x Description
backup_concurrency ha_low_thread_score The corresponding parameter in V4.x is a tenant-level parameter.
clog_disk_utilization_threshold log_disk_utilization_threshold The corresponding parameter in V4.x is a tenant-level parameter.
clog_transport_compress_func log_transport_compress_func The corresponding parameter in V4.x is a tenant-level parameter.
data_copy_concurrency, fast_recovery_concurrency, restore_concurrency ha_high_thread_score The corresponding parameter in V4.x is a tenant-level parameter.
log_archive_checkpoint_interval archive_lag_target The corresponding parameter in V4.x is a tenant-level parameter.
merge_thread_count compaction_low_thread_score The corresponding parameter in V4.x is a tenant-level parameter.
migrate_concurrency, server_data_copy_out_concurrency, server_data_copy_in_concurrency ha_mid_thread_score The corresponding parameter in V4.x is a tenant-level parameter.
sql_audit_memory_limit ob_sql_audit_percentage The corresponding feature is provided by a tenant-level system variable instead of a parameter.
minor_merge_concurrency compaction_mid_thread_score The corresponding parameter in V4.x is a tenant-level parameter.
clog_persistence_compress_func log_storage_compress_func The corresponding parameter in V4.x is a tenant-level parameter.
enable_clog_persistence_compress log_storage_compress_all The corresponding parameter in V4.x is a tenant-level parameter.

Parameters that have changed their names

The following table lists the parameters that have changed their names in V4.x.

Parameter name (V3.x) Parameter name (V4.x) Description
tableapi_transport_compress_func kv_transport_compress_func
  • For V4.2.x, the name was changed starting from V4.2.1 BP2, and the scope was adjusted to tenant level.
  • For V4.3.x, the name has not been changed yet.

Parameters that change the scope

OceanBase Database is a multi-tenant architecture. Most users create multiple tenants in the same cluster and manage them based on their business types. To meet the needs of users who want each tenant to represent a business unit, the V4.x version of OceanBase Database splits cluster-level capabilities into tenant-level capabilities. Examples include tenant-level backup and minor compactions.

The following table lists the parameters that change the scope.

Parameter Description
backup_data_file_size
  • For V4.2.x, starting from V4.2.1 BP2, the scope changed from cluster-level to tenant-level.
  • For V4.3.x, starting from V4.3.0, the scope changed from cluster-level to tenant-level.
enable_rebalance Starting from V4.2.0, the scope changed from cluster-level to tenant-level.
balancer_idle_time Starting from V4.2.0, the scope changed from cluster-level to tenant-level.
log_archive_concurrency Starting from V4.1.0, the scope changed from cluster-level to tenant-level.
log_restore_concurrency Starting from V4.1.0, the scope changed from cluster-level to tenant-level.
major_compact_trigger Starting from V4.0.0, the scope changed from cluster-level to tenant-level.
minor_compact_trigger Starting from V4.0.0, the scope changed from cluster-level to tenant-level.

Parameters whose effective mode can be changed

Parameters can be classified into two effective modes: dynamic and restart. Most parameters take effect dynamically, which means that they take effect without the need to restart the OBServer node.

The following table describes the parameters whose effective mode can be changed.

Parameter Description
enable_cgroup For OceanBase Database V4.2.5, the effective mode has been changed from restart to immediate effective since V4.2.5 BP2.
server_cpu_quota_min
  • For OceanBase Database V4.2.x, the effective mode has not been changed.
  • For OceanBase Database V4.3.x, the effective mode has been changed from restart to immediate effective since V4.3.0.
server_cpu_quota_max
  • For OceanBase Database V4.2.x, the effective mode has not been changed.
  • For OceanBase Database V4.3.x, the effective mode has been changed from restart to immediate effective since V4.3.0.

System parameters whose default values are changed

The following table describes the system parameters whose default values are changed.

Parameter name Description
compaction_dag_cnt_limit For V4.2.5, the default value is changed from 15000 to 50000 starting from V4.2.5 BP5.
dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval For V4.2.5, the default value is changed from 24h to 0 starting from V4.2.5 BP1.
memstore_limit_percentage
  • For V4.2.x, the default value is changed from 50 to 0 starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, the default value is changed from 50 to 0 starting from V4.3.0.
range_optimizer_max_mem_size
  • For V4.2.x, the default value is changed from 128 M to 0M starting from V4.2.2.
  • For V4.3.x, the default value is changed from 128 M to 0M starting from V4.3.0.
ls_gc_delay_time
  • For V4.2.x, the default value is changed from 1h to 0s starting from V4.2.1 BP1.
  • For V4.3.x, the default value is changed from 1h to 0s starting from V4.3.0.
enable_monotonic_weak_read Starting from V4.2.1, the default value is changed from true to false.
location_refresh_thread_count Starting from V4.2.0, the default value is changed from 4 to 2.
enable_record_trace_id Starting from V4.2.0, the default value is changed from true to false.
plan_cache_evict_interval Starting from V4.2.0, the default value is changed from 1s to 5s.
tenant_task_queue_size Starting from V4.1.0, the default value is changed from 65536 to 16384.
server_cpu_quota_min
  • Starting from V4.2.1, the default value is changed from 1 to 0.
  • Starting from V4.0.0, the default value is changed from 2.5 to 1.
writing_throttling_maximum_duration Starting from V4.0.0, the default value is changed from 1h to 2h.
writing_throttling_trigger_percentage Starting from V4.0.0, the default value is changed from 100 to 60.
freeze_trigger_percentage Starting from V4.0.0, the default value is changed from 70 to 20.

System parameters that change their value ranges

The following table describes the system parameters that change their value ranges.

Parameter name Description
compaction_schedule_tablet_batch_cnt For V4.2.5, the value range is adjusted from [10000, 200000] to [10000, 500000] starting from V4.2.5 BP5.
compaction_dag_cnt_limit For V4.2.5, the value range is adjusted from [10000, 200000] to [10000, 500000] starting from V4.2.5 BP5.
dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval For V4.2.5, the value range is adjusted from (0s, +∞) to [0s, +∞) starting from V4.2.5 BP1.
large_query_threshold
  • For V4.2.x, the value range is adjusted from [1ms, +∞) to [0ms, +∞) starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, the value range is adjusted from [1ms, +∞) to [0ms, +∞) starting from V4.3.0.
memstore_limit_percentage
  • For V4.2.x, the value range is adjusted from (0, 100) to [0, 100) starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, the value range is adjusted from (0, 100) to [0, 100) starting from V4.3.0.
range_optimizer_max_mem_size
  • For V4.2.x, the value range is adjusted from [16M, 1G] to [0M, +∞) starting from V4.2.2.
  • For V4.3.x, the value range is adjusted from [16M, 1G] to [0M, +∞) starting from V4.3.0.
job_queue_processes
  • For V4.2.x, the value range is adjusted from [0,1000] to [0,16384] starting from V4.2.1 BP1.
  • For V4.3.x, the value range is adjusted from [0,1000] to [0,16384] starting from V4.3.0.
memory_limit_percentage Starting from V4.2.1, the value range is adjusted from [10, 90] to [10, 95].
cpu_quota_concurrency Starting from V4.2.0, the value range is adjusted from [1,10] to [1,20].
memory_limit Starting from V4.1.0, the value range is adjusted from [4G, +∞) to [1G, +∞).
server_cpu_quota_min
  • Starting from V4.2.1, the value range is adjusted from [1,16] to [0,16].
  • Starting from V4.0.0, the value range is adjusted from [0,16] to [1,16].

Configuration items with changed effective mode

The following table describes the parameters added in V4.x.

Parameter Introduced in Description
enable_ls_leader_balance For V4.2.5, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.5 BP6. Specifies whether to enable automatic leader balancing for log streams.
enable_gts_standalone For V4.2.5, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.5 BP5. Specifies whether to enable the feature where the tenant GTS service exclusively occupies a group of units.
zone_deploy_mode For V4.2.5, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.5 BP5. Specifies the distribution mode of tenants across zones.
temporary_file_max_disk_size For V4.2.5, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.5 BP3. Specifies the maximum disk space that temporary files of a tenant can occupy on a single node.
enable_ps_parameterize For V4.2.5, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.5 BP2. Specifies whether to parameterize PS statements during parsing.
ls_scale_out_factor For V4.2.5, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.5 BP1. The scale-out factor of log streams, which controls the number of log streams of a tenant on each server.
arbitration_degradation_policy
  • For V4.2.5, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.5 BP1.
  • For V4.2.1, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.1 BP8.
  • For V4.3.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.3.4.
Specifies the automatic degradation policy.
ob_storage_s3_url_encode_type For V4.2.1, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.1 BP9. For other versions of V4.2.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.5. Specifies whether the URL encoding method used when a request is sent over the S3 protocol complies with the RFC 3986 standard.
log_storage_warning_trigger_percentage For V4.2.1, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.1 BP7. For other versions of V4.2.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.5. The write performance threshold in percentage for triggering a log disk fault.
replica_parallel_migration_mode V4.2.5 The parallel migration mode for log stream replicas.
sts_credential V4.2.5 The credential for accessing the Security Token Service (STS) provided by OceanBase Cloud Platform (OCP).
enable_lock_priority V4.2.5 Specifies whether to enable lock priorities.
unit_gc_wait_time V4.2.5 The maximum wait time before triggering unit GC.
query_memory_limit_percentage V4.2.5 The maximum percentage of tenant memory available for a single SQL query.
kv_group_commit_batch_size V4.2.5 The batch size for group commit in OBKV.
kv_group_commit_rw_mode V4.2.5 The operation types supported for group commit when the group commit feature is enabled.
recover_table_dop V4.2.5 The maximum degree of parallelism (DOP) for restoring a single table in the cross-tenant table import phase of a table-level restore.
recover_table_concurrency V4.2.5 The maximum number of tables that can be restored concurrently in the cross-tenant table import phase of a table-level restore.
audit_log_buffer_size V4.2.4 The buffer size for asynchronous writing of audit logs.
audit_log_compression V4.2.4 The algorithm for compressing audit logs.
audit_log_enable V4.2.4 Specifies whether to enable the audit feature.
audit_log_format V4.2.4 The file format of audit logs.
audit_log_max_size V4.2.4 The maximum size of audit logs that can be retained on a single OBServer node.
audit_log_path V4.2.4 The output directory of audit logs.
audit_log_prune_seconds V4.2.4 The maximum retention period of audit logs.
audit_log_query_sql V4.2.4 Specifies whether to record SQL statements in audit logs.
audit_log_rotate_on_size V4.2.4 The maximum size of a single audit log file.
audit_log_strategy V4.2.4 The strategy for writing audit logs.
alert_log_level
  • For V4.2.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.3.2.
The level of alert logs.
data_disk_write_limit_percentage
  • For V4.2.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.3.1.
The maximum percentage of data disk space allowed for data writes.
enable_global_background_resource_isolation
  • For V4.2.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.3.2.
Specifies whether to enable global resource isolation between foreground and background tasks.
global_background_cpu_quota
  • For V4.2.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.3.2.
The number of CPU cores for background tasks when global resource isolation is enabled between foreground and background tasks.
syslog_compress_func
  • For V4.2.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.3.1.
The algorithm for compressing system logs.
syslog_disk_size
  • For V4.2.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.3.1.
The maximum disk space available for system logs.
syslog_file_uncompressed_count
  • For V4.2.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.3.1.
The number of uncompressed system log files.
choose_migration_source_policy
  • For V4.2.1, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.1 BP7; for other V4.2.x versions, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.3.2.
The prioritizing policy for selecting the source replica for migration.
enable_kv_group_commit V4.2.3 Specifies whether to enable the group commit feature.
lob_enable_block_cache_threshold
  • For V4.2.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.3.2.
The threshold for caching OUTROW LOB data read during queries.
strict_check_os_params V4.2.2 Specifies whether to enable checking of OS configuration parameters.
log_storage_compress_all
  • For V4.2.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.2.
  • For V4.3.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.3.1.
Specifies whether to enable clog compression for storage.
log_storage_compress_func
  • For V4.2.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.2.2.
  • For V4.3.x, this parameter is introduced starting from V4.3.1.
The algorithm for compressing clogs for storage.
sql_protocol_min_tls_version V4.2.1 Specifies the minimum SSL/TLS protocol version used when SQL connections use SSL.
compaction_dag_cnt_limit V4.2.1 Specifies the upper limit on the number of DAGs in the compaction DAG queue.
compaction_schedule_tablet_batch_cnt V4.2.1 Specifies the maximum number of tablets scheduled in each batch when compaction tasks are scheduled in batches.
enable_transfer V4.2.1 Specifies whether to allow Transfer within a tenant.
ttl_thread_score V4.2.1 Specifies the weight of thread time slices used by TTL tasks.
local_ip V4.2.0 Specifies the IP address of the OBServer host when a cluster is deployed.
observer_id V4.2.0 The unique identifier assigned by the root service to an OBServer node in a cluster.
standby_fetch_log_bandwidth_limit V4.2.0 Specifies the maximum bandwidth per second available for all servers in a standby tenant cluster to synchronize logs from the primary tenant.
storage_meta_cache_priority V4.2.0 Specifies the priority of the Meta Cache stored in the KV cache.
archive_lag_target V4.2.0 Specifies the delay time of log archiving for a tenant.
log_disk_throttling_maximum_duration V4.2.0 Specifies the maximum duration of log disk throttling after log write throttling is triggered.
log_disk_throttling_percentage V4.2.0 The percentage of non-recyclable log disk space that triggers log write throttling.
ls_gc_delay_time V4.2.0 Specifies the delay time for deleting log streams of a tenant.
partition_balance_schedule_interval V4.2.0 Specifies the scheduling interval of partition balancing.
range_optimizer_max_mem_size V4.2.0 Limits the memory used by the Query Range module.
standby_db_fetch_log_rpc_timeout V4.2.0 Specifies the timeout period of RPC for a standby database to fetch logs, to control the time when the standby log transfer service detects an unavailable primary server and switches to another server.
standby_db_preferred_upstream_log_region V4.1.0 Specifies the preferred region from which a standby tenant synchronizes upstream logs in a physical standby scenario.
log_storage_warning_tolerance_time V4.1.0 Specifies the period from log disk I/O failure to the time when the disk is marked as faulty and a primary switchover is triggered.
ob_startup_mode V4.1.0 Specifies the startup mode of an OBServer node and can be modified only when the node is started for the first time.
sql_net_thread_count V4.1.0 Specifies the number of MySQL cluster I/O threads, that is, the number of global_sql_nio_server threads.
arbitration_timeout V4.1.0 Specifies the timeout period for triggering automatic degradation.
dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval V4.1.0 Specifies the interval for persisting tenant data dictionaries.
enable_user_defined_rewrite_rules V4.1.0 Specifies whether to enable user-defined rewrite rules.
log_transport_compress_all V4.1.0 Specifies whether to compress logs during log transport.
log_transport_compress_func V4.1.0 Specifies the compression algorithm used for log transport.
rpc_memory_limit_percentage V4.1.0 Specifies the maximum percentage of tenant memory that can be used by RPC.
tenant_sql_login_thread_count V4.1.0 Specifies the number of MySQL tenant login threads, that is, the number of mysql_queue threads.
tenant_sql_net_thread_count V4.1.0 Specifies the number of MySQL tenant I/O threads, that is, the number of sql_nio_server threads.
log_disk_percentage V4.0.0 Specifies the percentage of the total disk space occupied by redo logs on the log disk.
log_disk_size V4.0.0 Specifies the size of the log disk where redo logs are stored, namely, the total log disk space available for the current OBServer node.
ha_high_thread_score V4.0.0 Specifies the number of worker threads for high-availability high-priority tasks.
ha_low_thread_score V4.0.0 Specifies the number of worker threads for high-availability low-priority tasks.
ha_mid_thread_score V4.0.0 Specifies the number of worker threads for high-availability medium-priority tasks.

Obsolete parameters

The following table describes the obsolete parameters in OceanBase Database V4.x.

Parameter Name Description
ob_ssl_invited_common_names If you need to check specific fields in a client certificate, you can specify them when you create the user. It is no longer necessary to perform another tenant-level check when the user logs in. Therefore, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.2.5 BP2.
enable_kv_group_commit Due to feature optimization, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.2.5. In V4.2.5 and later, you can use the kv_group_commit_batch_size and kv_group_commit_rw_mode parameters to control the group commit feature.
global_write_halt_residual_memory Because the corresponding feature is no longer available, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.2.0.
max_px_worker_count Because the corresponding feature is no longer available, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.2.0.
plan_cache_high_watermark Because the corresponding feature has never been supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.2.0.
plan_cache_low_watermark Because the corresponding feature has never been supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.2.0.
rootservice_memory_limit Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.2.0.
system_trace_level Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter is no longer applicable and has been deprecated since V4.2.0.
token_reserved_percentage Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter is no longer applicable and has been deprecated since V4.2.0.
trace_log_sampling_interval Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter is no longer applicable and has been deprecated since V4.2.0.
io_category_config Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter is no longer applicable and has been deprecated since V4.2.0.
auto_broadcast_location_cache_rate_limit Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
auto_leader_switch_interval Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
auto_refresh_location_cache_rate_limit Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
backup_backup_dest Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
backup_backup_dest_option Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
backup_dest_option Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
backup_concurrency Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the ha_low_thread_score parameter.
backup_dest Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
backup_log_archive_option Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
backup_net_limit Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
backup_recovery_window Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
backup_region Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
backup_zone Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
balance_blacklist_failure_threshold Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
balance_blacklist_retry_interval Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
balancer_emergency_percentage Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
balancer_timeout_check_interval Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
clog_disk_utilization_threshold Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the log_disk_utilization_threshold parameter.
clog_expire_days Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
clog_cache_priority Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
clog_disk_usage_limit_percentage Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
clog_transport_compress_func Because the corresponding feature is not supported in V4.0.0, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.1.0, it is replaced with the log_transport_compress_func parameter.
clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the ha_high_thread_score parameter.
clog_persistence_compress_func Because the corresponding feature is not supported in V4.0.0, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.2.1 (except V4.3.0), the feature is supported again and the parameter is replaced with log_storage_compress_func.
cpu_reserved Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
data_copy_concurrency Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the ha_high_thread_score parameter.
default_transport_compress_func Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
election_cpu_quota Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
election_blacklist_interval Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_auto_refresh_location_cache Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_auto_leader_switch Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_clog_persistence_compress Because the corresponding feature is not supported in V4.0.0, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.2.1 (except V4.3.0), the feature is supported again and the parameter is replaced with log_storage_compress_all.
enable_global_freeze_trigger Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_log_archive Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_election_group Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_merge_by_turn Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_manual_merge Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_one_phase_commit Due to changes of implementation logic, the corresponding feature is no longer applicable, and this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_pg Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_separate_sys_clog Because the corresponding feature has never taken effect, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_smooth_leader_switch Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_rootservice_standalone Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
fast_recovery_concurrency Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the ha_high_thread_score parameter.
flush_log_at_trx_commit This parameter is rarely used and therefore has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
gc_wait_archive Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
global_index_build_single_replica_timeout Due to changes of implementation logic, the corresponding feature is no longer applicable, and this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
global_major_freeze_residual_memory This parameter is rarely used and therefore has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
get_leader_candidate_rpc_timeout Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
ignore_replica_checksum_error This parameter is not recommended for use and therefore has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
index_clog_cache_priority Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
index_info_block_cache_priority Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
index_cache_priority Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
ilog_index_expire_time Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
location_cache_priority Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
location_cache_expire_time Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
log_archive_batch_buffer_limit Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
log_archive_checkpoint_interval Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the archive_lag_target parameter.
max_kept_major_version_number This parameter is rarely used and therefore has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
merge_stat_sampling_ratio Due to changes of implementation methods, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
merge_thread_count Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the compaction_low_thread_score parameter.
merger_completion_percentage This parameter is rarely used and therefore has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
merger_switch_leader_duration_time Because the corresponding feature is no longer available, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
merger_warm_up_duration_time Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
migrate_concurrency Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the ha_mid_thread_score parameter.
minor_deferred_gc_time This parameter is not recommended for use and therefore has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
minor_freeze_times This parameter has the same meaning as major_compact_trigger. To unify the semantics, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0 and you can use major_compact_trigger instead.
minor_merge_concurrency Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the compaction_mid_thread_score parameter.
minor_warm_up_duration_time This parameter is not recommended for use and therefore has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
multiblock_read_gap_size Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
multiblock_read_size Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
ob_esi_rpc_port Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
enable_ob_esi_process Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
ob_esi_session_timeout Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
ob_esi_io_concurrency Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
ob_esi_memory_limit Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
ob_esi_syslog_level Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
ob_esi_max_syslog_file_count Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
ofs_list Because the corresponding feature is no longer applicable, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
partition_table_check_interval Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
rebuild_replica_data_lag_threshold Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
replica_safe_remove_time Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
resource_soft_limit Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
restore_concurrency Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the ha_high_thread_score parameter.
row_purge_thread_count Because the corresponding feature has never been supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
server_data_copy_out_concurrency Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the ha_mid_thread_score parameter.
server_data_copy_in_concurrency Due to changes of implementation logic, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the ha_mid_thread_score parameter.
sql_audit_memory_limit Due to changes of implementation logic, the corresponding feature is no longer applicable, and this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0. Starting from V4.0.0, it is replaced with the ob_sql_audit_percentage variable.
switchover_process_thread_count Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
sys_bkgd_io_high_percentage Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
sys_bkgd_io_low_percentage Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
sys_cpu_limit_trigger Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
system_cpu_quota Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
tenant_groups Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
trx_force_kill_threshold Due to changes of implementation logic, the corresponding feature is no longer applicable, and this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
unit_balance_resource_weight Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
user_iort_up_percentage Due to changes of implementation logic, the corresponding feature is no longer applicable, and this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
user_tab_col_stat_cache_priority Due to changes of implementation logic, the corresponding feature is no longer applicable, and this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
wait_leader_batch_count Due to architecture upgrade, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
zone_merge_concurrency Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
zone_merge_order Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.
zone_merge_timeout Because the corresponding feature is no longer supported, this parameter has been deprecated since V4.0.0.

Changes to system variables in V4.x

To better adapt to various business scenarios, OceanBase Database has made a series of optimizations and adjustments to tenant variables, including their default values and value ranges. Notably, in earlier versions, undo_retention was introduced as a system variable. However, starting from V4.0.0, undo_retention has been adjusted to a tenant-level parameter.

System variables whose default values can be changed

The following table describes the system variables whose default values can be changed.

Variable name Description
ob_default_lob_inrow_threshold
  • For V4.2.x, starting from V4.2.3, the default value is adjusted from 4096 to 8192.
  • For V4.3.x, starting from V4.3.2, the default value is adjusted from 4096 to 8192.
sql_mode
  • For V4.2.x, starting from V4.2.2, the default value is changed from "STRICT_ALL_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE" to "STRICT_ALL_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER".
  • For V4.3.x, starting from V4.3.0, the default value is changed from "STRICT_ALL_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE" to "STRICT_ALL_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER".
optimizer_features_enable
  • For V4.2.1, the default value is empty in V4.2.1 BP6 and earlier, indicating that the optimizer capability of V4.2.1.0 is used. Starting from V4.2.1 BP7, the default value is adjusted to the current four-digit version number, indicating that new clusters can use the new optimizer capabilities, while clusters upgraded from V4.2.1 BP6 and earlier will still use the optimizer version specified before the upgrade.
  • For versions other than V4.2.1, the default value remains empty with no changes.
secure_file_priv Starting from V4.2.1, the default value is changed from NULL to "".
max_allowed_packet Starting from V4.2.1, the default value is changed from 4194304 to 16777216.
ob_max_read_stale_time Starting from V4.1.0, the default value is changed from 5000000 to -1.
ob_trx_idle_timeout Starting from V4.0.0, the default value is changed from 120s to 1d.
ob_trx_timeout Starting from V4.0.0, the default value of 100s is changed to 1d.

System variables whose value ranges or meanings have changed

The following table describes the system variables whose value ranges or meanings have changed.

Variable name Description
secure_file_priv Starting from V4.2.0, the meaning of the empty string ("") and NULL has been changed from "unrestricted" to "import and export disabled".
ob_max_read_stale_time Starting from V4.1.0, the value range has been changed from [0, 9223372036854775807] to [-1, 9223372036854775807].

System variables whose privileges have changed

The following table describes the system variables whose privileges have changed.

Variable name Description
secure_file_priv Starting from V4.2.0, the privilege required to modify this variable has been changed to only allow modification through a local Unix socket.

New system variables

The following table describes the system variables introduced in V4.x.

Variable name Introduced in Description
ob_enable_parameter_anonymous_block V4.2.5 Specifies whether to enable the anonymous block parameterization feature.
partition_index_dive_limit For V4.2.1, this variable is introduced starting from V4.2.1 BP9. For other V4.2.x versions, it is introduced starting from V4.2.5. Specifies the maximum number of partitions when the optimizer uses the storage layer to estimate cardinality.
range_index_dive_limit For V4.2.1, this variable is introduced starting from V4.2.1 BP9. For other V4.2.x versions, it is introduced starting from V4.2.5. Specifies the maximum number of ranges when the optimizer uses the storage layer to estimate cardinality.
cardinality_estimation_model V4.2.4 Specifies the correlation assumptions that the optimizer uses for cardinality estimation.
enable_sql_plan_monitor V4.2.4 Specifies whether to record the current session's SQL statements in the SQL plan monitor.
activate_all_roles_on_login
  • For V4.2.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.3.1.
Specifies whether to automatically enable all roles upon login.
innodb_stats_persistent
  • For V4.2.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.3.2.
Specifies whether to persist InnoDB index statistics to the disk.
ob_compatibility_control
  • For V4.2.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.3.2.
Specifies the behavior mode when a compatibility conflict occurs between MySQL 5.7 and MySQL 8.0.
ob_compatibility_version
  • For V4.2.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.3.2.
Specifies the OceanBase Database version that provides compatibility with product behavior changes.
ob_security_version
  • For V4.2.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.2.3.
  • For V4.3.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.3.2.
Specifies the OceanBase Database version that provides compatibility with security features.
automatic_sp_privileges
  • For V4.2.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.2.2.
  • For V4.3.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.3.1.
Specifies whether to automatically grant the ALTER and EXECUTE privileges to a stored procedure.
lc_time_names
  • For V4.2.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.2.2.
  • For V4.3.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.3.1.
Specifies the language for displaying date and month names and abbreviations.
ob_enable_pl_cache
  • For V4.2.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.2.2.
  • For V4.3.x, this variable is introduced starting from V4.3.1.
Specifies whether to enable the PL cache module.
optimizer_dynamic_sampling V4.2.0 Specifies the level of dynamic sampling.
optimizer_features_enable V4.2.0 Specifies the optimizer features of different OceanBase Database versions.
parallel_degree_limit V4.2.0 Specifies the maximum degree of parallelism that the optimizer selects when the auto DOP strategy is used.
parallel_degree_policy V4.2.0 Specifies the degree of parallelism selection strategy.
parallel_min_scan_time_threshold V4.2.0 Specifies the minimum estimated execution time for parallel processing of the base table scan in the auto DOP strategy.
runtime_filter_type V4.2.0 Specifies the runtime filter type for the tenant.
runtime_filter_wait_time_ms V4.2.0 Specifies the maximum wait time for runtime filters.
runtime_filter_max_in_num V4.2.0 Specifies the number of NDV (number of different values in a column) for runtime in filters.
runtime_bloom_filter_max_size V4.2.0 Specifies the maximum memory usage of the runtime bloom filter in bytes.
cte_max_recursion_depth V4.1.0 Specifies the maximum recursion depth for common table expressions (CTEs). The server terminates any operations exceeding this CTE value.
ob_max_read_stale_time V4.1.0 Specifies the maximum latency threshold (in microseconds) for weak-consistency read queries.
regexp_stack_limit V4.1.0 Specifies the maximum available memory for the internal stack of regular expression matching operations, in bytes by default.
ob_enable_show_trace V4.1.0 Specifies whether to use the show trace log.
cursor_sharing V4.0.0 Specifies whether to perform parameterization when processing SQL statements.
innodb_strict_mode V4.0.0 Specifies the SQL check mode for specific syntaxes.
log_row_value_options V4.0.0 Specifies whether to use partial updates for LOBs.
ob_enable_rich_error_msg V4.0.0 Specifies whether to display information such as svr_ip, time, and trace_id when an SQL execution error occurs.

Obsolete system variables

The following table lists the system variables deprecated in V4.x.

Variable name Description
ob_enable_trace_log Architecture upgrade change. This variable is deleted starting from V4.1.0.
ob_create_table_strict_mode Architecture upgrade change. This variable is deleted starting from V4.0.0.
ob_enable_blk_nestedloop_join Logic change. The corresponding feature is no longer applicable. This variable is deleted starting from V4.0.0.
ob_enable_hash_group_by Implementation change. This variable is deleted starting from V4.0.0.
ob_timestamp_service Architecture upgrade change. This variable is deleted starting from V4.0.0.

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Changes in related parameters in V4.x
Parameters replaced
Parameters that have changed their names
Parameters that change the scope
Parameters whose effective mode can be changed
System parameters whose default values are changed
System parameters that change their value ranges
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Obsolete parameters
Changes to system variables in V4.x
System variables whose default values can be changed
System variables whose value ranges or meanings have changed
System variables whose privileges have changed
New system variables
Obsolete system variables