Development example

/**********************************************************
* Copyright(C) 2014 - 2022 Alibaba Inc. All Rights Reserved.
*
*  Filename: example.c
*  Description: ----
*  Create: 2020-07-07 10:14:59
*  Last Modified: 2022-05-05 14:32:59
***********************************************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include "oci.h"

/*Statement handles*/
OCIEnv *envhp;       /*The environment handle.*/
OCISvcCtx *svchp;    /*The service environment handle.*/
OCIServer *srvhp;    /*The server handle.*/
OCISession *authp;   /*The session handle.*/
OCIStmt *stmthp;     /*The handle to the SQL statement being processed.*/
OCIDescribe *dschp;  /*The description handle.*/
OCIError *errhp;     /*The error handle.*/
OCIDefine *defhp[3]; /*The definition handle.*/
OCIBind *bidhp[4];   /*The bind handle.*/
sb2 ind[3];          /*The indicator variable.*/
/*Bind parameters of the select result set*/
int szpersonid;     /*Stores the personid column.*/
text szsex[2];      /*Stores the sex column.*/
text szname[10];    /*Stores the name column.*/
text szemail[10];   /*Stores the mail column.*/
char sql[256];      /*Stores the executed SQL statements.*/
static text* SQL_DROP_TB   = (text*)"drop table person";
static text* SQL_CREATE_TB = (text*)"create table person(personid number, sex varchar2(256), name varchar2(256), email varchar2(256))";

void checkerr(OCIError *errhp, sword status, const char* filename, int line) {
  text errbuf[512];
  sb4 errcode = 0;
  switch (status)
  {
  case OCI_SUCCESS:
    break;
  case OCI_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO:
    (void) OCIErrorGet((dvoid *)errhp, (ub4) 1, (text *) NULL, &errcode,
                       errbuf, (ub4) sizeof(errbuf), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);
    (void) printf("%s:%d Error - OCI_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO now get is %d:%.*s\n", filename, line, errcode, 512, errbuf);
    break;
  case OCI_NEED_DATA:
    (void) printf("%s:%d Error - OCI_NEED_DATA\n", filename, line);
    break;
  case OCI_NO_DATA:
    (void) printf("%s:%d Error - OCI_NODATA\n", filename, line);
    break;
  case OCI_ERROR:
    (void) OCIErrorGet((dvoid *)errhp, (ub4) 1, (text *) NULL, &errcode,
                       errbuf, (ub4) sizeof(errbuf), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);
    (void) printf("%s:%d Error - now get is %d:%.*s\n", filename, line, errcode, 512, errbuf);
    break;
  case OCI_INVALID_HANDLE:
    (void) printf("%s:%d Error - OCI_INVALID_HANDLE\n", filename, line);
    break;
  case OCI_STILL_EXECUTING:
    (void) printf("%s:%d Error - OCI_STILL_EXECUTE\n", filename, line);
    break;
  case OCI_CONTINUE:
    (void) printf("%s:%d Error - OCI_CONTINUE\n", filename, line);
    break;
  default:
    break;
  }
}
#define OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, function) \
  checkerr(errhp, function, __FILE__, __LINE__)

/************************************************************************/
/*Query the person table*/
/************************************************************************/
void query_tables() {
    sword status = OCI_SUCCESS;
    memset(sql, 0, sizeof(sql));
    strcpy(sql, "select personid, name, email from person");
    /*Prepare the SQL statement*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIStmtPrepare(stmthp, errhp, (text *)sql, strlen(sql), OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, OCI_DEFAULT));
    /*Bind the output column*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIDefineByPos(stmthp, &defhp[0], errhp, 1, &szpersonid,
                   sizeof(szpersonid), SQLT_INT, &ind[0], 0, 0, OCI_DEFAULT));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIDefineByPos(stmthp, &defhp[1], errhp, 2, (ub1 *)szname,
                   sizeof(szname), SQLT_STR, &ind[1], 0, 0, OCI_DEFAULT));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIDefineByPos(stmthp, &defhp[2], errhp, 3, (ub1 *)szemail,
                   sizeof(szemail), SQLT_STR, &ind[2], 0, 0, OCI_DEFAULT));
    /*Execute the SQL statement*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIStmtExecute(svchp, stmthp, errhp, (ub4)0, 0, NULL, NULL,
                   OCI_DEFAULT));
    printf("%-10s%-10s%-10s\n", "PERSONID", "NAME", "EMAIL");
    while ((status = OCIStmtFetch(stmthp, errhp, 1, OCI_FETCH_NEXT, OCI_DEFAULT)) == OCI_SUCCESS) {
        printf("%-10d", szpersonid);
        printf("%-10s", szname);
        printf("%-10s\n", szemail);
    }
    if (OCI_NO_DATA != status) {
        printf("error ! error ! error ! err=%d\n", status);
    } else {
        printf("finish fetch data\n");
    }
}

void insert_tables() {
    memset(sql, 0, sizeof(sql));
    strcpy(sql, "insert into person values(:personid,:sex,:name,:email)");
    /*Prepare the SQL statement*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIStmtPrepare(stmthp, errhp, (text *)sql, strlen(sql), OCI_NTV_SYNTAX,
                   OCI_DEFAULT));
    /*Bind the input column*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIBindByName(stmthp, &bidhp[0], errhp, (const OraText*)":personid", 9, &szpersonid,
                  sizeof(szpersonid), SQLT_INT, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, 0));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIBindByName(stmthp, &bidhp[1], errhp, (const OraText*)":sex", 4, szsex,
                  sizeof(szsex), SQLT_STR, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, 0));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIBindByName(stmthp, &bidhp[2], errhp, (const OraText*)":name", 5, szname,
                  sizeof(szname), SQLT_STR, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, 0));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIBindByName(stmthp, &bidhp[3], errhp, (const OraText*)":email", 6, szemail,
                  sizeof(szemail), SQLT_STR, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, 0));
    /*Set the input parameter*/
    szpersonid = 1;
    memset(szsex, 0, sizeof(szsex));
    strcpy((char*)szsex, "M");
    memset(szname, 0, sizeof(szname));
    strcpy((char*)szname, "obtest");
    memset(szemail, 0, sizeof(szemail));
    strcpy((char*)szemail, "t@ob.com");
    
    /*Execute the SQL statement*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIStmtExecute(svchp, stmthp, errhp, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (CONST OCISnapshot *)0, (OCISnapshot *)0, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT));
    /*Commit to database*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCITransCommit(svchp, errhp, OCI_DEFAULT));
    while ((OCIStmtFetch(stmthp, errhp, 1, OCI_FETCH_NEXT, OCI_DEFAULT)) == OCI_SUCCESS) {
        printf("%-10d", szpersonid);
        printf("%-10s", szsex);
        printf("%-10s", szname);
        printf("%-10s\n", szemail);
    }
    printf("finish insert tables\n");
}

void update_tables() {
    memset(sql, 0, sizeof(sql));
    strcpy(sql, "update person set sex='M',name='test',email='test@mail' WHERE personid=1");
    /*Prepare the SQL statement*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIStmtPrepare(stmthp, errhp, (text *)sql, strlen(sql), OCI_NTV_SYNTAX,
                   OCI_DEFAULT));
    /*Execute the SQL statement*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIStmtExecute(svchp, stmthp, errhp, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (CONST OCISnapshot *)0, (OCISnapshot *)0, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT));
    /*Commit to database*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCITransCommit(svchp, errhp, OCI_DEFAULT));
}

void delete_tables() {
    memset(sql, 0, sizeof(sql));
    strcpy(sql, "delete from person WHERE personid = :personid");
    /*Prepare the SQL statement*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIStmtPrepare(stmthp, errhp, (text *)sql, strlen(sql), OCI_NTV_SYNTAX,
                   OCI_DEFAULT));
    /*Bind the input parameters*/
    szpersonid = 1;
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIBindByPos(stmthp, &bidhp[0], errhp, 1, &szpersonid,
                 sizeof(szpersonid), SQLT_INT, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, 0));
    /*Execute the SQL statement*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIStmtExecute(svchp, stmthp, errhp, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (CONST OCISnapshot *)0, (OCISnapshot *)0, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT));
    /*Commit to database*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCITransCommit(svchp, errhp, OCI_DEFAULT));
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    char strServerName[50];
    char strUserName[50];
    char strPassword[50];
    /*Configure the server, username, and password as appropriate*/
    strcpy(strServerName, "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/test");
    strcpy(strUserName, "test");
    strcpy(strPassword, "test");
    /*Initialize the OCI application environment*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIInitialize(OCI_DEFAULT, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL));
    /*Initialize the environment handle*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIEnvInit(&envhp, OCI_DEFAULT, 0, 0));
    /*Allocate handles*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (dvoid **)&svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, 0, 0));
    /*Server environment handle*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (dvoid **)&srvhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER, 0, 0));
    /*Server handle*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (dvoid **)&authp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, 0, 0));
    /*Session handle*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (dvoid **)&errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR, 0, 0));
    /*Error handle*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (dvoid **)&dschp, OCI_HTYPE_DESCRIBE, 0, 0));
    /*Descriptor handle*/
    /*Connect to server*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIServerAttach(srvhp, errhp, (text *)strServerName,
                    (sb4)strlen(strServerName), OCI_DEFAULT));
    /*Set username and password*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIAttrSet(authp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, (text *)strUserName,
               (ub4)strlen(strUserName), OCI_ATTR_USERNAME, errhp));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIAttrSet(authp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, (text *)strPassword,
               (ub4)strlen(strPassword), OCI_ATTR_PASSWORD, errhp));
    /*Set attributes of the server environment handle*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)svchp, (ub4)OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX,
               (dvoid *)srvhp, (ub4)0, OCI_ATTR_SERVER, errhp));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIAttrSet(svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (dvoid *)authp,
               0, OCI_ATTR_SESSION, errhp));
    /*Create and start a user session*/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCISessionBegin(svchp, errhp, authp, OCI_CRED_RDBMS, OCI_DEFAULT));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIHandleAlloc(envhp, (dvoid **)&stmthp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT, 0, 0));
    /*The handle to the SQL statement being processed.*/

    /************************************************************************/
    /*Create the person table*/
    /************************************************************************/
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIStmtPrepare(stmthp, errhp, (text*)SQL_DROP_TB, strlen((char *)SQL_DROP_TB), OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, OCI_DEFAULT));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIStmtExecute(svchp, stmthp, errhp, 1, 0, 0, 0, OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIStmtPrepare(stmthp, errhp, SQL_CREATE_TB, strlen((char *)SQL_CREATE_TB), OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, OCI_DEFAULT));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIStmtExecute(svchp, stmthp, errhp, 1, 0, 0, 0, OCI_DEFAULT));

    /************************************************************************/
    /*Query the person table*/
    /************************************************************************/
    query_tables();
    
    /************************************************************************/
    /*Insert a data record to the person table*/
    /************************************************************************/
    insert_tables();
    query_tables();
    
    /************************************************************************/
    /*Update the person table*/
    /************************************************************************/
    update_tables();
    query_tables();
    
    /************************************************************************/
    /*Delete a data record from the person table by ID. Ensure this record exists in this table.*/
    /************************************************************************/
    delete_tables();
    query_tables();

    /************************************************************************/
    /*End the execution and release resources.*/
    /************************************************************************/
    //End the session
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCISessionEnd(svchp, errhp, authp, (ub4)0));
    //Disconnect from the database
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIServerDetach(srvhp, errhp, OCI_DEFAULT));
    //Free OCI handles
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)dschp, OCI_HTYPE_DESCRIBE));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)stmthp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)errhp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)authp, OCI_HTYPE_SESSION));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)svchp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX));
    OCI_CHECK_RET(errhp, OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)srvhp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER));
    return 0;
}

OB_SERVICE=
  (DESCRIPTION=
    (ADDRESS=
      (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST=[hostname|IP])
      (PORT=2883))
    (CONNECT_DATA=
      ( SID=user_name)))

export TNS_ADMIN=   # Specify the directory of tnsnames.ora. Otherwise, the system will automatically search for the file in the current execution directory of the program.