CREATE TABLE|V4.1.0| docs|Distributed Database

CREATE TABLE

Last Updated：2023-07-28 02:55:43 Updated

Purpose

You can use this statement to create a table in the database.

Syntax

CREATE [GLOBAL TEMPORARY] TABLE table_name
      (table_definition_list) [table_option_list] [partition_option] [on_commit_option]
CREATE [GLOBAL TEMPORARY] TABLE table_name
      (table_definition_list) [table_option_list] [partition_option] [AS] select;

table_definition_list:
    table_definition [, table_definition ...]

table_definition:
      column_definition
    | INDEX [index_name] index_desc
    | [CONSTRAINT [constraint_name]] [PRIMARY KEY|UNIQUE]  (column_definition_list) [USING INDEX index_option_list]
    | [CONSTRAINT [constraint_name]] FOREIGN KEY (column_name, column_name ...) references_clause constranit_state
    | [CONSTRAINT [constraint_name]] CHECK(expression) constraint_state


column_definition_list:
    column_definition [, column_definition ...]

column_definition:
    column_name data_type
    [VISIBLE|INVISIBLE]
    {
    [DEFAULT expression]
    [NULL | NOT NULL]
    [CONSTRAINT [constraint_name] [PRIMARY] KEY] [UNIQUE [KEY]]
    [CONSTRAINT [constraint_name] CHECK(expression) constraint_state]
    [CONSTRAINT [constraint_name] references_clause]
    |
    [GENERATED ALWAYS] AS (expression) [VIRTUAL]
    [NULL | NOT NULL] [UNIQUE KEY] [[PRIMARY] KEY] [UNIQUE LOWER_KEY] [COMMENT string]
    }

references_clause:
     REFERENCES table_name [ (column_name, column_name ...) ] [ON DELETE {CASCADE}]

constraint_state:
    [RELY | NORELY] [USING INDEX index_option_list] [ENABLE | DISABLE] [VALIDATE | NOVALIDATE]

index_desc:
   (column_desc_list) [index_option_list]

column_desc_list:
    column_desc [, column_desc ...]

column_desc:
     column_name [ASC | DESC][NULL LAST | NULL FIRST]

index_option_list:
    index_option [ index_option ...]

index_option:
      [GLOBAL | LOCAL]
    | block_size
    | compression
    | STORING(column_name_list)
    | comment

table_option_list:
    table_option [ table_option ...]

table_option:
      table_group
    | block_size
    | compression
    | comment
    | DUPLICATE_SCOPE [=] "none|cluster"
    | LOCALITY [=] "locality description"
    | ENABLE ROW MOVEMENT
    | DISABLE ROW MOVEMENT
    | physical_attribute
    | parallel_clause

physical_attribute_list:
    physical_attribute [physical_attribute]

physical_attribute:
    PCTFREE [=] num
    | PCTUSED num
    | INITRANS num
    | MAXTRANS num
    | STORAGE(storage_option [storage_option] ...)
    | TABLESPACE tablespace

parallel_clause:
    {NOPARALLEL | PARALLEL integer}

compression:
    NOCOMPRESS
    | COMPRESS { BASIC | FOR OLTP | FOR QUERY [LOW | HIGH]  | FOR ARCHIVE [LOW | HIGH]}

storage_option:
    INITIAL num [K|M|G|T|P|E]
    | NEXT num [K|M|G|T|P|E]
    | MINEXTENTS num [K|M|G|T|P|E]
    | MAXEXTENTS num [K|M|G|T|P|E]

partition_option:
      PARTITION BY HASH(column_name_list)
      [subpartition_option] hash_partition_define
    | PARTITION BY RANGE (column_name_list)
      [subpartition_option] (range_partition_list)
    | PARTITION BY LIST (column_name_list)
      [subpartition_option] (list_partition_list)

/*Template-based subpartition*/
subpartition_option:
      SUBPARTITION BY HASH (column_name_list) hash_subpartition_define
    | SUBPARTITION BY RANGE (column_name_list) SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE
      (range_subpartition_list)
    | SUBPARTITION BY LIST (column_name_list) SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE
      (list_subpartition_list)

/*Non-template-based subpartition*/
subpartition_option:
      SUBPARTITION BY HASH (column_name_list)
    | SUBPARTITION BY RANGE (column_name_list)
    | SUBPARTITION BY LIST (column_name_list)

subpartition_list:
      (hash_subpartition_list)
    | (range_subpartition_list)
    | (list_subpartition_list)

hash_partition_define:
      PARTITIONS partition_count [TABLESPACE tablespace] [compression]
    | (hash_partition_list)

hash_partition_list:
    hash_partition [, hash_partition ...]

hash_partition:
    partition [partition_name] [subpartition_list/*Only non-template-based subpartitions can be defined.*/]

hash_subpartition_define:
      SUBPARTITIONS subpartition_count
    | SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE (hash_subpartition_list)

hash_subpartition_list:
    hash_subpartition [, hash_subpartition ...]

hash_subpartition:
    subpartition [subpartition_name]

range_partition_list:
    range_partition [, range_partition ...]

range_partition:
    PARTITION [partition_name]
    VALUES LESS THAN {(expression_list) | (MAXVALUE)}
    [subpartition_list/*Only non-template-based subpartitions can be defined.*/]
    [ID = num] [physical_attribute_list] [compression]

range_subpartition_list:
    range_subpartition [, range_subpartition ...]

range_subpartition:
    SUBPARTITION subpartition_name
    VALUES LESS THAN {(expression_list) | MAXVALUE} [physical_attribute_list]

list_partition_list:
    list_partition [, list_partition] ...

list_partition:
    PARTITION [partition_name]
    VALUES (DEFAULT | expression_list)
    [subpartition_list/*Only non-template-based subpartitions can be defined.*/]
    [ID num] [physical_attribute_list] [compression]

list_subpartition_list:
    list_subpartition [, list_subpartition] ...

list_subpartition:
    SUBPARTITION [partition_name] VALUES (DEFAULT | expression_list) [physical_attribute_list]

expression_list:
    expression [, expression ...]

column_name_list:
    column_name [, column_name ...]

partition_name_list:
    partition_name [, partition_name ...]

partition_count | subpartition_count:
    INT_VALUE

on_commit_option:
    ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS
  | ON COMMIT PRESERVE ROWS

Parameters

Parameter	Description
GLOBAL TEMPORARY	Creates the table as a temporary table.
DEFAULT expression	The default value of the column. `expression` can be a function expression that contains a sequence.
DUPLICATE_SCOPE	The attribute of a replica table. Valid values: `none`: The table is a normal table. `cluster`: indicates that the table is a replica table. The leader must copy transactions to all F and R replicas in this cluster. If the `DUPLICATE_SCOPE` parameter is not specified, the default value `none` is used. Currently, OceanBase Database supports only cluster-level replica tables.
BLOCK_SIZE	The microblock size for the table.
COMPRESSION	The storage format (flat or encoding) and compression method of the table. Valid values: `nocompress`: flat format without compression. `compress [basic]`: flat format with lz4_1.0 compression. `compress for oltp`: flat format with zstd_1.0 compression. `query low` or `query high`: encoding format with lz4_1.0 compression. `archive low` or `archive high`: encoding format with zstd_1.0 compression.
primary_zone	The primary zone where the leader resides.
table_group	The table group to which the table belongs.
comment	The comment.
LOCALITY	The distribution of replicas across the zones. For example, `F@z1,F@z2,F@z3,R@z4` indicates that `z1`, `z2`, and `z3` are full-featured replicas, and `z4` is a read-only replica.
physical_attribute	The `PCTFREE` attribute indicates the percentage of space reserved in each macroblock. Other attributes, including `STORAGE` and `TABLESPACE`, are for syntax compatibility purposes only and do not take effect.
ENABLE/DISABLE ROW MOVEMENT	Specifies whether to allow partition key updates that cause the rows to move between partitions.
ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS	Deletes data upon commit for a transaction-level temporary table.
ON COMMIT PRESERVE ROWS	Deletes data upon the end of the session for a session-level temporary table.
parallel_clause	The degree of parallelism at the table level. `NOPARALLEL`: sets the DOP to 1, which is the default value. `PARALLEL integer`: sets the degree of parallelism to an integer greater than or equal to 1. Notice: When you specify the DOP, the following priority order applies: DOP specified by using a hint > DOP specified by executing the `ALTER SESSION` statement > DOP at the table level.

Examples

Create a table named tbl1.

obclient> CREATE TABLE tbl1 (col1 INT PRIMARY KEY, col2 VARCHAR(50)) ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected

Create a replica table.

obclient> CREATE TABLE tbl2 (i_id INT,i_name VARCHAR(24), i_price DECIMAL(5,2),
                 i_data VARCHAR(50),i_im_id INT,PRIMARY KEY(i_id))
                 COMPRESS FOR QUERY
                 PCTFREE = 0
                 BLOCK_SIZE = 16384
                 DUPLICATE_SCOPE='cluster'
                 LOCALITY='F@zone1,R{all_server}@zone2' ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected

Create an indexed table.

obclient> CREATE TABLE tbl3 (col1 INT PRIMARY KEY, col2 INT, col3 INT, INDEX idx1 (col2));
Query OK, 0 rows affected

Create a HASH-partitioned table with eight partitions.

obclient> CREATE TABLE tbl4 (col1 INT PRIMARY KEY, col2 INT) PARTITION BY HASH(col1) PARTITIONS 8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected

Create a RANGE-HASH-subpartitioned table.

obclient> CREATE TABLE tbl5 (col1 INT, col2 INT, col3 INT)
                 PARTITION BY RANGE(col1)
                 SUBPARTITION BY HASH(col2)  SUBPARTITIONS  5
                 (PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN(0),
                  PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN(100));
Query OK, 0 rows affected

Enable encoding and zstd compression for the table and reserve 5% of space in each macroblock.

obclient> CREATE TABLE tbl6 (col1 INT, col2 INT, col3 VARCHAR(64))
                 COMPRESS FOR ARCHIVE
                 PCTFREE 5;
Query OK, 0 rows affected

Create a transaction-level temporary table.

obclient> CREATE GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE tbl7(col1 INT) ON COMMIT DELETE ROWS;
Query OK, 0 rows affected

Create a table with constraints.

obclient> CREATE TABLE tbl8 (col1 INT, col2 INT, col3 INT,CONSTRAINT equal_check1 CHECK(col2 = col3 * 2) ENABLE VALIDATE);
Query OK, 0 rows affected

Create a non-template-based RANGE-RANGE-subpartitioned table.

obclient> CREATE TABLE tbl9 (col1 INT, col2 INT, col3 INT)
                 PARTITION BY RANGE(col1)
                 SUBPARTITION BY RANGE(col2)
(
  PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN(100)
  (
    SUBPARTITION p0_r1 VALUES LESS THAN(2019),
    SUBPARTITION p0_r2 VALUES LESS THAN(2020),
    SUBPARTITION p0_r3 VALUES LESS THAN(2021)
  ),
  PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN(200)
  (
    SUBPARTITION p1_r1 VALUES LESS THAN(2019),
    SUBPARTITION p1_r2 VALUES LESS THAN(2020),
    SUBPARTITION p1_r3 VALUES LESS THAN(2021)
  ),
  PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN(300)
  (
    SUBPARTITION p2_r1 VALUES LESS THAN(2019),
    SUBPARTITION p2_r2 VALUES LESS THAN(2020),
    SUBPARTITION p2_r3 VALUES LESS THAN(2021)
  )
);
Query OK, 0 rows affected

Create a table named tbl10 and set its DOP to 3.

obclient> CREATE TABLE tbl10(col1 INT PRIMARY KEY, col2 INT) PARALLEL 3;
Query OK, 0 rows affected

Define the default value of a column by using a function.

obclient> CREATE SEQUENCE SEQ_PERSONIPTVSEQ START WITH 1 MINVALUE 1 MAXVALUE 10 INCREMENT BY 2 NOCYCLE NOORDER CACHE 30;
Query OK, 0 rows affected

obclient> SELECT LPAD(SEQ_PERSONIPTVSEQ.NEXTVAL,18,TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')) FROM DUAL;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| LPAD(SEQ_PERSONIPTVSEQ.NEXTVAL,18,TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY-MM-DDHH24:MI:SS')) |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 2022-07-05 11:34:1                                                         |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set

obclient> CREATE TABLE FUNC_DEFAULT_TEST ( OID NUMBER(20,0) DEFAULT LPAD(SEQ_PERSONIPTVSEQ.NEXTVAL,18,TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')) NOT NULL);
Query OK, 0 rows affected