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Concatenation operators

Last Updated：2023-07-28 02:53:17 Updated

OceanBase Database supports concatenation operators.

The following table describes the concatenation operators supported by OceanBase Database.

Operator	Operand	Description
`\|\|`	Binary	Concatenates strings.

You can specify the role of the logical OR operator (||) by setting the sql_mode parameter.

If sql_mode includes PIPES_AS_CONCAT, || is used as a concatenation operator.
If sql_mode does not include PIPES_AS_CONCAT, || is used as a logical OR operator.

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        LIMIT
        FOR UPDATE
        SELECT INTO
        SUBPLAN SCAN
        UNION
        INTERSECT
        EXCEPT/MINUS
        INSERT
        DELETE
        UPDATE
        MERGE
        EXCHANGE
        GI
      - Plan cache
      - Fast parameterization
      - Real-time execution plan display
    - Distributed execution plan
      - Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
      - Generate a distributed plan
      - Schedule distributed execution plans
      - Manage distributed execution plans
      - Execute parallel queries
      - Perform parameter tuning for a parallel query
      - Parallel DML
    - SQL optimization
      - Overview
      - General procedure of SQL tuning
      - SQL execution performance monitoring
        GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
        SQL Trace
        Plan cache views
        SQL performance analysis example
        Use SQL Audit to analyze wait events in a query
        Analyze SQL queries that cause an abrupt RT jitter
        View and analyze the shape of an execution plan
        Analyze slow SQL queries
        Query SQL traffic distribution and QPS
        Check whether SQL queries are balanced across servers in a cluster
        Find the TOP N SQL queries
        Analyze whether an unusually large number of remote execution requests exist in the system or the execution of an SQL statement
        Find full table scan SQL statements in a tenant
        Find the TOP N queries with the longest execution time within a specified period
        Analyze queries related to distributed plans
        Check whether the RPC execution count of a distributed subplan is balanced across servers in a cluster
      - Optimizer statistics
        Overview of statistics
        Statistics conllection methods
        Overview
        Histograms
        Manual statistics collection
        Automatic statistics collection
        Online statistics collection
        Statistics management
        Overview
        Deletion
        Setting
        Import and export
        Locking and unlocking
        History management
        Collection strategy prefs management
        Examples
      - Query rewrite
        Overview
        Rule-based query rewrite
        Cost-based query rewrite
      - Query optimization
        Access path
        Overview
        Rule-based path selection
        Cost-based path selection
        Join algorithm
        Overview
        Join algorithms
        Join order
      - Manage execution plans
        Optimizer hints
        Plan binding
        SQL plan management
    - Glossary
    - General issues in SQL tuning
  - Performance testing
    - Run the TPC-H benchmark on OceanBase Database
    - TPC-H benchmark report of OceanBase Database
    - Run the Sysbench benchmark on OceanBase Database
    - Sysbench benchmark report of OceanBase Database
    - Run the TPC-C benchmark on OceanBase Database
    - TPC-C benchmark report of OceanBase Database
- Application development reference
  - SQL syntax
    - System tenants
      - Overview
      - ALTER SYSTEM
        BACKUP
        Log archive
        BALANCE TASK
        CANCEL MIGRATE UNIT
        CHANGE TENANT
        DELETE BACKUPSET
        DELETE OBSOLETE BACKUP
        FAILOVER
        FLUSH
        JOB
        MERGE
        MIGRATE UNIT
        PARAMETER
        RECOVER
        REFRESH
        REPLICA
        RESTORE
        SERVER
        SWITCHOVER
        THROTTLE
        ZONE
      - ALTER RESOURCE POOL
      - ALTER RESOURCE TENANT
      - ALTER RESOURCE UNIT
      - ALTER TENANT
      - CREATE RESOURCE POOL
      - CREATE RESOURCE UNIT
      - CREATE TENANT
      - DROP RESOURCE POOL
      - DROP RESOURCE UNIT
      - DROP TENANT
      - SET DECRYPTION
      - SET ENCRYPTION
    - Common tenant (MySQL mode)
      - Basis elements
        Data types
        Overview
        Numeric types
        Overview
        Integer data types
        Fixed-point data types
        Floating-point data types
        Bit value data type
        Date and time types
        Overview
        DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP types
        TIME type
        YEAR type
        Character types
        Overview
        CHAR and VARCHAR
        BINARY and VARBINARY
        Large objects and text types
        Overview
        BLOB types
        TEXT types
        ENUM data type
        SET data type
        JSON data types
        Overview
        Create a JSON value
        Query and modify JSON values
        Convert a JSON data type
        Spatial data types
        Overview
        SRS
        Create a spatial column
        Create a spatial index
        Spatial data formats
        Expressions
        Overview
        Expression syntax
        Convert data types in expression evaluation
        Character set and collation
        Overview
        Character sets
        Collations
        Database-level character sets and collations
        Table-level character sets and collations
        Column-level character sets and collations
        Character sets and collations for character expressions
        Character sets and collations for client connection
        Literal
        Overview
        Strings
        Value
        Datetime values
        Bit values
        Boolean
        NULLs
        Schema object names
        User-defined variables
        Comments
      - Operator
        Overview
        Operator precedence
        Arithmetic operators
        Bitwise operators
        Comparison operators
        Logical operators
        Assignment operators
        Datetime operators
        Concatenation operators
        BINARY operator
        CASE conditional operator
      - Sequence pseudocolumns
      - Function
        Overview
        Single-row functions
        Date and time functions
        ADDDATE
        CONVERT_TZ
        CURDATE
        CURRENT_DATE
        CURRENT_TIME
        CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
        CURTIME
        DATE
        DATE_ADD
        DATE_FORMAT
        DATE_SUB
        DATEDIFF
        DAYOFMONTH
        DAYOFWEEK
        DAYOFYEAR
        EXTRACT
        FROM_DAYS
        FROM_UNIXTIME
        GET_FORMAT
        HOUR
        LAST_DAY
        LOCALTIME
        LOCALTIMESTAMP
        MAKEDATE
        MAKETIME
        MICROSECOND
        MINUTE
        MONTH
        MONTHNAME
        NOW
        PERIOD_ADD
        PERIOD_DIFF
        QUARTER
        SEC_TO_TIME
        SECOND
        STR_TO_DATE
        SUBDATE
        SUBTIME
        SYSDATE
        TIME
        TIME_FORMAT
        TIME_TO_SEC
        TIME_TO_USEC
        TIMEDIFF
        TIMESTAMP
        TIMESTAMPADD
        TIMESTAMPDIFF
        TO_DAYS
        TO_SECONDS
        UNIX_TIMESTAMP
        USEC_TO_TIME
        UTC_DATE
        UTC_TIME
        UTC_TIMESTAMP
        WEEK
        WEEKDAY
        WEEKOFYEAR
        YEARWEEK
        YEAR
        ADDTIME
        DAYNAME
        DAY
        String functions
        ASCII
        BIN
        BIT_LENGTH
        CHAR
        CHAR_LENGTH
        CHARACTER_LENGTH
        CONCAT
        CONCAT_WS
        ELT
        EXPORT_SET
        FIELD
        FIND_IN_SET
        FORMAT
        HEX
        INSERT
        INSTR
        INT2IP
        IP2INT
        LCASE
        LEFT
        LENGTH
        LOCATE
        LOWER
        LPAD
        LTRIM
        MAKE_SET
        MID
        OCT
        OCTET_LENGTH
        ORD
        POSITION
        QUOTE
        REGEXP
        REGEXP_INSTR
        REGEXP_LIKE
        REGEXP_REPLACE
        REGEXP_SUBSTR
        REPEAT
        REPLACE
        REVERSE
        RIGHT
        RLIKE
        RPAD
        RTRIM
        SPACE
        STRCMP
        SUBSTR
        SUBSTRING
        SUBSTRING_INDEX
        TRIM
        UCASE
        UNHEX
        UPPER
        WEIGHT_STRING
        TO_BASE64
        FROM_BASE64
        SOUNDEX
        Conversion functions
        CAST
        CONVERT
        SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
        TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
        Mathematical functions
        ABS
        ACOS
        ASIN
        ATAN
        ATAN2
        BIT_COUNT
        CEIL
        CEILING
        CONV
        COS
        COT
        CRC32
        DEGREES
        EXP
        FLOOR
        LN
        LOG
        LOG10
        LOG2
        MOD
        NEG
        PI
        POW
        POWER
        RADIANS
        RAND
        ROUND
        SIGN
        SIN
        SQRT
        TAN
        TRUNCATE
        Comparison functions
        GREATEST
        INTERVAL
        ISNULL
        LEAST
        Process control functions
        CASE
        IF
        IFNULL
        NULLIF
        ORA_DECODE
        Aggregation functions
        APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
        AVG
        BIT_AND
        BIT_OR
        BIT_XOR
        COUNT
        GROUP_CONCAT
        GROUPING
        MAX
        MIN
        STD
        STDDEV
        STDDEV_POP
        STDDEV_SAMP
        SUM
        VAR_POP
        VAR_SAMP
        VARIANCE
        Analysis functions
        APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
        AVG
        BIT_AND
        BIT_OR
        BIT_XOR
        COUNT
        CUME_DIST
        DENSE_RANK
        FIRST_VALUE
        LAG
        LAST_VALUE
        LEAD
        MAX
        MIN
        NTH_VALUE
        NTILE
        PERCENT_RANK
        RANK
        ROW_NUMBER
        STD
        STDDEV
        STDDEV_POP
        STDDEV_SAMP
        SUM
        VAR_POP
        VAR_SAMP
        VARIANCE
        Encryption functions
        AES_DECRYPT
        AES_ENCRYPT
        COMPRESS
        DECODE
        DES_DECRYPT
        DES_ENCRYPT
        ENCODE
        ENCRYPT
        MD5
        UNCOMPRESS
        UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH
        RANDOM_BYTES
        SHA
        SHA1
        SHA2
        VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH
        Information functions
        BENCHMARK
        CHARSET
        COERCIBILITY
        COLLATION
        CONNECTION_ID
        CURRENT_USER
        DATABASE
        FOUND_ROWS
        LAST_INSERT_ID
        ICU_VERSION
        ROW_COUNT
        SCHEMA
        SESSION_USER
        SYSTEM_USER
        USER
        VERSION
        OB_VERSION
        JSON functions
        Create JSON text
        JSON_ARRAY
        JSON_OBJECT
        JSON_QUOTE
        Search JSON text
        JSON_CONTAINS
        JSON_CONTAINS_PATH
        JSON_EXTRACT
        JSON_KEYS
        JSON_OVERLAPS
        JSON_SEARCH
        JSON_VALUE
        MEMBER OF
        Modify JSON text
        JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
        JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
        JSON_INSERT
        JSON_MERGE
        JSON_MERGE_PATCH
        JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE
        JSON_REMOVE
        JSON_REPLACE
        JSON_SET
        JSON_UNQUOTE
        Return JSON text properties
        JSON_DEPTH
        JSON_LENGTH
        JSON_TYPE
        JSON_VALID
        JSON utility functions
        JSON_PRETTY
        JSON_STORAGE_SIZE
        JSON aggregation functions
        JSON_ARRAYAGG
        JSON_OBJECTAGG
        Spatial functions
        Create a geometric function
        Spatial operation functions
        Spatial relation functions
        Geometry property functions
        Geometric format conversion functions
      - Queries and subqueries
        Overview
        Subquery
        JOIN
      - SQL statements
        General syntax
        CTE
        ALTER DATABASE
        ALTER OUTLINE
        ALTER SEQUENCE
        MERGE
        ALTER TABLE
        ALTER TABLEGROUP
        ALTER USER
        ALTER VIEW
        ANALYZE
        CREATE DATABASE
        CREATE INDEX
        CREATE OUTLINE
        CREATE SEQUENCE
        CREATE TABLE
        CREATE TABLEGROUP
        CREATE USER
        CREATE VIEW
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE
        DELETE
        DESCRIBE
        DROP DATABASE
        DROP INDEX
        DROP OUTLINE
        DROP TABLE
        DROP TABLEGROUP
        DROP SEQUENCE
        DROP USER
        DROP VIEW
        EXECUTE
        EXPLAIN
        FLASHBACK
        GRANT
        HELP
        INSERT
        KILL
        LOAD DATA
        LOCK TABLES
        MERGE
        OPTIMIZE
        PREPARE
        PURGE
        PURGE RECYCLEBIN
        RENAME USER
        RENAME TABLE
        REPLACE
        REVOKE
        SAVEPOINT
        SCHEMA
        SELECT INTO
        SELECT
        SELECT
        JOIN clause
        OVER clause
        UNION clause
        SET
        SET CHARSET
        SET NAMES
        SET PASSWORD
        SET TRANSACTION
        SHOW
        TRANSACTION
        TRUNCATE TABLE
        UPDATE
        USE
      - DDL features
        Overview
        Index operations
        Primary key operations
        Column operations
        Column generation operations
        Foreign key operations
        Table operations
        Partition operations
        Column type change rules
      - Performance schema functions
        FORMAT_BYTES
        FORMAT_PICO_TIM
      - Other functions
        ANY_VALUE
        BIN_TO_UUID
        COALESCE
        DEFAULT
        NAME_CONST
        INET_ATON
        INET_NTOA
        INET6_ATON
        INET6_NTOA
        IS_IPV4
        IS_IPV4_COMPAT
        IS_IPV6
        IS_UUID
        NVL
        UUID_TO_BIN
        SLEEP
        UUID
        UUID_SHORT
        VALUES
    - Common tenant (Oracle mode)
      - Introduction to SQL
      - Pseudo column
        Overview
        Hierarchical query pseudocolumns
        Sequence pseudocolumns
        ORA_ROWSCN pseudocolumn
        ROWNUM pseudocolumn
        ROWID pseudocolumn
      - Basic elements
        Built-in data types
        Overview
        Character data types
        Overview
        CHAR data type
        NCHAR data type
        NVARCHAR2 data type
        VARCHAR2 data type
        VARCHAR data type
        Numeric data types
        Overview
        NUMBER data type
        FLOAT data type
        Floating-point numbers
        Precedence of numeric data types
        Date and time and interval data types
        Overview
        DATE type
        TIMESTAMP type
        TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE date type
        TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data type
        INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type
        INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type
        Calculation of dates, timestamps, and intervals
        RAW data type
        Large object data types
        Overview
        BLOB data type
        CLOB data type
        Rowid data types
        User-defined data types
        Any type
        JSON data types
        Overview
        Create JSON columns
        Query JSON data
        Conversion rules for JSON data types
        Data type comparison rules
        Overview
        Numeric value comparison rules
        Date value comparison rules
        Character value comparison rules
        Data type precedence
        Data type conversion rules
        Security considerations for data conversion
        Literal
        Overview
        Text literals
        Numeric literals
        Date and time literal
        Date literals
        Timestamp literals
        Interval literals
        Format model
        Overview
        Number format models
        Datetime format models
        RR datetime format element
        String-to-date conversion rules
        Null value
        Overview
        Nulls in SQL functions
        Nulls in comparison conditions
        Nulls in conditional expressions
        Annotation
        Overview
        Comments within SQL statements
        Comments on schema and nonschema objects
        Hint
        Overview
        Hint list
        Hints related to access path
        Hints related to join orders
        Hints related to joins
        Hints related to parallel execution
        Hints related to query strategy
        Hints related to query conversion
        Other hints
        Database objects
        Schema objects
        Non-schema objects
        Database naming conventions
        Overview
        Suggestions on schema object names
        Database object reference method
        Overview
        Reference to schema objects
        Reference objects in remote databases
        Create a database link
        Reference a database link
        Reference to partition tables and indexes
        Reference an attribute or method of an object type
      - Operator
        Overview
        Operator precedence
        Arithmetic operators
        Concatenation operator
        Hierarchical query operators
        Set operators
        COLLATE operator
      - Function
        Overview
        Single-row functions
        Numeric functions
        ABS
        ACOS
        ASIN
        ATAN
        ATAN2
        BITAND
        CEIL
        COS
        COSH
        EXP
        FLOOR
        LN
        LOG
        MOD
        NANVL
        POWER
        REMAINDER
        ROUND
        SIGN
        SIN
        SINH
        SQRT
        TAN
        TANH
        TRUNC
        WIDTH_BUCKET
        String functions returning strings
        CHR
        CONCAT
        INITCAP
        LOWER
        LPAD
        LTRIM
        NLS_LOWER
        NLS_UPPER
        REGEXP_REPLACE
        REGEXP_SUBSTR
        REPLACE
        RPAD
        RTRIM
        SUBSTR
        TRANSLATE
        TRANSLATE ... USING
        TRIM
        UPPER
        String functions returning numbers
        ASCII
        INSTR
        LENGTH
        REGEXP_COUNT
        REGEXP_INSTR
        Date and time
        ADD_MONTHS
        CURRENT_DATE
        CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
        DBTIMEZONE
        EXTRACT(datetime)
        FROM_TZ
        LAST_DAY
        LOCALTIMESTAMP
        MONTHS_BETWEEN
        NEXT_DAY
        NUMTODSINTERVAL
        NUMTOYMINTERVAL
        ROUND (date)
        SESSIONTIMEZONE
        SYS_EXTRACT_UTC
        SYSDATE
        SYSTIMESTAMP
        TO_CHAR (datetime)
        TO_DSINTERVAL
        TO_TIMESTAMP
        TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
        TO_YMINTERVAL
        TRUNC (date)
        TZ_OFFSET
        Generic comparison functions
        GREATEST
        LEAST
        Conversion functions
        ASCIISTR
        CAST
        CHARTOROWID
        CONVERT
        HEXTORAW
        NUMTODSINTERVAL
        NUMTOYMINTERVAL
        RAWTOHEX
        ROWIDTOCHAR
        ROWIDTONCHAR
        SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
        TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
        TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
        TO_BINARY_FLOAT
        TO_BLOB
        TO_CHAR (character)
        TO_CHAR (datetime)
        TO_CHAR (number)
        TO_CLOB
        TO_DATE
        TO_DSINTERVAL
        TO_MULTI_BYTE
        TO_NUMBER
        TO_NCHAR (character)
        TO_NCHAR (datetime)
        TO_NCHAR (number)
        TO_SINGLE_BYTE
        TO_TIMESTAMP
        TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
        TO_YMINTERVAL
        UNISTR
        Encoding and decoding functions
        DECODE
        DUMP
        ORA_HASH
        VSIZE
        Null value related functions
        COALESCE
        LNNVL
        NANVL
        NULLIF
        NVL
        NVL2
        Environment and identifier functions
        SYS_CONTEXT
        SYS_GUID
        UID
        USER
        USERENV
        OB_VERSION
        Hierarchical functions
        SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
        JSON functions
        Overview
        Create JSON text
        JSON_ARRAY
        JSON_OBJECT
        JSON_ARRAYAGG
        JSON_OBJECTAGG
        Query JSON text
        JSON_VALUE
        JSON_QUERY
        JSON_EXISTS
        JSON_TABLE
        Validate JSON text
        JSON_EQUAL
        Modify JSON text
        JSON_MERGEPATCH
        Aggregation functions
        APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
        AVG
        CORR
        COUNT
        COVAR_POP
        COVAR_SAMP
        CUME_DIST
        DENSE_RANK
        GROUPING
        KEEP
        LISTAGG
        MAX
        MEDIAN
        MIN
        PERCENT_RANK
        PERCENTILE_CONT
        PERCENTILE_DISC
        RANK
        REGR_ (Linear Regression)
        ROLLUP
        STDDEV
        STDDEV_POP
        STDDEV_SAMP
        SUM
        VAR_POP
        VAR_SAMP
        VARIANCE
        WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
        Analysis functions
        Analytic functions
        AVG
        CORR
        COUNT
        COVAR_POP
        COVAR_SAMP
        CUME_DIST
        DENSE_RANK
        FIRST_VALUE
        KEEP
        LAG
        LAST_VALUE
        LEAD
        LISTAGG
        MAX
        MEDIAN
        MIN
        NTILE
        NTH_VALUE
        PERCENT_RANK
        PERCENTILE_CONT
        PERCENTILE_DISC
        RANK
        RATIO_TO_REPORT
        REGR_ (Linear Regression)
        ROW_NUMBER
        STDDEV
        STDDEV_POP
        STDDEV_SAMP
        SUM
        VAR_POP
        VAR_SAMP
        VARIANCE
        WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
      - Expressions
        Overview
        Simple expressions
        Compound expressions
        Case expressions
        Column expressions
        CURSOR expressions
        Datetime expressions
        Function expressions
        Interval expressions
        Scalar subquery expressions
        Type constructor expressions
        Expression list
      - Conditions
        Overview
        Condition precedence
        Comparison conditions
        Floating-point conditions
        Logical conditions
        Pattern-matching conditions
        Null conditions
        Compound conditions
        BETWEEN condition
        EXISTS condition
        IN condition
      - Queries and subqueries
        Overview
        Simple query
        Hierarchical query
        Compound query
        Join queries
        Subqueries
        DUAL table query
      - SQL statements
        DDL
        ALTER INDEX
        ALTER KEYSTORE
        ALTER OUTLINE
        ALTER PROFILE
        ALTER ROLE
        ALTER SEQUENCE
        ALTER SESSION
        ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH PLAN CACHE
        ALTER SYSTEM PARAMETER
        ALTER TABLE
        ALTER TABLEGROUP
        ALTER USER
        CREATE CONTEXT
        CREATE DIRECTORY
        CREATE DATABASE LINK
        CREATE INDEX
        CREATE KEYSTORE
        CREATE OUTLINE
        CREATE PROFILE
        CREATE ROLE
        CREATE SEQUENCE
        CREATE SYNONYM
        CREATE TABLE
        CREATE TABLEGROUP
        CREATE TABLESPACE
        CREATE USER
        CREATE VIEW
        DROP CONTEXT
        DROP DIRECTORY
        DROP INDEX
        DROP OUTLINE
        DROP PROFILE
        DROP ROLE
        DROP SEQUENCE
        DROP SYNONYM
        DROP TABLE
        DROP TABLEGROUP
        DROP TABLESPACE
        DROP USER
        DROP VIEW
        RENAME
        TRUNCATE TABLE
        ALTER SYSTEM MAJOR FREEZE
        DML
        DELETE
        INSERT
        MERGE
        PURGE
        SELECT
        SIMPLE SELECT
        Set-based SELECT
        WITH CLAUSE
        UPDATE
        DCL
        ANALYZE
        AUDIT
        COMMENT
        COMMIT
        EXPLAIN
        FLASHBACK TABLE BEFORE DROP
        GRANT
        KILL
        LOAD DATA
        LOCK TABLE
        REVOKE
        ROLLBACK
        SAVEPOINT
        SET NAMES
        SET PASSWORD
        SET ROLE
        SET VARIABLE
        SHOW
        SHRINK
        TRANSACTION
      - DDL features
        Overview
        Index operations
        Primary key operations
        Column operations
        Column generation operations
        Foreign key operations
        Table operations
        Partition operations
        Column type change rules
  - SQL practices and suggestions
    - Limits on writing SQL statements
    - SQL writing guidelines
      - SELECT statements
      - DML statements
      - Multi-table join statements
      - Table scan
      - Transactions
      - Cache
      - Hint
      - Other specifications
    - SQL statement examples
      - Implicit data type conversion
      - JOIN tables
      - Weak consistency read
      - Pagination queries
  - PL reference
    - What is PL
      - Overview
      - Main features of PL
      - PL architecture
    - MySQL mode
      - Syntax of PL stored programs
      - PL stored procedure
        Overview
        Variables in stored programs
        Stored procedures
        Stored functions
        Trigger
        Limitations on stored programs
      - PL cursor
        Overview
        Cursor execution process
        Limitations on server cursors
      - PL conditional control statements
        CASE
        IF
        ITERATE
        LEAVE
        LOOP
        REPEAT
        RETURN
        WHILE
      - PL DML statements
        CALL
        DO
      - PL DDL statements
        ALTER FUNCTION
        ALTER PROCEDURE
        CREATE FUNCTION
        CREATE PROCEDURE
        CREATE TRIGGER
        DROP FUNCTION
        DROP PROCEDURE
        DROP TRIGGER
      - PL database management statements
        SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
        SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
        SHOW CREATE TRIGGER
        SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
        SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
        SHOW TRIGGERS
      - PL related dictionary views
        INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS
        INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES
        INFORMATION_SCHEMA TRIGGERS
      - PL exception handling
        Overview
        DECLARE ... CONDITION
        DECLARE ... HANDLER
        GET DIAGNOSTICS
        RESIGNAL
        SIGNAL
        Effective scope of an exception handler
        Diagnostics area
        Exception handling and OUT/INOUT parameters
        Limitations on exception handling
      - PL system package
        Overview
        DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
        Overview
        CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
        CREATE_PLAN
        CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
        DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
        DELETE_PLAN
        DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
        SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
        UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
        DBMS_STATS
        Overview
        ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
        CREATE_STAT_TABLE
        DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
        DELETE_INDEX_STATS
        DELETE_TABLE_STATS
        DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
        DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
        DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
        DROP_STAT_TABLE
        EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
        EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
        EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
        EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
        FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
        GATHER_INDEX_STATS
        GATHER_TABLE_STATS
        GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
        GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
        GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
        GET_PARAM
        GET_PREFS
        IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
        IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
        IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
        IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
        LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
        LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
        LOCK_TABLE_STATS
        RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
        RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
        RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
        RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
        PURGE_STATS
        SET_COLUMN_STATS
        SET_INDEX_STATS
        SET_TABLE_STATS
        SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
        SET_PARAM
        SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
        SET_TABLE_PREFS
        UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
        UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
        UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
        DBMS_UDR
        Overview
        CREATE_RULE
        DISABLE_RULE
        ENABLE_RULE
        REMOVE_RULE
        DBMS_XPLAN
        Overview
        DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
        ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
        SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
      - Reserved and non-reserved PL keywords
    - Oracle mode
      - PL language basics
        Character sets
        Lexical units
        Declaration
        Reference identifiers
        Scope and visibility of identifiers
        Assign values
        Expressions
        PL blocks
        Subprograms
        Error-reporting functions
      - PL data types
        Overview
        SQL data types
        LOB data types
        BOOLEAN type
        User-defined subtypes
        PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER
        Arrays
        PL JSON data types
      - PL process control
        Overview
        Conditional control
        Loop control
        Sequential control
      - PL collections and records
        Overview
        Collections
        Associative arrays
        Varrays
        Nested tables
        Collection constructor function
        Collection methods
        Overview of collection methods
        DELETE method
        TRIM method
        EXTEND method
        EXISTS method
        FIRST and LAST methods
        COUNT method
        LIMIT method
        PRIOR and NEXT methods
        Records
        Insert records into a table and update a table by using records
        Create and call a subprogram with record type parameters
      - PL static SQL
        Overview
        Cursor
        Overview
        Cursor attributes
        Implicit cursors
        Explicit cursors
        Cursor variables
        Traverse cursor data by using the FOR loop
        Modify and drop a cursor
        Transaction processing and control
        Autonomous transactions
        Overview
        Control autonomous transactions
        Autonomous triggers
        Call autonomous functions from SQL statements
      - PL dynamic SQL
        Overview
        Execute dynamic SQL statements
        DBMS_SQL system package
      - PL stored procedure and functions
        Overview
        Create a stored procedure
        Create a function
        Manage stored procedures and functions
        Privilege control
        Pipeline functions
        Overview
        Create a pipelined table function
        Application
        User defined functions
        Overview
        Interface for user-defined aggregate functions
        Create user-defined aggregate functions
        Use user-defined aggregate functions
      - PL trigger
        Overview
        Create a DML trigger
        Modify and drop a trigger
        Disable or enable a trigger
        Query trigger information
        INSTEAD OF DML trigger
        Compound DML trigger
      - PL package
        Overview
        Create a program package
        Overloaded programs in a package
        Manage program packages
        Definition of the PL environment by the STANDARD package
      - PL exception handling
        Overview
        Compile-Time alerts
        Exception types
        Exception handling processes
      - DDL operations on stored PL units
        Overview
        ALTER FUNCTION
        ALTER PACKAGE
        ALTER PROCEDURE
        ALTER TRIGGER
        ALTER TYPE
        CREATE FUNCTION
        CREATE PACKAGE
        CREATE PACKAGE BODY
        CREATE PROCEDURE
        CREATE TRIGGER
        CREATE TYPE
        CREATE TYPE BODY
        DROP FUNCTION
        DROP PACKAGE
        DROP PROCEDURE
        DROP TRIGGER
        DROP TYPE
        DROP TYPE BODY
      - PL label security package
        Overview of label security PL packages
        SA_SYSDBA
        SA_SYSDBA overview
        SA_SYSDBA.ALTER_POLICY
        SA_SYSDBA.CREATE_POLICY
        SA_SYSDBA.DROP_POLICY
        SA_COMPONENTS
        SA_COMPONENTS overview
        SA_COMPONENTS.ALTER_LEVEL
        SA_COMPONENTS.CREATE_LEVEL
        SA_COMPONENTS.DROP_LEVEL
        SA_LABEL_ADMIN
        SA_LABEL_ADMIN overview
        SA_LABEL_ADMIN.ALTER_LABEL
        SA_LABEL_ADMIN.CREATE_LABEL
        SA_LABEL_ADMIN.DROP_LABEL
        SA_POLICY_ADMIN
        SA_POLICY_ADMIN overview
        SA_POLICY_ADMIN.APPLY_TABLE_POLICY
        SA_POLICY_ADMIN.DISABLE_TABLE_POLICY
        SA_POLICY_ADMIN.ENABLE_TABLE_POLICY
        SA_POLICY_ADMIN.REMOVE_TABLE_POLICY
        SA_USER_ADMIN
        SA_USER_ADMIN overview
        SA_USER_ADMIN.SET_LEVELS
        SA_SESSION
        SA_SESSION overview
        SA_SESSION.LABEL
        SA_SESSION.RESTORE_DEFAULT_LABELS
        SA_SESSION.ROW_LABEL
        SA_SESSION.SET_LABEL
        SA_SESSION.SET_ROW_LABEL
      - PL system package (Oracle mode)
        Overview
        DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO
        Overview
        READ_CLIENT_INFO
        READ_MODULE
        SET_ACTION
        SET_CLIENT_INFO
        SET_MODULE
        DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT
        Overview
        CLEAN_AUDIT_TRAIL
        CREATE_PURGE_JOB
        DROP_PURGE_JOB
        SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP
        SET_PURGE_JOB_STATUS
        DBMS_CRYPTO
        Overview
        ENCRYPT
        DECRYPT
        HASH
        DBMS_DEBUG
        Overview
        ATTACH_SESSION
        CONTINUE
        DEBUG_ON
        DEBUG_OFF
        DETACH_SESSION
        DELETE_BREAKPOINT
        DISABLE_BREAKPOINT
        ENABLE_BREAKPOINT
        GET_VALUE
        GET_VALUES
        GET_RUNTIME_INFO
        GET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
        INITIALIZE
        PROBE_VERSION
        PRINT_BACKTRACE
        SET_TIMEOUT
        SET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
        SET_BREAKPOINT
        SHOW_BREAKPOINTS
        DBMS_DESCRIBE
        Overview
        DESCRIBE_PROCEDURE
        DBMS_JOB
        Overview
        BROKEN
        CHANGE
        ZONE
        INTERVAL
        NEXT_DATE
        REMOVE
        RUN
        SUBMIT
        USER_EXPORT
        WHAT
        DBMS_LOB
        Overview
        APPEND
        CLOSE
        COPY
        CREATETEMPORARY
        ERASE
        FREETEMPORARY
        GETLENGTH
        ISOPEN
        INSTR
        OPEN
        READ
        SUBSTR
        TRIM
        WRITE
        WRITEAPPEND
        DBMS_LOCK
        Overview
        SLEEP
        DBMS_METADATA
        Overview
        GET_DDL
        DBMS_OUTPUT
        Overview
        DISABLE
        ENABLE
        GET_LINE
        GET_LINES
        NEW_LINE
        PUT
        PUT_LINE
        DBMS_PLAN_CACHE
        Overview
        PURGE
        DBMS_RANDOM
        Overview
        INITIALIZE
        NORMAL
        RANDOM
        SEED
        STRING
        TERMINATE
        VALUE
        DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
        Overview
        CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
        CREATE_PLAN
        CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
        DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
        DELETE_PLAN
        DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
        SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
        UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
        DBMS_SCHEDULER
        Overview
        CREATE_JOB
        CREATE_PROGRAM
        DEFINE_PROGRAM_ARGUMENT
        DISABLE
        DROP_JOB
        DROP_PROGRAM
        ENABLE
        GENERATE_JOB_NAME
        RUN_JOB
        SET_ATTRIBUTE
        SET_JOB_ARGUMENT_VALUE
        DBMS_SESSION
        Overview
        CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT
        CLEAR_CONTEXT
        CLEAR_IDENTIFIER
        SET_CONTEXT
        SET_IDENTIFIER
        DBMS_SQL
        Overview
        BIND_VARIABLE
        CLOSE_CURSOR
        COLUMN_VALUE
        DEFINE_COLUMN
        DEFINE_ARRAY
        DESCRIBE_COLUMNS
        EXECUTE
        EXECUTE_AND_FETCH
        FETCH_ROWS
        IS_OPEN
        OPEN_CURSOR
        PARSE
        DBMS_STATS
        Overview
        ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
        CREATE_STAT_TABLE
        DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
        DELETE_INDEX_STATS
        DELETE_TABLE_STATS
        DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
        DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
        DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
        DROP_STAT_TABLE
        EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
        EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
        EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
        EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
        FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
        GATHER_INDEX_STATS
        GATHER_TABLE_STATS
        GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
        GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
        GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
        GET_PARAM
        GET_PREFS
        IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
        IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
        IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
        IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
        LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
        LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
        LOCK_TABLE_STATS
        RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
        RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
        RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
        RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
        PURGE_STATS
        SET_COLUMN_STATS
        SET_INDEX_STATS
        SET_TABLE_STATS
        SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
        SET_PARAM
        SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
        SET_TABLE_PREFS
        UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
        UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
        UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
        DBMS_UDR
        Overview
        CREATE_RULE
        DISABLE_RULE
        ENABLE_RULE
        REMOVE_RULE
        DBMS_UTILITY
        Overview
        ACTIVE_INSTANCES
        COMMA_TO_TABLE
        CURRENT_INSTANCE
        DB_VERSION
        FORMAT_CALL_STACK
        FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE
        FORMAT_ERROR_STACK
        GET_ENDIANNESS
        GET_HASH_VALUE
        GET_PARAMETER_VALUE
        GET_SQL_HASH
        GET_TIME
        IS_BIT_SET
        IS_CLUSTER_DATABASE
        NAME_RESOLVE
        NAME_TOKENIZE
        OLD_CURRENT_SCHEMA
        OLD_CURRENT_USER
        PORT_STRING
        TABLE_TO_COMMA
        DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
        Overview
        ASH_REPORT
        DBMS_XA
        Overview
        DBMS_XA constants
        DBMS_XA_XID object type
        DIST_TXN_SYNC
        XA_COMMIT
        XA_END
        XA_FORGET
        XA_GETLASTOER
        XA_PREPARE
        XA_RECOVER
        XA_ROLLBACK
        XA_SETTIMEOUT
        XA_START
        DBMS_XMLGEN
        Overview
        CONVERT
        DBMS_XPLAN
        Overview
        DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
        ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
        SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
        ODCIConst
        Overview
        ODCIArgDesc.ArgType
        ODCIEnv.CallProperty
        ODCIEnv.Envflags
        ODCIIndexAlter
        ODCIIndexAlter parameter alter_option
        ODCIIndexInfo.IndexInfoFlags
        ODCIIndexInfo.IndexParaDegree
        ODCIPredInfo.Flags
        ODCIQueryInfo.Flags
        ODCIStatsOptions.Flags
        ODCIStatsOptions.Options
        Return Status
        ScnFlg
        UTL_ENCODE
        Overview
        BASE64_DECODE
        BASE64_ENCODE
        UTL_FILE
        Overview
        FCLOSE
        FFLUSH
        FOPEN
        FGETPOS
        FREMOVE
        FRENAME
        FSEEK
        NEW_LINE
        GET_LINE
        PUT
        PUT_LINE
        UTL_I18N
        Overview
        RAW_TO_CHAR
        STRING_TO_RAW
        UTL_RAW
        Overview
        BIT_AND
        BIT_COMPLEMENT
        BIT_OR
        BIT_XOR
        CAST_FROM_BINARY_DOUBLE
        CAST_FROM_BINARY_FLOAT
        CAST_FROM_BINARY_INTEGER
        CAST_FROM_NUMBER
        CAST_TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
        CAST_TO_BINARY_FLOAT
        CAST_TO_BINARY_INTEGER
        CAST_TO_NUMBER
        CAST_TO_RAW
        CAST_TO_VARCHAR2
        COMPARE
        CONCAT
        COPIES
        LENGTH
        REVERSE
        SUBSTR
        ANYDATA TYPE
        Overview
        BEGINCREATE static procedure
        ENDCREATE member procedure
        GET* member functions
        GETTYPE member function
        GETTYPENAME member function
        PIECEWISE member procedure
        SET* member procedures
        XMLType
        Overview
        CREATEXML
        GETCLOBVAL
        GETSTRINGVAL
        TRANSFORM
        XMLTYPE
      - Reserved PL keywords
  - Database design guidelines
    - Object naming conventions
      - Overview
      - Tenant naming conventions
      - User naming conventions
      - Table naming conventions
      - Field naming conventions
      - Other naming conventions
    - Object structure design guidelines
      - Field design
      - Table structure design
      - Partitioned table design
      - Index design
      - Other structural designs
    - Character set specifications
    - Database connection specifications
    - Use of comments
    - ORM conventions
    - Exception handling
  - TableAPI
    - Introduction to TableAPI implementation
      - Implementation of TableAPI
      - Differences between replace and insert_or_update
      - TableAPI data models
    - Using TableAPI client
      - Introduction to the client and instructions for use
      - Set client parameters
      - An example of client use
    - Troubleshooting
  - HBaseAPI
    - HBaseAPI solution introduction
    - HBaseAPI storage model
    - Usage instructions of the HBaseAPI client
- System reference
  - System parameters
    - Overview
    - Summary of system parameters
    - Cluster level
      - all_cluster_list
      - all_server_list
      - auto_broadcast_location_cache_rate_limit
      - auto_leader_switch_interval
      - auto_refresh_location_cache_rate_limit
      - autoinc_cache_refresh_interval
      - backup_backup_dest
      - backup_backup_dest_option
      - backup_dest_option
      - backup_concurrency
      - backup_dest
      - backup_data_file_size
      - backup_log_archive_option
      - backup_net_limit
      - backup_recovery_window
      - backup_region
      - backup_zone
      - balance_blacklist_failure_threshold
      - balance_blacklist_retry_interval
      - balancer_emergency_percentage
      - balancer_idle_time
      - balancer_log_interval
      - balancer_task_timeout
      - balancer_timeout_check_interval
      - balancer_tolerance_percentage
      - bf_cache_miss_count_threshold
      - bf_cache_priority
      - builtin_db_data_verify_cycle
      - cache_wash_threshold
      - clog_disk_utilization_threshold
      - clog_expire_days
      - clog_cache_priority
      - clog_disk_usage_limit_percentage
      - clog_sync_time_warn_threshold
      - clog_transport_compress_func
      - cpu_reserved
      - cluster
      - cluster_id
      - config_additional_dir
      - cpu_count
      - data_copy_concurrency
      - data_dir
      - data_disk_usage_limit_percentage
      - data_storage_error_tolerance_time
      - data_storage_warning_tolerance_time
      - datafile_disk_percentage
      - datafile_size
      - dead_socket_detection_timeout
      - debug_sync_timeout
      - default_compress
      - default_compress_func
      - default_transport_compress_func
      - default_row_format
      - devname
      - disk_io_thread_count
      - dtl_buffer_size
      - election_cpu_quota
      - election_blacklist_interval
      - enable_auto_refresh_location_cache
      - enable_auto_refresh_location_cache
      - enable_auto_leader_switch
      - enable_ddl
      - enable_global_freeze_trigger
      - enable_log_archive
      - enable_election_group
      - enable_major_freeze
      - enable_merge_by_turn
      - enable_manual_merge
      - enable_ob_ratelimit
      - enable_one_phase_commit
      - enable_perf_event
      - enable_pg
      - enable_rebalance
      - enable_record_trace_id
      - enable_record_trace_log
      - enable_rereplication
      - enable_rich_error_msg
      - enable_separate_sys_clog
      - enable_smooth_leader_switch
      - enable_rootservice_standalone
      - enable_sql_audit
      - enable_sql_operator_dump
      - enable_sys_table_ddl
      - enable_sys_unit_standalone
      - enable_syslog_recycle
      - enable_syslog_wf
      - enable_tcp_keepalive
      - fast_recovery_concurrency
      - enable_upgrade_mode
      - flush_log_at_trx_commit
      - gc_wait_archive
      - fuse_row_cache_priority
      - global_index_build_single_replica_timeout
      - global_major_freeze_residual_memory
      - get_leader_candidate_rpc_timeout
      - global_write_halt_residual_memory
      - high_priority_net_thread_count
      - ignore_replay_checksum_error
      - ignore_replica_checksum_error
      - index_clog_cache_priority
      - index_info_block_cache_priority
      - index_cache_priority
      - ilog_index_expire_time
      - internal_sql_execute_timeout
      - large_query_threshold
      - large_query_worker_percentage
      - leak_mod_to_check
      - lease_time
      - location_cache_cpu_quota
      - location_cache_priority
      - location_cache_expire_time
      - location_cache_refresh_min_interval
      - location_cache_refresh_rpc_timeout
      - location_cache_refresh_sql_timeout
      - location_fetch_concurrency
      - location_refresh_thread_count
      - log_archive_batch_buffer_limit
      - log_archive_checkpoint_interval
      - max_kept_major_version_number
      - max_px_worker_count
      - max_string_print_length
      - max_syslog_file_count
      - memory_chunk_cache_size
      - memory_limit
      - memory_limit_percentage
      - memory_reserved
      - memstore_limit_percentage
      - merge_stat_sampling_ratio
      - merge_thread_count
      - merger_completion_percentage
      - merger_switch_leader_duration_time
      - merger_warm_up_duration_time
      - micro_block_merge_verify_level
      - migrate_concurrency
      - migration_disable_time
      - min_observer_version
      - minor_deferred_gc_time
      - mysql_port
      - net_thread_count
      - ob_event_history_recycle_interval
      - ob_ratelimit_stat_period
      - obconfig_url
      - tablet_meta_table_check_interval
      - tablet_meta_table_scan_batch_count
      - plan_cache_evict_interval
      - plan_cache_high_watermark
      - plan_cache_low_watermark
      - px_task_size
      - px_workers_per_cpu_quota
      - rdma_io_thread_count
      - recyclebin_object_expire_time
      - ls_meta_table_check_interval
      - resource_hard_limit
      - rebuild_replica_data_lag_threshold
      - rootservice_async_task_queue_size
      - rootservice_async_task_thread_count
      - # rootservice_list
      - rootservice_memory_limit
      - rootservice_ready_check_interval
      - row_compaction_update_limit
      - rpc_port
      - rpc_timeout
      - schema_history_expire_time
      - schema_history_recycle_interval
      - server_balance_cpu_mem_tolerance_percent
      - server_balance_critical_disk_waterlevel
      - server_balance_disk_tolerance_percent
      - server_check_interval
      - server_cpu_quota_max
      - server_cpu_quota_min
      - server_permanent_offline_time
      - server_data_copy_out_concurrency
      - server_data_copy_in_concurrency
      - ssl_client_authentication
      - ssl_external_kms_info
      - stack_size
      - sql_audit_memory_limit
      - sys_bkgd_migration_change_member_list_timeout
      - sys_bkgd_migration_retry_num
      - sys_bkgd_net_percentage
      - switchover_process_thread_count
      - syslog_io_bandwidth_limit
      - sys_bkgd_io_high_percentage
      - syslog_level
      - sys_bkgd_io_low_percentage
      - sys_cpu_limit_trigger
      - system_memory
      - system_trace_level
      - tableapi_transport_compress_func
      - tablet_size
      - tcp_keepcnt
      - system_cpu_quota
      - tcp_keepidle
      - tcp_keepintvl
      - tenant_cpu_variation_per_server
      - tenant_task_queue_size
      - token_reserved_percentage
      - trace_log_sampling_interval
      - trace_log_slow_query_watermark
      - trx_2pc_retry_interval
      - tenant_groups
      - use_large_pages
      - user_block_cache_priority
      - trx_force_kill_threshold
      - trx_force_kill_threshold
      - trx_try_wait_lock_timeout
      - unit_balance_resource_weight
      - virtual_table_location_cache_expire_time
      - weak_read_version_refresh_interval
      - user_iort_up_percentage
      - workers_per_cpu_quota
      - zone
      - user_tab_col_stat_cache_priority
      - wait_leader_batch_count
      - log_disk_size
      - log_disk_percentage
      - tablet_ls_cache_priority
      - opt_tab_stat_cache_priority
      - zone_merge_concurrency
      - index_block_cache_priority
      - zone_merge_order
      - sql_login_thread_count
      - zone_merge_timeout
      - enable_asan_for_memory_context
      - ob_esi_rpc_port
      - enable_cgroup
      - enable_ob_esi_process
      - diag_syslog_per_error_limit
      - ob_esi_session_timeout
      - ob_esi_io_concurrency
      - ob_startup_mode
      - ob_esi_memory_limit
      - log_storage_warning_tolerance_time
      - ob_esi_syslog_level
      - ob_esi_max_syslog_file_count
      - sql_net_thread_count
      - minor_freeze_times
      - minor_merge_concurrency
      - minor_warm_up_duration_time
      - multiblock_read_gap_size
      - multiblock_read_size
      - ofs_list
      - partition_table_check_interval
      - replica_safe_remove_time
      - resource_soft_limit
      - restore_concurrency
      - row_purge_thread_count
    - Tenant level
      - audit_sys_operations
      - audit_trail
      - clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count
      - clog_persistence_compress_func
      - connection_control_failed_connections_threshold
      - connection_control_min_connection_delay
      - connection_control_max_connection_delay
      - enable_clog_persistence_compress
      - enable_early_lock_release
      - enable_monotonic_weak_read
      - external_kms_info
      - enable_sql_extension
      - default_progressive_merge_num
      - io_category_config
      - log_disk_utilization_limit_threshold
      - log_disk_utilization_threshold
      - major_compact_trigger
      - compaction_low_thread_score
      - ddl_thread_score
      - max_stale_time_for_weak_consistency
      - compaction_high_thread_score
      - minor_compact_trigger
      - compaction_mid_thread_score
      - ob_enable_batched_multi_statement
      - ob_proxy_readonly_transaction_routing_policy
      - ob_ssl_invited_common_names
      - open_cursors
      - plsql_code_type
      - plsql_debug
      - plsql_optimize_level
      - plsql_warnings
      - sql_work_area
      - tde_method
      - writing_throttling_maximum_duration
      - writing_throttling_trigger_percentage
      - workarea_size_policy
      - plsql_v2_compatibility
      - job_queue_processes
      - ha_high_thread_score
      - ha_mid_thread_score
      - ha_low_thread_score
      - ob_compaction_schedule_interval
      - default_auto_increment_mode
      - ob_query_switch_leader_retry_timeout
      - default_enable_extended_rowid
      - major_freeze_duty_time
      - undo_retention
      - query_response_time_stats
      - query_response_time_flush
      - query_response_time_range_base
      - merger_check_interval
      - freeze_trigger_percentage
      - cpu_quota_concurrency
      - arbitration_timeout
      - compatible
      - log_transport_compress_all
      - log_transport_compress_func
      - rpc_memory_limit_percentage
      - tenant_sql_login_thread_count
      - tenant_sql_net_thread_count
      - dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval
      - enable_user_defined_rewrite_rules
      - log_restore_concurrency
      - log_archive_concurrency
  - System variables
    - Overview
    - System variable summary
    - Global variables
      - auto_increment_cache_size
      - auto_increment_increment
      - auto_increment_offset
      - autocommit
      - binlog_row_image
      - block_encryption_mode
      - character_set_client
      - character_set_connection
      - character_set_database
      - character_set_filesystem
      - character_set_results
      - character_set_server
      - character_set_system
      - collation_connection
      - collation_database
      - collation_server
      - connect_timeout
      - cursor_sharing
      - datadir
      - debug_sync
      - default_password_lifetime
      - div_precision_increment
      - error_on_overlap_time
      - explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
      - foreign_key_checks
      - group_concat_max_len
      - identity
      - init_connect
      - innodb_strict_mode
      - interactive_timeout
      - license
      - lower_case_table_names
      - max_allowed_packet
      - max_connections
      - max_sp_recursion_depth
      - max_user_connections
      - net_buffer_length
      - net_read_timeout
      - net_write_timeout
      - nls_calendar
      - nls_characterset
      - nls_comp
      - nls_currency
      - nls_date_format
      - nls_date_language
      - nls_dual_currency
      - nls_iso_currency
      - nls_length_semantics
      - nls_nchar_characterset
      - nls_nchar_conv_excp
      - nls_numeric_characters
      - nls_sort
      - nls_territory
      - nls_timestamp_format
      - nls_timestamp_tz_format
      - ob_bnl_join_cache_size
      - ob_create_table_strict_mode
      - ob_default_replica_num
      - ob_compatibility_mode
      - ob_enable_blk_nestedloop_join
      - ob_early_lock_release
      - ob_enable_hash_group_by
      - ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown
      - ob_enable_index_direct_select
      - ob_enable_jit
      - ob_enable_plan_cache
      - ob_enable_sql_audit
      - ob_enable_transformation
      - ob_enable_transmission_checksum
      - ob_enable_truncate_flashback
      - ob_global_debug_sync
      - ob_log_level
      - ob_pl_block_timeout
      - ob_plan_cache_evict_high_percentage
      - ob_plan_cache_evict_low_percentage
      - ob_plan_cache_percentage
      - ob_proxy_global_variables_version
      - ob_query_timeout
      - ob_read_consistency
      - ob_reserved_meta_memory_percentage
      - ob_route_policy
      - ob_sql_audit_percentage
      - ob_sql_work_area_percentage
      - ob_tcp_invited_nodes
      - ob_temp_tablespace_size_percentage
      - ob_timestamp_service
      - ob_trx_idle_timeout
      - ob_trx_lock_timeout
      - ob_trx_timeout
      - optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines
      - optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
      - parallel_max_servers
      - parallel_servers_target
      - performance_schema
      - plugin_dir
      - query_cache_size
      - query_cache_type
      - read_only
      - recyclebin
      - resource_manager_plan
      - secure_file_priv
      - sql_auto_is_null
      - sql_mode
      - sql_quote_show_create
      - sql_safe_updates
      - sql_select_limit
      - sql_throttle_current_priority
      - sql_throttle_network
      - sql_throttle_priority
      - sql_throttle_rt
      - sql_warnings
      - system_time_zone
      - time_zone
      - transaction_isolation
      - transaction_read_only
      - tx_isolation
      - tx_read_only
      - version
      - version_comment
      - wait_timeout
      - validate_password_check_user_name
      - validate_password_length
      - validate_password_mixed_case_count
      - validate_password_number_count
      - validate_password_policy
      - validate_password_special_char_count
      - server_uuid
      - default_storage_engine
      - ob_enable_rich_error_msg
      - cte_max_recursion_depth
      - regexp_stack_limit
      - event_scheduler
      - regexp_time_limit
      - log_row_value_options
      - ob_max_read_stale_time
    - Session-level variables
      - is_result_accurate
      - last_insert_id
      - nls_language
      - ob_capability_flag
      - ob_enable_show_trace
      - ob_last_schema_version
      - ob_org_cluster_id
      - ob_proxy_partition_hit
      - ob_proxy_set_trx_executed
      - ob_trace_info
      - timestamp
      - tracefile_identifier
  - System views (MySQL mode)
    - Overview
    - Dictionary views
      - Dictionary views overview
      - information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
      - information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
      - information_schema.COLLATIONS
      - information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
      - information_schema.COLUMNS
      - information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
      - information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
      - information_schema.ENGINES
      - information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
      - information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
      - information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
      - information_schema.PARAMETERS
      - information_schema.PARTITIONS
      - information_schema.PROCESSLIST
      - information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
      - information_schema.ROUTINES
      - information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
      - information_schema.SCHEMATA
      - information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
      - information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
      - information_schema.STATISTICS
      - information_schema.TABLES
      - information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
      - information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
      - information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
      - information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
      - information_schema.VIEWS
      - mysql.db
      - mysql.help_category
      - mysql.help_keyword
      - mysql.help_relation
      - mysql.help_topic
      - mysql.proc
      - mysql.time_zone
      - mysql.time_zone_name
      - mysql.time_zone_transition
      - mysql.time_zone_transition_type
      - mysql.user
      - oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ROOTSERVICE_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUPS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
      - oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
      - oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.CDB_PART_TABLES
      - oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.CDB_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
      - oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
      - oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
      - oceanbase.CDB_TAB_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_TABLES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_COLUMN_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
      - oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
      - information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
      - oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
      - oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
      - information_schema.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS
      - information_schema.ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLUSTER_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
      - oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
      - oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
      - oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
      - oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
    - Performance views
      - Overview
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
      - GV$OB_KVCACHE
      - GV$OB_PARAMETERS
      - GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
      - GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_SERVERS
      - GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
      - GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
      - GV$OB_UNITS
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
      - GV$SESSION_EVENT
      - GV$SESSION_WAIT
      - GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
      - GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
      - GV$SESSTAT
      - GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
      - GV$LATCH
      - GV$OB_MEMORY
      - GV$OB_MEMSTORE
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
      - GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
      - GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
      - GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
      - GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
      - GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
      - GV$OB_PS_STAT
      - GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
      - GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
      - GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
      - GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
      - GV$OB_SSTABLES
      - GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
      - V$OB_KVCACHE
      - V$OB_PARAMETERS
      - V$OB_PROCESSLIST
      - V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
      - V$OB_SERVERS
      - V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
      - V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
      - V$OB_UNITS
      - V$STATNAME
      - V$EVENT_NAME
      - V$SESSION_WAIT
      - V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
      - V$SESSTAT
      - V$SYSTEM_EVENT
      - V$OB_MEMORY
      - V$OB_MEMSTORE
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
      - V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
      - V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
      - V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
      - V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
      - V$SESSION_LONGOPS
      - V$LATCH
      - V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
      - V$OB_PS_STAT
      - V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
      - V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
      - V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
      - V$OB_MERGE_INFO
      - V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
      - V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
      - V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
      - V$OB_SSTABLES
      - V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
      - GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
      - V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
      - GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
      - V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
      - GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
      - V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
      - GV$SYSSTAT
      - V$SYSSTAT
      - V$SESSION_EVENT
      - GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - GV$DML_STATS
      - V$DML_STATS
      - GV$OB_LOG_STAT
      - V$OB_LOG_STAT
      - GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
      - V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
      - V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
      - V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
      - GV$OB_LOG_STAT
      - V$RSRC_PLAN
  - System views (Oracle mode)
    - Overview
    - Dictionary views
      - ALL_ALL_TABLES
      - ALL_ARGUMENTS
      - ALL_COL_COMMENTS
      - ALL_COLL_TYPES
      - ALL_COL_PRIVS
      - ALL_CONSTRAINTS
      - ALL_CONS_COLUMNS
      - ALL_DEF_AUDIT_OPTS
      - ALL_ERRORS
      - ALL_INDEXES
      - ALL_IND_COLUMNS
      - ALL_IND_EXPRESSIONS
      - ALL_IND_PARTITIONS
      - ALL_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
      - ALL_METHOD_PARAMS
      - ALL_OBJECTS
      - ALL_PART_INDEXES
      - ALL_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - ALL_PART_TABLES
      - ALL_PROCEDURES
      - ALL_PROFILES
      - ALL_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
      - ALL_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
      - ALL_SEQUENCES
      - ALL_SOURCE
      - ALL_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
      - ALL_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - ALL_SYNONYMS
      - ALL_TABLES
      - ALL_TAB_COLS
      - ALL_TAB_COLUMNS
      - ALL_TAB_COMMENTS
      - ALL_TAB_PARTITIONS
      - ALL_TAB_PRIVS
      - ALL_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
      - ALL_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
      - ALL_TRIGGERS
      - ALL_TYPES
      - ALL_TYPE_ATTRS
      - ALL_TYPE_METHODS
      - ALL_USERS
      - ALL_VIEWS
      - ALL_DIRECTORIES
      - ALL_DEPENDENCIES
      - ALL_PART_COL_STATISTICS
      - ALL_PART_HISTOGRAMS
      - ALL_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
      - ALL_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
      - ALL_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
      - ALL_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
      - ALL_TAB_STATISTICS
      - AUDIT_ACTIONS
      - DBA_ALL_TABLES
      - DBA_ARGUMENTS
      - DBA_AUDIT_EXISTS
      - DBA_AUDIT_OBJECT
      - DBA_AUDIT_SESSION
      - DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT
      - DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL
      - DBA_COLL_TYPES
      - DBA_COL_COMMENTS
      - DBA_COL_PRIVS
      - DBA_CONSTRAINTS
      - DBA_CONS_COLUMNS
      - DBA_CONTEXT
      - DBA_ERRORS
      - DBA_INDEXES
      - DBA_IND_COLUMNS
      - DBA_IND_EXPRESSIONS
      - DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
      - DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
      - DBA_OB_DATABASES
      - DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
      - DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
      - DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
      - DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
      - DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
      - DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
      - DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - DBA_METHOD_PARAMS
      - DBA_OBJECTS
      - DBA_OBJ_AUDIT_OPTS
      - DBA_PART_INDEXES
      - DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - DBA_PART_TABLES
      - DBA_PROCEDURES
      - DBA_PROFILES
      - DBA_ROLES
      - DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
      - DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
      - DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
      - DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM
      - DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
      - DBA_SEGMENTS
      - DBA_SOURCE
      - DBA_STMT_AUDIT_OPTS
      - DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
      - DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - DBA_SYNONYMS
      - DBA_SYS_PRIVS
      - DBA_TABLES
      - DBA_TABLESPACES
      - DBA_TAB_COLS
      - DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
      - DBA_TAB_COMMENTS
      - DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
      - DBA_TAB_PRIVS
      - DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
      - DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
      - DBA_TRIGGERS
      - DBA_TYPES
      - DBA_TYPE_ATTRS
      - DBA_TYPE_METHODS
      - DBA_USERS
      - DBA_VIEWS
      - DBA_RECYCLEBIN
      - DBA_DEPENDENCIES
      - DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
      - DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
      - DBA_RSRC_PLANS
      - DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
      - DBA_DIRECTORIES
      - DBA_JOBS
      - DBA_JOBS_RUNNING
      - DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
      - DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
      - DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
      - DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
      - DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
      - DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
      - DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
      - NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
      - NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
      - NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
      - STMT_AUDIT_OPTION_MAP
      - TENANT_VIRTUAL_GLOBAL_VARIABLE
      - TENANT_VIRTUAL_SESSION_VARIABLE
      - USER_ALL_TABLES
      - USER_ARGUMENTS
      - USER_AUDIT_OBJECT
      - USER_AUDIT_SESSION
      - USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT
      - USER_AUDIT_TRAIL
      - USER_COLL_TYPES
      - USER_COL_COMMENTS
      - USER_COL_PRIVS
      - USER_CONSTRAINTS
      - USER_CONS_COLUMNS
      - USER_ERRORS
      - USER_INDEXES
      - USER_IND_COLUMNS
      - USER_IND_EXPRESSIONS
      - USER_IND_PARTITIONS
      - USER_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
      - USER_OBJECTS
      - USER_PART_INDEXES
      - USER_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - USER_PART_TABLES
      - USER_PROCEDURES
      - USER_PROFILES
      - USER_ROLE_PRIVS
      - USER_SEGMENTS
      - USER_SEQUENCES
      - USER_SOURCE
      - USER_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
      - USER_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - USER_SYNONYMS
      - USER_SYS_PRIVS
      - USER_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
      - USER_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
      - USER_TRIGGERS
      - USER_TABLES
      - USER_TABLESPACES
      - USER_TAB_COLS
      - USER_TAB_COLUMNS
      - USER_TAB_COMMENTS
      - USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
      - USER_TAB_PRIVS
      - USER_TYPES
      - USER_TYPE_ATTRS
      - USER_TYPE_METHODS
      - USER_VIEWS
      - USER_JOBS
      - USER_RECYCLEBIN
      - USER_DEPENDENCIES
      - USER_PART_COL_STATISTICS
      - USER_PART_HISTOGRAMS
      - USER_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
      - USER_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
      - USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
      - USER_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
      - USER_TAB_STATISTICS
      - ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
      - ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
      - ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
      - DICTIONARY
      - DICT
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
      - DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
      - DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
      - DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
      - DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
      - DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_OUTLINES
      - DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
      - DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
      - ALL_IND_STATISTICS
      - DBA_IND_STATISTICS
      - USER_IND_STATISTICS
      - ALL_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
      - DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
      - USER_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
      - DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
      - DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
      - USER_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
      - USER_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
      - DBA_OB_LS
      - DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
      - DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
      - DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
      - DBA_SEQUENCES
      - DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
      - ALL_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
      - DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
      - DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
      - DBA_OB_TENANTS
      - DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
      - DBA_POLICIES
      - ALL_POLICIES
      - USER_POLICIES
      - DBA_POLICY_GROUPS
      - ALL_POLICY_GROUPS
      - USER_POLICY_GROUPS
      - DBA_POLICY_CONTEXTS
      - ALL_POLICY_CONTEXTS
      - USER_POLICY_CONTEXTS
      - DBA_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
      - ALL_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
      - USER_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
      - DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
      - DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
      - ALL_TRIGGER_ORDERING
      - DBA_TRIGGER_ORDERING
      - USER_TRIGGER_ORDERING
      - DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
      - ALL_DB_LINKS
      - DBA_DB_LINKS
      - USER_DB_LINKS
    - Performance views
      - Overview
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
      - GV$OB_KVCACHE
      - GV$OB_PARAMETERS
      - GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
      - GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
      - GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
      - GV$OB_UNITS
      - GV$DBLINK
      - GV$INSTANCE
      - GV$OB_MEMORY
      - GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
      - GV$OB_MEMSTORE
      - GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
      - GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
      - GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
      - GV$OB_PS_STAT
      - GV$SESSION_WAIT
      - GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
      - GV$SESSTAT
      - GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
      - GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
      - GV$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
      - GV$OB_SSTABLES
      - GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
      - V$GLOBALCONTEXT
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
      - V$OB_KVCACHE
      - V$OB_PARAMETERS
      - V$OB_PROCESSLIST
      - V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
      - V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
      - V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
      - V$OB_UNITS
      - V$DBLINK
      - V$INSTANCE
      - V$OB_MEMORY
      - V$OB_MEMSTORE
      - V$NLS_PARAMETERS
      - V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
      - V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
      - V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
      - V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
      - V$OB_PS_STAT
      - V$SESSION_WAIT
      - V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
      - V$SESSTAT
      - V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
      - V$SYSTEM_EVENT
      - V$VERSION
      - V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
      - V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
      - V$TIMEZONE_NAMES
      - V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
      - V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
      - V$RSRC_PLAN
      - V$OB_SSTABLES
      - V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
      - GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
      - V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
      - GV$SYSSTAT
      - V$SYSSTAT
      - V$EVENT_NAME
      - GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - GV$DML_STATS
      - V$DML_STATS
      - GV$OB_LOG_STAT
      - V$OB_LOG_STAT
      - GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
      - V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
      - V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
      - V$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
      - V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
      - GV$OPEN_CURSOR
      - V$OPEN_CURSOR
      - V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
      - GV$OB_LOG_STAT
  - Common statistics events
  - Error codes (MySQL mode)
    - Overview
    - 0001 - 3999
    - 4000 - 4499
    - 4500 - 4999
    - 5000 - 5999
    - 6000 - 6999
    - 7000 - 7999
    - 8000 - 8999
    - 9000 - 9499
    - 9500 - 9999
    - 22998, 30926, 38104, and 38105
  - Error codes (Oracle mode)
    - Overview
    - ORA-00000 to ORA-00999
    - ORA-01000 to ORA-01499
    - ORA-01500 to ORA-01999
    - ORA-02000 to ORA-04999
    - ORA-05000 to ORA-10000
    - ORA-10000 to ORA-19999
    - ORA-20000 to ORA-29999
    - ORA-30000 to ORA-49999
    - ORA-50000 to ORA-99999
    - PLS-00000 to PLS-00999
  - Reserved keywords (MySQL mode)
  - Reserved keywords (Oracle mode)
- Platforms
  - OMA
  - OMS
  - OCP
  - OCP Express
  - ODC
  - OAT
- Components & tools
  - O&M
    - OBD
    - ob_admin
      - ob_admin overview
      - clog
        log_tool
        Format of clogs
        Transaction logs
      - dumpsst
      - dump_backup
    - ob_error
  - Monitoring and diagnostics
    - DOOBA
  - Data integration
    - OBLOADER & OBDUMPER
    - CDC
      - Overview
      - obcdc
        Install and Deploy obcdc
        Install and deploy obcdc
        obcdc development instructions
        obcdc_tailf
        obcdc Parameters
        General obcdc parameters
        obcdc parameters
        FAQ of obcdc
      - oblogproxy
        Install and Deploy oblogproxy
        Install and deploy oblogproxy by using the installation package
        Build oblogproxy by using the source code
        Configuration file
      - oblogmsg
        Install and deploy oblogmsg
        Description of some oblogmsg APIs
  - Stress testing tools
    - mysqltest
      - mysqltest instructions
      - Test Cases
        Add a test case
        Test case writing conventions
        General test case writing commands
FAQ
- Products
- SQL statements
- Deployment
- Cluster management
- High availability
Release
- Version rules
- Enterprise edition
  - V4.1
    - OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.1.0
  - V3.2
    - OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.4
    - OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.3
    - OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.2
    - OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.1
    - OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.0
  - V3.1
    - OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.1.2
    - OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.1.1
  - V2.2
    - OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.77
    - OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.76
    - OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.30
- Community edition
  - V4.1
    - OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.1.0
  - V4.0
    - OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.0.0
  - V3.1
    - OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.4
    - OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.3
    - OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.2
    - OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.1