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Start on Cloud

A unified distributed database ready for your transactional, analytical, and AI workloads.

DEPLOY YOUR WAY

OceanBase Cloud

The best way to deploy and scale OceanBase

OceanBase Enterprise

Run and manage OceanBase on your infra

TRY OPEN SOURCE

OceanBase Community Edition

The free, open-source distributed database

OceanBase seekdb

Open source AI native search database

Customer Stories

Real-world success stories from enterprises across diverse industries.

View All
BY USE CASES

Mission-Critical Transactions

Global & Multicloud Application

Elastic Scaling for Peak Traffic

Real-time Analytics

Active Geo-redundancy

Database Consolidation

Comprehensive knowledge hub for OceanBase.

Blog

Live Demos

Training & Certification

Documentation

Official technical guides, tutorials, API references, and manuals for all OceanBase products.

View All
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OceanBase Database

SQL - V4.3.3

  • What's New
  • What is OceanBase Database
    • Overview
    • Differences between Enterprise Edition and Community Edition
    • System architecture
    • Compatibility with Oracle
      • Overview
      • SQL data types
      • Built-in functions
      • System views
    • Compatibility with MySQL
    • Limitations
  • Get Started
    • Quick start with OceanBase Database Community Edition
    • Learn OceanBase SQL
      • Before you begin
      • Basic SQL operations (MySQL mode)
      • Basic SQL operations (Oracle mode)
    • Build a sample application (Oracle mode)
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
    • Build a sample application (MySQL mode)
      • Build a Python application
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
      • Build a Go application
    • Try out advanced features of OceanBase Database
      • Scalable OLTP
        • Run the TPC-C benchmark in OceanBase Database
        • Try out the hot row update capability of OceanBase Database
      • Try out operational OLAP
      • Try out parallel import and data compression
      • Try out the multi-tenant feature
    • Video tutorial
  • Develop
    • Develop applications (MySQL mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using the mysql client
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using DBeaver
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Navicat
        • Use database connection pool
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
          • Configuration example of JDBC connections
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Hibernate
          • MyBatis
          • Connector/J
          • TestContainers
        • Python
          • mysqlclient
          • PyMySQL
          • MySQL-connector-python
        • C
          • MySQL Connector/C
        • Go
          • Go-SQL-Driver/MySQL
          • GORM
        • PHP
          • EXT
          • MySQLi
          • PDO
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a database
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
        • Generate test data in batches
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived table
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use the CASE conditional operator in queries
          • Use the SELECT ... FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
          • Use the SELECT ... LOCK IN SHARE MODE statement to lock query results
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
      • Transactions
        • Overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
          • Release a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling specifications for MySQL-compatible applications
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Disconnected from the server, with ERROR 2013 reported
          • Idle transaction timed out, with ERROR 6002 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with ERROR 4012 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Table already exists, with ERROR 1050 reported
          • Table does not exist, with ERROR 1146 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with ERROR 1062 reported
          • ERROR 1215 reported in foreign key addition
          • Data truncated while being inserted, with ERROR 1265 reported
    • Develop applications (Oracle mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Use database connection pool
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis
          • JFinal
        • C/C++
          • OceanBase Connector/C
          • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
          • SqlSugar
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
        • Generate test data in batches
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived tables
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use CASE functions in queries
          • Use the SELECT...FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
      • Transactions
        • Overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling specifications for Oracle-compatible applications
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Idle transaction timed out, with Error OBE-24761 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with Error OBE-00600 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Table already exists, with Error OBE-00955 reported
          • Table does not exist, with Error OBE-04043 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with Error OBE-00001 reported
          • Error OBE-00600 reported in foreign key addition
          • Inconsistent data types, with Error OBE-00932 reported
  • Deploy
    • Overview
    • HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Deployment process
      • Before deployment
        • Prepare servers
        • Configure servers
        • Prepare installation packages
        • Deploy OAT
      • Deploy through GUI
        • Configure deployment environment using OAT
          • Add a server
        • Deploy OCP
          • Overview
          • Upload installation packages
          • Create MetaDB
          • Deploy OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using OCP
          • Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using OCP
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using OCP
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
      • Deploy through CLI
        • Configure deployment environment
          • Initialize an OBServer node by using oatcli
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using CLI
          • Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using the CLI
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using the CLI
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Overview
      • Deploy locally
        • Software and hardware requirements
        • Before deployment
          • (Optional) Check resources
          • (Optional) Set password-free SSH login
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
          • (Optional) Perform disk planning
          • (Optional) Configure limits.conf
          • (Optional) Configure sysctl.conf
          • (Optional) Disable the firewall and SELinux
          • (Optional) Create a user
        • Deploy through GUI
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of obd
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase Database in a production environment using the command line
        • Deploy OceanBase Database by using systemd
      • Deploy an OceanBase cluster in a Kubernetes environment
    • Clear an OceanBase cluster
    • Recommended configurations
  • Migrate
    • Overview
    • Migrate from MySQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use mydumper and myloader to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Flink CDC to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to MySQL databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use OMS to migrate incremental data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
    • Migrate from Oracle databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to Oracle databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
    • Migrate from DB2 databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate table schemas from a DB2 LUW database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to DB2 databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
    • Migrate from TiDB databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a TiDB database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from PostgreSQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a PostgreSQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Import data by using the LOAD DATA statement
    • Import data from SQL files to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data between OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type in active-active disaster recovery scenarios
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between MySQL tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from a MySQL tenant to an Oracle tenant in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between Oracle tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from an Oracle tenant to a MySQL tenant in OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data using SQL statements
      • Migrate data between tables
      • Migrate resource units
      • Export data by using the SELECT INTO OUTFILE statement
    • Direct load
      • Overview
      • Full direct load
      • Incremental direct load
      • Import data in direct load mode by using :obloader
  • Manage
    • Log in to an OceanBase tenant
    • Manage clusters
      • Overview
      • Cluster parameters
      • Common cluster operations
        • View a zone
        • View a node
        • Restart a node
        • Add a node
        • Delete a node
        • Isolate a node
        • Replace a node
        • Add a zone
        • Start a zone
        • Delete a zone
        • Modify a zone
        • Isolate a zone
        • View cluster parameters
        • Modify cluster parameters
        • Reset a cluster parameter
        • Online upgrade from standalone deployment to distributed deployment
        • Upgrade a cluster
          • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
            • Overview
            • Upgrade an arbitration service
            • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
            • Check upgrade results
          • OceanBase Database Community Edition
            • Upgrade OceanBase Database by using obd
      • Troubleshoot common problems
        • Failures of a minority of nodes
        • Failures of the majority of nodes
    • Manage tenants
      • Tenant introduction
      • Tenant capacity
      • Tenant types
      • User tenant introduction
      • Tenant system variables
      • Common tenant operations
        • Create a tenant
        • Resource isolation
          • Overview
          • Manage resource isolation (Oracle mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for frontend and backend tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update a plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
          • Manage resource isolation (MySQL mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update a plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
        • View tenant and resource information
        • View and set the tenant allowlist
        • View system variables of a tenant
        • Modify system variables of a tenant
        • Scale in/out
          • Introduction to scaling in/out
          • Plan resources
          • Modify the unit config for a tenant
          • Modify the number of resource units for a tenant
          • Modify the number of primary zones for a tenant
        • Modify attributes of a resource pool
        • Modify attributes of a tenant
        • Lock and unlock a tenant
        • Clone a tenant
        • Cancel tenant cloning
        • Drop a tenant
        • Restore a tenant
        • Rename a tenant
        • Manage resource pools
          • View resource pool information
          • Allocate a resource pool to a tenant
          • Remove resource pools from a tenant
          • Merge and split resource pools
          • Drop a resource pool
        • Manage unit configs
          • Query unit configs
          • Modify a unit config
          • Drop a unit config
        • Manage services
          • Create a service
          • Query the service status
          • Start a service
          • Stop a service
          • Delete a service
    • Manage replicas
      • Overview
      • Replica distribution
        • Locality
        • Common locality operations
          • View locality
          • Modify locality
          • Add replicas
          • Remove replicas
          • Convert the type of a replica
          • Adjust the distribution of replicas
          • View the locality change history
          • Migrate replicas
          • Modify the number of Paxos replicas of a log stream
          • Cancel a replica task
      • Traffic distribution
      • Data distribution
      • Data load balancing
        • Overview
        • Transfer a partition
        • Cancel a partition transfer task
        • Cancel a load balancing job
    • High availability
      • High availability overview
      • Multi-replica disaster recovery
        • Data link introduction
        • ODP high availability
        • Database-level high availability
        • Disaster recovery architecture and levels
      • Physical standby database disaster recovery
        • Overview
        • Limitations
        • Create a standby tenant
          • Preparations
          • Create an empty standby tenant
          • Create a standby tenant by using the backup and restore (with complete logs) feature
          • Create a standby tenant by using the BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG feature
        • Log transmission service
          • Overview
          • Configure log transmission service
            • Specify a log restore source
            • Specify a log restore endpoint
          • View log restore source information
          • View the log synchronization progress
          • Pause or resume log synchronization
          • Optimize the log synchronization performance
          • Set the log synchronization bandwidth limit
          • Specify log compression
        • Log storage service
        • Switch roles
          • Overview of tenant roles
          • Switchover
          • Failover
        • Drop primary and standby tenants
      • Arbitration high availability
        • Overview
        • Enable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Disable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Modify the log stream downgrade control time
        • Query log stream upgrade/downgrade information
        • Replace the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Remove the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Clear residual cluster information
      • Manage recycle bin
        • Overview
        • Enable or disable the recycle bin
        • View objects in the recycle bin
        • Restore objects from the recycle bin
        • Purge the recycle bin
      • Flashback queries
    • Security and permissions
      • Overview
      • Identification and authentication
        • MySQL mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure processing
        • Oracle mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure processing
      • Access control
        • Overview
        • Users and permissions
          • Overview
          • MySQL mode
            • Privilege types in MySQL mode
            • Create a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Role management
              • Overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant privileges to a role
              • Grant a role to a user or another role
              • Activate a role
              • View roles
              • Revoke privileges from a role
              • Revoke a role from a user or another role
              • Drop a role
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
          • Oracle mode
            • Privilege types in Oracle mode
            • Create a user
            • View the information of a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Manage roles
              • Overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant a role to another role
              • Grant a role to a user
              • Activate or deactivate roles for a user
              • View roles
              • Modify a role
              • Revoke a role
              • Drop a role
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Use a proxy user
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
        • Network security access control
        • Row-level access control
        • RPC connection authentication
      • Data transmission encryption
        • Overview
        • OBServer transmission encryption
        • ODP transmission encryption
      • Transparent data encryption
        • Overview
        • MySQL mode
          • Enable TDE for new tables
          • Enable TDE for existing tables
          • Decrypt a table
        • Oracle mode
          • Enable TDE for new tables
          • Enable TDE for existing tables
          • Decrypt a table
      • Security audit
        • Overview
        • Enable security audit
        • Set and view audit rules
        • View audit records
        • Audit user login operations
        • Audit user operations
        • Audit specified database objects
    • Backup and restore
      • Overview of physical backup and restore
      • Experience physical backup and restore with simplified deployment
      • Deploy NFS
      • Log archive
        • Overview
        • Preparations
        • Enable ARCHIVELOG
        • Suspend archiving
        • Disable ARCHIVELOG
        • View information about pieces
        • View the archiving progress
        • View the archiving history
        • View archiving parameter settings
        • Change the log archive destination
        • Clear the archive path setting
        • Views related to log archiving
      • Data backup
        • Preparations
        • Initiate a full data backup job
        • Initiate an incremental data backup job
        • Stop a backup job
        • View the data backup progress
        • View the data backup history
        • View data backup parameter settings
        • Change the backup destination
        • Views related to data backup
      • Clear backup data
        • Automatic cleanup of expired backups
        • Stop backup cleanup
        • Query the backup cleanup progress
        • Query the backup cleanup history
        • Backup cleanup parameter
        • Views related to backup cleanup
      • Restore data
        • Preparations
        • Perform physical restore
        • Perform restore from the specified paths
        • Cancel physical restore
        • View the physical restore progress
        • View physical restore results
        • Replay logs to a standby tenant
        • Convert a standby tenant into primary tenant
        • Upgrade a tenant after restore
        • Parameters related to physical restore
        • Views related to physical restore
      • Restore by table
        • Preparations
        • Perform table restore
        • Cancel table restore
        • View the table restore progress
        • View the table restore result
        • Parameters related to table restore
        • Views related to table restore
    • Monitor
      • Overview
      • Metrics
        • System monitoring
          • Overview
          • Metrics
          • Wait events
          • Latch events
        • SQL monitoring
          • Overview
          • SQL audit
          • Execution plans
      • Cases
    • Logs
      • Overview
      • Log levels
      • Log stability
      • Log control
      • Log compression and decompression
      • Log metrics
      • Alert logs
      • View logs
        • Search for the logs of a specific SQL request
        • Query the log of a previous SQL request by using the SQL Trace feature
    • Performance tuning
      • Overview
      • Identify bottlenecks on the data link
      • Identify bottlenecks within components
        • ODP performance bottlenecks
        • ODP performance analysis
        • OBServer performance bottlenecks
          • Overview
          • Non-optimal plan
            • Non-optimal plan
            • Buffer tables
            • Cardinality
          • Hard parsing
          • Capacity issues
          • Internal wait events
      • SQL tuning
        • SQL tuning system
        • Execution plan optimization
          • Statistical information and row estimation
            • Overview
            • Statistical information
              • Overview
              • Collect statistical information
                • Overview
                • Manually collect statistics
                • Automatic statistics collection
              • Query statistics
              • Manage statistical information
                • Overview
                • Delete and set statistics
                • Import and export statistics
                • Lock statistics
                • Query historical versions of statistics and roll back to a specified version
                • Configure statistics collection strategies
            • Row estimation
              • Overview
              • Row estimation based on the selectivity
              • Row estimation based on the storage layer
            • Use statistical information and row estimation
          • Plan management
            • Plan cache
            • Disadvantages of the plan cache and countermeasures
            • Views related to the plan cache
          • Index selection
            • Overview
            • Reduce row reads
            • Avoid table access by index primary key
            • Avoid sorting
          • Join order and join algorithm
            • Joins
            • Join algorithm
              • Nested loop joins
              • Hash joins
              • Merge joins
              • Common business issues
            • Join types
            • Join order
          • Order and limit optimization
            • Overview
            • SORT assignment and optimization
            • Optimization in ORDER BY + LIMIT scenarios
        • Business logic optimization
          • SQL specifications
          • Schema specifications
        • Locate and analyze slow queries I
        • Locate and analyze slow queries II
        • Typical scenarios and cases
    • Daily inspection
      • Overview
      • Check cluster parameters
      • Check the host status
      • Check tenant resource usage
      • Check cluster resource usage
      • Check the OBServer node status
      • Check the NTP offset
      • Deadlock detection
      • End-to-end tracing
        • Overview
        • Process
        • Methods
        • Show end-to-end tracing information
        • Quick start: End-to-end diagnosis with obdiag
    • Troubleshooting
      • Overview
      • Bootstrap
      • Storage
        • Minor compaction and major compaction
        • Memory-related errors
        • Migration, replication, and rebuild tasks
      • Election
        • Election
        • Leader switchover exceptions
        • Absence of the leader
      • Transaction
        • Transaction-related errors
        • Transaction rollbacks
        • Long-running transactions
        • Suspended transactions
        • Idle transactions
      • Log synchronization-related errors
      • Physical standby database
        • Log synchronization stuck for the physical standby database
        • Switchover and failover issues
        • Other issues
      • Backup and restore
        • Data backup failures
        • Physical restore failures
      • Arbitration server process startup failures
      • Troubleshoot SQL execution errors
      • Application exception -- error message does not contain OceanBase error code
      • Application exception -- error message contains OceanBase error code
    • Emergency response
      • Emergency response overview
      • Analysis, diagnosis, and decision-making procedure
      • Common emergency problem handling
        • Hardware issues
          • Node failure
          • Network failure
          • ODP failure
          • Other hardware and network issues
        • Capacity issues
          • Exceptions of SQL queries
          • Node disk I/O high
          • Node network card overload
          • Tenant memory full
          • obproxy thread exhaustion
          • Node clog disk full
          • Node data disk full
          • Tenant request queue backlog
        • Other cluster issues
          • sys tenant or RootService exceptions
          • Insufficiency or leakage of system memory
  • OceanBase AP
    • Overview
    • Core features
    • Deployment
      • Overview
      • Recommended parameter configurations for AP scenarios
    • Get started with OceanBase AP
    • Data table design
      • Overview
      • Data distribution
      • Best practices
    • Import data
      • Overview
      • Strategies and best practices
      • ETL acceleration
    • Export data
    • Query acceleration
      • Statistics
      • Materialized views
      • Hints
      • Auto DOP
      • Full direct load
      • Table groups
      • Hybrid row-column storage
    • Performance diagnosis and tuning
      • Use the DBMS_XPLAN package for performance diagnostics
      • Use the GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR view for performance analysis
      • Views related to AP performance analysis
    • Performance test
      • TPC-H benchmark
      • TPC-H benchmark report
      • TPC-DS benchmark
      • TPC-DS benchmark report
    • Ecosystem integration
  • Vector Search
    • Overview
      • Overview
      • Vector search core features
    • Quick start
      • Use SQL for quick vector search
      • Use Python for vector retrieval
    • Generate vector embeddings
    • Store vector embeddings
    • Create a vector index
    • Use SQL functions
    • Tutorial
      • Overview
    • Reference
      • Overview
      • FAQ about vector search
  • OBKV
    • Overview
    • Architecture
    • OBKV-Table
      • Introduction
        • Overview
        • OBKV-Table operation types
        • Differences between replace and insert_or_update
        • Supported value types
        • OBKV-Table data models
      • Use the OBKV-Table Java client
        • Use the OBKV-Table Java client to connect to a cluster
        • Set client parameters
        • Supported client interfaces
        • Use the OBKV-Table Java client
      • Use the OBKV-Table GO client
        • Use the OBKV-Table Go client to connect to a cluster
        • Overview of the Go client
        • Individual API operations
        • Batch operations
        • About queries
        • Aggregation API
        • Filters
      • FAQ
    • OBKV-HBase
      • Overview
      • Core features
      • Compatibility with HBase
      • Deployment
      • Use OBKV-HBase
        • Overview
        • Data model
        • Data model design
        • Connect to a cluster by using the OBKV-HBase client
        • Data operation examples
        • Delete expired data
      • OBKV-HBase management
        • Overview
        • High availability
        • Security and permissions
        • Monitoring metrics
      • Performance test
      • OBKV-HBase integration
        • Synchronize data to OBKV-HBase by using Flink
      • Views
      • FAQ
  • Tutorials
    • Build an image search application with OceanBase Database
    • Build an intelligent Q&A robot with OceanBase Database
    • Build an offline data warehouse and a visual dashboard with OceanBase Database
  • Reference
    • OceanBase concepts
      • Architecture of OceanBase Database
      • Development of OceanBase Database
      • Multi-tenant architecture
        • Overview
        • Compatibility modes
        • Tenants
        • Tenants and resource management
          • Tenant resource management
          • Multi-tenant resource isolation
          • Resource unit balancing
      • Database objects
        • Oracle mode
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Overview
            • Data type
              • Overview
              • Character data types
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • ROWID data types
              • LOB data types
              • Multi-model data types
              • Format model
                • Overview
                • Number format models
                • Datetime format models
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Replicated table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Temporary table
          • Indexes
            • Overview
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
            • External table partitions
          • Views
            • Views in a database
            • Standard views
              • Standard views
              • Overview
              • OceanBase-specific views
              • Oracle-compatible views
              • View operations and data access
            • Materialized views
              • Materialized views
              • Materialized view logs
              • Creation and update strategies for materialized views
          • Other objects
            • Sequences
            • Synonym
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
              • CHECK constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
        • MySQL mode
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Overview
            • Data type
              • Overview
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • Character data types
              • LOB data types
              • Multi-model data types
              • Spatial data types
              • JSON data types
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Replicated table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
          • Indexes
            • Overview
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Spatial indexes
            • Full-text index
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
            • External table partitions
          • Views
            • Views in a database
            • Standard views
              • Overview
              • Overview
              • OceanBase-specific views
              • MySQL-compatible views
              • Oracle-compatible views in MySQL tenants
              • Oracle-compatible views in the sys tenant
              • View operations and data access
            • Materialized views
              • Materialized views
              • Materialized view logs
              • Creation and update strategies for materialized views
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
      • Distributed database objects
        • Overview
        • Architecture
        • Data partitions and replicas
          • Overview
          • Log streams
          • Partition replica type
            • Overview
            • Full-featured replica
            • Read-only replicas
            • Columnstore replica
          • Multi-replica consensus protocols
          • Data balancing
            • Intra-tenant balancing
            • Views and parameters related to data balancing
        • Dynamic scaling
          • Cluster scaling
          • Tenant resource scaling
            • Overview
            • Horizontal scaling of tenant resources
            • Vertical scaling of tenant resources
            • Cross-zone management of tenant resources
      • Data link
        • Overview
        • Database proxy
          • Overview
          • SQL routing
          • Connection management
          • ODP configuration management
          • Logs and monitoring
        • Database connector
          • Overview
          • OBCI
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • OceanBase Connector/C
      • User interface and query language
        • SQL
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • SQL data access
            • SQL standards
          • SQL statements
            • Overview
            • DDL statements
            • DML statements
            • DCL statements
          • Execution process of SQL queries
          • Query SQL execution plans
          • Distributed execution plan
            • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
            • Generate distributed execution plans
            • Run and disable a parallel query
            • Manage distributed execution plans
            • Perform parameter tuning for PX
        • PL
          • PL concepts
            • Oracle mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • Triggers
              • Packages
            • MySQL mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • Triggers
          • PL subprogram execution mechanism
        • Client programming languages
      • Transaction management
        • Transaction
          • Overview
          • Transaction structure
          • Statement-level atomicity
          • GTS
          • Transaction control
            • Overview
            • Active transactions
            • Savepoint
            • Transaction control statements
              • MySQL transaction control
              • Oracle transaction control
          • Redo logs
          • Local transactions
          • Distributed transaction
            • Overview
            • Two-phase commit
          • XA transactions
        • Transaction concurrency and consistency
          • Overview
          • Multi-version read consistency
          • Concurrency control
            • Overview
            • Lock mechanism
          • Transaction isolation level
            • Overview
            • Transaction isolation levels in Oracle mode
            • Transaction isolation levels in MySQL mode
          • Weak-consistency read
      • Storage architecture
        • Overview
        • Data storage
          • Overview
          • MemTables
          • SSTables
          • Columnar storage
          • Compression and encoding
        • Compaction
          • Overview
          • Minor compaction
          • Major compaction
        • Multi-level caches
        • Query processing
        • Data integrity
          • Detect silent data corruption
      • Data reliability and high availability
        • High availability architecture
          • Overview
          • ODP high availability
          • Leader election in distributed systems
          • Multi-replica log synchronization
          • Paxos protocol
          • Automatic handling of node failures
        • Deployment solutions for disaster recovery
        • Data protection
          • Overview
          • Flashback queries
          • Recycle bin
        • Backup and restore
          • Overview
          • Backup directory structures
          • Backup architecture
          • Restore process
        • Arbitration-based high availability solution
        • Physical Standby Database solution
      • Database security
        • Overview
        • Authentication
        • Access control
        • Data transmission encryption
        • Data storage encryption
        • Monitoring and alerting
        • Security audit
      • OBServer node architecture
        • Structure of the OBServer node installation directory
        • Configuration file
        • observer thread model
          • Threads
          • Worker threads
          • Background threads
        • Logs
        • Memory management
          • Overview
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Memory-related views
          • Memory usage logs
          • Diagnose memory errors
    • System management
      • Configuration management
        • Overview
        • Set parameters
        • Set variables
      • Storage management
        • Minor compaction management
          • Overview
          • Automatically trigger a minor compaction
          • Manually initiate a minor compaction
          • View the minor compaction information
          • Modify minor compaction settings
        • Major compaction management
          • Overview
          • Automatically trigger a major compaction
          • Configure scheduled major compactions
          • Adaptive major compactions
          • Manually initiate a major compaction
          • View merge information
          • Manually control a major compaction
          • Modify major compaction settings
        • Data compression
          • Overview
          • Data encoding and compression
      • Memory management
        • Overview
        • Memory structure
        • Set the maximum memory for an OceanBase database
        • Manage internal system memory
        • Manage internal tenant memory
        • Manage the memory of the plan cache
        • Memleak-based regular memory leak diagnostics mechanism
        • Query memory usage information
        • Memory issues
      • Process management
        • Overview
        • Multi-tenant threads of OceanBase Database
        • View the thread status
        • Background threads of OceanBase Database
        • FAQ about multi-tenant threads
      • Disk management
        • Configure automatic scale-out of disk space for data files
    • Database object management
      • Overview
      • MySQL mode
        • Create and manage databases
          • Create a database
          • View databases
          • Modify a database
          • Drop a database
        • Create and manage tables
          • Overview
          • Create a table
          • Column skip index attribute
          • Define an auto-increment column
          • Define column constraints
          • Query tables
          • Modify a table
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • Overview
            • Create an external table
            • Add partitions for an external table
            • Manage external files
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Add a partition
          • Drop a partition
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
          • Exchange partitions
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • Overview
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
          • Manage standard views
          • Manage materialized views
            • Materialized views
              • Overview
              • Create a materialized view
              • Query materialized views
              • Drop a materialized view
              • Refresh a materialized view
              • Rewrite queries based on materialized views
            • Materialized view logs
              • Overview
              • Create a materialized view log
              • Drop a materialized view log
        • Create and manage sequences
          • Create a sequence
          • Query sequences
          • Reference a sequence
          • Modify a sequence
          • Drop a sequence
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • Drop a trigger
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
      • Oracle mode
        • Create and manage tables
          • Overview
          • Create a table
          • Column skip index attribute
          • Define column constraints
          • Query the definition of a table
          • Modify a table
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • Overview
            • Create an external table
            • Add partitions for an external table
            • Manage external files
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Rename a partition
          • Add a partition
          • Drop a partition
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
          • Exchange partitions
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • Overview
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
          • Manage standard views
          • Manage materialized views
            • Materialized views
              • Overview
              • Create a materialized view
              • Query materialized views
              • Drop a materialized view
              • Refresh a materialized view
              • Rewrite queries based on materialized views
            • Materialized view logs
              • Overview
              • Create a materialized view log
              • Drop a materialized view log
        • Manage sequences
        • Manage synonyms
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Create an INSTEAD OF trigger
          • Create a composite trigger
          • Modify and drop a trigger
          • Disable or enable a trigger
          • Query trigger information
        • Manage directory objects
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Use a DBLink to modify the data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
          • Install and configure OCI
    • Database design specifications and practices
      • Object naming conventions
        • Overview
        • Tenant naming conventions
        • User naming conventions
        • Table naming conventions
        • Field naming conventions
        • Other naming conventions
      • Object structure design specifications
        • Field design
        • Table structure design
        • Partitioned table design
        • Index design
        • Other structural designs
      • Character set specifications
      • Database connection specifications
      • Comments
      • ORM conventions
      • Exception handling
    • SQL reference
      • SQL syntax
        • System tenants
          • Overview
          • ALTER SYSTEM
            • ACTIVATE STANDBY
            • ADD REPLICA
            • ADD RESTORE SOURCE
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE
            • ARCHIVELOG
            • NOARCHIVELOG
            • ARBITRATION
            • BOOTSTRAP
            • BACKUP KEY
            • BACKUP
            • BALANCE TASK
            • CANCEL BACKUP
            • CANCEL BALANCE JOB
            • CANCEL CLONE
            • CANCEL DELETE BACKUP
            • CANCEL MIGRATE UNIT
            • CANCEL REPLICA TASK
            • CANCEL RESTORE
            • CANCEL RECOVER TABLE
            • CANCEL TRANSFER PARTITION
            • CLEAR RESTORE SOURCE
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • MIGRATE REPLICA
            • MIGRATE UNIT
            • MODIFY PAXOS_REPLICA_NUM
            • MODIFY REPLICA
            • DELETE BACKUP POLICY
            • FLUSH PLAN CACHE
            • JOB
            • PARAMETER
            • SET LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
            • RECOVER STANDBY
            • RECOVER STANDBY CANCEL
            • REMOVE REPLICA
            • REFRESH
            • RESTORE
            • RESTORE PREVIEW
            • RECOVER TABLE
            • SET DATA_BACKUP_DEST
            • SERVER
            • SWITCHOVER
            • THROTTLE
            • TRANSFER PARTITION
            • WASH MEMORY FRAGMENTATION
            • ZONE
          • ALTER RESOURCE POOL
          • ALTER RESOURCE TENANT
          • ALTER RESOURCE UNIT
          • ALTER TENANT
          • CREATE RESOURCE POOL
          • CREATE RESOURCE UNIT
          • CREATE TENANT
          • CREATE STANDBY TENANT
          • DROP RESOURCE POOL
          • DROP RESOURCE UNIT
          • DROP TENANT
          • SET DECRYPTION
          • SET ENCRYPTION
          • SHOW RESTORE PREVIEW
        • User tenants (MySQL mode)
          • Basic elements
            • Data types
              • Overview
              • Numeric types
                • Overview
                • Integer data types
                • Fixed-point data types
                • Floating-point data types
                • Bit value data type
              • Datetime types
                • Overview
                • DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP types
                • TIME type
                • YEAR type
              • String types
                • Overview
                • CHAR and VARCHAR
                • BINARY and VARBINARY
              • Large objects and text types
                • Overview
                • BLOB types
                • TEXT types
                • LOB types
              • ENUM type
              • SET type
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create a JSON value
                • Query and modify JSON values
                • Convert a JSON data type
                • Update partial JSON data
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview
                • SRS
                • Create a spatial column
                • Create a spatial index
                • Spatial data formats
              • Roaring bitmap data types
                • Overview
                • Create Roaring bitmap columns
              • Array data types
                • Overview of array element types
                • Create array columns
            • Expressions
              • Overview
              • Expression syntax
              • Convert data types in expression evaluation
            • Character set and collation
              • Overview
              • Character sets
              • Collations
              • Database-level character sets and collations
              • Table-level character sets and collations
              • Column-level character sets and collations
              • Character sets and collations for character expressions
              • Character sets and collations for client connection
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Strings
              • Numbers
              • Datetime values
              • Bit values
              • Boolean values
              • NULLs
            • Schema object names
            • User-defined variables
            • Comments
          • Operators
            • Overview
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Bitwise operators
            • Comparison operators
            • Logical operators
            • Assignment operators
            • Date and time operators
            • Concatenation operators
            • BINARY operator
            • CASE conditional operator
          • Sequence pseudocolumns
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Datetime functions
                • ADDDATE
                • CONVERT_TZ
                • CURDATE
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIME
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • CURTIME
                • DATE
                • DATE_ADD
                • DATE_FORMAT
                • DATE_SUB
                • DATEDIFF
                • DAYOFMONTH
                • DAYOFWEEK
                • DAYOFYEAR
                • EXTRACT
                • FROM_DAYS
                • FROM_UNIXTIME
                • GET_FORMAT
                • HOUR
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIME
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MAKEDATE
                • MAKETIME
                • MICROSECOND
                • MINUTE
                • MONTH
                • MONTHNAME
                • NOW
                • PERIOD_ADD
                • PERIOD_DIFF
                • QUARTER
                • SEC_TO_TIME
                • SECOND
                • STR_TO_DATE
                • SUBDATE
                • SUBTIME
                • SYSDATE
                • TIME
                • TIME_FORMAT
                • TIME_TO_SEC
                • TIME_TO_USEC
                • TIMEDIFF
                • TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMPADD
                • TIMESTAMPDIFF
                • TO_DAYS
                • TO_SECONDS
                • UNIX_TIMESTAMP
                • USEC_TO_TIME
                • UTC_DATE
                • UTC_TIME
                • UTC_TIMESTAMP
                • WEEK
                • WEEKDAY
                • WEEKOFYEAR
                • YEARWEEK
                • YEAR
                • ADDTIME
                • DAYNAME
                • DAY
              • String functions
                • ASCII
                • BIN
                • BIT_LENGTH
                • CHAR
                • CHAR_LENGTH
                • CHARACTER_LENGTH
                • CONCAT
                • CONCAT_WS
                • ELT
                • EXPORT_SET
                • FIELD
                • FIND_IN_SET
                • FORMAT
                • HEX
                • INSERT
                • INSTR
                • INT2IP
                • IP2INT
                • LCASE
                • LEFT
                • LENGTH
                • LOCATE
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • MAKE_SET
                • MID
                • OCT
                • OCTET_LENGTH
                • ORD
                • POSITION
                • QUOTE
                • REGEXP
                • REGEXP_INSTR
                • REGEXP_LIKE
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPEAT
                • REPLACE
                • REVERSE
                • RIGHT
                • RLIKE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SPACE
                • STRCMP
                • SUBSTR
                • SUBSTRING
                • SUBSTRING_INDEX
                • TRIM
                • UCASE
                • UNHEX
                • UPPER
                • WEIGHT_STRING
                • TO_BASE64
                • FROM_BASE64
                • SOUNDEX
              • Conversion functions
                • CAST
                • CONVERT
                • DECODE_TRACE_ID
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
              • Mathematical functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BIT_COUNT
                • CEIL
                • CEILING
                • CONV
                • COS
                • COT
                • CRC32
                • DEGREES
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • LOG10
                • LOG2
                • MOD
                • NEG
                • NORMAL
                • PI
                • POW
                • POWER
                • RADIANS
                • RAND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • ROUND
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TRUNCATE
                • UNIFORM
                • ZIPF
              • Comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • INTERVAL
                • ISNULL
                • LEAST
              • Process control functions
                • CASE
                • IF
                • IFNULL
                • NULLIF
                • ORA_DECODE
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • GROUP_CONCAT
              • GROUPING
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
            • Analysis functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • NTH_VALUE
              • NTILE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • RANK
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
            • Encryption functions
              • AES_DECRYPT
              • AES_ENCRYPT
              • COMPRESS
              • DECODE
              • DES_DECRYPT
              • DES_ENCRYPT
              • ENCODE
              • ENCRYPT
              • MD5
              • PASSWORD
              • UNCOMPRESS
              • UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH
              • RANDOM_BYTES
              • SHA
              • SHA1
              • SHA2
              • VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH
              • SM3
              • SM4_ENCRYPT
              • SM4_DECRYPT
            • Information functions
              • BENCHMARK
              • CHARSET
              • COERCIBILITY
              • COLLATION
              • CONNECTION_ID
              • CURRENT_ROLE
              • CURRENT_USER
              • DATABASE
              • FOUND_ROWS
              • LAST_INSERT_ID
              • ICU_VERSION
              • OB_TRANSACTION_ID
              • ROW_COUNT
              • SCHEMA
              • SESSION_USER
              • SYSTEM_USER
              • USER
              • VERSION
              • OB_VERSION
            • JSON functions
              • Overview
              • Functions for creating JSON text
                • JSON_ARRAY
                • JSON_OBJECT
                • JSON_QUOTE
              • Functions for searching JSON text
                • JSON_CONTAINS
                • JSON_CONTAINS_PATH
                • JSON_EXTRACT
                • JSON_KEYS
                • JSON_OVERLAPS
                • JSON_SEARCH
                • JSON_VALUE
                • MEMBER OF
              • Functions for modifying JSON text
                • JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
                • JSON_APPEND
                • JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
                • JSON_INSERT
                • JSON_MERGE
                • JSON_MERGE_PATCH
                • JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE
                • JSON_REMOVE
                • JSON_REPLACE
                • JSON_SET
                • JSON_UNQUOTE
              • Functions for returning JSON text properties
                • JSON_DEPTH
                • JSON_LENGTH
                • JSON_TYPE
                • JSON_VALID
              • `JSON_TABLE`
              • JSON utility functions
                • JSON_PRETTY
                • JSON_STORAGE_SIZE
              • JSON aggregate functions
                • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                • JSON_OBJECTAGG
              • JSON schema validation functions
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALID
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALIDATION_REPORT
            • XML functions
              • Overview
              • Functions for querying XML data
                • EXTRACTVALUE
              • Functions for modifying XML data
                • UPDATEXML
            • Spatial functions
              • Overview
              • Functions that create geometry values
              • Spatial operation functions
              • Spatial relation functions
              • Geometry property functions
              • Geometry format conversion functions
              • Spatial analysis functions
              • Spatial constructor functions
              • Spatial accessor functions
              • Spatial format conversion functions
              • Geometry processing functions
              • _ST_GeoHash
            • Performance schema functions
              • FORMAT_BYTES
              • FORMAT_PICO_TIME
            • Lock functions
              • Lock functions
              • GET_LOCK
              • IS_FREE_LOCK
              • IS_USED_LOCK
              • RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS
              • RELEASE_LOCK
            • Roaring bitmap functions
              • Overview
              • Roaring bitmap constructor functions
              • Roaring bitmap cardinality calculation functions
              • Roaring bitmap operation functions
              • Roaring bitmap judgment functions
              • Roaring bitmap output functions
              • Roaring bitmap aggregate functions
            • Array functions
              • Overview
              • Array constructor functions
              • Array judgment functions
            • Other functions
              • ANY_VALUE
              • BIN_TO_UUID
              • COALESCE
              • DEFAULT
              • NAME_CONST
              • INET_ATON
              • INET_NTOA
              • INET6_ATON
              • INET6_NTOA
              • IS_IPV4
              • IS_IPV4_COMPAT
              • IS_IPV6
              • IS_UUID
              • NVL
              • UUID_TO_BIN
              • SLEEP
              • UUID
              • UUID_SHORT
              • VALUES
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Subqueries
            • Joins
            • Full-text queries
          • SQL statements
            • General syntax
            • CTE
            • ALTER DATABASE
            • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
            • ALTER OUTLINE
            • ALTER SEQUENCE
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • ALTER TABLE
            • ALTER TABLEGROUP
            • ALTER TABLESPACE
            • ALTER USER
            • ALTER VIEW
            • ANALYZE
            • CREATE DATABASE LINK
            • CREATE DATABASE
            • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
            • CREATE INDEX
            • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • CREATE OUTLINE
            • CREATE RESTORE POINT
            • CREATE ROLE
            • CREATE SEQUENCE
            • CREATE TABLE
            • CREATE TABLEGROUP
            • CREATE TABLESPACE
            • CREATE USER
            • CREATE VIEW
            • CHECKSUM TABLE
            • DEALLOCATE PREPARE
            • DROP DATABASE LINK
            • DELETE
            • DESCRIBE
            • DROP DATABASE
            • DROP INDEX
            • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • DROP OUTLINE
            • DROP ROLE
            • DROP TABLE
            • DROP TABLEGROUP
            • DROP TABLESPACE
            • DROP SEQUENCE
            • DROP USER
            • DROP VIEW
            • EXECUTE
            • EXPLAIN
            • FLASHBACK
            • GRANT
            • HELP
            • INSERT
            • KILL
            • LOAD DATA
            • LOCK TABLES
            • OPTIMIZE
            • PREPARE
            • PURGE
            • PURGE RECYCLEBIN
            • RENAME USER
            • RENAME TABLE
            • REPLACE
            • REPAIR TABLE
            • REVOKE
            • SAVEPOINT
            • SCHEMA
            • SELECT INTO
            • SET DEFAULT ROLE
            • SELECT
              • SELECT statement
              • JOIN clause
              • OVER clause
              • UNION clause
            • SET
            • SET CHARSET
            • SET NAMES
            • SET PASSWORD
            • SET ROLE
            • SET TRANSACTION
            • SHOW
            • SUBMIT JOB
            • SHOW JOB STATUS
            • CANCEL JOB
            • TRANSACTION
            • TRUNCATE TABLE
            • UPDATE
            • USE
            • VALUES
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
        • User tenants (Oracle mode)
          • Introduction to SQL
          • Pseudo columns
            • Overview
            • Hierarchical query pseudocolumns
            • Sequence pseudocolumns
            • ORA_ROWSCN pseudocolumn
            • ROWNUM pseudocolumn
            • ROWID pseudocolumn
          • Basic elements
            • Built-in data types
              • Overview
              • Character data types
                • Overview
                • CHAR data type
                • NCHAR data type
                • NVARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR data type
              • Numeric data types
                • Overview
                • NUMBER data type
                • FLOAT data type
                • Floating-point numbers
                • Precedence of numeric data types
              • Datetime and interval data types
                • Overview
                • DATE data type
                • TIMESTAMP data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data type
                • INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type
                • INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type
                • Calculation of dates, timestamps, and intervals
              • RAW data type
              • Large object data types
                • Overview
                • BLOB data type
                • CLOB data type
                • LOB types
              • Rowid data types
              • User-defined data types
              • Any types
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create JSON columns
                • Query JSON data
                • Conversion rules for JSON data types
              • XML data types
                • Overview
                • XML data definition
                • Create an XMLType column
                • Query XMLType data
                • Convert XMLType data
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview
                • Create a spatial column
                • SDO_GEOMETRY attribute access
                • Create a spatial index
            • Data type comparison rules
              • Overview
              • Numeric value comparison rules
              • Date value comparison rules
              • Character value comparison rules
              • Data type precedence
              • Data type conversion rules
              • Security considerations for data conversion
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Text literals
              • Numeric literals
              • Datetime literals
                • Date literals
                • Timestamp literals
              • Interval literals
            • Format model
              • Overview
              • Number format models
              • Datetime format models
              • RR datetime format element
              • String-to-date conversion rules
            • NULL value
              • Overview
              • NULLs in SQL functions
              • NULLs in comparison conditions
              • NULLs in conditional expressions
            • Annotations
              • Overview
              • Comments within SQL statements
              • Comments on schema and non-schema objects
              • Hints
                • Overview
                • Hint list
                  • Hints related to access path
                  • Hints related to join orders
                  • Hints related to joins
                  • Hints related to parallel execution
                  • Hints related to query strategy
                  • Hints related to query conversion
                  • Other hints
            • Database objects
              • Schema objects
              • Non-schema objects
            • Database naming conventions
              • Overview
              • Suggestions on schema object names
            • Database object reference methods
              • Overview
              • Reference schema objects
              • Reference objects in a remote database
                • Create a DBLink
                • Reference a DBLink
              • Reference partitioned tables and indexes
              • Reference an attribute or method of an object type
            • Character sets and collations
          • Operators
            • Overview
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Concatenation operator
            • Hierarchical query operators
            • Set operators
            • COLLATE operator
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Numeric functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BITAND
                • CEIL
                • COS
                • COSH
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • MOD
                • NANVL
                • NORMAL
                • POWER
                • REMAINDER
                • ROUND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SINH
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TANH
                • TRUNC
                • UNIFORM
                • WIDTH_BUCKET
                • ZIPF
              • String functions that return a string
                • CHR
                • CONCAT
                • INITCAP
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • NLS_LOWER
                • NLSSORT
                • NLS_UPPER
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPLACE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SUBSTR
                • TRANSLATE
                • TRANSLATE ... USING
                • TRIM
                • UPPER
              • String functions that return numbers
                • ASCII
                • INSTR
                • LENGTH
                • REGEXP_COUNT
                • REGEXP_INSTR
              • Datetime functions
                • ADD_MONTHS
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • DBTIMEZONE
                • EXTRACT(datetime)
                • FROM_TZ
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MONTHS_BETWEEN
                • NEXT_DAY
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • ROUND(date)
                • SESSIONTIMEZONE
                • SYS_EXTRACT_UTC
                • SYSDATE
                • SYSTIMESTAMP
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • TRUNC(date)
                • TZ_OFFSET
              • Generic comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • LEAST
              • Conversion functions
                • ASCIISTR
                • CAST
                • CHARTOROWID
                • CONVERT
                • HEXTORAW
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • RAWTOHEX
                • ROWIDTOCHAR
                • ROWIDTONCHAR
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
                • TO_BINARY_FLOAT
                • TO_BLOB
                • TO_CHAR(character)
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_CHAR(number)
                • TO_CLOB
                • TO_DATE
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_MULTI_BYTE
                • TO_NUMBER
                • TO_NCHAR(character)
                • TO_NCHAR(datetime)
                • TO_NCHAR(number)
                • TO_SINGLE_BYTE
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • UNISTR
              • Encoding and decoding functions
                • DECODE
                • DUMP
                • ORA_HASH
                • VSIZE
              • Null value related functions
                • COALESCE
                • LNNVL
                • NANVL
                • NULLIF
                • NVL
                • NVL2
              • Environment and identifier functions
                • SYS_CONTEXT
                • SYS_GUID
                • UID
                • USER
                • USERENV
                • OB_VERSION
              • Hierarchical functions
                • SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
              • JSON functions
                • Overview
                • Create JSON text functions
                  • JSON_ARRAY
                  • JSON_OBJECT
                  • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                  • JSON_OBJECTAGG
                • Query JSON text functions
                  • JSON_VALUE
                  • JSON_QUERY
                  • JSON_EXISTS
                  • JSON_TABLE
                • Validate JSON text functions
                  • JSON_EQUAL
                • Modify JSON text functions
                  • JSON_MERGEPATCH
              • XML functions
                • Overview
                • Construct XMLType data functions
                  • XMLAGG
                  • XMLATTRIBUTES
                  • XMLELEMENT
                  • XMLPARSE
                • Query XMLType data functions
                  • EXTRACT
                  • EXTRACTVALUE
                  • XMLSERIALIZE
                  • XMLCAST
                  • XMLTABLE
                  • XMLSEQUENCE
                • Modify XMLType data functions
                  • UPDATEXML
                  • INSERTCHILDXML
                  • DELETEXML
              • Spatial functions
                • Overview
                • Constructor functions
                • Query functions
                • Format conversion functions
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • GROUPING
              • KEEP
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROLLUP
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
              • GROUP_ID
              • GROUPING_ID
            • Analysis functions
              • Overview
              • AVG
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • KEEP
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • NTILE
              • NTH_VALUE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • RATIO_TO_REPORT
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
            • Information functions
              • OB_TRANSACTION_ID
          • Expressions
            • Overview
            • Simple expressions
            • Compound expressions
            • Case expressions
            • Column expressions
            • CURSOR expressions
            • Datetime expressions
            • Function expressions
            • Interval expressions
            • Scalar subquery expressions
            • Type constructor expressions
            • Expression list
          • Conditions
            • Overview
            • Condition precedence
            • Comparison conditions
            • Floating-point conditions
            • Logical conditions
            • Pattern-matching conditions
            • NULL conditions
            • Compound conditions
            • BETWEEN condition
            • EXISTS condition
            • IN condition
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Simple query
            • Hierarchical query
            • Compound query
            • Join query
            • Subquery
            • Lateral derived tables
            • DUAL table query
          • SQL statements
            • DDL
              • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
              • ALTER INDEX
              • ALTER KEYSTORE
              • ALTER OUTLINE
              • ALTER PROFILE
              • ALTER ROLE
              • ALTER SEQUENCE
              • ALTER SESSION
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH PLAN CACHE
              • ALTER SYSTEM PARAMETER
              • ALTER TABLE
              • ALTER TABLEGROUP
              • ALTER USER
              • COMMENT
              • CREATE CONTEXT
              • CREATE DIRECTORY
              • CREATE DATABASE LINK
              • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
              • CREATE INDEX
              • CREATE KEYSTORE
              • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • CREATE OUTLINE
              • CREATE PROFILE
              • CREATE ROLE
              • CREATE SEQUENCE
              • CREATE SYNONYM
              • CREATE TABLE
              • CREATE TABLEGROUP
              • CREATE TABLESPACE
              • CREATE USER
              • CREATE VIEW
              • DROP CONTEXT
              • DROP DATABASE LINK
              • DROP DIRECTORY
              • DROP INDEX
              • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • DROP OUTLINE
              • DROP PROFILE
              • DROP ROLE
              • DROP SEQUENCE
              • DROP SYNONYM
              • DROP TABLE
              • DROP TABLEGROUP
              • DROP TABLESPACE
              • DROP USER
              • DROP VIEW
              • RENAME
              • TRUNCATE TABLE
              • MAJOR and MINOR
            • DML
              • DELETE
              • INSERT
              • MERGE
              • PURGE
              • EXPLAIN
              • SELECT
                • SIMPLE SELECT
                • Set-based SELECT
                • WITH clause
              • UPDATE
            • DCL
              • ANALYZE
              • ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
              • AUDIT
              • COMMIT
              • FLASHBACK TABLE BEFORE DROP
              • GRANT
              • KILL
              • LOAD DATA
              • LOCK TABLE
              • REVOKE
              • ROLLBACK
              • SAVEPOINT
              • SELECT INTO
              • SET NAMES
              • SET PASSWORD
              • SET ROLE
              • SET VARIABLE
              • SHOW
              • SHRINK
              • TRANSACTION
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
      • SQL specifications and practices
        • Limitations on writing SQL statements
        • SQL writing specifications
          • SELECT statements
          • DML statements
          • DDL statements
          • Multi-table join statements
          • Table scan
          • Transactions
          • Cache
          • Hint
          • Others
        • SQL statement examples
          • Implicit data type conversion
          • Join tables
          • Weak consistency read
          • Pagination queries
      • PL reference
        • What is PL
          • Overview
          • Main features of PL
          • PL architecture
        • PL reference (MySQL mode)
          • Syntax of PL stored programs
          • PL stored procedures
            • Overview
            • Variables in stored programs
            • Stored procedures
            • Stored objects and privilege management
            • Stored functions
            • Triggers
            • Limitations on stored programs
          • PL cursors
            • Overview
            • Cursor execution process
            • Limitations on server cursors
          • PL conditional control statements
            • CASE
            • IF
            • ITERATE
            • LEAVE
            • LOOP
            • REPEAT
            • RETURN
            • WHILE
          • PL data manipulation statements
            • CALL
            • DO
          • PL data definition statements
            • ALTER FUNCTION
            • ALTER PROCEDURE
            • CREATE FUNCTION
            • CREATE PROCEDURE
            • CREATE TRIGGER
            • DROP FUNCTION
            • DROP PROCEDURE
            • DROP TRIGGER
          • PL database management statements
            • SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
            • SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
            • SHOW CREATE TRIGGER
            • SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
            • SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
            • SHOW TRIGGERS
          • PL related dictionary views
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA TRIGGERS
          • PL exception handling
            • Overview
            • DECLARE ... CONDITION
            • DECLARE ... HANDLER
            • GET DIAGNOSTICS
            • RESIGNAL
            • SIGNAL
            • Effective scope of an exception handler
            • Diagnostics area
            • Exception handling and OUT/INOUT parameters
            • Limitations on exception handling
          • PL system packages
            • Overview
            • DBMS_MVIEW
              • Overview
              • PURGE_LOG
              • REFRESH
            • DBMS_MVIEW_STAT
              • Overview
              • PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
              • SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
              • SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
            • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
              • Overview
              • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • CREATE_PLAN
              • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • DELETE_PLAN
              • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
              • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DBMS_STATS
              • Overview
              • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
              • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
              • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
              • DROP_STAT_TABLE
              • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
              • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
              • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
              • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
              • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • GET_PARAM
              • GET_PREFS
              • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
              • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
              • PURGE_STATS
              • SET_COLUMN_STATS
              • SET_INDEX_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_STATS
              • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
              • SET_PARAM
              • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_PREFS
              • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • DBMS_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE_MANAGER
              • Overview
              • ADD_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
              • DELETE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
              • UPDATE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
            • DBMS_UDR
              • Overview
              • CREATE_RULE
              • DISABLE_RULE
              • ENABLE_RULE
              • REMOVE_RULE
            • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
              • Overview
              • ASH_REPORT
              • CREATE_SNAPSHOT
              • DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE
              • MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS
            • DBMS_XPLAN
              • Overview
              • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
              • DISPLAY_CURSOR
              • DISPLAY
              • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
              • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
            • DBMS_LIMIT_CALCULATOR
              • Overview
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_UNIT
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_LOGIC_RES
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_STANDBY_TENANT
            • DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
              • Overview
              • AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
          • Reserved and non-reserved PL keywords
        • PL reference (Oracle mode)
          • PL language basics
            • Character sets
            • Lexical units
            • Declaration
            • Reference identifiers
            • Scope and visibility of identifiers
            • Assign values
            • Expressions
            • PL blocks
            • Subprograms
            • Error-reporting functions
          • PL data types
            • Overview
            • SQL data types
            • LOB data types
            • BOOLEAN type
            • User-defined subtypes
            • PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER
            • Arrays
            • PL JSON data types
          • PL process control
            • Overview
            • Conditional control
            • Loop control
            • Sequential control
          • PL collections and records
            • Overview
            • Collections
            • Associative arrays
            • Varrays
            • Nested tables
            • Collection constructor function
            • Collection methods
              • Overview
              • DELETE method
              • TRIM method
              • EXTEND method
              • EXISTS method
              • FIRST and LAST methods
              • COUNT method
              • LIMIT method
              • PRIOR and NEXT methods
            • Records
            • Insert records into a table and update a table by using records
            • Create and call a subprogram with record type parameters
          • PL static SQL
            • Overview
            • Cursors
              • Overview
              • Cursor attributes
              • Implicit cursors
              • Explicit cursors
              • Cursor variables
              • Traverse cursor data by using the FOR loop
              • Modify and drop a cursor
            • Transaction processing and control
            • Autonomous transactions
              • Overview
              • Control autonomous transactions
              • Autonomous triggers
              • Call autonomous functions from SQL statements
          • PL dynamic SQL
            • Overview
            • Execute dynamic SQL statements
            • DBMS_SQL system package
          • PL stored procedures and functions
            • Overview
            • Create a stored procedure
            • Create a function
            • Manage stored procedures and functions
            • Privilege control
            • Pipeline functions
              • Overview
              • Create a pipelined table function
              • Application
            • User-defined functions
              • Overview
              • Interface for user-defined aggregate functions
              • Create user-defined aggregate functions
              • Use user-defined aggregate functions
            • Collection of stored procedure information and its impact on parallel execution of SQL statements
            • PL DBLinks
          • PL triggers
            • Overview
            • Create a DML trigger
            • Modify and drop a trigger
            • Disable or enable a trigger
            • Query trigger information
            • INSTEAD OF DML trigger
            • Compound DML trigger
          • PL packages
            • Overview
            • Create a program package
            • Overloaded programs in a package
            • Manage program packages
            • Definition of the PL environment by the STANDARD package
          • PL exception handling
            • Overview
            • Compile-Time alerts
            • Exception types
            • Exception handling processes
          • DDL operations on stored PL units
            • Overview
            • ALTER FUNCTION
            • ALTER PACKAGE
            • ALTER PROCEDURE
            • ALTER TRIGGER
            • ALTER TYPE
            • CREATE FUNCTION
            • CREATE PACKAGE
            • CREATE PACKAGE BODY
            • CREATE PROCEDURE
            • CREATE TRIGGER
            • CREATE TYPE
            • CREATE TYPE BODY
            • DROP FUNCTION
            • DROP PACKAGE
            • DROP PROCEDURE
            • DROP TRIGGER
            • DROP TYPE
            • DROP TYPE BODY
          • PL label security package
            • Overview
            • SA_SYSDBA policy management package
              • Overview
              • SA_SYSDBA.ALTER_POLICY
              • SA_SYSDBA.CREATE_POLICY
              • SA_SYSDBA.DROP_POLICY
            • SA_COMPONENTS label component package
              • Overview
              • SA_COMPONENTS.ALTER_LEVEL
              • SA_COMPONENTS.CREATE_LEVEL
              • SA_COMPONENTS.DROP_LEVEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN label management package
              • Overview
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.ALTER_LABEL
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.CREATE_LABEL
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.DROP_LABEL
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN policy management package
              • Overview
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.APPLY_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.DISABLE_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.ENABLE_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.REMOVE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_USER_ADMIN user label management package
              • Overview
              • SA_USER_ADMIN.SET_LEVELS
            • SA_SESSION session management package
              • Overview
              • SA_SESSION.LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.RESTORE_DEFAULT_LABELS
              • SA_SESSION.ROW_LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.SET_LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.SET_ROW_LABEL
          • PL system package (Oracle mode)
            • Overview
            • DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO
              • Overview
              • READ_CLIENT_INFO
              • READ_MODULE
              • SET_ACTION
              • SET_CLIENT_INFO
              • SET_MODULE
            • DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT
              • Overview
              • CLEAN_AUDIT_TRAIL
              • CREATE_PURGE_JOB
              • DROP_PURGE_JOB
              • SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP
              • SET_PURGE_JOB_STATUS
            • DBMS_CRYPTO
              • Overview
              • ENCRYPT
              • DECRYPT
              • HASH
            • DBMS_DEBUG
              • Overview
              • ATTACH_SESSION
              • CONTINUE
              • DEBUG_ON
              • DEBUG_OFF
              • DETACH_SESSION
              • DELETE_BREAKPOINT
              • DISABLE_BREAKPOINT
              • ENABLE_BREAKPOINT
              • GET_VALUE
              • GET_VALUES
              • GET_RUNTIME_INFO
              • GET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
              • INITIALIZE
              • PROBE_VERSION
              • PRINT_BACKTRACE
              • SET_TIMEOUT
              • SET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
              • SET_BREAKPOINT
              • SHOW_BREAKPOINTS
            • DBMS_DESCRIBE
              • Overview
              • DESCRIBE_PROCEDURE
            • DBMS_JOB
              • Overview
              • BROKEN
              • CHANGE
              • ZONE
              • INTERVAL
              • NEXT_DATE
              • REMOVE
              • RUN
              • SUBMIT
              • USER_EXPORT
              • WHAT
            • DBMS_LOB
              • Overview
              • APPEND
              • CLOSE
              • COPY
              • CREATETEMPORARY
              • ERASE
              • FREETEMPORARY
              • GETLENGTH
              • ISOPEN
              • INSTR
              • ISTEMPORARY
              • OPEN
              • READ
              • SUBSTR
              • TRIM
              • WRITE
              • WRITEAPPEND
            • DBMS_LOCK
              • Overview
              • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE
              • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE_AUTONOMOUS
              • REQUEST
              • SLEEP
              • RELEASE
            • DBMS_METADATA
              • Overview
              • GET_DDL
            • DBMS_MVIEW
              • Overview
              • PURGE_LOG
              • REFRESH
            • DBMS_MONITOR
              • Overview
              • OB_SESSION_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_SESSION_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_TENANT_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_TENANT_TRACE_DISABLE
            • DBMS_MVIEW_STAT
              • Overview
              • PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
              • SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
              • SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
            • DBMS_OUTPUT
              • Overview
              • DISABLE
              • ENABLE
              • GET_LINE
              • GET_LINES
              • NEW_LINE
              • PUT
              • PUT_LINE
            • DBMS_PLAN_CACHE
              • Overview
              • PURGE
            • DBMS_RANDOM
              • Overview
              • INITIALIZE
              • NORMAL
              • RANDOM
              • SEED
              • STRING
              • TERMINATE
              • VALUE
            • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
              • Overview
              • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • CREATE_PLAN
              • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • DELETE_PLAN
              • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
              • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DBMS_SCHEDULER
              • Overview
              • CREATE_JOB
              • CREATE_JOB_CLASS
              • CREATE_PROGRAM
              • DEFINE_PROGRAM_ARGUMENT
              • DISABLE
              • DISABLE
              • DROP_JOB
              • DROP_JOB_CLASS
              • DROP_PROGRAM
              • ENABLE
              • ENABLE
              • GENERATE_JOB_NAME
              • PURGE_LOG
              • RUN_JOB
              • SET_ATTRIBUTE
              • SET_JOB_ARGUMENT_VALUE
              • STOP_JOB
            • DBMS_SESSION
              • Overview
              • CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT
              • CLEAR_CONTEXT
              • CLEAR_IDENTIFIER
              • RESET_PACKAGE
              • SET_CONTEXT
              • SET_IDENTIFIER
            • DBMS_SQL
              • Overview
              • BIND_VARIABLE
              • CLOSE_CURSOR
              • COLUMN_VALUE
              • DEFINE_COLUMN
              • DEFINE_ARRAY
              • DESCRIBE_COLUMNS
              • EXECUTE
              • EXECUTE_AND_FETCH
              • FETCH_ROWS
              • IS_OPEN
              • LAST_ERROR_POSITION
              • OPEN_CURSOR
              • PARSE
            • DBMS_STATS
              • Overview
              • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
              • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
              • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
              • DROP_STAT_TABLE
              • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
              • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
              • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
              • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
              • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • GET_PARAM
              • GET_PREFS
              • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
              • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
              • PURGE_STATS
              • SET_COLUMN_STATS
              • SET_INDEX_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_STATS
              • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
              • SET_PARAM
              • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_PREFS
              • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • COPY_TABLE_STATS
            • DBMS_UDR
              • Overview
              • CREATE_RULE
              • DISABLE_RULE
              • ENABLE_RULE
              • REMOVE_RULE
            • DBMS_UTILITY
              • Overview
              • ACTIVE_INSTANCES
              • CURRENT_INSTANCE
              • DB_VERSION
              • FORMAT_CALL_STACK
              • FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE
              • FORMAT_ERROR_STACK
              • GET_ENDIANNESS
              • GET_HASH_VALUE
              • GET_PARAMETER_VALUE
              • GET_SQL_HASH
              • GET_TIME
              • IS_BIT_SET
              • IS_CLUSTER_DATABASE
              • NAME_RESOLVE
              • NAME_TOKENIZE
              • OLD_CURRENT_SCHEMA
              • OLD_CURRENT_USER
              • PORT_STRING
              • TABLE_TO_COMMA
            • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
              • Overview
              • ASH_REPORT
            • DBMS_XA
              • Overview
              • DBMS_XA constants
              • DBMS_XA_XID object type
              • DIST_TXN_SYNC
              • XA_COMMIT
              • XA_END
              • XA_FORGET
              • XA_GETLASTOER
              • XA_PREPARE
              • XA_RECOVER
              • XA_ROLLBACK
              • XA_SETTIMEOUT
              • XA_START
            • DBMS_XMLGEN
              • Overview
              • CONVERT
            • DBMS_PROFILER
              • Overview
              • START_PROFILER
              • STOP_PROFILER
              • PAUSE_PROFILER
              • RESUME_PROFILER
              • FLUSH_DATA
              • GET_VERSION
              • INTERNAL_VERSION_CHECK
              • ROLLUP_UNIT
              • ROLLUP_RUN
              • OB_INIT_OBJECTS
              • OB_DROP_OBJECTS
            • DBMS_XPLAN
              • Overview
              • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
              • DISPLAY_CURSOR
              • DISPLAY
              • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
              • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
            • DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
              • Overview
              • AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • ODCIConst
              • Overview
              • ODCIArgDesc.ArgType
              • ODCIEnv.CallProperty
              • ODCIEnv.Envflags
              • ODCIIndexAlter
              • ODCIIndexAlter parameter alter_option
              • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexInfoFlags
              • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexParaDegree
              • ODCIPredInfo.Flags
              • ODCIQueryInfo.Flags
              • ODCIStatsOptions.Flags
              • ODCIStatsOptions.Options
              • Return Status
              • ScnFlg
            • UTL_ENCODE
              • Overview
              • BASE64_DECODE
              • BASE64_ENCODE
            • UTL_FILE
              • Overview
              • FCLOSE
              • FFLUSH
              • FOPEN
              • FGETPOS
              • FREMOVE
              • FRENAME
              • FSEEK
              • NEW_LINE
              • GET_LINE
              • PUT
              • PUT_LINE
            • UTL_I18N
              • Overview
              • RAW_TO_CHAR
              • STRING_TO_RAW
            • UTL_RECOMP
              • Overview
              • RECOMP_PARALLEL
              • RECOMP_SERIAL
              • TRUNCATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
              • POPULATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
              • PARALLEL_SLAVE
            • UTL_RAW
              • Overview
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_COMPLEMENT
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_DOUBLE
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_FLOAT
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_INTEGER
              • CAST_FROM_NUMBER
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_FLOAT
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_INTEGER
              • CAST_TO_NUMBER
              • CAST_TO_RAW
              • CAST_TO_VARCHAR2
              • COMPARE
              • CONCAT
              • COPIES
              • LENGTH
              • REVERSE
              • SUBSTR
            • ANYDATA TYPE
              • Overview
              • BEGINCREATE static procedure
              • ENDCREATE member procedure
              • GET* member functions
              • GETTYPE member function
              • GETTYPENAME member function
              • PIECEWISE member procedure
              • SET* member procedures
            • XMLType
              • Overview
              • CREATEXML
              • GETCLOBVAL
              • GETSTRINGVAL
              • TRANSFORM
              • XMLTYPE
          • Reserved PL keywords
      • Reserved keywords (MySQL mode)
      • Reserved keywords (Oracle mode)
    • System views
      • Overview
      • Outline of system views
      • Changes in views in OceanBase Database V3.x and V4.x
      • SYS tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_CKPT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • CDB_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
          • CDB_MVIEW_LOGS
          • CDB_MVIEWS
          • CDB_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • CDB_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • CDB_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_COLUMN_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • DBA_MVIEWS
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_CLONE_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_CLONE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLUSTER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ROOTSERVICE_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_TRUSTED_ROOT_CERTIFICATE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • gv$tenant
          • gv$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$UNIT
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • v$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • V$UNIT
      • MySQL tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • DBA_MVIEWS
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
      • Oracle tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • ALL_ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_ARGUMENTS
          • ALL_COL_COMMENTS
          • ALL_COL_PRIVS
          • ALL_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_CONS_COLUMNS
          • ALL_CONSTRAINTS
          • ALL_DB_LINKS
          • ALL_DEF_AUDIT_OPTS
          • ALL_DEPENDENCIES
          • ALL_DIRECTORIES
          • ALL_ERRORS
          • ALL_IND_COLUMNS
          • ALL_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • ALL_IND_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_IND_STATISTICS
          • ALL_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_INDEXES
          • ALL_METHOD_PARAMS
          • ALL_MVIEW_LOGS
          • ALL_MVIEWS
          • ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • ALL_OBJECTS
          • ALL_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_PART_INDEXES
          • ALL_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_PART_TABLES
          • ALL_POLICIES
          • ALL_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • ALL_POLICY_GROUPS
          • ALL_PROCEDURES
          • ALL_PROFILES
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • ALL_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • ALL_SEQUENCES
          • ALL_SOURCE
          • ALL_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • ALL_SYNONYMS
          • ALL_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_COLS
          • ALL_TAB_COLUMNS
          • ALL_TAB_COMMENTS
          • ALL_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • ALL_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_TAB_PRIVS
          • ALL_TAB_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • ALL_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • ALL_TRIGGERS
          • ALL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_TYPE_METHODS
          • ALL_TYPES
          • ALL_USERS
          • ALL_VIEWS
          • AUDIT_ACTIONS
          • DBA_ALL_TABLES
          • DBA_ARGUMENTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_EXISTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • DBA_AUDIT_SESSION
          • DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • DBA_COL_COMMENTS
          • DBA_COL_PRIVS
          • DBA_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_CONS_COLUMNS
          • DBA_CONSTRAINTS
          • DBA_CONTEXT
          • DBA_DB_LINKS
          • DBA_DEPENDENCIES
          • DBA_DIRECTORIES
          • DBA_ERRORS
          • DBA_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • DBA_INDEXES
          • DBA_JOBS
          • DBA_JOBS_RUNNING
          • DBA_METHOD_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • DBA_MVIEWS
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • DBA_OB_LS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_OB_SPATIAL_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OBJ_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_OBJECTS
          • DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_PART_TABLES
          • DBA_POLICIES
          • DBA_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • DBA_POLICY_GROUPS
          • DBA_PROCEDURES
          • DBA_PROFILES
          • DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
          • DBA_ROLES
          • DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • DBA_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • DBA_SEGMENTS
          • DBA_SEQUENCES
          • DBA_SOURCE
          • DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • DBA_STMT_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • DBA_SYNONYMS
          • DBA_SYS_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_COLS
          • DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
          • DBA_TAB_COMMENTS
          • DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_TABLES
          • DBA_TABLESPACES
          • DBA_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • DBA_TRIGGERS
          • DBA_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_TYPE_METHODS
          • DBA_TYPES
          • DBA_USERS
          • DBA_VIEWS
          • DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • DBMS_LOCK_ALLOCATED
          • DICT
          • DICTIONARY
          • NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
          • PROXY_USERS
          • ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
          • ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
          • ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
          • STMT_AUDIT_OPTION_MAP
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_GLOBAL_VARIABLE
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_SESSION_VARIABLE
          • USER_ALL_TABLES
          • USER_ARGUMENTS
          • USER_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • USER_AUDIT_SESSION
          • USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • USER_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • USER_COL_COMMENTS
          • USER_COL_PRIVS
          • USER_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_CONS_COLUMNS
          • USER_CONSTRAINTS
          • USER_DB_LINKS
          • USER_DEPENDENCIES
          • USER_ERRORS
          • USER_IND_COLUMNS
          • USER_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • USER_IND_PARTITIONS
          • USER_IND_STATISTICS
          • USER_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_INDEXES
          • USER_JOBS
          • USER_MVIEW_LOGS
          • USER_MVIEWS
          • USER_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • USER_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • USER_OBJECTS
          • USER_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_PART_INDEXES
          • USER_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_PART_TABLES
          • USER_POLICIES
          • USER_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_POLICY_GROUPS
          • USER_PROCEDURES
          • USER_PROFILES
          • USER_RECYCLEBIN
          • USER_ROLE_PRIVS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • USER_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • USER_SEGMENTS
          • USER_SEQUENCES
          • USER_SOURCE
          • USER_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • USER_SYNONYMS
          • USER_SYS_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_COLS
          • USER_TAB_COLUMNS
          • USER_TAB_COMMENTS
          • USER_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • USER_TAB_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • USER_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_TABLES
          • USER_TABLESPACES
          • USER_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • USER_TRIGGERS
          • USER_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_TYPE_METHODS
          • USER_TYPES
          • USER_USERS
          • USER_VIEWS
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DBLINK
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$INSTANCE
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OPEN_CURSOR
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DBLINK
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$GLOBALCONTEXT
          • V$INSTANCE
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$NLS_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OPEN_CURSOR
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$TIMEZONE_NAMES
          • V$VERSION
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_THREAD
      • Common statistical events
      • General wait events
    • Parameters and system variables
      • Overview
      • Parameters
        • Overview
        • Cluster-level parameters
          • alert_log_level
          • all_cluster_list
          • all_server_list
          • auto_broadcast_location_cache_rate_limit
          • auto_leader_switch_interval
          • auto_refresh_location_cache_rate_limit
          • autoinc_cache_refresh_interval
          • backup_backup_dest
          • backup_backup_dest_option
          • backup_concurrency
          • backup_dest
          • backup_dest_option
          • backup_log_archive_option
          • backup_net_limit
          • backup_recovery_window
          • backup_region
          • backup_zone
          • balance_blacklist_failure_threshold
          • balance_blacklist_retry_interval
          • balancer_emergency_percentage
          • balancer_log_interval
          • balancer_task_timeout
          • balancer_timeout_check_interval
          • balancer_tolerance_percentage
          • bf_cache_miss_count_threshold
          • bf_cache_priority
          • builtin_db_data_verify_cycle
          • cache_wash_threshold
          • clog_cache_priority
          • clog_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • clog_disk_utilization_threshold
          • clog_expire_days
          • clog_sync_time_warn_threshold
          • clog_transport_compress_func
          • cluster
          • cluster_id
          • config_additional_dir
          • cpu_count
          • cpu_reserved
          • data_copy_concurrency
          • data_dir
          • data_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • data_disk_write_limit_percentage
          • data_storage_error_tolerance_time
          • data_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • datafile_disk_percentage
          • datafile_maxsize
          • datafile_next
          • datafile_size
          • dead_socket_detection_timeout
          • debug_sync_timeout
          • default_compress
          • default_compress_func
          • default_row_format
          • default_transport_compress_func
          • devname
          • diag_syslog_per_error_limit
          • disk_io_thread_count
          • dtl_buffer_size
          • election_blacklist_interval
          • election_cpu_quota
          • enable_asan_for_memory_context
          • enable_async_syslog
          • enable_auto_leader_switch
          • enable_auto_refresh_location_cache
          • enable_cgroup
          • enable_dblink
          • enable_ddl
          • enable_election_group
          • enable_global_background_resource_isolation
          • enable_global_freeze_trigger
          • enable_log_archive
          • enable_major_freeze
          • enable_manual_merge
          • enable_merge_by_turn
          • enable_ob_esi_process
          • enable_ob_ratelimit
          • enable_one_phase_commit
          • enable_perf_event
          • enable_pg
          • enable_record_trace_id
          • enable_record_trace_log
          • enable_rereplication
          • enable_rich_error_msg
          • enable_rootservice_standalone
          • enable_rpc_authentication_bypass
          • enable_separate_sys_clog
          • enable_smooth_leader_switch
          • enable_sql_audit
          • enable_sql_operator_dump
          • enable_sys_table_ddl
          • enable_sys_unit_standalone
          • enable_syslog_recycle
          • enable_syslog_wf
          • enable_tcp_keepalive
          • enable_upgrade_mode
          • fast_recovery_concurrency
          • flush_log_at_trx_commit
          • fuse_row_cache_priority
          • gc_wait_archive
          • get_leader_candidate_rpc_timeout
          • global_background_cpu_quota
          • global_index_build_single_replica_timeout
          • global_major_freeze_residual_memory
          • global_write_halt_residual_memory
          • high_priority_net_thread_count
          • ignore_replay_checksum_error
          • ignore_replica_checksum_error
          • ilog_index_expire_time
          • index_block_cache_priority
          • index_cache_priority
          • index_clog_cache_priority
          • index_info_block_cache_priority
          • internal_sql_execute_timeout
          • large_query_threshold
          • large_query_worker_percentage
          • leak_mod_to_check
          • lease_time
          • local_ip
          • location_cache_cpu_quota
          • location_cache_expire_time
          • location_cache_priority
          • location_cache_refresh_min_interval
          • location_cache_refresh_rpc_timeout
          • location_cache_refresh_sql_timeout
          • location_fetch_concurrency
          • location_refresh_thread_count
          • log_archive_batch_buffer_limit
          • log_archive_checkpoint_interval
          • log_disk_percentage
          • log_disk_size
          • log_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • ls_meta_table_check_interval
          • max_kept_major_version_number
          • max_px_worker_count
          • max_string_print_length
          • max_syslog_file_count
          • memory_chunk_cache_size
          • memory_limit
          • memory_limit_percentage
          • memory_reserved
          • memstore_limit_percentage
          • merge_stat_sampling_ratio
          • merge_thread_count
          • merger_completion_percentage
          • merger_switch_leader_duration_time
          • merger_warm_up_duration_time
          • micro_block_merge_verify_level
          • migrate_concurrency
          • migration_disable_time
          • min_observer_version
          • minor_deferred_gc_time
          • minor_freeze_times
          • minor_merge_concurrency
          • minor_warm_up_duration_time
          • multiblock_read_gap_size
          • multiblock_read_size
          • mysql_port
          • net_thread_count
          • ob_esi_io_concurrency
          • ob_esi_max_syslog_file_count
          • ob_esi_memory_limit
          • ob_esi_rpc_port
          • ob_esi_session_timeout
          • ob_esi_syslog_level
          • ob_event_history_recycle_interval
          • ob_ratelimit_stat_period
          • ob_startup_mode
          • obconfig_url
          • observer_id
          • ofs_list
          • opt_tab_stat_cache_priority
          • partition_table_check_interval
          • plan_cache_evict_interval
          • plan_cache_high_watermark
          • plan_cache_low_watermark
          • px_task_size
          • px_workers_per_cpu_quota
          • rdma_io_thread_count
          • rebuild_replica_data_lag_threshold
          • recyclebin_object_expire_time
          • replica_safe_remove_time
          • resource_hard_limit
          • resource_soft_limit
          • restore_concurrency
          • rootservice_async_task_queue_size
          • rootservice_async_task_thread_count
          • rootservice_list
          • rootservice_memory_limit
          • rootservice_ready_check_interval
          • row_compaction_update_limit
          • row_purge_thread_count
          • rpc_client_authentication_method
          • rpc_port
          • rpc_server_authentication_method
          • rpc_timeout
          • schema_history_expire_time
          • schema_history_recycle_interval
          • server_balance_cpu_mem_tolerance_percent
          • server_balance_critical_disk_waterlevel
          • server_balance_disk_tolerance_percent
          • server_check_interval
          • server_cpu_quota_max
          • server_cpu_quota_min
          • server_data_copy_in_concurrency
          • server_data_copy_out_concurrency
          • server_permanent_offline_time
          • sql_audit_memory_limit
          • sql_login_thread_count
          • sql_net_thread_count
          • sql_protocol_min_tls_version
          • ssl_client_authentication
          • ssl_external_kms_info
          • stack_size
          • standby_fetch_log_bandwidth_limit
          • storage_meta_cache_priority
          • strict_check_os_params
          • switchover_process_thread_count
          • sys_bkgd_io_high_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_io_low_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_migration_change_member_list_timeout
          • sys_bkgd_migration_retry_num
          • sys_bkgd_net_percentage
          • sys_cpu_limit_trigger
          • syslog_compress_func
          • syslog_disk_size
          • syslog_file_uncompressed_count
          • syslog_io_bandwidth_limit
          • syslog_level
          • system_cpu_quota
          • system_memory
          • system_trace_level
          • tableapi_transport_compress_func
          • tablet_ls_cache_priority
          • tablet_meta_table_check_interval
          • tablet_meta_table_scan_batch_count
          • tablet_size
          • tcp_keepcnt
          • tcp_keepidle
          • tcp_keepintvl
          • tenant_cpu_variation_per_server
          • tenant_groups
          • tenant_task_queue_size
          • token_reserved_percentage
          • trace_log_sampling_interval
          • trace_log_slow_query_watermark
          • trx_2pc_retry_interval
          • trx_force_kill_threshold
          • trx_try_wait_lock_timeout
          • unit_balance_resource_weight
          • use_large_pages
          • user_block_cache_priority
          • user_iort_up_percentage
          • user_row_cache_priority
          • user_tab_col_stat_cache_priority
          • virtual_table_location_cache_expire_time
          • wait_leader_batch_count
          • weak_read_version_refresh_interval
          • workers_per_cpu_quota
          • zone
          • zone_merge_concurrency
          • zone_merge_order
          • zone_merge_timeout
        • Tenant-level parameters
          • arbitration_timeout
          • archive_lag_target
          • audit_sys_operations
          • audit_trail
          • backup_data_file_size
          • balancer_idle_time
          • choose_migration_source_policy
          • clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count
          • clog_persistence_compress_func
          • compaction_dag_cnt_limit
          • compaction_high_thread_score
          • compaction_low_thread_score
          • compaction_mid_thread_score
          • compaction_schedule_tablet_batch_cnt
          • compatible
          • connection_control_failed_connections_threshold
          • connection_control_max_connection_delay
          • connection_control_min_connection_delay
          • cpu_quota_concurrency
          • ddl_thread_score
          • default_auto_increment_mode
          • default_enable_extended_rowid
          • default_progressive_merge_num
          • default_table_store_format
          • dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval
          • enable_clog_persistence_compress
          • enable_early_lock_release
          • enable_kv_ttl
          • enable_monotonic_weak_read
          • enable_rebalance
          • enable_sql_extension
          • enable_transfer
          • enable_user_defined_rewrite_rules
          • external_kms_info
          • freeze_trigger_percentage
          • ha_high_thread_score
          • ha_low_thread_score
          • ha_mid_thread_score
          • io_category_config
          • job_queue_processes
          • kv_ttl_duty_duration
          • kv_ttl_history_recycle_interval
          • lob_enable_block_cache_threshold
          • log_archive_concurrency
          • log_disk_throttling_maximum_duration
          • log_disk_throttling_percentage
          • log_disk_utilization_limit_threshold
          • log_disk_utilization_threshold
          • log_restore_concurrency
          • log_storage_compress_all
          • log_storage_compress_func
          • log_transport_compress_all
          • log_transport_compress_func
          • ls_gc_delay_time
          • major_compact_trigger
          • major_freeze_duty_time
          • max_partition_num
          • max_stale_time_for_weak_consistency
          • merger_check_interval
          • minor_compact_trigger
          • ob_compaction_schedule_interval
          • ob_enable_batched_multi_statement
          • ob_proxy_readonly_transaction_routing_policy
          • ob_query_switch_leader_retry_timeout
          • ob_ssl_invited_common_names
          • open_cursors
          • optimizer_index_cost_adj
          • partition_balance_schedule_interval
          • plsql_code_type
          • plsql_debug
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • plsql_v2_compatibility
          • query_response_time_flush
          • query_response_time_range_base
          • query_response_time_stats
          • range_optimizer_max_mem_size
          • rpc_memory_limit_percentage
          • spill_compression_codec
          • sql_work_area
          • standby_db_fetch_log_rpc_timeout
          • standby_db_preferred_upstream_log_region
          • tde_method
          • tenant_sql_login_thread_count
          • tenant_sql_net_thread_count
          • storage_rowsets_size
          • ttl_thread_score
          • undo_retention
          • workarea_size_policy
          • writing_throttling_maximum_duration
          • writing_throttling_trigger_percentage
      • System variables
        • Overview of system variables
        • Global variables
          • activate_all_roles_on_login
          • auto_increment_cache_size
          • auto_increment_increment
          • auto_increment_offset
          • autocommit
          • automatic_sp_privileges
          • binlog_row_image
          • block_encryption_mode
          • character_set_client
          • character_set_connection
          • cardinality_estimation_model
          • character_set_database
          • character_set_filesystem
          • character_set_results
          • character_set_server
          • character_set_system
          • collation_connection
          • collation_database
          • collation_server
          • connect_timeout
          • cte_max_recursion_depth
          • cursor_sharing
          • datadir
          • debug_sync
          • default_password_lifetime
          • default_storage_engine
          • div_precision_increment
          • error_on_overlap_time
          • event_scheduler
          • explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
          • foreign_key_checks
          • group_concat_max_len
          • identity
          • init_connect
          • innodb_stats_persistent
          • innodb_strict_mode
          • interactive_timeout
          • license
          • lc_time_names
          • log_row_value_options
          • lower_case_table_names
          • max_allowed_packet
          • max_connections
          • max_sp_recursion_depth
          • max_user_connections
          • net_buffer_length
          • net_read_timeout
          • net_write_timeout
          • nls_calendar
          • nls_characterset
          • nls_comp
          • nls_currency
          • nls_date_format
          • nls_date_language
          • nls_dual_currency
          • nls_iso_currency
          • nls_length_semantics
          • nls_nchar_characterset
          • nls_nchar_conv_excp
          • nls_numeric_characters
          • nls_sort
          • nls_territory
          • nls_timestamp_format
          • nls_timestamp_tz_format
          • ob_bnl_join_cache_size
          • ob_compatibility_mode
          • ob_compatibility_control
          • ob_compatibility_version
          • ob_create_table_strict_mode
          • ob_default_lob_inrow_threshold
          • ob_default_replica_num
          • ob_early_lock_release
          • ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown
          • ob_enable_blk_nestedloop_join
          • ob_enable_hash_group_by
          • ob_enable_index_direct_select
          • ob_enable_jit
          • ob_enable_pl_cache
          • ob_enable_plan_cache
          • ob_enable_rich_error_msg
          • ob_enable_sql_audit
          • ob_enable_transformation
          • ob_enable_transmission_checksum
          • ob_enable_truncate_flashback
          • ob_global_debug_sync
          • ob_log_level
          • ob_max_read_stale_time
          • ob_pl_block_timeout
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_high_percentage
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_low_percentage
          • ob_plan_cache_percentage
          • ob_proxy_global_variables_version
          • ob_query_timeout
          • ob_read_consistency
          • ob_reserved_meta_memory_percentage
          • ob_route_policy
          • ob_sql_audit_percentage
          • ob_sql_work_area_percentage
          • ob_tcp_invited_nodes
          • ob_temp_tablespace_size_percentage
          • ob_timestamp_service
          • ob_trx_idle_timeout
          • ob_trx_lock_timeout
          • ob_trx_timeout
          • optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines
          • ob_security_version
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
          • optimizer_features_enable
          • optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
          • parallel_degree_limit
          • parallel_degree_policy
          • parallel_max_servers
          • parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
          • parallel_servers_target
          • performance_schema
          • plugin_dir
          • plsql_ccflags
          • query_cache_size
          • query_cache_type
          • query_rewrite_enabled
          • query_rewrite_integrity
          • read_only
          • recyclebin
          • regexp_stack_limit
          • regexp_time_limit
          • resource_manager_plan
          • runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
          • runtime_filter_max_in_num
          • runtime_filter_type
          • runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
          • secure_file_priv
          • server_uuid
          • sql_auto_is_null
          • sql_mode
          • sql_quote_show_create
          • sql_safe_updates
          • sql_select_limit
          • sql_throttle_current_priority
          • sql_throttle_network
          • sql_throttle_priority
          • sql_throttle_rt
          • sql_warnings
          • system_time_zone
          • time_zone
          • transaction_isolation
          • transaction_read_only
          • tx_isolation
          • tx_read_only
          • validate_password_check_user_name
          • validate_password_length
          • validate_password_mixed_case_count
          • validate_password_number_count
          • validate_password_policy
          • validate_password_special_char_count
          • version
          • version_comment
          • wait_timeout
        • Session-level variables
          • is_result_accurate
          • last_insert_id
          • nls_language
          • ob_capability_flag
          • ob_enable_show_trace
          • ob_last_schema_version
          • ob_max_read_stale_time
          • ob_org_cluster_id
          • ob_proxy_partition_hit
          • ob_proxy_set_trx_executed
          • ob_trace_info
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
          • parallel_degree_limit
          • parallel_degree_policy
          • parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
          • runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
          • runtime_filter_max_in_num
          • runtime_filter_type
          • runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
          • timestamp
          • tracefile_identifier
    • Error codes
      • MySQL mode
        • Overview
        • 0001 to 3999
        • 4000 to 4499
        • 4500 to 4999
        • 5000 to 5999
        • 6000 to 6999
        • 7000 to 7999
        • 8000 to 8999
        • 9000 to 9499
        • 9500 to 9999
        • 10000 to 12000
        • 22998, 30926, 38104, and 38105
      • Oracle mode
        • Overview
        • OBE-00000 to OBE-00999
        • OBE-01000 to OBE-01499
        • OBE-01500 to OBE-01999
        • OBE-02000 to OBE-04999
        • OBE-05000 to OBE-10000
        • OBE-10000 to OBE-19999
        • OBE-20000 to OBE-29999
        • OBE-30000 to OBE-49999
        • OBE-50000 to OBE-99999
        • PLS-00000 to PLS-00999
    • Performance tuning
      • Overview
      • Performance related tools
        • System tools
          • Top
          • CPU tools
          • Memory tools
          • Disk I/O tools
          • Network tools
        • Internal tables
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
        • Logs
          • slow trans
          • dump tenant info
          • Trace logs
        • OCP
      • System tuning
        • OS parameter tuning
        • Database parameter tuning
          • CPU parameters
          • I/O parameters
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Network transmission parameters
        • ODP parameter tuning
          • CPU parameters
          • Network transmission parameters
          • Routing parameters on nodes
      • Performance diagnosis
        • Monitor and diagnose the cluster performance
        • Diagnose tenant performance
        • Monitor ODP performance
        • Monitor host performance
        • WR management
          • Overview
          • Manage WR
          • Monitor historical session performance
          • Clean up WR data
        • ASH report
          • ASH
          • Generate ASH reports
          • Analyze ASH reports
      • Business model tuning
        • Load balancing
        • SQL diagnostics
        • Distributed transactions
      • SQL tuning
        • Execution process of SQL queries
        • SQL execution plans
          • Introduction to SQL execution plans
          • Execution plan operators
            • TABLE SCAN
            • JOIN
            • COUNT
            • GROUP BY
            • WINDOW FUNCTION
            • SUBPLAN FILTER
            • DISTINCT
            • SEQUENCE
            • MATERIAL
            • SORT
            • LIMIT
            • FOR UPDATE
            • SELECT INTO
            • SUBPLAN SCAN
            • UNION
            • INTERSECT
            • EXCEPT/MINUS
            • INSERT
            • DELETE
            • UPDATE
            • MERGE
            • EXCHANGE
            • GI
          • Plan cache
          • Fast parameterization
          • Real-time execution plan display
          • SQL optimization practice with EXPLAIN
        • Distributed execution plans
          • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
          • Generate a distributed plan
          • Schedule distributed execution plans
          • Manage distributed execution plans
          • Parallel execution enabling methods and their priority
          • Auto DOP
          • Execute parallel queries
          • Perform parameter tuning for a parallel query
          • Parallel DML
          • Parallel DDL
        • Parallel execution plans
          • Introduction to parallel execution
          • Classification and optimization of parallel execution
          • Set concurrent execution
            • Concurrency control and queuing
            • Set a DOP for parallel execution
            • Set parallel execution parameters
          • Parallel execution diagnostics
          • Parallel execution tuning tips
          • Quick start
        • SQL tuning
          • Overview
          • General procedure
          • SQL execution performance monitoring
            • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
            • SQL Trace
            • Plan cache views
            • SQL performance analysis example
              • Use SQL Audit to analyze wait events in a query
              • Analyze SQL queries that cause an abrupt RT jitter
              • View and analyze the shape of an execution plan
              • Analyze slow SQL queries
              • Query SQL traffic distribution and QPS
              • Check whether SQL queries are balanced across servers in a cluster
              • Find the TOP N SQL queries
              • Analyze whether an unusually large number of remote execution requests exist in the system or the execution of an SQL statement
              • Find full table scan SQL statements in a tenant
              • Find the TOP N queries with the longest execution time within a certain period
              • Analyze queries related to distributed plans
              • Check whether the RPC execution count of a distributed subplan is balanced across servers in a cluster
          • Optimizer statistics
            • Overview of statistics
            • Statistics collection methods
              • Overview
              • Histograms
              • Manual statistics collection
              • Automatic statistics collection
              • Online statistics collection
              • Dynamic sampling
            • Statistics management
              • Overview
              • Delete statistics
              • Set statistics
              • Import and export statistics
              • Lock and unlock statistics
              • Manage statistics history
              • Manage statistics preferences
            • Monitoring and diagnostics for statistics collection
            • Examples
          • Query rewrite
            • Overview
            • Rule-based query rewrite
            • Cost-based query rewrite
          • Query optimization
            • Access path
              • Overview
              • Rule-based path selection
              • Cost-based path selection
            • Join algorithm
              • Overview
              • Join algorithms
              • Runtime filter
              • Join order
          • Manage execution plans
            • Optimizer hints
            • Plan binding
            • SQL plan management
        • Glossary
        • General issues in SQL tuning
    • Database proxy
      • Connection and routing
      • OceanBase Database Proxy
      • ODP
        • Overview
        • Manage ODP clusters
          • Create an ODP cluster
          • Manage ODP cluster parameters
          • Delete an ODP cluster
          • Upgrade all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Restart all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Manage OceanBase clusters connected to an ODP cluster
          • Monitor ODP cluster performance
        • Manage ODP
          • Add an ODP
          • Start an ODP
          • Refresh ODP configurations
          • Stop an ODP
          • Restart an ODP
          • Delete an ODP
          • Upgrade one or more ODPs
        • ODP startup parameters
      • Physical connections
      • Logical connection
        • Query all sessions
        • Query the details of a session
        • Query the metrics of a session
        • Query session variables
        • Terminate a server session
      • Route management
        • Table-based routing of ODP
        • LDC-based routing
        • ODP routing policy
          • Read/Write splitting
          • Follower-first read
          • Blocklist mechanism
          • Transaction routing
      • View tenant sessions
      • Terminate a tenant session
      • Set the maximum number of connections for a tenant
    • Drivers
      • ECOB
      • OBCI
      • OceanBase Connector/J
      • OceanBase Connector/C
      • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
    • Platforms
      • OMA
      • OMS
      • OCP
      • ODC
      • OCP Express
        • OCP Express
        • View cluster overview information
        • Tenant management
        • Monitor a cluster
        • Diagnostic analysis
        • Log service
      • OAT
    • Components & tools
      • O&M management
        • OBShell
          • Overview
          • Use OBShell
            • obshell management
              • Start or stop obshell
              • Upgrade obshell
            • Cluster management
              • Deploy an OceanBase cluster
              • Take over an OceanBase cluster not deployed by obshell
              • Start an OceanBase cluster
              • Stop an OceanBase cluster
              • Use obshell to scale out an OceanBase cluster
              • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
            • Configure an OBServer node to start automatically on boot
          • Command line
            • Agent commands of obshell
            • Cluster commands of obshell
            • Task commands of obshell
          • API references
            • obshell API requests
            • obshell management
              • AgentUpgradeCheck
              • UpgradeAgent
              • QueryNodeStatus
            • Hybrid encryption for API operations
            • Cluster management
              • AddNodeBeforeClusterInitialization
              • DeleteNodeBeforeClusterInitialization
              • SetClusterConfig
              • SetServerConfig
              • InitializeCluster
              • StartCluster
              • StopCluster
              • ObUpgradeCheck
              • UpgradeOb
              • AddNode
              • GetObInfo
            • Task management
              • OperateDag
              • GetDagDetails
              • GetNodeDetails
              • GetSubtaskDetails
              • QueryUnfinishedTasks
              • QueryUnfinishedAgentTasks
              • QueryUnfinishedObTasks
              • QueryLastObTask
              • QueryLastAgentTask
            • Other APIs
              • UploadPkg
              • GetPublicKey
          • SDK references
            • Python
              • Quick start
              • Add a node before cluster initialization
              • Remove a node before cluster initialization
              • Set cluster-level configurations
              • Set server-level configurations
              • Initialize a cluster
              • Start a cluster
              • Stop a cluster
              • Upload an RPM package
              • Perform an agent upgrade check
              • Perform an OceanBase Database upgrade check
              • Upgrade agents
              • Upgrade OceanBase Database
              • Scale out a cluster
              • Query the status of a node
              • Query the information about a cluster
              • Operate a task
              • Obtain the information about a task
              • Obtain the information about a node
              • Obtain the information about a subtask
              • Query all unfinished tasks
              • Query unfinished agent tasks
              • Query unfinished OceanBase cluster tasks
              • Query the last O&M task in an OceanBase cluster
              • Query the last O&M task of an obshell node
              • Clean up obshell nodes in an uninitialized cluster
              • Create a cluster
            • GO
              • Quick start
              • Add a node before cluster initialization
              • Remove a node before cluster initialization
              • Set cluster-level configurations
              • Set server-level configurations
              • Initialize a cluster
              • Start a cluster
              • Stop a cluster
              • Upload an RPM package
              • Perform an agent upgrade check
              • Perform an OceanBase Database upgrade check
              • Upgrade agents
              • Upgrade OceanBase Database
              • Scale out a cluster
              • Query the status of a node
              • Query the information about a cluster
              • Operate a task
              • Obtain the information about a task
              • Obtain the information about a node
              • Obtain the information about a subtask
              • Query all unfinished tasks
              • Query unfinished agent tasks
              • Query unfinished OceanBase cluster tasks
              • Query the last O&M task in an OceanBase cluster
              • Query the last O&M task of an obshell node
              • Clean up obshell nodes in an uninitialized cluster
              • Create a cluster
        • obd
        • ob_admin
          • Overview
          • clog
            • log_tool
            • Format of clogs
            • Transaction logs
          • Backup and restore
            • dump_backup
            • test_io_device
            • io_adapter_benchmark
          • dumpsst
        • ob-operator
        • ob_error
      • Monitoring and diagnostics
        • obdiag
        • SQL diagnoser
          • Overview
          • Deploy and use SQL diagnoser
            • Install sql_diagnoser
            • Use sql_diagnoser
          • SQL diagnoser remarks
            • Built-in diagnostic items
            • Diagnostic rule expression
            • API operations
            • Diagnostic items of SQL review
      • Log analysis
        • oblogminer
          • Overview
          • Install oblogminer
          • Command-line options
          • Examples
          • FAQ
      • Data integration
        • obloader and obdumper
        • oblogproxy
        • CDC
          • Overview
          • obcdc parameters
            • Sample configuration file
            • General obcdc parameters
            • obcdc parameters
          • obcdc development instructions
          • obcdc_tailf
          • Throttling
          • obcdc allowlist and blocklist
          • Incremental direct load in obcdc
          • FAQ
      • Stress testing tools
        • mysqltest
          • Use obd.sh to run mysqltest
          • Use of cases
            • Add a test case
            • Test case writing conventions
            • General test case writing commands
  • FAQ
    • Products
    • SQL statements
    • Deployment
    • Cluster management
    • High availability
    • FAQ about columnstores
  • Release Notes
    • Version number guidelines
    • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • V4.3
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.3.0
        • OceanBase Database V4.3.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.3.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.3.3
      • V4.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.2.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.2.0
      • V4.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.1.0
      • V3.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.4
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.3
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.0
      • V3.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.1.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.1.1
      • V2.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.77
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.76
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.30
    • OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • V4.3
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.0
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.2
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.3
      • V4.2
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.2.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.2.0
      • V4.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.1.0
      • V4.0
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.0.0
      • V3.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.5
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.4
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.3
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.2
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.1
  • Glossary

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What's New Overview Differences between Enterprise Edition and Community Edition System architecture Overview SQL data types Built-in functions System views Compatibility with MySQL Limitations Quick start with OceanBase Database Community Edition Before you begin Basic SQL operations (MySQL mode) Basic SQL operations (Oracle mode) Build a Java application Build a C application Build a Python application Build a Java application Build a C application Build a Go application Try out operational OLAP Try out parallel import and data compression Try out the multi-tenant feature Video tutorial Overview HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters Deployment process Overview Deploy an OceanBase cluster in a Kubernetes environment Clear an OceanBase cluster Recommended configurations Overview Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database Use mydumper and myloader to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use DataX to migrate table data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use CloudCanal to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use Canal to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use Flink CDC to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use ChunJun to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use OMS to migrate incremental data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use Canal to synchronize data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database Use DBCAT to migrate table schemas from a DB2 LUW database to OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database Use OMS to migrate data from a TiDB database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from a PostgreSQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database Use DataX to migrate CSV files to OceanBase Database Import data by using the LOAD DATA statement Import data from SQL files to OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type in active-active disaster recovery scenarios Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between MySQL tenants in OceanBase Database Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from a MySQL tenant to an Oracle tenant in OceanBase Database Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between Oracle tenants in OceanBase Database Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from an Oracle tenant to a MySQL tenant in OceanBase Database Migrate data between tables Migrate resource units Export data by using the SELECT INTO OUTFILE statement Overview Full direct load Incremental direct load Import data in direct load mode by using :obloader Log in to an OceanBase tenant Overview Cluster parameters Tenant introduction Tenant capacity Tenant types User tenant introduction Tenant system variables Overview Traffic distribution Data distribution High availability overview Flashback queries Overview Overview of physical backup and restore Experience physical backup and restore with simplified deployment Deploy NFS Overview Cases Overview Log levels Log stability
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Monitor historical session performance

Last Updated:2025-11-27 02:38:06  Updated
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What is on this page
Query historical session data
Query session statistical items
Query time model statistical items
Query SQLSTAT data
References

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Workload Repository (WR) periodically collects data from performance views. It persists and displays the collected active session history (ASH) data, statistics, wait events, and SQL execution information.

Query historical session data

  • Query the oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view for persisted ASH data of all tenants.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY limit 1;
    

    The return result is as follows:

    +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+-----------+---------------+----------------------------+---------+--------------+---------------+--------+------------------------------------+----------+----------+-------------+------+------+------+------------------+------------+----------+-------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------+-----------------+------------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------------------+----------------+-----------------------------+--------+--------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+---------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------+---------------------+-----------------------+
    | CLUSTER_ID | TENANT_ID | SNAP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | SAMPLE_ID | SESSION_ID    | SAMPLE_TIME                | USER_ID | SESSION_TYPE | SESSION_STATE | SQL_ID | TRACE_ID                           | EVENT_NO | EVENT_ID | TIME_WAITED | P1   | P2   | P3   | SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID | TIME_MODEL | IN_PARSE | IN_PL_PARSE | IN_PLAN_CACHE | IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE | IN_SQL_EXECUTION | IN_PX_EXECUTION | IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD | IN_COMMITTING | IN_STORAGE_READ | IN_STORAGE_WRITE | IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION | IN_FILTER_ROWS | PROGRAM                     | MODULE | ACTION | CLIENT_ID | BACKTRACE | PLAN_ID | TM_DELTA_TIME | TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME | TM_DELTA_DB_TIME | TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID | IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION | IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION | PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID | PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID | PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME | PLSQL_OBJECT_ID | PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID | PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME |
    +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+-----------+---------------+----------------------------+---------+--------------+---------------+--------+------------------------------------+----------+----------+-------------+------+------+------+------------------+------------+----------+-------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------+-----------------+------------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------------------+----------------+-----------------------------+--------+--------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+---------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------+---------------------+-----------------------+
    |      40001 |         1 |       1 | xx.xx.xx.xx |    28824 |        90 | 1748051689472 | 2024-01-05 14:32:42.111942 |       0 |            1 | ON CPU        |        | Y70980BA1CCFB-00060E2D0029C856-0-0 |        0 |       -1 |           0 |    0 |    0 |    0 |             NULL |          0 | N        | N           | N             | N               | N                | N               | N                | N             | N               | N                | N                       | N              | RPC PROCESS (T1_L0_G0)_ 257 | NULL   | NULL   | NULL      | NULL      |       0 |             0 |                 0 |                0 | NULL             | N                    | N                  |                  NULL |                      NULL | NULL                        |            NULL |                NULL | NULL                  |
    +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+-----------+---------------+----------------------------+---------+--------------+---------------+--------+------------------------------------+----------+----------+-------------+------+------+------+------------------+------------+----------+-------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------+-----------------+------------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------------------+----------------+-----------------------------+--------+--------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+---------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------+---------------------+-----------------------+
    1 row in set (0.097 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    CLUSTER_ID The ID of the cluster.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SNAP_ID The ID of the snapshot.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    SAMPLE_ID The ID of the sample.
    SESSION_ID The ID of the sampled session.
    SAMPLE_TIME The sampling time.
    USER_ID The ID of the user whose session is sampled.
    SESSION_TYPE The type of the session. Valid values:
    • N: FOREGROUND, which indicates a foreground session, namely a user session.
    • Y: BACKGROUND, which indicates a background session.
    SESSION_STATE The status of the session when being sampled. Valid values:
    • EVENT_NO == 0: ON CPU indicates that the SQL logic is being executed without waiting.
    • EVENT_NO ≠ 0: WAITTING indicates that the session is waiting. The wait details are provided in the EVENT column.
    SQL_ID The SQL ID.
    TRACE_ID The trace ID.
    EVENT_NO The internal number of the wait event, which is used for join query with other tables.
    TIME_WAITED The total wait time of the wait event, in microseconds.
    P1 The value of the first parameter of the wait event.
    P2 The value of the second parameter of the wait event.
    P3 The value of the third parameter of the wait event.
    SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID The ID of the SQL operator during sampling. If no operator is used, the value is NULL.
    TIME_MODEL The time model.
    IN_PARSE Indicates whether SQL parsing is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_PL_PARSE Indicates whether SQL PL parsing is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_PLAN_CACHE Indicates whether plan caching is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE Indicates whether SQL tuning is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_SQL_EXECUTION Indicates whether an SQL statement is being executed in the session during sampling.
    IN_PX_EXECUTION Indicates whether parallel SQL execution is being performed in the session during sampling. If the current session is in this state, it must also be in the IN_SQL_EXECUTION state.
    IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD Indicates whether values are being generated for an auto-increment column or a sequence in the session during sampling.
    IN_COMMITTING Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the transaction commit phase.
    IN_STORAGE_READ Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage read phase.
    IN_STORAGE_WRITE Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage write phase.
    IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the phase of remote execution by using data access service (DAS).
    MODULE The MODULE value recorded during session sampling.
    ACTION The ACTION value recorded during session sampling.
    CLIENT_ID The CLIENT_ID value recorded during session sampling.
    BACKTRACE An auxiliary debugging column, which records the code call stack when an event occurs.
    PLAN_ID The plan ID of the sampled SQL statement in the plan cache, which is used to associate the sampling point with the plan.
    TM_DELTA_TIME The interval for calculating the time model, in microseconds.
    TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME The amount of CPU time consumed during the previous interval specified by TM_DELTA_TIME.
    TM_DELTA_DB_TIME The amount of time spent on database calls during the previous interval specified by TM_DELTA_TIME.
    TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID The top-level SQL ID.
    IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION Indicates whether PL compilation is in progress. Valid values: Y and N.
    IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION Indicates whether PL execution is in progress. Valid values: Y and N.
    PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID The ID of the top-level PL object.
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID The ID of the top-level PL subprogram.
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME The name of the top-level PL subprogram.
    PLSQL_OBJECT_ID The ID of the PL object being executed.
    PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID The ID of the PL subprogram being executed.
    PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME The name of the PL subprogram being executed.

    For more information about the oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view, see oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY.

  • Query the oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view for persisted ASH data of the current tenant.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY limit 1;
    

    The return result is as follows:

    +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+-----------+---------------+----------------------------+---------+--------------+---------------+--------+-------------------------+----------+----------+-------------+------+------+------+------------------+------------+----------+-------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------+-----------------+------------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------------------+----------------+---------------+--------+--------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+---------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------+---------------------+-----------------------+
    | CLUSTER_ID | TENANT_ID | SNAP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | SAMPLE_ID | SESSION_ID    | SAMPLE_TIME                | USER_ID | SESSION_TYPE | SESSION_STATE | SQL_ID | TRACE_ID                | EVENT_NO | EVENT_ID | TIME_WAITED | P1   | P2   | P3   | SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID | TIME_MODEL | IN_PARSE | IN_PL_PARSE | IN_PLAN_CACHE | IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE | IN_SQL_EXECUTION | IN_PX_EXECUTION | IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD | IN_COMMITTING | IN_STORAGE_READ | IN_STORAGE_WRITE | IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION | IN_FILTER_ROWS | PROGRAM       | MODULE | ACTION | CLIENT_ID | BACKTRACE | PLAN_ID | TM_DELTA_TIME | TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME | TM_DELTA_DB_TIME | TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID | IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION | IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION | PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID | PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID | PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME | PLSQL_OBJECT_ID | PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID | PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME |
    +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+-----------+---------------+----------------------------+---------+--------------+---------------+--------+-------------------------+----------+----------+-------------+------+------+------+------------------+------------+----------+-------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------+-----------------+------------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------------------+----------------+---------------+--------+--------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+---------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------+---------------------+-----------------------+
    |      40001 |      1002 |       1 | xx.xx.xx.xx |    28824 |       640 | 2830383448064 | 2024-01-05 14:34:28.277178 |       0 |            1 | ON CPU        |        | Y0-0000000000000000-0-0 |        0 |       -1 |           0 |    0 |    0 |    0 |             NULL |          0 | N        | N           | N             | N               | N                | N               | N                | N             | N               | N                | N                       | N              | T1002_ObTimer | NULL   | NULL   | NULL      | NULL      |       0 |           825 |               825 |              825 | NULL             | N                    | N                  |                  NULL |                      NULL | NULL                        |            NULL |                NULL | NULL                  |
    +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+-----------+---------------+----------------------------+---------+--------------+---------------+--------+-------------------------+----------+----------+-------------+------+------+------+------------------+------------+----------+-------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------+-----------------+------------------+---------------+-----------------+------------------+-------------------------+----------------+---------------+--------+--------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------------+-------------------+------------------+------------------+----------------------+--------------------+-----------------------+---------------------------+-----------------------------+-----------------+---------------------+-----------------------+
    1 row in set (0.095 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    CLUSTER_ID The ID of the cluster.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SNAP_ID The ID of the snapshot.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    SAMPLE_ID The ID of the sample.
    SESSION_ID The ID of the sampled session.
    SAMPLE_TIME The sampling time.
    USER_ID The ID of the user whose session is sampled.
    SESSION_TYPE The type of the session. Valid values:
    • N: FOREGROUND, which indicates a foreground session, namely a user session.
    • Y: BACKGROUND, which indicates a background session.
    SESSION_STATE The status of the session when being sampled. Valid values:
    • EVENT_NO == 0: ON CPU indicates that the SQL logic is being executed without waiting.
    • EVENT_NO ≠ 0: WAITTING indicates that the session is waiting. The wait details are provided in the EVENT column.
    SQL_ID The SQL ID.
    TRACE_ID The trace ID.
    EVENT_NO The internal number of the wait event, which is used for join query with other tables.
    TIME_WAITED The total wait time of the wait event, in microseconds.
    P1 The value of the first parameter of the wait event.
    P2 The value of the second parameter of the wait event.
    P3 The value of the third parameter of the wait event.
    SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID The ID of the SQL operator during sampling. If no operator is used, the value is NULL.
    TIME_MODEL The time model.
    IN_PARSE Indicates whether SQL parsing is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_PL_PARSE Indicates whether SQL PL parsing is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_PLAN_CACHE Indicates whether plan caching is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE Indicates whether SQL tuning is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_SQL_EXECUTION Indicates whether an SQL statement is being executed in the session during sampling.
    IN_PX_EXECUTION Indicates whether parallel SQL execution is being performed in the session during sampling. If the current session is in this state, it must also be in the IN_SQL_EXECUTION state.
    IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD Indicates whether values are being generated for an auto-increment column or a sequence in the session during sampling.
    IN_COMMITTING Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the transaction commit phase.
    IN_STORAGE_READ Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage read phase.
    IN_STORAGE_WRITE Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage write phase.
    IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the phase of remote execution by using DAS.
    MODULE The MODULE value recorded during session sampling.
    ACTION The ACTION value recorded during session sampling.
    CLIENT_ID The CLIENT_ID value recorded during session sampling.
    BACKTRACE An auxiliary debugging column, which records the code call stack when an event occurs.
    PLAN_ID The plan ID of the sampled SQL statement in the plan cache, which is used to associate the sampling point with the plan.
    TM_DELTA_TIME The interval for calculating the time model, in microseconds.
    TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME The amount of CPU time consumed during the previous interval specified by TM_DELTA_TIME.
    TM_DELTA_DB_TIME The amount of time spent on database calls during the previous interval specified by TM_DELTA_TIME.
    TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID The top-level SQL ID.
    IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION Indicates whether PL compilation is in progress. Valid values: Y and N.
    IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION Indicates whether PL execution is in progress. Valid values: Y and N.
    PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID The ID of the top-level PL object.
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID The ID of the top-level PL subprogram.
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME The name of the top-level PL subprogram.
    PLSQL_OBJECT_ID The ID of the PL object being executed.
    PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID The ID of the PL subprogram being executed.
    PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME The name of the PL subprogram being executed.

    For more information about the DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view, see oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY and DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY.

  • Query the GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view for ASH data of all tenants.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY limit 1\G
    

    The query result is as follows:

    *************************** 1. row ***************************
                        SVR_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                      SVR_PORT: 2882
                      SAMPLE_ID: 156
                    SAMPLE_TIME: 2024-09-12 14:49:22
                        CON_ID: 1002
                        USER_ID: 200001
                    SESSION_ID: 3221489366
                  SESSION_TYPE: FOREGROUND
                  SESSION_STATE: WAITING
                        SQL_ID: 7436ED675ADD0F8C14411CC455CC7B49
                        PLAN_ID: 2868
                      TRACE_ID: YBXXXXXXXXX-XXXXXXXXXX-0-0
                          EVENT: px loop condition wait
                      EVENT_NO: 56
                      EVENT_ID: NULL
                        P1TEXT: address
                            P1: 139616155807696
                        P2TEXT:
                            P2: 0
                        P3TEXT:
                            P3: 0
                    WAIT_CLASS: CONCURRENCY
                  WAIT_CLASS_ID: 104
                    TIME_WAITED: 1059
              SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID: 3
                      GROUP_ID: NULL
                          TX_ID: NULL
            BLOCKING_SESSION_ID: NULL
                      IN_PARSE: N
                    IN_PL_PARSE: N
                  IN_PLAN_CACHE: N
                IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE: N
              IN_SQL_EXECUTION: N
                IN_PX_EXECUTION: Y
              IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD: N
                  IN_COMMITTING: N
                IN_STORAGE_READ: N
              IN_STORAGE_WRITE: N
        IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION: N
                IN_FILTER_ROWS: N
                        PROGRAM: NULL
                        MODULE: NULL
                        ACTION: NULL
                      CLIENT_ID: NULL
                      BACKTRACE: NULL
                  TM_DELTA_TIME: NULL
              TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME: NULL
              TM_DELTA_DB_TIME: NULL
              TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID: NULL
          IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION: N
            IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION: N
          PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID: NULL
      PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID: NULL
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME: NULL
                PLSQL_OBJECT_ID: NULL
            PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID: NULL
          PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME: NULL
    1 row in set (0.001 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    SVR_IP The IP address of the server to which the sample belongs.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the server to which the sample belongs.
    SAMPLE_ID The unique ID of the sample.
    SAMPLE_TIME The sampling time.
    CON_ID The ID of the tenant.
    USER_ID The ID of the user whose session is sampled.
    SESSION_ID The ID of the sampled session.
    SESSION_TYPE The type of the session. Valid values:
    • FOREGROUND: indicates a foreground session, namely a user session.
    • BACKGROUND: indicates a background session, which is not supported for now.
    SESSION_STATE The session status. Valid values:
    • ON CPU: The SQL logic is being executed without waiting.
    • WAITING: The session is waiting. The wait details are provided in the EVENT column.
    SQL_ID The SQL ID.
    PLAN_ID The plan ID of the sampled SQL statement in the plan cache, which is used to associate the sampling point with the plan.
    TRACE_ID The trace ID of the operator.
    EVENT The description of the wait event.
    EVENT_NO The internal number of the wait event, which is used for join query with other tables.
    EVENT_ID The ID of the current wait event.
    P1TEXT The name of the first parameter of the wait event. The parameter name varies with the event.
    P1 The value of the first parameter of the wait event.
    P2TEXT The name of the second parameter of the wait event. The parameter name varies with the event.
    P2 The value of the second parameter of the wait event.
    P3TEXT The name of the third parameter of the wait event. The parameter name varies with the event.
    P3 The value of the third parameter of the wait event.
    WAIT_CLASS The class of the wait event.
    WAIT_CLASS_ID The ID of the class of the wait event, which is used for join query with other tables.
    TIME_WAITED The total wait time of the wait event, in microseconds.
    SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID The ID of the SQL operator in the SQL plan when the session is being sampled.
    IN_PARSE Indicates whether SQL parsing is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_PL_PARSE Indicates whether SQL PL parsing is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_PLAN_CACHE Indicates whether plan caching is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE Indicates whether SQL parsing and tuning are being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_SQL_EXECUTION Indicates whether an SQL statement is being executed in the session during sampling.
    IN_PX_EXECUTION Indicates whether parallel SQL execution is being performed in the session during sampling. If the session is in this state, it must also be in the IN_SQL_EXECUTION state.
    IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD Indicates whether values are being generated for an auto-increment column or a sequence in the session during sampling.
    IN_COMMITTING Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the transaction commit phase.
    IN_STORAGE_READ Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage read phase.
    IN_STORAGE_WRITE Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage write phase.
    IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the phase of remote execution by using DAS.
    IN_FILTER_ROWS Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage pushdown phase.
    PROGRAM The name of the program being executed at the current sampling point.
    • For a background thread, the value is the name of the thread, such as observer or WrTimer.
    • For a foreground thread:
      • The value is in the format of user@client_ip (thread_name) for a general request.
      • The value is in the format of INNER SQL REMOTE EXEC (thread_name) in remote execution of internal SQL requests.
      • The value is in the format of DAS REMOTE EXEC (thread_name) in remote execution by using DAS.
    MODULE The MODULE value recorded during session sampling.
    ACTION The ACTION value recorded during session sampling. The column value is always NULL.
    CLIENT_ID The CLIENT_ID value recorded during session sampling. The column value is always NULL.
    BACKTRACE An auxiliary debugging column, which records the code call stack when an event occurs. The column value is always NULL.
    TM_DELTA_TIME The interval for calculating the time model, in microseconds.
    TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME The amount of CPU time consumed during the previous interval specified by TM_DELTA_TIME.
    TM_DELTA_DB_TIME The amount of time spent on database calls during the previous interval specified by TM_DELTA_TIME.
    TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID The top-level SQL ID.
    IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION Indicates whether PL compilation is in progress. Valid values: Y and N.
    IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION Indicates whether PL execution is in progress. Valid values: Y and N.
    PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID The ID of the top-level PL object.
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID The ID of the top-level PL subprogram.
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME The name of the top-level PL subprogram.
    PLSQL_OBJECT_ID The ID of the PL object being executed.
    PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID The ID of the PL subprogram being executed.
    PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME The name of the PL subprogram being executed.

    For more information about the GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view, see GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY.

  • Query the V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view for ASH data of the current tenant.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY limit 1\G
    

    The query result is as follows:

    *************************** 1. row ***************************
                        SVR_IP: xx.xx.xx.xx
                      SVR_PORT: 2882
                      SAMPLE_ID: 156
                    SAMPLE_TIME: 2024-09-12 14:49:22
                        CON_ID: 1002
                        USER_ID: 200001
                    SESSION_ID: 3221489366
                  SESSION_TYPE: FOREGROUND
                  SESSION_STATE: WAITING
                        SQL_ID: 7436ED675ADD0F8C14411CC455CC7B49
                        PLAN_ID: 2868
                      TRACE_ID: YBXXXXXXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX-0-0
                          EVENT: px loop condition wait
                      EVENT_NO: 56
                      EVENT_ID: NULL
                        P1TEXT: address
                            P1: 139616155807696
                        P2TEXT:
                            P2: 0
                        P3TEXT:
                            P3: 0
                    WAIT_CLASS: CONCURRENCY
                  WAIT_CLASS_ID: 104
                    TIME_WAITED: 1059
              SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID: 3
                      GROUP_ID: NULL
                          TX_ID: NULL
            BLOCKING_SESSION_ID: NULL
                      IN_PARSE: N
                    IN_PL_PARSE: N
                  IN_PLAN_CACHE: N
                IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE: N
              IN_SQL_EXECUTION: N
                IN_PX_EXECUTION: Y
              IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD: N
                  IN_COMMITTING: N
                IN_STORAGE_READ: N
              IN_STORAGE_WRITE: N
        IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION: N
                IN_FILTER_ROWS: N
                        PROGRAM: NULL
                        MODULE: NULL
                        ACTION: NULL
                      CLIENT_ID: NULL
                      BACKTRACE: NULL
                  TM_DELTA_TIME: NULL
              TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME: NULL
              TM_DELTA_DB_TIME: NULL
              TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID: NULL
          IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION: N
            IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION: N
          PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID: NULL
      PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID: NULL
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME: NULL
                PLSQL_OBJECT_ID: NULL
            PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID: NULL
          PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME: NULL
    1 row in set (0.016 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    SVR_IP The IP address of the server to which the sample belongs.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the server to which the sample belongs.
    SAMPLE_ID The unique ID of the sample.
    SAMPLE_TIME The sampling time.
    CON_ID The ID of the tenant.
    USER_ID The ID of the user whose session is sampled.
    SESSION_ID The ID of the sampled session.
    SESSION_TYPE The type of the session. Valid values:
    • FOREGROUND: indicates a foreground session, namely a user session.
    • BACKGROUND: indicates a background session, which is not supported for now.
    SESSION_STATE The session status. Valid values:
    • ON CPU: The SQL logic is being executed without waiting.
    • WAITING: The session is waiting. The wait details are provided in the EVENT column.
    SQL_ID The SQL ID.
    PLAN_ID The plan ID of the sampled SQL statement in the plan cache, which is used to associate the sampling point with the plan.
    TRACE_ID The trace ID of the operator.
    EVENT The description of the wait event.
    EVENT_NO The internal number of the wait event, which is used for join query with other tables.
    EVENT_ID The ID of the current wait event.
    P1TEXT The name of the first parameter of the wait event. The parameter name varies with the event.
    P1 The value of the first parameter of the wait event.
    P2TEXT The name of the second parameter of the wait event. The parameter name varies with the event.
    P2 The value of the second parameter of the wait event.
    P3TEXT The name of the third parameter of the wait event. The parameter name varies with the event.
    P3 The value of the third parameter of the wait event.
    WAIT_CLASS The class of the wait event.
    WAIT_CLASS_ID The ID of the class of the wait event, which is used for join query with other tables.
    TIME_WAITED The total wait time of the wait event, in microseconds.
    SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID The ID of the SQL operator in the SQL plan when the session is being sampled.
    IN_PARSE Indicates whether SQL parsing is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_PL_PARSE Indicates whether SQL PL parsing is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_PLAN_CACHE Indicates whether plan caching is being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_SQL_OPTIMIZE Indicates whether SQL parsing and tuning are being performed in the session during sampling.
    IN_SQL_EXECUTION Indicates whether an SQL statement is being executed in the session during sampling.
    IN_PX_EXECUTION Indicates whether parallel SQL execution is being performed in the session during sampling. If the session is in this state, it must also be in the IN_SQL_EXECUTION state.
    IN_SEQUENCE_LOAD Indicates whether values are being generated for an auto-increment column or a sequence in the session during sampling.
    IN_COMMITTING Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the transaction commit phase.
    IN_STORAGE_READ Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage read phase.
    IN_STORAGE_WRITE Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage write phase.
    IN_REMOTE_DAS_EXECUTION Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the phase of remote execution by using DAS.
    IN_FILTER_ROWS Indicates whether the current sampling point is in the storage pushdown phase.
    PROGRAM The name of the program being executed at the current sampling point.
    • For a background thread, the value is the name of the thread, such as observer or WrTimer.
    • For a foreground thread:
      • The value is in the format of user@client_ip (thread_name) for a general request.
      • The value is in the format of INNER SQL REMOTE EXEC (thread_name) in remote execution of internal SQL requests.
      • The value is in the format of DAS REMOTE EXEC (thread_name) in remote execution by using DAS.
    MODULE The MODULE value recorded during session sampling.
    ACTION The ACTION value recorded during session sampling. The column value is always NULL.
    CLIENT_ID The CLIENT_ID value recorded during session sampling. The column value is always NULL.
    BACKTRACE An auxiliary debugging column, which records the code call stack when an event occurs. The column value is always NULL.
    TM_DELTA_TIME The interval for calculating the time model, in microseconds.
    TM_DELTA_CPU_TIME The amount of CPU time consumed during the previous interval specified by TM_DELTA_TIME.
    TM_DELTA_DB_TIME The amount of time spent on database calls during the previous interval specified by TM_DELTA_TIME.
    TOP_LEVEL_SQL_ID The top-level SQL ID.
    IN_PLSQL_COMPILATION Indicates whether PL compilation is in progress. Valid values: Y and N.
    IN_PLSQL_EXECUTION Indicates whether PL execution is in progress. Valid values: Y and N.
    PLSQL_ENTRY_OBJECT_ID The ID of the top-level PL object.
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_ID The ID of the top-level PL subprogram.
    PLSQL_ENTRY_SUBPROGRAM_NAME The name of the top-level PL subprogram.
    PLSQL_OBJECT_ID The ID of the PL object being executed.
    PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_ID The ID of the PL subprogram being executed.
    PLSQL_SUBPROGRAM_NAME The name of the PL subprogram being executed.

    For more information about the V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY view, see V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY.

Query session statistical items

  • Query the oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME view for names of system statistical items of all tenants.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME limit 1;
    

    The return result is as follows:

      +------------+-----------+---------+---------------+
      | CLUSTER_ID | TENANT_ID | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME     |
      +------------+-----------+---------+---------------+
      |       4000 |         1 |   10000 | rpc packet in |
      +------------+-----------+---------+---------------+
      1 row in set (0.001 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    CLUSTER_ID The ID of the cluster.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistical item.
    STAT_NAME The name of the statistical item.

    For more information about the oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME view, see oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME.

  • Query the oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME view for names of system statistical items of the current tenant.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME limit 1;
    

    The return result is as follows:

      +------------+-----------+---------+---------------+
      | CLUSTER_ID | TENANT_ID | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME     |
      +------------+-----------+---------+---------------+
      |       4000 |         1 |   10000 | rpc packet in |
      +------------+-----------+---------+---------------+
      1 row in set (0.004 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    CLUSTER_ID The ID of the cluster.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistical item.
    STAT_NAME The name of the statistical item.

    For more information about the DBA_WR_STATNAME view, see oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME and DBA_WR_STATNAME.

  • Query the oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT view for details about system statistical items of all tenants.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT limit 1;
    

    The return result is as follows:

      +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+--------+
      | CLUSTER_ID | TENANT_ID | SNAP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | VALUE  |
      +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+--------+
      |       4000 |         1 |     114 | xx.xx.xx.xx |     2882 |   10000 | 228856 |
      +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+--------+
      1 row in set (0.036 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    CLUSTER_ID The ID of the cluster.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SNAP_ID The ID of the snapshot.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistical item.
    VALUE The value of the statistical item.

    For more information about the oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT view, see oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT.

  • Query the oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT view for details about system statistical items of the current tenant.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT limit 1;
    

    The return result is as follows:

      +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+--------+
      | CLUSTER_ID | TENANT_ID | SNAP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | VALUE  |
      +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+--------+
      |       4000 |         1 |     114 | xx.xx.xx.xx |     2882 |   10000 | 228856 |
      +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+--------+
      1 row in set (0.026 sec)
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    CLUSTER_ID The ID of the cluster.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SNAP_ID The ID of the snapshot.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistical item.
    VALUE The value of the statistical item.

    For more information about the DBA_WR_SYSSTAT view, see oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT and DBA_WR_SYSSTAT.

Query time model statistical items

  • Query the GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL view for details about time model statistical items at the session level in the cluster.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL LIMIT 10;
    

    The return result is as follows:

    +---------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------+--------------------+-------+
    | SID           | TENANT_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME          | VALUE |
    +---------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------+--------------------+-------+
    | 3298534883328 |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
    | 3298534883328 |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
    | 3848290697216 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
    | 3848290697216 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
    |    3221659555 |         1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     3 |
    |    3221659555 |         1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
    | 4398046511104 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
    | 4398046511104 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
    | 4947802324992 |      1004 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
    | 4947802324992 |      1004 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
    +---------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------+--------------------+-------+
    10 rows in set
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    SID The ID of the session.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistical item.
    STAT_NAME The name of the statistical item.
    VALUE The value of the statistical item.

    For more information about the GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL view, see GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL.

  • Query the V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL view for details about time model statistical items at the session level on the current node.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL LIMIT 10;
    

    The query result is as follows:

    +---------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------+--------------------+-------+
    | SID           | TENANT_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME          | VALUE |
    +---------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------+--------------------+-------+
    | 3298534883328 |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
    | 3298534883328 |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
    | 3848290697216 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
    | 3848290697216 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
    | 4398046511104 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
    | 4398046511104 |      1001 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
    |    3221667747 |         1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
    |    3221667747 |         1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
    | 4947802324992 |      1004 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time |     0 |
    | 4947802324992 |      1004 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time     |     0 |
    +---------------+-----------+----------------+----------+---------+--------------------+-------+
    10 rows in set
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    SID The ID of the session.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistical item.
    STAT_NAME The name of the statistical item.
    VALUE The value of the statistical item.

    For more information about the V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL view, see V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL.

  • Query the GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL view for details about time model statistical items at the tenant level in the cluster.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL;
    

    The query result is as follows:

    +-----------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+------------+
    | TENANT_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME               | VALUE      |
    +-----------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+------------+
    |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200001 | DB time                 |    6135115 |
    |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200002 | DB CPU                  |    5500079 |
    |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200005 | background elapsed time | 3398189713 |
    |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200006 | background cpu time     | 3088552955 |
    |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time      |     635036 |
    |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time          |      80414 |
    +-----------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+------------+
    6 rows in set
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistical item.
    STAT_NAME The name of the statistical item.
    VALUE The value of the statistical item.

    For more information about the GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL view, see GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL.

  • Query the V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL view for details about time model statistical items at the tenant level on the current node.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL;
    

    The query result is as follows:

    +-----------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+------------+
    | TENANT_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME               | VALUE      |
    +-----------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+------------+
    |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200001 | DB time                 |    6227784 |
    |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200002 | DB CPU                  |    5586418 |
    |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200005 | background elapsed time | 3399416601 |
    |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200006 | background cpu time     | 3089779843 |
    |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time      |     641366 |
    |      1002 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time          |      80414 |
    +-----------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+------------+
    6 rows in set
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistical item.
    STAT_NAME The name of the statistical item.
    VALUE The value of the statistical item.

    For more information about the V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL view, see V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL.

  • Query the oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL view for the WR data of time model statistical items of all tenants.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL LIMIT 10;
    

    The query result is as follows:

    +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+
    | CLUSTER_ID | TENANT_ID | SNAP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME               | VALUE     |
    +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+
    |      10001 |      1002 |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200001 | DB time                 |     34505 |
    |      10001 |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200001 | DB time                 |     34505 |
    |      10001 |      1002 |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200002 | DB CPU                  |      1966 |
    |      10001 |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200002 | DB CPU                  |      1966 |
    |      10001 |      1002 |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200005 | background elapsed time | 233110335 |
    |      10001 |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200005 | background elapsed time | 116267272 |
    |      10001 |      1002 |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200006 | background cpu time     | 209738761 |
    |      10001 |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200006 | background cpu time     | 104674501 |
    |      10001 |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time      |     32539 |
    |      10001 |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time          |         0 |
    +------------+-----------+---------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+
    10 rows in set
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    CLUSTER_ID The ID of the cluster.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SNAP_ID The ID of the snapshot.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistical item.
    STAT_NAME The name of the statistical item.
    VALUE The value of the statistical item.

    For more information about the oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL view, see oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL.

  • Query the oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL view for the WR data of time model statistical items of the current tenant.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL LIMIT 10;
    

    The query result is as follows:

    +---------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+
    | SNAP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | STAT_ID | STAT_NAME               | VALUE     |
    +---------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+
    |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200001 | DB time                 |     34505 |
    |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200001 | DB time                 |     34505 |
    |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200002 | DB CPU                  |      1966 |
    |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200002 | DB CPU                  |      1966 |
    |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200005 | background elapsed time | 233110335 |
    |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200005 | background elapsed time | 116267272 |
    |       2 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200006 | background cpu time     | 209738761 |
    |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200006 | background cpu time     | 104674501 |
    |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200010 | non idle wait time      |     32539 |
    |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 |  200011 | idle wait time          |         0 |
    +---------+----------------+----------+---------+-------------------------+-----------+
    10 rows in set
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    SNAP_ID The ID of the snapshot.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    STAT_ID The ID of the statistical item.
    STAT_NAME The name of the statistical item.
    VALUE The value of the statistical item.

    For more information about the DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL view, see oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL and DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL.

Query SQLSTAT data

  • Query the GV$OB_SQLSTAT view for the basic performance statistics of SQL statements in the cluster. Each SQL statement occupies one row, meaning each unique pair of SQL_ID and PLAN_HASH occupies a separate row. A column whose name contains _DELTA indicates the incremental value since a WR snapshot was last collected.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.GV$OB_SQLSTAT LIMIT 1\G
    

    The query result is as follows:

    *************************** 1. row ***************************
                          SVR_IP: 172.xx.xxx.xxx
                        SVR_PORT: 2882
                        TENANT_ID: 1002
                          SQL_ID: B7A6FA97FEC98C06F9586D23935AC4C6
                          PLAN_ID: 0
                        PLAN_HASH: 0
                        PLAN_TYPE: 0
                        QUERY_SQL: START TRANSACTION
                        SQL_TYPE: 69
                          MODULE: NULL
                          ACTION: NULL
                    PARSING_DB_ID: 201001
                  PARSING_DB_NAME: oceanbase
                  PARSING_USER_ID: 200001
                EXECUTIONS_TOTAL: 202176
                EXECUTIONS_DELTA: 156614
                DISK_READS_TOTAL: 0
                DISK_READS_DELTA: 0
                BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL: 0
                BUFFER_GETS_DELTA: 0
              ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL: 13049640
              ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA: 10085095
                  CPU_TIME_TOTAL: 0
                  CPU_TIME_DELTA: 0
                    CCWAIT_TOTAL: 0
                    CCWAIT_DELTA: 0
                USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL: 0
                USERIO_WAIT_DELTA: 0
                    APWAIT_TOTAL: 0
                    APWAIT_DELTA: 0
    PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL: 0
    PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA: 0
        PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL: 0
        PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA: 0
            WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL: 0
            WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA: 0
            ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL: 0
            ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA: 0
        MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
        MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
    MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
    MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
    MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
    MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
                        RPC_TOTAL: 0
                        RPC_DELTA: 0
                    FETCHES_TOTAL: 0
                    FETCHES_DELTA: 0
                      RETRY_TOTAL: 1
                      RETRY_DELTA: 0
                  PARTITION_TOTAL: 0
                  PARTITION_DELTA: 0
                NESTED_SQL_TOTAL: 0
                NESTED_SQL_DELTA: 0
                        SOURCE_IP: 172.xx.xxx.xxx
                      SOURCE_PORT: 2882
    1 row in set
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SQL_ID The ID of the SQL statement.
    PLAN_ID The ID of the execution plan.
    PLAN_HASH The hash value of the execution plan.
    PLAN_TYPE For SQL plan caching, this column indicates the type of the plan. Valid values:
    • 1: indicates a local plan.
    • 2: indicates a remote plan.
    • 3: indicates a distributed plan.

    For PL object caching, this column indicates the type of the PL object. Valid values:
    • 1: indicates a procedure.
    • 2: indicates a function.
    • 3: indicates a package.
    • 4: indicates an anonymous block.
    QUERY_SQL The full text of the SQL statement.
    SQL_TYPE The type of the SQL statement.
    MODULE The application module by which the statement was first parsed.
    ACTION The application action by which the statement was first parsed.
    PARSING_DB_ID The ID of the database where the statement was parsed.
    PARSING_DB_NAME The name of the database where the statement was parsed.
    PARSING_USER_ID The ID of the user who parsed the statement.
    EXECUTIONS_TOTAL The total number of executions of the plan in the plan cache.
    EXECUTIONS_DELTA The incremental number of executions of the plan in the plan cache.
    DISK_READS_TOTAL The total number of disk reads.
    DISK_READS_DELTA The incremental number of disk reads.
    BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL The total number of logical reads from the cache.
    BUFFER_GETS_DELTA The incremental number of logical reads from the cache.
    ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL The total execution time of the statement. If the statement is executed by multiple threads in parallel, this value is the sum of the execution time taken by each thread.
    ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA The incremental execution time of the statement.
    CPU_TIME_TOTAL The total CPU time.
    CPU_TIME_DELTA The incremental amount of CPU time.
    CCWAIT_TOTAL The total wait time of concurrency wait events.
    CCWAIT_DELTA The incremental wait time of concurrency wait events.
    USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL The total wait time of user I/O wait events.
    USERIO_WAIT_DELTA The incremental wait time of user I/O wait events.
    APWAIT_TOTAL The total wait time of application wait events.
    APWAIT_DELTA The incremental wait time of application wait events.
    PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL The total number of physical reads.
    PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA The incremental number of physical reads.
    PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL The total size in bytes of physical reads.
    PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA The incremental size in bytes of physical reads.
    WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL The total amount of time of throttling for writes to the MemStore.
    WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA The incremental amount of time of throttling for writes to the MemStore.
    ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL The total number of rows processed by the statement.
    ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA The incremental number of rows processed by the statement.
    MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the MemStore.
    MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the MemStore.
    MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the minor SSStore.
    MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the minor SSStore.
    MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the major SSStore.
    MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the major SSStore.
    RPC_TOTAL The total number of remote procedure call (RPC) requests.
    RPC_DELTA The incremental number of RPC requests.
    FETCHES_TOTAL The total number of result set fetches.
    FETCHES_DELTA The incremental number of result set fetches.
    RETRY_TOTAL The total number of retries of the SQL statement.
    RETRY_DELTA The incremental number of retries of the SQL statement.
    PARTITION_TOTAL The total number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement.
    PARTITION_DELTA The incremental number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement.
    NESTED_SQL_TOTAL The total number of executions of nested SQL statements. The value increases by 1 each time a nested SQL statement is executed.
    NESTED_SQL_DELTA The incremental number of executions of nested SQL statements.
    SOURCE_IP The IP address of the request source.
    SOURCE_PORT The port number of the request source.

    For more information about the GV$OB_SQLSTAT view, see GV$OB_SQLSTAT.

  • Query the V$OB_SQLSTAT view for the basic performance statistics of SQL statements on the current node. Each SQL statement occupies one row, meaning each unique pair of SQL_ID and PLAN_HASH occupies a separate row. A column whose name contains _DELTA indicates the incremental value since a WR snapshot was last collected.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.V$OB_SQLSTAT LIMIT 1\G
    

    The query result is as follows:

    *************************** 1. row ***************************
                          SVR_IP: 172.xx.xxx.xxx
                        SVR_PORT: 2882
                        TENANT_ID: 1002
                          SQL_ID: B7A6FA97FEC98C06F9586D23935AC4C6
                          PLAN_ID: 0
                        PLAN_HASH: 0
                        PLAN_TYPE: 0
                        QUERY_SQL: START TRANSACTION
                        SQL_TYPE: 69
                          MODULE: NULL
                          ACTION: NULL
                    PARSING_DB_ID: 201001
                  PARSING_DB_NAME: oceanbase
                  PARSING_USER_ID: 200001
                EXECUTIONS_TOTAL: 202363
                EXECUTIONS_DELTA: 156801
                DISK_READS_TOTAL: 0
                DISK_READS_DELTA: 0
                BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL: 0
                BUFFER_GETS_DELTA: 0
              ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL: 13062207
              ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA: 10097662
                  CPU_TIME_TOTAL: 0
                  CPU_TIME_DELTA: 0
                    CCWAIT_TOTAL: 0
                    CCWAIT_DELTA: 0
                USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL: 0
                USERIO_WAIT_DELTA: 0
                    APWAIT_TOTAL: 0
                    APWAIT_DELTA: 0
    PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL: 0
    PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA: 0
        PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL: 0
        PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA: 0
            WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL: 0
            WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA: 0
            ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL: 0
            ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA: 0
        MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
        MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
    MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
    MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
    MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL: 0
    MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA: 0
                        RPC_TOTAL: 0
                        RPC_DELTA: 0
                    FETCHES_TOTAL: 0
                    FETCHES_DELTA: 0
                      RETRY_TOTAL: 1
                      RETRY_DELTA: 0
                  PARTITION_TOTAL: 0
                  PARTITION_DELTA: 0
                NESTED_SQL_TOTAL: 0
                NESTED_SQL_DELTA: 0
                        SOURCE_IP: 172.xx.xxx.xxx
                      SOURCE_PORT: 2882
    1 row in set
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SQL_ID The ID of the SQL statement.
    PLAN_ID The ID of the execution plan.
    PLAN_HASH The hash value of the execution plan.
    PLAN_TYPE For SQL plan caching, this column indicates the type of the plan. Valid values:
    • 1: indicates a local plan.
    • 2: indicates a remote plan.
    • 3: indicates a distributed plan.

    For PL object caching, this column indicates the type of the PL object. Valid values:
    • 1: indicates a procedure.
    • 2: indicates a function.
    • 3: indicates a package.
    • 4: indicates an anonymous block.
    QUERY_SQL The full text of the SQL statement.
    SQL_TYPE The type of the SQL statement.
    MODULE The application module by which the statement was first parsed.
    ACTION The application action by which the statement was first parsed.
    PARSING_DB_ID The ID of the database where the statement was parsed.
    PARSING_DB_NAME The name of the database where the statement was parsed.
    PARSING_USER_ID The ID of the user who parsed the statement.
    EXECUTIONS_TOTAL The total number of executions of the plan in the plan cache.
    EXECUTIONS_DELTA The incremental number of executions of the plan in the plan cache.
    DISK_READS_TOTAL The total number of disk reads.
    DISK_READS_DELTA The incremental number of disk reads.
    BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL The total number of logical reads from the cache.
    BUFFER_GETS_DELTA The incremental number of logical reads from the cache.
    ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL The total execution time of the statement. If the statement is executed by multiple threads in parallel, this value is the sum of the execution time taken by each thread.
    ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA The incremental execution time of the statement.
    CPU_TIME_TOTAL The total CPU time.
    CPU_TIME_DELTA The incremental amount of CPU time.
    CCWAIT_TOTAL The total wait time of concurrency wait events.
    CCWAIT_DELTA The incremental wait time of concurrency wait events.
    USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL The total wait time of user I/O wait events.
    USERIO_WAIT_DELTA The incremental wait time of user I/O wait events.
    APWAIT_TOTAL The total wait time of application wait events.
    APWAIT_DELTA The incremental wait time of application wait events.
    PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL The total number of physical reads.
    PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA The incremental number of physical reads.
    PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL The total size in bytes of physical reads.
    PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA The incremental size in bytes of physical reads.
    WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL The total amount of time of throttling for writes to the MemStore.
    WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA The incremental amount of time of throttling for writes to the MemStore.
    ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL The total number of rows processed by the statement.
    ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA The incremental number of rows processed by the statement.
    MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the MemStore.
    MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the MemStore.
    MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the minor SSStore.
    MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the minor SSStore.
    MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the major SSStore.
    MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the major SSStore.
    RPC_TOTAL The total number of RPC requests.
    RPC_DELTA The incremental number of RPC requests.
    FETCHES_TOTAL The total number of result set fetches.
    FETCHES_DELTA The incremental number of result set fetches.
    RETRY_TOTAL The total number of retries of the SQL statement.
    RETRY_DELTA The incremental number of retries of the SQL statement.
    PARTITION_TOTAL The total number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement.
    PARTITION_DELTA The incremental number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement.
    NESTED_SQL_TOTAL The total number of executions of nested SQL statements. The value increases by 1 each time a nested SQL statement is executed.
    NESTED_SQL_DELTA The incremental number of executions of nested SQL statements.
    SOURCE_IP The IP address of the request source.
    SOURCE_PORT The port number of the request source.

    For more information about the V$OB_SQLSTAT view, see V$OB_SQLSTAT.

  • Query the oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT view for the basic performance statistics of SQL statements executed in all tenants. Each SQL statement occupies one row, meaning each unique pair of SQL_ID and PLAN_HASH occupies a separate row. A column whose name contains _DELTA indicates the incremental value since a WR snapshot was last collected.

    obclient [oceanbase]> SELECT * FROM oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT LIMIT 1;
    

    The query result is as follows:

    +-----------+---------+----------------+----------+----------------------------------+---------------------+---------+-----------+--------+--------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+--------------+--------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+------------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-----------+-----------+---------------+---------------+-------------+-------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+-------------+
    | TENANT_ID | SNAP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | SQL_ID                           | PLAN_HASH           | PLAN_ID | PLAN_TYPE | MODULE | ACTION | PARSING_DB_ID | PARSING_DB_NAME | PARSING_USER_ID | EXECUTIONS_TOTAL | EXECUTIONS_DELTA | DISK_READS_TOTAL | DISK_READS_DELTA | BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL | BUFFER_GETS_DELTA | ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL | ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA | CPU_TIME_TOTAL | CPU_TIME_DELTA | CCWAIT_TOTAL | CCWAIT_DELTA | USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL | USERIO_WAIT_DELTA | APWAIT_TOTAL | APWAIT_DELTA | PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL | PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA | PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL | PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA | WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL | WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA | ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL | ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA | MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL | MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA | MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL | MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA | MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL | MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA | RPC_TOTAL | RPC_DELTA | FETCHES_TOTAL | FETCHES_DELTA | RETRY_TOTAL | RETRY_DELTA | PARTITION_TOTAL | PARTITION_DELTA | NESTED_SQL_TOTAL | NESTED_SQL_DELTA | SOURCE_IP      | SOURCE_PORT |
    +-----------+---------+----------------+----------+----------------------------------+---------------------+---------+-----------+--------+--------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+--------------+--------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+------------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-----------+-----------+---------------+---------------+-------------+-------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+-------------+
    |      1002 |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 | 01058E374A5EF26873BA4D99C4A74582 | 5547575357486659143 |     181 |         1 | NULL   | NULL   |        201001 | oceanbase       |          200001 |                1 |                1 |                0 |                0 |                 0 |                 0 |               1424 |               1424 |              0 |              0 |            0 |            0 |                 0 |                 0 |            0 |            0 |                            0 |                            0 |                         0 |                         0 |                    0 |                    0 |                    0 |                    0 |                        0 |                        0 |                             0 |                             0 |                             0 |                             0 |         0 |         0 |             0 |             0 |           0 |           0 |               1 |               1 |                0 |                0 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |        2882 |
    +-----------+---------+----------------+----------+----------------------------------+---------------------+---------+-----------+--------+--------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+--------------+--------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+------------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-----------+-----------+---------------+---------------+-------------+-------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+-------------+
    1 row in set
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    TENANT_ID The ID of the tenant.
    SNAP_ID The ID of the snapshot.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    SQL_ID The ID of the SQL statement.
    PLAN_HASH The hash value of the execution plan.
    PLAN_ID The ID of the execution plan.
    PLAN_TYPE For SQL plan caching, this column indicates the type of the plan. Valid values:
    • 1: indicates a local plan.
    • 2: indicates a remote plan.
    • 3: indicates a distributed plan.

    For PL object caching, this column indicates the type of the PL object. Valid values:
    • 1: indicates a procedure.
    • 2: indicates a function.
    • 3: indicates a package.
    • 4: indicates an anonymous block.
    MODULE The application module by which the statement was first parsed.
    ACTION The application action by which the statement was first parsed.
    PARSING_DB_ID The ID of the database where the statement was parsed.
    PARSING_DB_NAME The name of the database where the statement was parsed.
    PARSING_USER_ID The ID of the user who parsed the statement.
    EXECUTIONS_TOTAL The total number of executions of the plan in the plan cache.
    EXECUTIONS_DELTA The incremental number of executions of the plan in the plan cache.
    DISK_READS_TOTAL The total number of disk reads.
    DISK_READS_DELTA The incremental number of disk reads.
    BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL The total number of logical reads from the cache.
    BUFFER_GETS_DELTA The incremental number of logical reads from the cache.
    ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL The total execution time of the statement. If the statement is executed by multiple threads in parallel, this value is the sum of the execution time taken by each thread.
    ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA The incremental execution time of the statement.
    CPU_TIME_TOTAL The total CPU time.
    CPU_TIME_DELTA The incremental amount of CPU time.
    CCWAIT_TOTAL The total wait time of concurrency wait events.
    CCWAIT_DELTA The incremental wait time of concurrency wait events.
    USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL The total wait time of user I/O wait events.
    USERIO_WAIT_DELTA The incremental wait time of user I/O wait events.
    APWAIT_TOTAL The total wait time of application wait events.
    APWAIT_DELTA The incremental wait time of application wait events.
    PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL The total number of physical reads.
    PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA The incremental number of physical reads.
    PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL The total size in bytes of physical reads.
    PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA The incremental size in bytes of physical reads.
    WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL The total amount of time of throttling for writes to the MemStore.
    WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA The incremental amount of time of throttling for writes to the MemStore.
    ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL The total number of rows processed by the statement.
    ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA The incremental number of rows processed by the statement.
    MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the MemStore.
    MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the MemStore.
    MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the minor SSStore.
    MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the minor SSStore.
    MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the major SSStore.
    MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the major SSStore.
    RPC_TOTAL The total number of RPC requests.
    RPC_DELTA The incremental number of RPC requests.
    FETCHES_TOTAL The total number of result set fetches.
    FETCHES_DELTA The incremental number of result set fetches.
    RETRY_TOTAL The total number of retries of the SQL statement.
    RETRY_DELTA The incremental number of retries of the SQL statement.
    PARTITION_TOTAL The total number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement.
    PARTITION_DELTA The incremental number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement.
    NESTED_SQL_TOTAL The total number of executions of nested SQL statements. The value increases by 1 each time a nested SQL statement is executed.
    NESTED_SQL_DELTA The incremental number of executions of nested SQL statements.
    SOURCE_IP The IP address of the request source.
    SOURCE_PORT The port number of the request source.

    For more information about the oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT view, see oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT.

  • Query the oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT view for the basic performance statistics of SQL statements executed in the current tenant. A column whose name contains _DELTA indicates the incremental value since a WR snapshot was last collected.

    obclient [SYS]> SELECT * FROM SYS.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT WHERE ROWNUM = 1;
    

    The query result is as follows:

    +---------+----------------+----------+----------------------------------+---------------------+---------+-----------+--------+--------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+--------------+--------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+------------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-----------+-----------+---------------+---------------+-------------+-------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+-------------+
    | SNAP_ID | SVR_IP         | SVR_PORT | SQL_ID                           | PLAN_HASH           | PLAN_ID | PLAN_TYPE | MODULE | ACTION | PARSING_DB_ID | PARSING_DB_NAME | PARSING_USER_ID | EXECUTIONS_TOTAL | EXECUTIONS_DELTA | DISK_READS_TOTAL | DISK_READS_DELTA | BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL | BUFFER_GETS_DELTA | ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL | ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA | CPU_TIME_TOTAL | CPU_TIME_DELTA | CCWAIT_TOTAL | CCWAIT_DELTA | USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL | USERIO_WAIT_DELTA | APWAIT_TOTAL | APWAIT_DELTA | PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL | PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA | PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL | PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA | WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL | WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA | ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL | ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA | MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL | MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA | MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL | MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA | MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL | MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA | RPC_TOTAL | RPC_DELTA | FETCHES_TOTAL | FETCHES_DELTA | RETRY_TOTAL | RETRY_DELTA | PARTITION_TOTAL | PARTITION_DELTA | NESTED_SQL_TOTAL | NESTED_SQL_DELTA | SOURCE_IP      | SOURCE_PORT |
    +---------+----------------+----------+----------------------------------+---------------------+---------+-----------+--------+--------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+--------------+--------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+------------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-----------+-----------+---------------+---------------+-------------+-------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+-------------+
    |       1 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |     2882 | 01058E374A5EF26873BA4D99C4A74582 | 5547575357486659143 |     223 |         1 | NULL   | NULL   |        201001 | oceanbase       |          200001 |                1 |                1 |                1 |                1 |                 1 |                 1 |               1699 |               1699 |              0 |              0 |            0 |            0 |                 0 |                 0 |            0 |            0 |                            1 |                            1 |                       193 |                       193 |                    0 |                    0 |                    0 |                    0 |                        0 |                        0 |                             0 |                             0 |                             0 |                             0 |         0 |         0 |             0 |             0 |           0 |           0 |               1 |               1 |                0 |                0 | 172.xx.xxx.xxx |        2882 |
    +---------+----------------+----------+----------------------------------+---------------------+---------+-----------+--------+--------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------------+--------------------+----------------+----------------+--------------+--------------+-------------------+-------------------+--------------+--------------+------------------------------+------------------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-------------------------------+-----------+-----------+---------------+---------------+-------------+-------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+-------------+
    1 row in set
    

    The following table describes the columns.

    Column Description
    SNAP_ID The ID of the snapshot.
    SVR_IP The IP address of the OBServer node.
    SVR_PORT The port number of the OBServer node.
    SQL_ID The ID of the SQL statement.
    PLAN_HASH The hash value of the execution plan.
    PLAN_ID The ID of the execution plan.
    PLAN_TYPE For SQL plan caching, this column indicates the type of the plan. Valid values:
    • 1: indicates a local plan.
    • 2: indicates a remote plan.
    • 3: indicates a distributed plan.

    For PL object caching, this column indicates the type of the PL object. Valid values:
    • 1: indicates a procedure.
    • 2: indicates a function.
    • 3: indicates a package.
    • 4: indicates an anonymous block.
    MODULE The application module by which the statement was first parsed.
    ACTION The application action by which the statement was first parsed.
    PARSING_DB_ID The ID of the database where the statement was parsed.
    PARSING_DB_NAME The name of the database where the statement was parsed.
    PARSING_USER_ID The ID of the user who parsed the statement.
    EXECUTIONS_TOTAL The total number of executions of the plan in the plan cache.
    EXECUTIONS_DELTA The incremental number of executions of the plan in the plan cache.
    DISK_READS_TOTAL The total number of disk reads.
    DISK_READS_DELTA The incremental number of disk reads.
    BUFFER_GETS_TOTAL The total number of logical reads from the cache.
    BUFFER_GETS_DELTA The incremental number of logical reads from the cache.
    ELAPSED_TIME_TOTAL The total execution time of the statement. If the statement is executed by multiple threads in parallel, this value is the sum of the execution time taken by each thread.
    ELAPSED_TIME_DELTA The incremental execution time of the statement.
    CPU_TIME_TOTAL The total CPU time.
    CPU_TIME_DELTA The incremental amount of CPU time.
    CCWAIT_TOTAL The total wait time of concurrency wait events.
    CCWAIT_DELTA The incremental wait time of concurrency wait events.
    USERIO_WAIT_TOTAL The total wait time of user I/O wait events.
    USERIO_WAIT_DELTA The incremental wait time of user I/O wait events.
    APWAIT_TOTAL The total wait time of application wait events.
    APWAIT_DELTA The incremental wait time of application wait events.
    PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_TOTAL The total number of physical reads.
    PHYSICAL_READ_REQUESTS_DELTA The incremental number of physical reads.
    PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_TOTAL The total size in bytes of physical reads.
    PHYSICAL_READ_BYTES_DELTA The incremental size in bytes of physical reads.
    WRITE_THROTTLE_TOTAL The total amount of time of throttling for writes to the MemStore.
    WRITE_THROTTLE_DELTA The incremental amount of time of throttling for writes to the MemStore.
    ROWS_PROCESSED_TOTAL The total number of rows processed by the statement.
    ROWS_PROCESSED_DELTA The incremental number of rows processed by the statement.
    MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the MemStore.
    MEMSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the MemStore.
    MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the minor SSStore.
    MINOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the minor SSStore.
    MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_TOTAL The total number of rows read from the major SSStore.
    MAJOR_SSSTORE_READ_ROWS_DELTA The incremental number of rows read from the major SSStore.
    RPC_TOTAL The total number of RPC requests.
    RPC_DELTA The incremental number of RPC requests.
    FETCHES_TOTAL The total number of result set fetches.
    FETCHES_DELTA The incremental number of result set fetches.
    RETRY_TOTAL The total number of retries of the SQL statement.
    RETRY_DELTA The incremental number of retries of the SQL statement.
    PARTITION_TOTAL The total number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement.
    PARTITION_DELTA The incremental number of partitions scanned by the SQL statement.
    NESTED_SQL_TOTAL The total number of executions of nested SQL statements. The value increases by 1 each time a nested SQL statement is executed.
    NESTED_SQL_DELTA The incremental number of executions of nested SQL statements.
    SOURCE_IP The IP address of the request source.
    SOURCE_PORT The port number of the request source.

    For more information about the DBA_WR_SQLSTAT view, see oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT and DBA_WR_SQLSTAT.

References

  • Overview
  • Manage WR
  • Clean up WR data

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