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Start on Cloud

A unified distributed database ready for your transactional, analytical, and AI workloads.

DEPLOY YOUR WAY

OceanBase Cloud

The best way to deploy and scale OceanBase

OceanBase Enterprise

Run and manage OceanBase on your infra

TRY OPEN SOURCE

OceanBase Community Edition

The free, open-source distributed database

OceanBase seekdb

Open source AI native search database

Customer Stories

Real-world success stories from enterprises across diverse industries.

View All
BY USE CASES

Mission-Critical Transactions

Global & Multicloud Application

Elastic Scaling for Peak Traffic

Real-time Analytics

Active Geo-redundancy

Database Consolidation

Comprehensive knowledge hub for OceanBase.

Blog

Live Demos

Training & Certification

Documentation

Official technical guides, tutorials, API references, and manuals for all OceanBase products.

View All
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OceanBase Database

SQL - V4.3.3

  • What's New
  • What is OceanBase Database
    • Compatibility with MySQL
    • Overview
    • Differences between Enterprise Edition and Community Edition
    • Limitations
    • System architecture
    • Compatibility with Oracle
      • Overview
      • System views
      • SQL data types
      • Built-in functions
  • Get Started
    • Video tutorial
    • Quick start with OceanBase Database Community Edition
    • Try out advanced features of OceanBase Database
      • Scalable OLTP
        • Try out the hot row update capability of OceanBase Database
        • Run the TPC-C benchmark in OceanBase Database
      • Try out operational OLAP
      • Try out parallel import and data compression
      • Try out the multi-tenant feature
    • Build a sample application (Oracle mode)
      • Build a C application
      • Build a Java application
    • Learn OceanBase SQL
      • Basic SQL operations (Oracle mode)
      • Basic SQL operations (MySQL mode)
      • Before you begin
    • Build a sample application (MySQL mode)
      • Build a Python application
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
      • Build a Go application
  • Develop
    • Develop applications (MySQL mode)
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Data JPA
          • MyBatis
          • Spring Batch
          • TestContainers
          • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Hibernate
          • Connector/J
        • Python
          • MySQL-connector-python
          • PyMySQL
          • mysqlclient
        • C
          • MySQL Connector/C
        • Go
          • GORM
          • Go-SQL-Driver/MySQL
        • PHP
          • MySQLi
          • PDO
          • EXT
      • Write data
        • Delete data
        • Generate test data in batches
        • Update data
        • Insert data
        • Replace data
      • Application errors
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Table does not exist, with ERROR 1146 reported
          • Data truncated while being inserted, with ERROR 1265 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with ERROR 4012 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Idle transaction timed out, with ERROR 6002 reported
          • Table already exists, with ERROR 1050 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with ERROR 1062 reported
          • Disconnected from the server, with ERROR 2013 reported
          • ERROR 1215 reported in foreign key addition
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling specifications for MySQL-compatible applications
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using DBeaver
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Navicat
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using the mysql client
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Overview
        • Use database connection pool
          • HikariCP
          • Proxool
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Configuration example of JDBC connections
      • Read data
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Single-table queries
        • Set operations
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use the SELECT ... LOCK IN SHARE MODE statement to lock query results
          • Use the CASE conditional operator in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use the SELECT ... FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
        • Join tables
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Lateral derived table
          • Subqueries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
      • Plan database objects
        • Create an external table
        • Create an index
        • Create a table group
        • Create a database
        • Create a table
      • Transactions
        • Roll back a transaction
        • Commit a transaction
        • Overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Release a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
    • Develop applications (Oracle mode)
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • Spring Boot
          • MyBatis
          • JFinal
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Hibernate
          • Spring Batch
        • C/C++
          • OceanBase Connector/C
          • SqlSugar
          • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
      • Read data
        • Set operations
        • Single-table queries
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Lateral derived tables
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • FULL JOIN queries
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use CASE functions in queries
          • Use the SELECT...FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Use database connection pool
          • c3p0
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • DBCP
          • HikariCP
          • Druid
          • Proxool
          • Tomcat
          • Commons Pool
      • Application errors
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Transaction timed out, with Error OBE-00600 reported
          • Idle transaction timed out, with Error OBE-24761 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with Error OBE-00001 reported
          • Table does not exist, with Error OBE-04043 reported
          • Inconsistent data types, with Error OBE-00932 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Table already exists, with Error OBE-00955 reported
          • Error OBE-00600 reported in foreign key addition
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • Error handling specifications for Oracle-compatible applications
          • About error codes
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Replace data
        • Delete data
        • Generate test data in batches
      • Transactions
        • Overview
        • Roll back a transaction
        • Commit a transaction
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
          • Mark a savepoint
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
        • Create a table group
  • Deploy
    • Clear an OceanBase cluster
    • Overview
    • HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters
    • Recommended configurations
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Overview
      • Deploy an OceanBase cluster in a Kubernetes environment
      • Deploy locally
        • Deploy OceanBase Database in a production environment using the command line
        • Software and hardware requirements
        • Deploy OceanBase Database by using systemd
        • Before deployment
          • (Optional) Check resources
          • (Optional) Set password-free SSH login
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
          • (Optional) Perform disk planning
          • (Optional) Configure limits.conf
          • (Optional) Configure sysctl.conf
          • (Optional) Disable the firewall and SELinux
          • (Optional) Create a user
        • Deploy through GUI
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of OCP
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of obd
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Deployment process
      • Deploy through GUI
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using OCP
          • Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using OCP
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using OCP
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
        • Configure deployment environment using OAT
          • Add a server
        • Deploy OCP
          • Deploy OCP
          • Create MetaDB
          • Upload installation packages
          • Overview
      • Deploy through CLI
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
        • Configure deployment environment
          • Initialize an OBServer node by using oatcli
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using CLI
          • Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using the CLI
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using the CLI
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
      • Before deployment
        • Deploy OAT
        • Prepare installation packages
        • Configure servers
        • Prepare servers
  • Migrate
    • Import data from SQL files to OceanBase Database
    • Overview
    • Migrate from DB2 databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate table schemas from a DB2 LUW database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from Oracle databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to MySQL databases
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use OMS to migrate incremental data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
    • Migrate data between OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from a MySQL tenant to an Oracle tenant in OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type in active-active disaster recovery scenarios
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between Oracle tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between MySQL tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from an Oracle tenant to a MySQL tenant in OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from MySQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use Flink CDC to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use mydumper and myloader to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
    • Direct load
      • Overview
      • Full direct load
      • Incremental direct load
      • Import data in direct load mode by using :obloader
    • Migrate from CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Import data by using the LOAD DATA statement
      • Use DataX to migrate CSV files to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to Oracle databases
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
    • Migrate from PostgreSQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a PostgreSQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data using SQL statements
      • Export data by using the SELECT INTO OUTFILE statement
      • Migrate resource units
      • Migrate data between tables
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to DB2 databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
    • Migrate from TiDB databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a TiDB database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
  • Manage
    • Log in to an OceanBase tenant
    • Manage replicas
      • Traffic distribution
      • Data distribution
      • Overview
      • Data load balancing
        • Cancel a load balancing job
        • Transfer a partition
        • Cancel a partition transfer task
        • Overview
      • Replica distribution
        • Locality
        • Common locality operations
          • View locality
          • Adjust the distribution of replicas
          • Remove replicas
          • Add replicas
          • View the locality change history
          • Migrate replicas
          • Modify locality
          • Convert the type of a replica
          • Modify the number of Paxos replicas of a log stream
          • Cancel a replica task
    • Performance tuning
      • Identify bottlenecks on the data link
      • Overview
      • SQL tuning
        • Locate and analyze slow queries II
        • Locate and analyze slow queries I
        • Typical scenarios and cases
        • SQL tuning system
        • Execution plan optimization
          • Order and limit optimization
            • Overview
            • Optimization in ORDER BY + LIMIT scenarios
            • SORT assignment and optimization
          • Plan management
            • Disadvantages of the plan cache and countermeasures
            • Plan cache
            • Views related to the plan cache
          • Statistical information and row estimation
            • Overview
            • Use statistical information and row estimation
            • Statistical information
              • Query statistics
              • Overview
              • Manage statistical information
                • Overview
                • Lock statistics
                • Configure statistics collection strategies
                • Query historical versions of statistics and roll back to a specified version
                • Delete and set statistics
                • Import and export statistics
              • Collect statistical information
                • Automatic statistics collection
                • Overview
                • Manually collect statistics
            • Row estimation
              • Row estimation based on the selectivity
              • Overview
              • Row estimation based on the storage layer
          • Join order and join algorithm
            • Join order
            • Join types
            • Joins
            • Join algorithm
              • Nested loop joins
              • Common business issues
              • Hash joins
              • Merge joins
          • Index selection
            • Reduce row reads
            • Avoid sorting
            • Overview
            • Avoid table access by index primary key
        • Business logic optimization
          • Schema specifications
          • SQL specifications
      • Identify bottlenecks within components
        • ODP performance bottlenecks
        • ODP performance analysis
        • OBServer performance bottlenecks
          • Overview
          • Capacity issues
          • Hard parsing
          • Internal wait events
          • Non-optimal plan
            • Non-optimal plan
            • Cardinality
            • Buffer tables
    • Daily inspection
      • Deadlock detection
      • Overview
      • Check tenant resource usage
      • Check cluster parameters
      • Check cluster resource usage
      • Check the host status
      • Check the NTP offset
      • Check the OBServer node status
      • End-to-end tracing
        • Show end-to-end tracing information
        • Process
        • Methods
        • Overview
        • Quick start: End-to-end diagnosis with obdiag
    • Manage clusters
      • Cluster parameters
      • Overview
      • Common cluster operations
        • Delete a zone
        • Isolate a zone
        • Add a zone
        • Reset a cluster parameter
        • Restart a node
        • Delete a node
        • Modify a zone
        • Modify cluster parameters
        • Isolate a node
        • Online upgrade from standalone deployment to distributed deployment
        • View cluster parameters
        • View a zone
        • Add a node
        • Start a zone
        • View a node
        • Replace a node
        • Upgrade a cluster
          • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
            • Upgrade an arbitration service
            • Overview
            • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
            • Check upgrade results
          • OceanBase Database Community Edition
            • Upgrade OceanBase Database by using obd
      • Troubleshoot common problems
        • Failures of a minority of nodes
        • Failures of the majority of nodes
    • Security and permissions
      • Overview
      • Access control
        • Network security access control
        • Row-level access control
        • RPC connection authentication
        • Overview
        • Users and permissions
          • Overview
          • MySQL mode
            • Privilege delegation
            • Drop a user
            • Create a user
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • Privilege types in MySQL mode
            • Role management
              • Grant privileges to a role
              • Revoke privileges from a role
              • View roles
              • Activate a role
              • Revoke a role from a user or another role
              • Overview
              • Grant a role to a user or another role
              • Create a role
              • Drop a role
          • Oracle mode
            • Privilege types in Oracle mode
            • Revoke privileges
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Create a user
            • Privilege delegation
            • View the information of a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Drop a user
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Use a proxy user
            • Manage roles
              • View roles
              • Create a role
              • Grant a role to a user
              • Overview
              • Activate or deactivate roles for a user
              • Revoke a role
              • Drop a role
              • Modify a role
              • Grant a role to another role
      • Transparent data encryption
        • Overview
        • Oracle mode
          • Decrypt a table
          • Enable TDE for existing tables
          • Enable TDE for new tables
        • MySQL mode
          • Enable TDE for existing tables
          • Decrypt a table
          • Enable TDE for new tables
      • Identification and authentication
        • Oracle mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure processing
        • MySQL mode
          • Password complexity
          • Identity authentication
          • Login failure processing
      • Security audit
        • Audit specified database objects
        • Overview
        • Enable security audit
        • Audit user login operations
        • Set and view audit rules
        • View audit records
        • Audit user operations
      • Data transmission encryption
        • ODP transmission encryption
        • OBServer transmission encryption
        • Overview
    • Backup and restore
      • Overview of physical backup and restore
      • Experience physical backup and restore with simplified deployment
      • Deploy NFS
      • Restore by table
        • Preparations
        • Parameters related to table restore
        • View the table restore result
        • Views related to table restore
        • View the table restore progress
        • Perform table restore
        • Cancel table restore
      • Clear backup data
        • Stop backup cleanup
        • Backup cleanup parameter
        • Query the backup cleanup history
        • Query the backup cleanup progress
        • Views related to backup cleanup
        • Automatic cleanup of expired backups
      • Restore data
        • Replay logs to a standby tenant
        • Parameters related to physical restore
        • Views related to physical restore
        • Convert a standby tenant into primary tenant
        • Cancel physical restore
        • Preparations
        • Upgrade a tenant after restore
        • View the physical restore progress
        • View physical restore results
        • Perform physical restore
        • Perform restore from the specified paths
      • Log archive
        • Overview
        • Disable ARCHIVELOG
        • Change the log archive destination
        • View information about pieces
        • Views related to log archiving
        • View the archiving progress
        • Preparations
        • View the archiving history
        • Suspend archiving
        • View archiving parameter settings
        • Enable ARCHIVELOG
        • Clear the archive path setting
      • Data backup
        • Views related to data backup
        • View data backup parameter settings
        • Change the backup destination
        • Preparations
        • View the data backup history
        • Initiate an incremental data backup job
        • Initiate a full data backup job
        • Stop a backup job
        • View the data backup progress
    • Emergency response
      • Emergency response overview
      • Analysis, diagnosis, and decision-making procedure
      • Common emergency problem handling
        • Capacity issues
          • Node data disk full
          • obproxy thread exhaustion
          • Exceptions of SQL queries
          • Tenant memory full
          • Node network card overload
          • Tenant request queue backlog
          • Node disk I/O high
          • Node clog disk full
        • Hardware issues
          • Other hardware and network issues
          • Node failure
          • ODP failure
          • Network failure
        • Other cluster issues
          • Insufficiency or leakage of system memory
          • sys tenant or RootService exceptions
    • High availability
      • Flashback queries
      • High availability overview
      • Physical standby database disaster recovery
        • Limitations
        • Overview
        • Log storage service
        • Drop primary and standby tenants
        • Log transmission service
          • Pause or resume log synchronization
          • View the log synchronization progress
          • Overview
          • Specify log compression
          • Optimize the log synchronization performance
          • Set the log synchronization bandwidth limit
          • View log restore source information
          • Configure log transmission service
            • Specify a log restore source
            • Specify a log restore endpoint
        • Create a standby tenant
          • Create a standby tenant by using the BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG feature
          • Create a standby tenant by using the backup and restore (with complete logs) feature
          • Create an empty standby tenant
          • Preparations
        • Switch roles
          • Switchover
          • Overview of tenant roles
          • Failover
      • Multi-replica disaster recovery
        • Disaster recovery architecture and levels
        • ODP high availability
        • Database-level high availability
        • Data link introduction
      • Arbitration high availability
        • Enable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Remove the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Disable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Query log stream upgrade/downgrade information
        • Replace the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Clear residual cluster information
        • Overview
        • Modify the log stream downgrade control time
      • Manage recycle bin
        • Purge the recycle bin
        • Overview
        • Enable or disable the recycle bin
        • Restore objects from the recycle bin
        • View objects in the recycle bin
    • Manage tenants
      • User tenant introduction
      • Tenant system variables
      • Tenant capacity
      • Tenant types
      • Tenant introduction
      • Common tenant operations
        • Rename a tenant
        • Drop a tenant
        • Lock and unlock a tenant
        • Modify attributes of a tenant
        • View tenant and resource information
        • Cancel tenant cloning
        • Modify attributes of a resource pool
        • Create a tenant
        • View and set the tenant allowlist
        • Modify system variables of a tenant
        • Clone a tenant
        • Restore a tenant
        • View system variables of a tenant
        • Manage services
          • Create a service
          • Query the service status
          • Start a service
          • Stop a service
          • Delete a service
        • Manage unit configs
          • Query unit configs
          • Modify a unit config
          • Drop a unit config
        • Resource isolation
          • Overview
          • Manage resource isolation (MySQL mode)
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Clear cgroup configurations
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Update a plan directive
            • Configure cgroups
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
          • Manage resource isolation (Oracle mode)
            • Update a plan directive
            • Configure cgroups
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Clear cgroup configurations
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Delete a resource group
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for frontend and backend tasks
        • Manage resource pools
          • Drop a resource pool
          • Merge and split resource pools
          • View resource pool information
          • Remove resource pools from a tenant
          • Allocate a resource pool to a tenant
        • Scale in/out
          • Modify the unit config for a tenant
          • Modify the number of primary zones for a tenant
          • Introduction to scaling in/out
          • Plan resources
          • Modify the number of resource units for a tenant
    • Troubleshooting
      • Bootstrap
      • Log synchronization-related errors
      • Overview
      • Arbitration server process startup failures
      • Troubleshoot SQL execution errors
      • Application exception -- error message does not contain OceanBase error code
      • Application exception -- error message contains OceanBase error code
      • Physical standby database
        • Switchover and failover issues
        • Log synchronization stuck for the physical standby database
        • Other issues
      • Backup and restore
        • Physical restore failures
        • Data backup failures
      • Transaction
        • Suspended transactions
        • Long-running transactions
        • Transaction-related errors
        • Transaction rollbacks
        • Idle transactions
      • Election
        • Leader switchover exceptions
        • Absence of the leader
        • Election
      • Storage
        • Migration, replication, and rebuild tasks
        • Minor compaction and major compaction
        • Memory-related errors
    • Monitor
      • Overview
      • Cases
      • Metrics
        • SQL monitoring
          • Overview
          • SQL audit
          • Execution plans
        • System monitoring
          • Wait events
          • Metrics
          • Latch events
          • Overview
    • Logs
      • Log levels
      • Log compression and decompression
      • Log metrics
      • Log control
      • Overview
      • Log stability
      • Alert logs
      • View logs
        • Query the log of a previous SQL request by using the SQL Trace feature
        • Search for the logs of a specific SQL request
  • OceanBase AP
    • Get started with OceanBase AP
    • Core features
    • Export data
    • Ecosystem integration
    • Overview
    • Data table design
      • Best practices
      • Overview
      • Data distribution
    • Performance diagnosis and tuning
      • Use the DBMS_XPLAN package for performance diagnostics
      • Views related to AP performance analysis
      • Use the GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR view for performance analysis
    • Deployment
      • Overview
      • Recommended parameter configurations for AP scenarios
    • Query acceleration
      • Full direct load
      • Statistics
      • Auto DOP
      • Materialized views
      • Table groups
      • Hints
      • Hybrid row-column storage
    • Performance test
      • TPC-DS benchmark report
      • TPC-H benchmark
      • TPC-DS benchmark
      • TPC-H benchmark report
    • Import data
      • ETL acceleration
      • Strategies and best practices
      • Overview
  • Vector Search
    • Generate vector embeddings
    • Store vector embeddings
    • Create a vector index
    • Use SQL functions
    • Reference
      • Overview
      • FAQ about vector search
    • Quick start
      • Use SQL for quick vector search
      • Use Python for vector retrieval
    • Overview
      • Overview
      • Vector search core features
    • Tutorial
      • Overview
  • OBKV
    • Architecture
    • Overview
    • OBKV-HBase
      • FAQ
      • Compatibility with HBase
      • Deployment
      • Overview
      • Views
      • Core features
      • Performance test
      • Use OBKV-HBase
        • Connect to a cluster by using the OBKV-HBase client
        • Overview
        • Data model design
        • Data operation examples
        • Data model
        • Delete expired data
      • OBKV-HBase integration
        • Synchronize data to OBKV-HBase by using Flink
      • OBKV-HBase management
        • Security and permissions
        • Monitoring metrics
        • Overview
        • High availability
    • OBKV-Table
      • FAQ
      • Use the OBKV-Table GO client
        • Use the OBKV-Table Go client to connect to a cluster
        • Overview of the Go client
        • Individual API operations
        • Batch operations
        • Filters
        • Aggregation API
        • About queries
      • Use the OBKV-Table Java client
        • Use the OBKV-Table Java client
        • Set client parameters
        • Supported client interfaces
        • Use the OBKV-Table Java client to connect to a cluster
      • Introduction
        • Differences between replace and insert_or_update
        • Supported value types
        • OBKV-Table data models
        • Overview
        • OBKV-Table operation types
  • Tutorials
    • Build an image search application with OceanBase Database
    • Build an intelligent Q&A robot with OceanBase Database
    • Build an offline data warehouse and a visual dashboard with OceanBase Database
  • Reference
    • Parameters and system variables
      • Overview
      • Parameters
        • Overview
        • Cluster-level parameters
          • zone
          • enable_sys_table_ddl
          • ls_meta_table_check_interval
          • tablet_meta_table_check_interval
          • log_archive_checkpoint_interval
          • dead_socket_detection_timeout
          • enable_ddl
          • max_syslog_file_count
          • net_thread_count
          • default_compress
          • log_disk_size
          • enable_asan_for_memory_context
          • tenant_task_queue_size
          • min_observer_version
          • resource_hard_limit
          • default_compress_func
          • ob_esi_syslog_level
          • tcp_keepidle
          • tcp_keepcnt
          • server_data_copy_in_concurrency
          • backup_net_limit
          • server_cpu_quota_max
          • tablet_size
          • plan_cache_evict_interval
          • user_block_cache_priority
          • user_tab_col_stat_cache_priority
          • rpc_server_authentication_method
          • rootservice_list
          • devname
          • wait_leader_batch_count
          • election_blacklist_interval
          • resource_soft_limit
          • data_dir
          • token_reserved_percentage
          • enable_sql_audit
          • syslog_level
          • enable_major_freeze
          • cluster
          • strict_check_os_params
          • partition_table_check_interval
          • memstore_limit_percentage
          • sql_login_thread_count
          • minor_merge_concurrency
          • data_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • minor_freeze_times
          • cluster_id
          • enable_rereplication
          • row_purge_thread_count
          • tablet_meta_table_scan_batch_count
          • enable_pg
          • location_cache_refresh_min_interval
          • memory_limit_percentage
          • balancer_task_timeout
          • observer_id
          • ofs_list
          • migration_disable_time
          • tcp_keepintvl
          • ob_esi_rpc_port
          • server_balance_cpu_mem_tolerance_percent
          • auto_broadcast_location_cache_rate_limit
          • enable_auto_refresh_location_cache
          • default_row_format
          • enable_auto_leader_switch
          • sys_bkgd_net_percentage
          • enable_rich_error_msg
          • enable_ob_ratelimit
          • user_row_cache_priority
          • clog_cache_priority
          • server_balance_critical_disk_waterlevel
          • global_index_build_single_replica_timeout
          • location_cache_refresh_rpc_timeout
          • ob_ratelimit_stat_period
          • backup_concurrency
          • ob_event_history_recycle_interval
          • index_block_cache_priority
          • enable_perf_event
          • replica_safe_remove_time
          • rpc_port
          • ignore_replay_checksum_error
          • px_workers_per_cpu_quota
          • mysql_port
          • rpc_client_authentication_method
          • index_cache_priority
          • rpc_timeout
          • location_refresh_thread_count
          • data_copy_concurrency
          • backup_dest
          • minor_warm_up_duration_time
          • plan_cache_low_watermark
          • stack_size
          • clog_disk_utilization_threshold
          • standby_fetch_log_bandwidth_limit
          • memory_chunk_cache_size
          • high_priority_net_thread_count
          • enable_syslog_recycle
          • global_major_freeze_residual_memory
          • backup_log_archive_option
          • merger_warm_up_duration_time
          • data_storage_error_tolerance_time
          • sql_net_thread_count
          • cpu_reserved
          • sys_bkgd_migration_change_member_list_timeout
          • storage_meta_cache_priority
          • ob_esi_session_timeout
          • enable_record_trace_id
          • system_memory
          • schema_history_recycle_interval
          • log_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • location_fetch_concurrency
          • local_ip
          • large_query_worker_percentage
          • enable_sys_unit_standalone
          • flush_log_at_trx_commit
          • ignore_replica_checksum_error
          • memory_reserved
          • sys_bkgd_io_low_percentage
          • lease_time
          • clog_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • ob_startup_mode
          • backup_zone
          • enable_sql_operator_dump
          • enable_manual_merge
          • disk_io_thread_count
          • obconfig_url
          • diag_syslog_per_error_limit
          • merge_thread_count
          • tenant_groups
          • enable_tcp_keepalive
          • enable_upgrade_mode
          • data_disk_write_limit_percentage
          • cpu_count
          • ilog_index_expire_time
          • sql_protocol_min_tls_version
          • max_string_print_length
          • rootservice_ready_check_interval
          • balancer_tolerance_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_io_high_percentage
          • multiblock_read_gap_size
          • merger_completion_percentage
          • tenant_cpu_variation_per_server
          • ssl_client_authentication
          • default_transport_compress_func
          • virtual_table_location_cache_expire_time
          • internal_sql_execute_timeout
          • autoinc_cache_refresh_interval
          • enable_record_trace_log
          • restore_concurrency
          • backup_backup_dest_option
          • plan_cache_high_watermark
          • enable_ob_esi_process
          • cache_wash_threshold
          • clog_expire_days
          • rebuild_replica_data_lag_threshold
          • sys_cpu_limit_trigger
          • enable_rootservice_standalone
          • unit_balance_resource_weight
          • location_cache_priority
          • system_cpu_quota
          • backup_backup_dest
          • weak_read_version_refresh_interval
          • auto_refresh_location_cache_rate_limit
          • micro_block_merge_verify_level
          • rootservice_async_task_thread_count
          • index_info_block_cache_priority
          • datafile_maxsize
          • ob_esi_io_concurrency
          • syslog_io_bandwidth_limit
          • datafile_disk_percentage
          • ssl_external_kms_info
          • clog_sync_time_warn_threshold
          • trx_force_kill_threshold
          • enable_global_freeze_trigger
          • auto_leader_switch_interval
          • zone_merge_timeout
          • location_cache_expire_time
          • enable_async_syslog
          • migrate_concurrency
          • sql_audit_memory_limit
          • enable_dblink
          • get_leader_candidate_rpc_timeout
          • server_check_interval
          • zone_merge_order
          • enable_log_archive
          • balance_blacklist_failure_threshold
          • backup_region
          • log_disk_percentage
          • election_cpu_quota
          • balance_blacklist_retry_interval
          • bf_cache_miss_count_threshold
          • row_compaction_update_limit
          • large_query_threshold
          • rootservice_memory_limit
          • max_px_worker_count
          • bf_cache_priority
          • enable_merge_by_turn
          • datafile_next
          • server_permanent_offline_time
          • builtin_db_data_verify_cycle
          • trace_log_sampling_interval
          • index_clog_cache_priority
          • syslog_disk_size
          • debug_sync_timeout
          • ob_esi_max_syslog_file_count
          • trx_2pc_retry_interval
          • switchover_process_thread_count
          • server_balance_disk_tolerance_percent
          • balancer_emergency_percentage
          • enable_cgroup
          • all_cluster_list
          • data_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • user_iort_up_percentage
          • px_task_size
          • workers_per_cpu_quota
          • ob_esi_memory_limit
          • all_server_list
          • max_kept_major_version_number
          • system_trace_level
          • gc_wait_archive
          • datafile_size
          • enable_syslog_wf
          • server_data_copy_out_concurrency
          • sys_bkgd_migration_retry_num
          • enable_election_group
          • trace_log_slow_query_watermark
          • log_archive_batch_buffer_limit
          • minor_deferred_gc_time
          • backup_recovery_window
          • zone_merge_concurrency
          • syslog_file_uncompressed_count
          • trx_try_wait_lock_timeout
          • dtl_buffer_size
          • opt_tab_stat_cache_priority
          • use_large_pages
          • config_additional_dir
          • clog_transport_compress_func
          • global_write_halt_residual_memory
          • tableapi_transport_compress_func
          • schema_history_expire_time
          • backup_dest_option
          • merger_switch_leader_duration_time
          • balancer_timeout_check_interval
          • memory_limit
          • recyclebin_object_expire_time
          • syslog_compress_func
          • merge_stat_sampling_ratio
          • multiblock_read_size
          • enable_separate_sys_clog
          • tablet_ls_cache_priority
          • enable_rpc_authentication_bypass
          • enable_smooth_leader_switch
          • leak_mod_to_check
          • rootservice_async_task_queue_size
          • balancer_log_interval
          • fuse_row_cache_priority
          • fast_recovery_concurrency
          • enable_one_phase_commit
          • rdma_io_thread_count
          • server_cpu_quota_min
          • location_cache_refresh_sql_timeout
          • location_cache_cpu_quota
          • alert_log_level
          • enable_global_background_resource_isolation
          • global_background_cpu_quota
        • Tenant-level parameters
          • clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count
          • compaction_high_thread_score
          • compaction_mid_thread_score
          • compatible
          • cpu_quota_concurrency
          • default_auto_increment_mode
          • dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval
          • enable_early_lock_release
          • freeze_trigger_percentage
          • ha_low_thread_score
          • log_disk_throttling_maximum_duration
          • log_storage_compress_all
          • log_storage_compress_func
          • log_transport_compress_all
          • ob_enable_batched_multi_statement
          • open_cursors
          • plsql_code_type
          • enable_sql_extension
          • enable_transfer
          • freeze_trigger_percentage
          • ha_high_thread_score
          • ha_low_thread_score
          • log_archive_concurrency
          • log_disk_throttling_maximum_duration
          • log_disk_utilization_limit_threshold
          • log_storage_compress_all
          • log_storage_compress_func
          • log_transport_compress_all
          • max_stale_time_for_weak_consistency
          • merger_check_interval
          • ob_enable_batched_multi_statement
          • ob_ssl_invited_common_names
          • open_cursors
          • plsql_code_type
          • plsql_debug
          • plsql_v2_compatibility
          • query_response_time_flush
          • range_optimizer_max_mem_size
          • rpc_memory_limit_percentage
          • sql_work_area
          • standby_db_fetch_log_rpc_timeout
          • tde_method
          • tenant_sql_net_thread_count
          • ttl_thread_score
          • workarea_size_policy
          • writing_throttling_maximum_duration
          • backup_data_file_size
          • default_progressive_merge_num
          • major_freeze_duty_time
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • undo_retention
          • log_restore_concurrency
          • enable_user_defined_rewrite_rules
          • max_partition_num
          • archive_lag_target
          • ha_mid_thread_score
          • query_response_time_range_base
          • enable_kv_ttl
          • external_kms_info
          • partition_balance_schedule_interval
          • kv_ttl_duty_duration
          • enable_rebalance
          • enable_clog_persistence_compress
          • tenant_sql_login_thread_count
          • log_disk_utilization_threshold
          • job_queue_processes
          • default_table_store_format
          • writing_throttling_trigger_percentage
          • io_category_config
          • log_disk_throttling_percentage
          • ob_compaction_schedule_interval
          • ls_gc_delay_time
          • ob_proxy_readonly_transaction_routing_policy
          • ob_query_switch_leader_retry_timeout
          • default_enable_extended_rowid
          • query_response_time_stats
          • kv_ttl_history_recycle_interval
          • clog_persistence_compress_func
          • optimizer_index_cost_adj
          • connection_control_failed_connections_threshold
          • compaction_low_thread_score
          • log_transport_compress_func
          • minor_compact_trigger
          • standby_db_preferred_upstream_log_region
          • major_compact_trigger
          • lob_enable_block_cache_threshold
          • choose_migration_source_policy
          • spill_compression_codec
          • storage_rowsets_size
          • ddl_thread_score
      • System variables
        • Overview of system variables
        • Session-level variables
          • timestamp
          • tracefile_identifier
          • runtime_filter_max_in_num
          • runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
          • ob_org_cluster_id
          • ob_last_schema_version
          • ob_max_read_stale_time
          • runtime_filter_type
          • ob_proxy_set_trx_executed
          • ob_trace_info
          • runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
          • nls_language
          • parallel_degree_limit
          • ob_enable_show_trace
          • last_insert_id
          • parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
          • ob_proxy_partition_hit
          • parallel_degree_policy
          • ob_capability_flag
          • is_result_accurate
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
        • Global variables
          • query_rewrite_integrity
          • error_on_overlap_time
          • event_scheduler
          • group_concat_max_len
          • sql_safe_updates
          • version
          • ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown
          • lc_time_names
          • ob_read_consistency
          • ob_enable_transmission_checksum
          • runtime_filter_type
          • nls_date_format
          • ob_timestamp_service
          • regexp_stack_limit
          • foreign_key_checks
          • init_connect
          • read_only
          • div_precision_increment
          • innodb_strict_mode
          • nls_calendar
          • cursor_sharing
          • nls_comp
          • validate_password_number_count
          • net_buffer_length
          • sql_warnings
          • ob_default_lob_inrow_threshold
          • nls_currency
          • ob_trx_idle_timeout
          • collation_server
          • query_cache_type
          • activate_all_roles_on_login
          • cte_max_recursion_depth
          • ob_pl_block_timeout
          • ob_enable_jit
          • nls_characterset
          • transaction_isolation
          • max_user_connections
          • plsql_ccflags
          • runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
          • ob_global_debug_sync
          • system_time_zone
          • sql_auto_is_null
          • autocommit
          • regexp_time_limit
          • block_encryption_mode
          • default_storage_engine
          • default_password_lifetime
          • explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
          • nls_timestamp_tz_format
          • net_read_timeout
          • ob_compatibility_mode
          • ob_default_replica_num
          • log_row_value_options
          • sql_mode
          • character_set_results
          • ob_enable_truncate_flashback
          • secure_file_priv
          • lower_case_table_names
          • validate_password_mixed_case_count
          • optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
          • connect_timeout
          • tx_isolation
          • ob_proxy_global_variables_version
          • server_uuid
          • debug_sync
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
          • version_comment
          • identity
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_low_percentage
          • datadir
          • character_set_database
          • parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
          • ob_reserved_meta_memory_percentage
          • parallel_degree_limit
          • character_set_filesystem
          • ob_enable_rich_error_msg
          • nls_territory
          • nls_timestamp_format
          • collation_connection
          • ob_trx_lock_timeout
          • performance_schema
          • max_sp_recursion_depth
          • validate_password_policy
          • sql_throttle_network
          • optimizer_features_enable
          • validate_password_special_char_count
          • ob_query_timeout
          • ob_create_table_strict_mode
          • sql_throttle_rt
          • interactive_timeout
          • collation_database
          • auto_increment_cache_size
          • tx_read_only
          • binlog_row_image
          • ob_early_lock_release
          • character_set_server
          • ob_plan_cache_percentage
          • query_rewrite_enabled
          • ob_enable_sql_audit
          • nls_date_language
          • character_set_client
          • ob_route_policy
          • nls_nchar_characterset
          • validate_password_length
          • nls_iso_currency
          • ob_tcp_invited_nodes
          • character_set_system
          • ob_enable_plan_cache
          • max_allowed_packet
          • auto_increment_increment
          • plugin_dir
          • wait_timeout
          • ob_enable_hash_group_by
          • nls_sort
          • ob_enable_pl_cache
          • parallel_servers_target
          • ob_trx_timeout
          • max_connections
          • nls_dual_currency
          • parallel_max_servers
          • ob_bnl_join_cache_size
          • resource_manager_plan
          • nls_nchar_conv_excp
          • character_set_connection
          • nls_numeric_characters
          • ob_temp_tablespace_size_percentage
          • ob_sql_audit_percentage
          • transaction_read_only
          • ob_sql_work_area_percentage
          • optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines
          • license
          • auto_increment_offset
          • ob_log_level
          • sql_throttle_current_priority
          • ob_max_read_stale_time
          • ob_enable_transformation
          • sql_select_limit
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_high_percentage
          • runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
          • nls_length_semantics
          • runtime_filter_max_in_num
          • sql_throttle_priority
          • ob_enable_blk_nestedloop_join
          • sql_quote_show_create
          • recyclebin
          • validate_password_check_user_name
          • time_zone
          • automatic_sp_privileges
          • query_cache_size
          • net_write_timeout
          • parallel_degree_policy
          • ob_enable_index_direct_select
          • innodb_stats_persistent
          • ob_compatibility_control
          • ob_compatibility_version
          • cardinality_estimation_model
          • ob_security_version
    • SQL reference
      • Reserved keywords (MySQL mode)
      • Reserved keywords (Oracle mode)
      • SQL syntax
        • User tenants (MySQL mode)
          • Sequence pseudocolumns
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • JSON functions
              • `JSON_TABLE`
              • Overview
              • Functions for searching JSON text
                • JSON_CONTAINS
                • JSON_CONTAINS_PATH
                • JSON_EXTRACT
                • JSON_KEYS
                • JSON_OVERLAPS
                • JSON_SEARCH
                • JSON_VALUE
                • MEMBER OF
              • Functions for returning JSON text properties
                • JSON_DEPTH
                • JSON_LENGTH
                • JSON_TYPE
                • JSON_VALID
              • Functions for modifying JSON text
                • JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
                • JSON_UNQUOTE
                • JSON_APPEND
                • JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
                • JSON_INSERT
                • JSON_MERGE
                • JSON_MERGE_PATCH
                • JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE
                • JSON_REMOVE
                • JSON_REPLACE
                • JSON_SET
              • Functions for creating JSON text
                • JSON_ARRAY
                • JSON_OBJECT
                • JSON_QUOTE
              • JSON aggregate functions
                • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                • JSON_OBJECTAGG
              • JSON schema validation functions
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALID
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALIDATION_REPORT
              • JSON utility functions
                • JSON_PRETTY
                • JSON_STORAGE_SIZE
            • Single-row functions
              • Mathematical functions
                • ABS
                • COS
                • COT
                • CRC32
                • DEGREES
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • LOG10
                • LOG2
                • ACOS
                • MOD
                • NEG
                • NORMAL
                • PI
                • POW
                • POWER
                • RADIANS
                • RAND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • ASIN
                • ROUND
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TRUNCATE
                • ATAN
                • UNIFORM
                • ATAN2
                • ZIPF
                • BIT_COUNT
                • CEIL
                • CEILING
                • CONV
              • Datetime functions
                • ADDDATE
                • DATE_FORMAT
                • DATE_SUB
                • DATEDIFF
                • DAYOFMONTH
                • DAYOFWEEK
                • DAYOFYEAR
                • EXTRACT
                • FROM_DAYS
                • FROM_UNIXTIME
                • GET_FORMAT
                • CONVERT_TZ
                • HOUR
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIME
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MAKEDATE
                • MAKETIME
                • MICROSECOND
                • MINUTE
                • MONTH
                • MONTHNAME
                • CURDATE
                • NOW
                • PERIOD_ADD
                • PERIOD_DIFF
                • QUARTER
                • SEC_TO_TIME
                • SECOND
                • STR_TO_DATE
                • SUBDATE
                • SUBTIME
                • SYSDATE
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • TIME
                • TIME_FORMAT
                • TIME_TO_SEC
                • TIME_TO_USEC
                • TIMEDIFF
                • TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMPADD
                • TIMESTAMPDIFF
                • TO_DAYS
                • TO_SECONDS
                • CURRENT_TIME
                • UNIX_TIMESTAMP
                • USEC_TO_TIME
                • UTC_DATE
                • UTC_TIME
                • UTC_TIMESTAMP
                • WEEK
                • WEEKDAY
                • WEEKOFYEAR
                • YEARWEEK
                • YEAR
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • ADDTIME
                • DAYNAME
                • DAY
                • CURTIME
                • DATE
                • DATE_ADD
              • String functions
                • ASCII
                • ELT
                • EXPORT_SET
                • BIN
                • FIELD
                • FIND_IN_SET
                • FORMAT
                • BIT_LENGTH
                • HEX
                • INSERT
                • INSTR
                • INT2IP
                • IP2INT
                • CHAR
                • LCASE
                • LEFT
                • CHAR_LENGTH
                • LENGTH
                • LOCATE
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • MAKE_SET
                • MID
                • OCT
                • OCTET_LENGTH
                • ORD
                • CHARACTER_LENGTH
                • POSITION
                • CONCAT
                • QUOTE
                • REGEXP
                • REGEXP_INSTR
                • REGEXP_LIKE
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPEAT
                • REPLACE
                • REVERSE
                • RIGHT
                • CONCAT_WS
                • RLIKE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SPACE
                • STRCMP
                • SUBSTR
                • SUBSTRING
                • SUBSTRING_INDEX
                • TRIM
                • UCASE
                • UNHEX
                • UPPER
                • WEIGHT_STRING
                • TO_BASE64
                • FROM_BASE64
                • SOUNDEX
              • Comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • INTERVAL
                • ISNULL
                • LEAST
              • Conversion functions
                • CAST
                • CONVERT
                • DECODE_TRACE_ID
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
              • Process control functions
                • CASE
                • IF
                • IFNULL
                • NULLIF
                • ORA_DECODE
            • Encryption functions
              • AES_DECRYPT
              • MD5
              • PASSWORD
              • UNCOMPRESS
              • UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH
              • RANDOM_BYTES
              • SHA
              • SHA1
              • SHA2
              • VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH
              • SM3
              • SM4_ENCRYPT
              • AES_ENCRYPT
              • SM4_DECRYPT
              • COMPRESS
              • DECODE
              • DES_DECRYPT
              • DES_ENCRYPT
              • ENCODE
              • ENCRYPT
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • MIN
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • AVG
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • GROUP_CONCAT
              • GROUPING
              • MAX
            • Analysis functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • COUNT
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • AVG
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • BIT_AND
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • NTH_VALUE
              • NTILE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • RANK
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • BIT_OR
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • BIT_XOR
            • Other functions
              • ANY_VALUE
              • INET_ATON
              • INET_NTOA
              • INET6_ATON
              • INET6_NTOA
              • IS_IPV4
              • IS_IPV4_COMPAT
              • BIN_TO_UUID
              • IS_IPV6
              • IS_UUID
              • NVL
              • UUID_TO_BIN
              • SLEEP
              • UUID
              • UUID_SHORT
              • COALESCE
              • VALUES
              • DEFAULT
              • NAME_CONST
            • Spatial functions
              • Overview
              • Geometry processing functions
              • _ST_GeoHash
              • Functions that create geometry values
              • Spatial operation functions
              • Spatial relation functions
              • Geometry property functions
              • Geometry format conversion functions
              • Spatial analysis functions
              • Spatial constructor functions
              • Spatial accessor functions
              • Spatial format conversion functions
            • Information functions
              • BENCHMARK
              • ICU_VERSION
              • OB_TRANSACTION_ID
              • ROW_COUNT
              • SCHEMA
              • SESSION_USER
              • SYSTEM_USER
              • USER
              • VERSION
              • OB_VERSION
              • CHARSET
              • COERCIBILITY
              • COLLATION
              • CONNECTION_ID
              • CURRENT_ROLE
              • CURRENT_USER
              • DATABASE
              • FOUND_ROWS
              • LAST_INSERT_ID
            • Lock functions
              • Lock functions
              • GET_LOCK
              • IS_FREE_LOCK
              • IS_USED_LOCK
              • RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS
              • RELEASE_LOCK
            • Roaring bitmap functions
              • Overview
              • Roaring bitmap constructor functions
              • Roaring bitmap cardinality calculation functions
              • Roaring bitmap operation functions
              • Roaring bitmap judgment functions
              • Roaring bitmap output functions
              • Roaring bitmap aggregate functions
            • Performance schema functions
              • FORMAT_BYTES
              • FORMAT_PICO_TIME
            • XML functions
              • Overview
              • Functions for modifying XML data
                • UPDATEXML
              • Functions for querying XML data
                • EXTRACTVALUE
            • Array functions
              • Overview
              • Array constructor functions
              • Array judgment functions
          • SQL statements
            • General syntax
            • ALTER DATABASE
            • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
            • ALTER OUTLINE
            • ALTER SEQUENCE
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • ALTER TABLE
            • ALTER TABLEGROUP
            • ALTER TABLESPACE
            • ALTER USER
            • ALTER VIEW
            • CTE
            • ANALYZE
            • CREATE DATABASE LINK
            • CREATE DATABASE
            • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
            • CREATE INDEX
            • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • CREATE OUTLINE
            • CREATE RESTORE POINT
            • CREATE ROLE
            • CREATE SEQUENCE
            • CREATE TABLE
            • CREATE TABLEGROUP
            • CREATE TABLESPACE
            • CREATE USER
            • CREATE VIEW
            • CHECKSUM TABLE
            • DEALLOCATE PREPARE
            • DROP DATABASE LINK
            • DELETE
            • DESCRIBE
            • DROP DATABASE
            • DROP INDEX
            • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • DROP OUTLINE
            • DROP ROLE
            • DROP TABLE
            • DROP TABLEGROUP
            • DROP TABLESPACE
            • DROP SEQUENCE
            • DROP USER
            • DROP VIEW
            • EXECUTE
            • EXPLAIN
            • FLASHBACK
            • GRANT
            • HELP
            • INSERT
            • KILL
            • LOAD DATA
            • LOCK TABLES
            • OPTIMIZE
            • PREPARE
            • PURGE
            • PURGE RECYCLEBIN
            • RENAME USER
            • RENAME TABLE
            • REPLACE
            • REPAIR TABLE
            • REVOKE
            • SAVEPOINT
            • SCHEMA
            • SELECT INTO
            • SET DEFAULT ROLE
            • SET
            • SET CHARSET
            • SET NAMES
            • SET PASSWORD
            • SET ROLE
            • SET TRANSACTION
            • SHOW
            • SUBMIT JOB
            • SHOW JOB STATUS
            • CANCEL JOB
            • TRANSACTION
            • TRUNCATE TABLE
            • UPDATE
            • USE
            • VALUES
            • SELECT
              • SELECT statement
              • JOIN clause
              • OVER clause
              • UNION clause
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Subqueries
            • Joins
            • Full-text queries
          • Basic elements
            • Schema object names
            • User-defined variables
            • Comments
            • Data types
              • Overview
              • ENUM type
              • SET type
              • Datetime types
                • Overview
                • DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP types
                • TIME type
                • YEAR type
              • Numeric types
                • Overview
                • Integer data types
                • Fixed-point data types
                • Floating-point data types
                • Bit value data type
              • Roaring bitmap data types
                • Overview
                • Create Roaring bitmap columns
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview
                • SRS
                • Create a spatial column
                • Create a spatial index
                • Spatial data formats
              • Large objects and text types
                • Overview
                • BLOB types
                • TEXT types
                • LOB types
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create a JSON value
                • Query and modify JSON values
                • Convert a JSON data type
                • Update partial JSON data
              • Array data types
                • Overview of array element types
                • Create array columns
              • String types
                • Overview
                • CHAR and VARCHAR
                • BINARY and VARBINARY
            • Character set and collation
              • Overview
              • Character sets
              • Collations
              • Database-level character sets and collations
              • Table-level character sets and collations
              • Column-level character sets and collations
              • Character sets and collations for character expressions
              • Character sets and collations for client connection
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Strings
              • Numbers
              • Datetime values
              • Bit values
              • Boolean values
              • NULLs
            • Expressions
              • Overview
              • Expression syntax
              • Convert data types in expression evaluation
          • Operators
            • Overview
            • BINARY operator
            • CASE conditional operator
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Bitwise operators
            • Comparison operators
            • Logical operators
            • Assignment operators
            • Date and time operators
            • Concatenation operators
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
        • User tenants (Oracle mode)
          • Introduction to SQL
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • JSON functions
                • Overview
                • Modify JSON text functions
                  • JSON_MERGEPATCH
                • Create JSON text functions
                  • JSON_ARRAY
                  • JSON_OBJECT
                  • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                  • JSON_OBJECTAGG
                • Query JSON text functions
                  • JSON_VALUE
                  • JSON_QUERY
                  • JSON_EXISTS
                  • JSON_TABLE
                • Validate JSON text functions
                  • JSON_EQUAL
              • Conversion functions
                • ASCIISTR
                • ROWIDTONCHAR
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • CAST
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
                • TO_BINARY_FLOAT
                • TO_BLOB
                • TO_CHAR(character)
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_CHAR(number)
                • TO_CLOB
                • TO_DATE
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • CHARTOROWID
                • TO_MULTI_BYTE
                • TO_NUMBER
                • TO_NCHAR(character)
                • TO_NCHAR(datetime)
                • TO_NCHAR(number)
                • TO_SINGLE_BYTE
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • CONVERT
                • UNISTR
                • HEXTORAW
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • RAWTOHEX
                • ROWIDTOCHAR
              • Numeric functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BITAND
                • CEIL
                • COS
                • COSH
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • MOD
                • NANVL
                • NORMAL
                • POWER
                • REMAINDER
                • ROUND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SINH
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TANH
                • TRUNC
                • UNIFORM
                • WIDTH_BUCKET
                • ZIPF
              • Datetime functions
                • ADD_MONTHS
                • NEXT_DAY
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • ROUND(date)
                • SESSIONTIMEZONE
                • SYS_EXTRACT_UTC
                • SYSDATE
                • SYSTIMESTAMP
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • TRUNC(date)
                • TZ_OFFSET
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • DBTIMEZONE
                • EXTRACT(datetime)
                • FROM_TZ
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MONTHS_BETWEEN
              • Generic comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • LEAST
              • String functions that return a string
                • CHR
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPLACE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SUBSTR
                • TRANSLATE
                • TRANSLATE ... USING
                • TRIM
                • UPPER
                • CONCAT
                • INITCAP
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • NLS_LOWER
                • NLSSORT
                • NLS_UPPER
              • XML functions
                • Overview
                • Construct XMLType data functions
                  • XMLAGG
                  • XMLATTRIBUTES
                  • XMLELEMENT
                  • XMLPARSE
                • Modify XMLType data functions
                  • UPDATEXML
                  • INSERTCHILDXML
                  • DELETEXML
                • Query XMLType data functions
                  • EXTRACT
                  • EXTRACTVALUE
                  • XMLSERIALIZE
                  • XMLCAST
                  • XMLTABLE
                  • XMLSEQUENCE
              • Null value related functions
                • COALESCE
                • LNNVL
                • NANVL
                • NULLIF
                • NVL
                • NVL2
              • String functions that return numbers
                • ASCII
                • INSTR
                • LENGTH
                • REGEXP_COUNT
                • REGEXP_INSTR
              • Environment and identifier functions
                • SYS_CONTEXT
                • SYS_GUID
                • UID
                • USER
                • USERENV
                • OB_VERSION
              • Encoding and decoding functions
                • DECODE
                • DUMP
                • ORA_HASH
                • VSIZE
              • Spatial functions
                • Overview
                • Constructor functions
                • Query functions
                • Format conversion functions
              • Hierarchical functions
                • SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
            • Analysis functions
              • Overview
              • KEEP
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • NTILE
              • NTH_VALUE
              • AVG
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • RATIO_TO_REPORT
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • CORR
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • KEEP
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • AVG
              • ROLLUP
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
              • GROUP_ID
              • CORR
              • GROUPING_ID
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • GROUPING
            • Information functions
              • OB_TRANSACTION_ID
          • SQL statements
            • DDL
              • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
              • ALTER INDEX
              • ALTER TABLE
              • ALTER TABLEGROUP
              • ALTER USER
              • COMMENT
              • CREATE CONTEXT
              • CREATE DIRECTORY
              • CREATE DATABASE LINK
              • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
              • CREATE INDEX
              • CREATE KEYSTORE
              • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • CREATE OUTLINE
              • CREATE PROFILE
              • ALTER KEYSTORE
              • CREATE ROLE
              • CREATE SEQUENCE
              • CREATE SYNONYM
              • CREATE TABLE
              • CREATE TABLEGROUP
              • CREATE TABLESPACE
              • CREATE USER
              • CREATE VIEW
              • DROP CONTEXT
              • ALTER OUTLINE
              • DROP DATABASE LINK
              • DROP DIRECTORY
              • DROP INDEX
              • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • DROP OUTLINE
              • DROP PROFILE
              • DROP ROLE
              • DROP SEQUENCE
              • DROP SYNONYM
              • DROP TABLE
              • ALTER PROFILE
              • DROP TABLEGROUP
              • DROP TABLESPACE
              • DROP USER
              • DROP VIEW
              • RENAME
              • TRUNCATE TABLE
              • MAJOR and MINOR
              • ALTER ROLE
              • ALTER SEQUENCE
              • ALTER SESSION
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH PLAN CACHE
              • ALTER SYSTEM PARAMETER
            • DML
              • DELETE
              • INSERT
              • MERGE
              • PURGE
              • EXPLAIN
              • UPDATE
              • SELECT
                • SIMPLE SELECT
                • Set-based SELECT
                • WITH clause
            • DCL
              • ANALYZE
              • ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
              • FLASHBACK TABLE BEFORE DROP
              • GRANT
              • KILL
              • LOAD DATA
              • AUDIT
              • LOCK TABLE
              • REVOKE
              • ROLLBACK
              • SAVEPOINT
              • SELECT INTO
              • SET NAMES
              • SET PASSWORD
              • SET ROLE
              • SET VARIABLE
              • SHOW
              • SHRINK
              • TRANSACTION
              • COMMIT
          • Pseudo columns
            • Overview
            • Hierarchical query pseudocolumns
            • Sequence pseudocolumns
            • ORA_ROWSCN pseudocolumn
            • ROWNUM pseudocolumn
            • ROWID pseudocolumn
          • Expressions
            • Overview
            • Scalar subquery expressions
            • Type constructor expressions
            • Expression list
            • Simple expressions
            • Compound expressions
            • Case expressions
            • Column expressions
            • CURSOR expressions
            • Datetime expressions
            • Function expressions
            • Interval expressions
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
          • Basic elements
            • Character sets and collations
            • Built-in data types
              • Overview
              • RAW data type
              • Rowid data types
              • User-defined data types
              • Any types
              • Numeric data types
                • Overview
                • NUMBER data type
                • FLOAT data type
                • Floating-point numbers
                • Precedence of numeric data types
              • Datetime and interval data types
                • Overview
                • DATE data type
                • TIMESTAMP data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data type
                • INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type
                • INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type
                • Calculation of dates, timestamps, and intervals
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview
                • Create a spatial column
                • SDO_GEOMETRY attribute access
                • Create a spatial index
              • Large object data types
                • Overview
                • BLOB data type
                • CLOB data type
                • LOB types
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create JSON columns
                • Query JSON data
                • Conversion rules for JSON data types
              • Character data types
                • Overview
                • CHAR data type
                • NCHAR data type
                • NVARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR data type
              • XML data types
                • Overview
                • XML data definition
                • Create an XMLType column
                • Query XMLType data
                • Convert XMLType data
            • Database objects
              • Schema objects
              • Non-schema objects
            • Database naming conventions
              • Overview
              • Suggestions on schema object names
            • Annotations
              • Overview
              • Comments within SQL statements
              • Comments on schema and non-schema objects
              • Hints
                • Overview
                • Hint list
                  • Hints related to access path
                  • Hints related to join orders
                  • Hints related to joins
                  • Hints related to parallel execution
                  • Hints related to query strategy
                  • Hints related to query conversion
                  • Other hints
            • Database object reference methods
              • Overview
              • Reference schema objects
              • Reference partitioned tables and indexes
              • Reference an attribute or method of an object type
              • Reference objects in a remote database
                • Create a DBLink
                • Reference a DBLink
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Text literals
              • Numeric literals
              • Interval literals
              • Datetime literals
                • Date literals
                • Timestamp literals
            • Data type comparison rules
              • Overview
              • Numeric value comparison rules
              • Date value comparison rules
              • Character value comparison rules
              • Data type precedence
              • Data type conversion rules
              • Security considerations for data conversion
            • Format model
              • Overview
              • Number format models
              • Datetime format models
              • RR datetime format element
              • String-to-date conversion rules
            • NULL value
              • Overview
              • NULLs in SQL functions
              • NULLs in comparison conditions
              • NULLs in conditional expressions
          • Conditions
            • Overview
            • EXISTS condition
            • IN condition
            • Condition precedence
            • Comparison conditions
            • Floating-point conditions
            • Logical conditions
            • Pattern-matching conditions
            • NULL conditions
            • Compound conditions
            • BETWEEN condition
          • Operators
            • Overview
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Concatenation operator
            • Hierarchical query operators
            • Set operators
            • COLLATE operator
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Simple query
            • Hierarchical query
            • Compound query
            • Join query
            • Subquery
            • Lateral derived tables
            • DUAL table query
        • System tenants
          • Overview
          • DROP RESOURCE UNIT
          • DROP TENANT
          • SET DECRYPTION
          • SET ENCRYPTION
          • SHOW RESTORE PREVIEW
          • ALTER RESOURCE POOL
          • ALTER RESOURCE TENANT
          • ALTER RESOURCE UNIT
          • ALTER TENANT
          • CREATE RESOURCE POOL
          • CREATE RESOURCE UNIT
          • CREATE TENANT
          • CREATE STANDBY TENANT
          • DROP RESOURCE POOL
          • ALTER SYSTEM
            • ACTIVATE STANDBY
            • ADD REPLICA
            • CANCEL MIGRATE UNIT
            • CANCEL REPLICA TASK
            • CANCEL RESTORE
            • ADD RESTORE SOURCE
            • CANCEL RECOVER TABLE
            • CANCEL TRANSFER PARTITION
            • CLEAR RESTORE SOURCE
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • MIGRATE REPLICA
            • MIGRATE UNIT
            • MODIFY PAXOS_REPLICA_NUM
            • MODIFY REPLICA
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE
            • DELETE BACKUP POLICY
            • ARCHIVELOG
            • NOARCHIVELOG
            • FLUSH PLAN CACHE
            • JOB
            • PARAMETER
            • SET LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
            • ARBITRATION
            • RECOVER STANDBY
            • RECOVER STANDBY CANCEL
            • REMOVE REPLICA
            • REFRESH
            • RESTORE
            • RESTORE PREVIEW
            • RECOVER TABLE
            • SET DATA_BACKUP_DEST
            • SERVER
            • SWITCHOVER
            • BOOTSTRAP
            • THROTTLE
            • TRANSFER PARTITION
            • WASH MEMORY FRAGMENTATION
            • BACKUP KEY
            • ZONE
            • BACKUP
            • BALANCE TASK
            • CANCEL BACKUP
            • CANCEL BALANCE JOB
            • CANCEL CLONE
            • CANCEL DELETE BACKUP
      • PL reference
        • PL reference (Oracle mode)
          • Reserved PL keywords
          • DDL operations on stored PL units
            • Overview
            • CREATE PROCEDURE
            • CREATE TRIGGER
            • CREATE TYPE
            • CREATE TYPE BODY
            • DROP FUNCTION
            • DROP PACKAGE
            • DROP PROCEDURE
            • DROP TRIGGER
            • DROP TYPE
            • DROP TYPE BODY
            • ALTER FUNCTION
            • ALTER PACKAGE
            • ALTER PROCEDURE
            • ALTER TRIGGER
            • ALTER TYPE
            • CREATE FUNCTION
            • CREATE PACKAGE
            • CREATE PACKAGE BODY
          • PL static SQL
            • Overview
            • Transaction processing and control
            • Cursors
              • Overview
              • Cursor attributes
              • Implicit cursors
              • Explicit cursors
              • Cursor variables
              • Traverse cursor data by using the FOR loop
              • Modify and drop a cursor
            • Autonomous transactions
              • Overview
              • Control autonomous transactions
              • Autonomous triggers
              • Call autonomous functions from SQL statements
          • PL stored procedures and functions
            • Overview
            • Create a stored procedure
            • Create a function
            • Manage stored procedures and functions
            • Privilege control
            • Collection of stored procedure information and its impact on parallel execution of SQL statements
            • PL DBLinks
            • User-defined functions
              • Overview
              • Interface for user-defined aggregate functions
              • Create user-defined aggregate functions
              • Use user-defined aggregate functions
            • Pipeline functions
              • Overview
              • Create a pipelined table function
              • Application
          • PL system package (Oracle mode)
            • Overview
            • UTL_RAW
              • Overview
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_FLOAT
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_INTEGER
              • CAST_TO_NUMBER
              • CAST_TO_RAW
              • CAST_TO_VARCHAR2
              • COMPARE
              • CONCAT
              • COPIES
              • LENGTH
              • BIT_AND
              • REVERSE
              • SUBSTR
              • BIT_COMPLEMENT
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_DOUBLE
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_FLOAT
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_INTEGER
              • CAST_FROM_NUMBER
            • DBMS_PROFILER
              • Overview
              • ROLLUP_RUN
              • OB_INIT_OBJECTS
              • OB_DROP_OBJECTS
              • START_PROFILER
              • STOP_PROFILER
              • PAUSE_PROFILER
              • RESUME_PROFILER
              • FLUSH_DATA
              • GET_VERSION
              • INTERNAL_VERSION_CHECK
              • ROLLUP_UNIT
            • DBMS_XPLAN
              • Overview
              • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
              • DISPLAY_CURSOR
              • DISPLAY
              • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
              • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
            • DBMS_LOB
              • Overview
              • ISOPEN
              • INSTR
              • ISTEMPORARY
              • OPEN
              • READ
              • SUBSTR
              • TRIM
              • WRITE
              • WRITEAPPEND
              • APPEND
              • CLOSE
              • COPY
              • CREATETEMPORARY
              • ERASE
              • FREETEMPORARY
              • GETLENGTH
            • DBMS_MVIEW
              • Overview
              • PURGE_LOG
              • REFRESH
            • DBMS_DEBUG
              • Overview
              • ATTACH_SESSION
              • CONTINUE
              • DEBUG_ON
              • DEBUG_OFF
              • DETACH_SESSION
              • DELETE_BREAKPOINT
              • DISABLE_BREAKPOINT
              • ENABLE_BREAKPOINT
              • GET_VALUE
              • GET_VALUES
              • GET_RUNTIME_INFO
              • GET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
              • INITIALIZE
              • PROBE_VERSION
              • PRINT_BACKTRACE
              • SET_TIMEOUT
              • SET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
              • SET_BREAKPOINT
              • SHOW_BREAKPOINTS
            • DBMS_STATS
              • Overview
              • DROP_STAT_TABLE
              • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
              • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
              • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
              • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
              • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
              • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • GET_PARAM
              • GET_PREFS
              • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
              • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
              • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
              • PURGE_STATS
              • SET_COLUMN_STATS
              • SET_INDEX_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_STATS
              • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
              • SET_PARAM
              • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
              • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_PREFS
              • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • COPY_TABLE_STATS
              • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
            • DBMS_UTILITY
              • Overview
              • GET_HASH_VALUE
              • GET_PARAMETER_VALUE
              • GET_SQL_HASH
              • GET_TIME
              • IS_BIT_SET
              • IS_CLUSTER_DATABASE
              • NAME_RESOLVE
              • NAME_TOKENIZE
              • OLD_CURRENT_SCHEMA
              • OLD_CURRENT_USER
              • ACTIVE_INSTANCES
              • PORT_STRING
              • TABLE_TO_COMMA
              • CURRENT_INSTANCE
              • DB_VERSION
              • FORMAT_CALL_STACK
              • FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE
              • FORMAT_ERROR_STACK
              • GET_ENDIANNESS
            • DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT
              • Overview
              • CLEAN_AUDIT_TRAIL
              • CREATE_PURGE_JOB
              • DROP_PURGE_JOB
              • SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP
              • SET_PURGE_JOB_STATUS
            • DBMS_MVIEW_STAT
              • Overview
              • PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
              • SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
              • SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
            • DBMS_XA
              • Overview
              • XA_RECOVER
              • XA_ROLLBACK
              • XA_SETTIMEOUT
              • XA_START
              • DBMS_XA constants
              • DBMS_XA_XID object type
              • DIST_TXN_SYNC
              • XA_COMMIT
              • XA_END
              • XA_FORGET
              • XA_GETLASTOER
              • XA_PREPARE
            • UTL_FILE
              • Overview
              • GET_LINE
              • PUT
              • PUT_LINE
              • FCLOSE
              • FFLUSH
              • FOPEN
              • FGETPOS
              • FREMOVE
              • FRENAME
              • FSEEK
              • NEW_LINE
            • DBMS_OUTPUT
              • Overview
              • DISABLE
              • ENABLE
              • GET_LINE
              • GET_LINES
              • NEW_LINE
              • PUT
              • PUT_LINE
            • DBMS_SQL
              • Overview
              • FETCH_ROWS
              • IS_OPEN
              • LAST_ERROR_POSITION
              • OPEN_CURSOR
              • BIND_VARIABLE
              • PARSE
              • CLOSE_CURSOR
              • COLUMN_VALUE
              • DEFINE_COLUMN
              • DEFINE_ARRAY
              • DESCRIBE_COLUMNS
              • EXECUTE
              • EXECUTE_AND_FETCH
            • XMLType
              • Overview
              • CREATEXML
              • GETCLOBVAL
              • GETSTRINGVAL
              • TRANSFORM
              • XMLTYPE
            • DBMS_MONITOR
              • Overview
              • OB_SESSION_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_SESSION_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_TENANT_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_TENANT_TRACE_DISABLE
            • DBMS_DESCRIBE
              • Overview
              • DESCRIBE_PROCEDURE
            • DBMS_SCHEDULER
              • Overview
              • RUN_JOB
              • SET_ATTRIBUTE
              • SET_JOB_ARGUMENT_VALUE
              • STOP_JOB
              • CREATE_JOB
              • CREATE_JOB_CLASS
              • CREATE_PROGRAM
              • DEFINE_PROGRAM_ARGUMENT
              • DISABLE
              • DISABLE
              • DROP_JOB
              • DROP_JOB_CLASS
              • DROP_PROGRAM
              • ENABLE
              • ENABLE
              • GENERATE_JOB_NAME
              • PURGE_LOG
            • DBMS_XMLGEN
              • Overview
              • CONVERT
            • UTL_I18N
              • Overview
              • RAW_TO_CHAR
              • STRING_TO_RAW
            • ODCIConst
              • Overview
              • ODCIQueryInfo.Flags
              • ODCIStatsOptions.Flags
              • ODCIStatsOptions.Options
              • Return Status
              • ScnFlg
              • ODCIArgDesc.ArgType
              • ODCIEnv.CallProperty
              • ODCIEnv.Envflags
              • ODCIIndexAlter
              • ODCIIndexAlter parameter alter_option
              • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexInfoFlags
              • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexParaDegree
              • ODCIPredInfo.Flags
            • DBMS_SESSION
              • Overview
              • RESET_PACKAGE
              • SET_CONTEXT
              • SET_IDENTIFIER
              • CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT
              • CLEAR_CONTEXT
              • CLEAR_IDENTIFIER
            • UTL_RECOMP
              • Overview
              • RECOMP_PARALLEL
              • RECOMP_SERIAL
              • TRUNCATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
              • POPULATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
              • PARALLEL_SLAVE
            • ANYDATA TYPE
              • Overview
              • BEGINCREATE static procedure
              • ENDCREATE member procedure
              • GET* member functions
              • GETTYPE member function
              • GETTYPENAME member function
              • PIECEWISE member procedure
              • SET* member procedures
            • DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
              • Overview
              • AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • DBMS_RANDOM
              • Overview
              • INITIALIZE
              • NORMAL
              • RANDOM
              • SEED
              • STRING
              • TERMINATE
              • VALUE
            • UTL_ENCODE
              • Overview
              • BASE64_DECODE
              • BASE64_ENCODE
            • DBMS_UDR
              • Overview
              • CREATE_RULE
              • DISABLE_RULE
              • ENABLE_RULE
              • REMOVE_RULE
            • DBMS_LOCK
              • Overview
              • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE
              • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE_AUTONOMOUS
              • REQUEST
              • SLEEP
              • RELEASE
            • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
              • Overview
              • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • CREATE_PLAN
              • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • DELETE_PLAN
              • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
              • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DBMS_METADATA
              • Overview
              • GET_DDL
            • DBMS_JOB
              • Overview
              • USER_EXPORT
              • WHAT
              • BROKEN
              • CHANGE
              • ZONE
              • INTERVAL
              • NEXT_DATE
              • REMOVE
              • RUN
              • SUBMIT
            • DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO
              • Overview
              • READ_CLIENT_INFO
              • READ_MODULE
              • SET_ACTION
              • SET_CLIENT_INFO
              • SET_MODULE
            • DBMS_CRYPTO
              • Overview
              • ENCRYPT
              • DECRYPT
              • HASH
            • DBMS_PLAN_CACHE
              • Overview
              • PURGE
            • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
              • Overview
              • ASH_REPORT
          • PL triggers
            • Overview
            • Create a DML trigger
            • Modify and drop a trigger
            • Disable or enable a trigger
            • Query trigger information
            • INSTEAD OF DML trigger
            • Compound DML trigger
          • PL label security package
            • Overview
            • SA_SESSION session management package
              • Overview
              • SA_SESSION.LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.RESTORE_DEFAULT_LABELS
              • SA_SESSION.ROW_LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.SET_LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.SET_ROW_LABEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN label management package
              • Overview
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.ALTER_LABEL
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.CREATE_LABEL
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.DROP_LABEL
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN policy management package
              • Overview
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.APPLY_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.DISABLE_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.ENABLE_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.REMOVE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_USER_ADMIN user label management package
              • Overview
              • SA_USER_ADMIN.SET_LEVELS
            • SA_SYSDBA policy management package
              • Overview
              • SA_SYSDBA.ALTER_POLICY
              • SA_SYSDBA.CREATE_POLICY
              • SA_SYSDBA.DROP_POLICY
            • SA_COMPONENTS label component package
              • Overview
              • SA_COMPONENTS.ALTER_LEVEL
              • SA_COMPONENTS.CREATE_LEVEL
              • SA_COMPONENTS.DROP_LEVEL
          • PL collections and records
            • Overview
            • Create and call a subprogram with record type parameters
            • Collections
            • Associative arrays
            • Varrays
            • Nested tables
            • Collection constructor function
            • Records
            • Insert records into a table and update a table by using records
            • Collection methods
              • Overview
              • DELETE method
              • TRIM method
              • EXTEND method
              • EXISTS method
              • FIRST and LAST methods
              • COUNT method
              • LIMIT method
              • PRIOR and NEXT methods
          • PL data types
            • Overview
            • SQL data types
            • LOB data types
            • BOOLEAN type
            • User-defined subtypes
            • PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER
            • Arrays
            • PL JSON data types
          • PL language basics
            • Character sets
            • Error-reporting functions
            • Lexical units
            • Declaration
            • Reference identifiers
            • Scope and visibility of identifiers
            • Assign values
            • Expressions
            • PL blocks
            • Subprograms
          • PL exception handling
            • Overview
            • Compile-Time alerts
            • Exception types
            • Exception handling processes
          • PL process control
            • Overview
            • Conditional control
            • Loop control
            • Sequential control
          • PL dynamic SQL
            • Overview
            • Execute dynamic SQL statements
            • DBMS_SQL system package
          • PL packages
            • Overview
            • Create a program package
            • Overloaded programs in a package
            • Manage program packages
            • Definition of the PL environment by the STANDARD package
        • PL reference (MySQL mode)
          • Syntax of PL stored programs
          • Reserved and non-reserved PL keywords
          • PL system packages
            • Overview
            • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
              • Overview
              • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • CREATE_PLAN
              • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • DELETE_PLAN
              • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
              • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DBMS_STATS
              • Overview
              • DROP_STAT_TABLE
              • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
              • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
              • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
              • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
              • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
              • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • GET_PARAM
              • GET_PREFS
              • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
              • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
              • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
              • PURGE_STATS
              • SET_COLUMN_STATS
              • SET_INDEX_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_STATS
              • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
              • SET_PARAM
              • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
              • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_PREFS
              • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
            • DBMS_XPLAN
              • Overview
              • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
              • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
              • DISPLAY_CURSOR
              • DISPLAY
              • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
              • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • DBMS_LIMIT_CALCULATOR
              • Overview
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_UNIT
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_LOGIC_RES
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_STANDBY_TENANT
            • DBMS_UDR
              • Overview
              • CREATE_RULE
              • DISABLE_RULE
              • ENABLE_RULE
              • REMOVE_RULE
            • DBMS_MVIEW_STAT
              • Overview
              • PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
              • SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
              • SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
            • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
              • Overview
              • ASH_REPORT
              • CREATE_SNAPSHOT
              • DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE
              • MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS
            • DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
              • Overview
              • AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • DBMS_MVIEW
              • Overview
              • PURGE_LOG
              • REFRESH
            • DBMS_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE_MANAGER
              • Overview
              • ADD_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
              • DELETE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
              • UPDATE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
          • PL conditional control statements
            • CASE
            • IF
            • ITERATE
            • LEAVE
            • LOOP
            • REPEAT
            • RETURN
            • WHILE
          • PL exception handling
            • Overview
            • Limitations on exception handling
            • DECLARE ... CONDITION
            • DECLARE ... HANDLER
            • GET DIAGNOSTICS
            • RESIGNAL
            • SIGNAL
            • Effective scope of an exception handler
            • Diagnostics area
            • Exception handling and OUT/INOUT parameters
          • PL stored procedures
            • Overview
            • Variables in stored programs
            • Stored procedures
            • Stored objects and privilege management
            • Stored functions
            • Triggers
            • Limitations on stored programs
          • PL data definition statements
            • ALTER FUNCTION
            • DROP TRIGGER
            • ALTER PROCEDURE
            • CREATE FUNCTION
            • CREATE PROCEDURE
            • CREATE TRIGGER
            • DROP FUNCTION
            • DROP PROCEDURE
          • PL related dictionary views
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA TRIGGERS
          • PL database management statements
            • SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
            • SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
            • SHOW CREATE TRIGGER
            • SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
            • SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
            • SHOW TRIGGERS
          • PL cursors
            • Overview
            • Cursor execution process
            • Limitations on server cursors
          • PL data manipulation statements
            • CALL
            • DO
        • What is PL
          • Overview
          • Main features of PL
          • PL architecture
      • SQL specifications and practices
        • Limitations on writing SQL statements
        • SQL writing specifications
          • SELECT statements
          • DML statements
          • DDL statements
          • Multi-table join statements
          • Table scan
          • Transactions
          • Cache
          • Hint
          • Others
        • SQL statement examples
          • Implicit data type conversion
          • Join tables
          • Weak consistency read
          • Pagination queries
    • System views
      • Overview
      • Outline of system views
      • Changes in views in OceanBase Database V3.x and V4.x
      • Common statistical events
      • General wait events
      • SYS tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • DBA_MVIEWS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_CLONE_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_CLONE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLUSTER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ROOTSERVICE_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_TRUSTED_ROOT_CERTIFICATE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_CKPT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • CDB_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
          • CDB_MVIEW_LOGS
          • CDB_MVIEWS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • CDB_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • CDB_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • CDB_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_COLUMN_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
          • information_schema.events
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$UNIT
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • v$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$UNIT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • gv$tenant
          • gv$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
      • Oracle tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • ALL_DEF_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • ALL_DEPENDENCIES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • ALL_DIRECTORIES
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • ALL_ERRORS
          • DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • DBA_OB_LS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • ALL_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • ALL_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_OB_SPATIAL_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • ALL_IND_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OBJ_AUDIT_OPTS
          • ALL_IND_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OBJECTS
          • DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_PART_TABLES
          • DBA_POLICIES
          • DBA_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • DBA_POLICY_GROUPS
          • DBA_PROCEDURES
          • ALL_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_PROFILES
          • DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
          • DBA_ROLES
          • DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • ALL_INDEXES
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • DBA_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • DBA_SEGMENTS
          • DBA_SEQUENCES
          • DBA_SOURCE
          • DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • ALL_ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_METHOD_PARAMS
          • DBA_STMT_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • DBA_SYNONYMS
          • DBA_SYS_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_COLS
          • DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
          • ALL_MVIEW_LOGS
          • DBA_TAB_COMMENTS
          • DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_TABLES
          • DBA_TABLESPACES
          • ALL_MVIEWS
          • DBA_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • DBA_TRIGGERS
          • DBA_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_TYPE_METHODS
          • DBA_TYPES
          • DBA_USERS
          • DBA_VIEWS
          • DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • DBMS_LOCK_ALLOCATED
          • DICT
          • DICTIONARY
          • ALL_OBJECTS
          • NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
          • PROXY_USERS
          • ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
          • ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
          • ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
          • STMT_AUDIT_OPTION_MAP
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_GLOBAL_VARIABLE
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_SESSION_VARIABLE
          • USER_ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_ARGUMENTS
          • USER_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • USER_AUDIT_SESSION
          • USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • USER_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • USER_COL_COMMENTS
          • USER_COL_PRIVS
          • USER_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_CONS_COLUMNS
          • USER_CONSTRAINTS
          • ALL_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_DB_LINKS
          • USER_DEPENDENCIES
          • USER_ERRORS
          • USER_IND_COLUMNS
          • USER_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • USER_IND_PARTITIONS
          • USER_IND_STATISTICS
          • USER_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_INDEXES
          • USER_JOBS
          • ALL_PART_INDEXES
          • USER_MVIEW_LOGS
          • USER_MVIEWS
          • USER_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • USER_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • USER_OBJECTS
          • USER_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_PART_INDEXES
          • USER_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_PART_TABLES
          • USER_POLICIES
          • USER_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_POLICY_GROUPS
          • USER_PROCEDURES
          • USER_PROFILES
          • USER_RECYCLEBIN
          • ALL_PART_TABLES
          • USER_ROLE_PRIVS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • USER_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • USER_SEGMENTS
          • USER_SEQUENCES
          • USER_SOURCE
          • USER_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_ARGUMENTS
          • ALL_POLICIES
          • USER_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • USER_SYNONYMS
          • USER_SYS_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_COLS
          • USER_TAB_COLUMNS
          • USER_TAB_COMMENTS
          • USER_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_TAB_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • USER_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_TABLES
          • USER_TABLESPACES
          • USER_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • USER_TRIGGERS
          • USER_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_TYPE_METHODS
          • ALL_POLICY_GROUPS
          • USER_TYPES
          • USER_USERS
          • USER_VIEWS
          • ALL_PROCEDURES
          • ALL_PROFILES
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • ALL_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • ALL_SEQUENCES
          • ALL_COL_COMMENTS
          • ALL_SOURCE
          • ALL_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • ALL_SYNONYMS
          • ALL_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_COLS
          • ALL_TAB_COLUMNS
          • ALL_TAB_COMMENTS
          • ALL_COL_PRIVS
          • ALL_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • ALL_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_TAB_PRIVS
          • ALL_TAB_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • ALL_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • ALL_TRIGGERS
          • ALL_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_TYPE_METHODS
          • ALL_TYPES
          • ALL_USERS
          • ALL_VIEWS
          • AUDIT_ACTIONS
          • DBA_ALL_TABLES
          • DBA_ARGUMENTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_EXISTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • ALL_CONS_COLUMNS
          • DBA_AUDIT_SESSION
          • DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • DBA_COL_COMMENTS
          • DBA_COL_PRIVS
          • DBA_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_CONS_COLUMNS
          • DBA_CONSTRAINTS
          • DBA_CONTEXT
          • DBA_DB_LINKS
          • ALL_CONSTRAINTS
          • DBA_DEPENDENCIES
          • DBA_DIRECTORIES
          • DBA_ERRORS
          • DBA_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • DBA_INDEXES
          • ALL_DB_LINKS
          • DBA_JOBS
          • DBA_JOBS_RUNNING
          • DBA_METHOD_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • DBA_MVIEWS
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$DBLINK
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DBLINK
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$GLOBALCONTEXT
          • V$INSTANCE
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$NLS_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OPEN_CURSOR
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$TIMEZONE_NAMES
          • V$VERSION
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OPEN_CURSOR
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$INSTANCE
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      • MySQL tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • DBA_MVIEWS
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • information_schema.events
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
    • Components & tools
      • O&M management
        • obd
        • ob-operator
        • ob_error
        • OBShell
          • Overview
          • API references
            • obshell API requests
            • Hybrid encryption for API operations
            • obshell management
              • AgentUpgradeCheck
              • UpgradeAgent
              • QueryNodeStatus
            • Cluster management
              • ObUpgradeCheck
              • UpgradeOb
              • AddNode
              • GetObInfo
              • AddNodeBeforeClusterInitialization
              • DeleteNodeBeforeClusterInitialization
              • SetClusterConfig
              • SetServerConfig
              • InitializeCluster
              • StartCluster
              • StopCluster
            • Task management
              • OperateDag
              • GetDagDetails
              • GetNodeDetails
              • GetSubtaskDetails
              • QueryUnfinishedTasks
              • QueryUnfinishedAgentTasks
              • QueryUnfinishedObTasks
              • QueryLastObTask
              • QueryLastAgentTask
            • Other APIs
              • GetPublicKey
              • UploadPkg
          • Command line
            • Agent commands of obshell
            • Cluster commands of obshell
            • Task commands of obshell
          • SDK references
            • GO
              • Quick start
              • Perform an agent upgrade check
              • Perform an OceanBase Database upgrade check
              • Upgrade agents
              • Upgrade OceanBase Database
              • Scale out a cluster
              • Query the status of a node
              • Query the information about a cluster
              • Operate a task
              • Obtain the information about a task
              • Obtain the information about a node
              • Obtain the information about a subtask
              • Query all unfinished tasks
              • Query unfinished agent tasks
              • Query unfinished OceanBase cluster tasks
              • Query the last O&M task in an OceanBase cluster
              • Query the last O&M task of an obshell node
              • Clean up obshell nodes in an uninitialized cluster
              • Create a cluster
              • Add a node before cluster initialization
              • Remove a node before cluster initialization
              • Set cluster-level configurations
              • Set server-level configurations
              • Initialize a cluster
              • Start a cluster
              • Stop a cluster
              • Upload an RPM package
            • Python
              • Quick start
              • Perform an agent upgrade check
              • Perform an OceanBase Database upgrade check
              • Upgrade agents
              • Upgrade OceanBase Database
              • Scale out a cluster
              • Query the status of a node
              • Query the information about a cluster
              • Operate a task
              • Obtain the information about a task
              • Obtain the information about a node
              • Obtain the information about a subtask
              • Query all unfinished tasks
              • Query unfinished agent tasks
              • Query unfinished OceanBase cluster tasks
              • Query the last O&M task in an OceanBase cluster
              • Query the last O&M task of an obshell node
              • Clean up obshell nodes in an uninitialized cluster
              • Create a cluster
              • Add a node before cluster initialization
              • Remove a node before cluster initialization
              • Set cluster-level configurations
              • Set server-level configurations
              • Initialize a cluster
              • Start a cluster
              • Stop a cluster
              • Upload an RPM package
          • Use OBShell
            • Configure an OBServer node to start automatically on boot
            • Cluster management
              • Deploy an OceanBase cluster
              • Take over an OceanBase cluster not deployed by obshell
              • Start an OceanBase cluster
              • Stop an OceanBase cluster
              • Use obshell to scale out an OceanBase cluster
              • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
            • obshell management
              • Start or stop obshell
              • Upgrade obshell
        • ob_admin
          • Overview
          • dumpsst
          • clog
            • log_tool
            • Format of clogs
            • Transaction logs
          • Backup and restore
            • dump_backup
            • test_io_device
            • io_adapter_benchmark
      • Monitoring and diagnostics
        • obdiag
        • SQL diagnoser
          • Overview
          • Deploy and use SQL diagnoser
            • Install sql_diagnoser
            • Use sql_diagnoser
          • SQL diagnoser remarks
            • Built-in diagnostic items
            • Diagnostic rule expression
            • API operations
            • Diagnostic items of SQL review
      • Data integration
        • obloader and obdumper
        • oblogproxy
        • CDC
          • Overview
          • FAQ
          • obcdc development instructions
          • obcdc_tailf
          • Throttling
          • obcdc allowlist and blocklist
          • Incremental direct load in obcdc
          • obcdc parameters
            • General obcdc parameters
            • obcdc parameters
            • Sample configuration file
      • Log analysis
        • oblogminer
          • Overview
          • Install oblogminer
          • Command-line options
          • Examples
          • FAQ
      • Stress testing tools
        • mysqltest
          • Use obd.sh to run mysqltest
          • Use of cases
            • Add a test case
            • Test case writing conventions
            • General test case writing commands
    • Platforms
      • ODC
      • OCP
      • OMS
      • OAT
      • OMA
      • OCP Express
        • Tenant management
        • OCP Express
        • Monitor a cluster
        • Log service
        • View cluster overview information
        • Diagnostic analysis
    • Database object management
      • Overview
      • Oracle mode
        • Manage synonyms
        • Manage sequences
        • Manage directory objects
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Drop a DBLink
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to modify the data in a remote database
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Install and configure OCI
          • Create a DBLink
        • Manage views
          • Manage standard views
          • Manage materialized views
            • Materialized views
              • Drop a materialized view
              • Refresh a materialized view
              • Query materialized views
              • Overview
              • Create a materialized view
              • Rewrite queries based on materialized views
            • Materialized view logs
              • Create a materialized view log
              • Overview
              • Drop a materialized view log
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Drop a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Overview
          • Drop a partition
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Rename a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Truncate a partition
          • Add a partition
          • Exchange partitions
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Global indexes
            • Local indexes
            • Overview
        • Create and manage tables
          • Overview
          • Create a table
          • Column skip index attribute
          • Define column constraints
          • Query the definition of a table
          • Modify a table
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • Create an external table
            • Overview
            • Add partitions for an external table
            • Manage external files
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Create an INSTEAD OF trigger
          • Modify and drop a trigger
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • Disable or enable a trigger
          • Create a composite trigger
          • Overview
        • Create and manage indexes
          • Overview
          • Monitor indexes
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • Drop an index
      • MySQL mode
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Overview
          • Drop a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Create a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Query information about a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • Query indexes
          • Drop an index
          • Monitor indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
          • Create an index
          • Overview
        • Create and manage databases
          • View databases
          • Create a database
          • Drop a database
          • Modify a database
        • Manage views
          • Manage standard views
          • Manage materialized views
            • Materialized views
              • Query materialized views
              • Overview
              • Rewrite queries based on materialized views
              • Create a materialized view
              • Refresh a materialized view
              • Drop a materialized view
            • Materialized view logs
              • Overview
              • Create a materialized view log
              • Drop a materialized view log
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Drop a partition
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Truncate a partition
          • Overview
          • Partition pruning
          • Exchange partitions
          • Add a partition
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
        • Create and manage tables
          • Empty a table
          • Create a table
          • Define column constraints
          • Lock a table
          • Modify a table
          • Query tables
          • Drop a table
          • Define an auto-increment column
          • Overview
          • Column skip index attribute
          • Create and manage external tables
            • Overview
            • Manage external files
            • Add partitions for an external table
            • Create an external table
        • Create and manage sequences
          • Modify a sequence
          • Query sequences
          • Create a sequence
          • Drop a sequence
          • Reference a sequence
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Drop a trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Drop a DBLink
          • Create a DBLink
    • OceanBase concepts
      • Development of OceanBase Database
      • Architecture of OceanBase Database
      • Database objects
        • Oracle mode
          • Partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
            • External table partitions
          • Tables
            • Integrity constraints
            • Partitioned table
            • Table storage
            • Temporary table
            • Table compression
            • Overview
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Replicated table
            • Data type
              • ROWID data types
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • LOB data types
              • Character data types
              • Multi-model data types
              • Overview
              • Format model
                • Number format models
                • Overview
                • Datetime format models
          • Views
            • Views in a database
            • Materialized views
              • Materialized view logs
              • Materialized views
              • Creation and update strategies for materialized views
            • Standard views
              • Standard views
              • Overview
              • Oracle-compatible views
              • View operations and data access
              • OceanBase-specific views
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Other objects
            • Sequences
            • Synonym
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Use of integrity constraints
            • Integrity constraint type
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • Overview
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • CHECK constraints
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Index storage
            • Use indexes
            • Overview
        • MySQL mode
          • Data integrity
            • Use of integrity constraints
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
          • Views
            • Views in a database
            • Standard views
              • Overview
              • Overview
              • OceanBase-specific views
              • MySQL-compatible views
              • Oracle-compatible views in MySQL tenants
              • Oracle-compatible views in the sys tenant
              • View operations and data access
            • Materialized views
              • Materialized views
              • Creation and update strategies for materialized views
              • Materialized view logs
          • Introduction
            • Dependencies between database objects
            • Overview
            • Database object storage
            • Database object types
          • Indexes
            • Overview
            • Index storage
            • Use indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Spatial indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Full-text index
          • Tables
            • Table storage
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Partitioned table
            • Table compression
            • Integrity constraints
            • Overview
            • Replicated table
            • Data type
              • Numeric data types
              • LOB data types
              • Datetime data types
              • Overview
              • Multi-model data types
              • JSON data types
              • Spatial data types
              • Character data types
          • Partitions
            • Partitioned indexes
            • External table partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioning keys
          • System views
            • Performance views
            • Dictionary views
      • OBServer node architecture
        • Structure of the OBServer node installation directory
        • Configuration file
        • Logs
        • Memory management
          • Memory-related views
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Diagnose memory errors
          • Memory usage logs
          • Overview
        • observer thread model
          • Threads
          • Worker threads
          • Background threads
      • Storage architecture
        • Query processing
        • Overview
        • Multi-level caches
        • Data storage
          • Overview
          • MemTables
          • SSTables
          • Columnar storage
          • Compression and encoding
        • Data integrity
          • Detect silent data corruption
        • Compaction
          • Overview
          • Major compaction
          • Minor compaction
      • User interface and query language
        • Client programming languages
        • SQL
          • Query SQL execution plans
          • Execution process of SQL queries
          • Introduction
            • SQL data access
            • SQL standards
            • Overview
          • Distributed execution plan
            • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
            • Manage distributed execution plans
            • Run and disable a parallel query
            • Generate distributed execution plans
            • Perform parameter tuning for PX
          • SQL statements
            • Overview
            • DDL statements
            • DCL statements
            • DML statements
        • PL
          • PL subprogram execution mechanism
          • PL concepts
            • MySQL mode
              • Functions
              • Stored procedures
              • Subprograms
              • Triggers
            • Oracle mode
              • Subprograms
              • Triggers
              • Functions
              • Stored procedures
              • Packages
      • Data link
        • Overview
        • Database proxy
          • SQL routing
          • ODP configuration management
          • Connection management
          • Overview
          • Logs and monitoring
        • Database connector
          • Overview
          • OBCI
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • OceanBase Connector/C
      • Distributed database objects
        • Overview
        • Architecture
        • Data partitions and replicas
          • Overview
          • Log streams
          • Partition replica type
            • Overview
            • Read-only replicas
            • Full-featured replica
            • Columnstore replica
          • Multi-replica consensus protocols
          • Data balancing
            • Intra-tenant balancing
            • Views and parameters related to data balancing
        • Dynamic scaling
          • Cluster scaling
          • Tenant resource scaling
            • Horizontal scaling of tenant resources
            • Overview
            • Cross-zone management of tenant resources
            • Vertical scaling of tenant resources
      • Multi-tenant architecture
        • Tenants
        • Overview
        • Compatibility modes
        • Tenants and resource management
          • Resource unit balancing
          • Multi-tenant resource isolation
          • Tenant resource management
      • Transaction management
        • Transaction concurrency and consistency
          • Multi-version read consistency
          • Weak-consistency read
          • Overview
          • Transaction isolation level
            • Transaction isolation levels in MySQL mode
            • Overview
            • Transaction isolation levels in Oracle mode
          • Concurrency control
            • Lock mechanism
            • Overview
        • Transaction
          • Overview
          • Statement-level atomicity
          • Redo logs
          • Transaction structure
          • XA transactions
          • Local transactions
          • GTS
          • Transaction control
            • Active transactions
            • Overview
            • Savepoint
            • Transaction control statements
              • MySQL transaction control
              • Oracle transaction control
          • Distributed transaction
            • Two-phase commit
            • Overview
      • Data reliability and high availability
        • Deployment solutions for disaster recovery
        • Arbitration-based high availability solution
        • Physical Standby Database solution
        • Data protection
          • Recycle bin
          • Flashback queries
          • Overview
        • High availability architecture
          • Automatic handling of node failures
          • ODP high availability
          • Paxos protocol
          • Leader election in distributed systems
          • Multi-replica log synchronization
          • Overview
        • Backup and restore
          • Overview
          • Backup directory structures
          • Restore process
          • Backup architecture
      • Database security
        • Security audit
        • Monitoring and alerting
        • Access control
        • Authentication
        • Data transmission encryption
        • Data storage encryption
        • Overview
    • Database design specifications and practices
      • Character set specifications
      • Comments
      • ORM conventions
      • Database connection specifications
      • Exception handling
      • Object structure design specifications
        • Field design
        • Partitioned table design
        • Index design
        • Table structure design
        • Other structural designs
      • Object naming conventions
        • Tenant naming conventions
        • Overview
        • Other naming conventions
        • User naming conventions
        • Field naming conventions
        • Table naming conventions
    • Performance tuning
      • Overview
      • SQL tuning
        • Glossary
        • Execution process of SQL queries
        • General issues in SQL tuning
        • SQL tuning
          • General procedure
          • Overview
          • SQL execution performance monitoring
            • SQL Trace
            • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
            • Plan cache views
            • SQL performance analysis example
              • Query SQL traffic distribution and QPS
              • Analyze queries related to distributed plans
              • Find the TOP N queries with the longest execution time within a certain period
              • Check whether the RPC execution count of a distributed subplan is balanced across servers in a cluster
              • Find the TOP N SQL queries
              • Check whether SQL queries are balanced across servers in a cluster
              • Find full table scan SQL statements in a tenant
              • Analyze SQL queries that cause an abrupt RT jitter
              • Analyze slow SQL queries
              • Use SQL Audit to analyze wait events in a query
              • Analyze whether an unusually large number of remote execution requests exist in the system or the execution of an SQL statement
              • View and analyze the shape of an execution plan
          • Query rewrite
            • Cost-based query rewrite
            • Overview
            • Rule-based query rewrite
          • Query optimization
            • Join algorithm
              • Overview
              • Join algorithms
              • Runtime filter
              • Join order
            • Access path
              • Cost-based path selection
              • Overview
              • Rule-based path selection
          • Optimizer statistics
            • Examples
            • Monitoring and diagnostics for statistics collection
            • Overview of statistics
            • Statistics collection methods
              • Histograms
              • Dynamic sampling
              • Overview
              • Online statistics collection
              • Automatic statistics collection
              • Manual statistics collection
            • Statistics management
              • Manage statistics history
              • Lock and unlock statistics
              • Manage statistics preferences
              • Overview
              • Import and export statistics
              • Delete statistics
              • Set statistics
          • Manage execution plans
            • Optimizer hints
            • Plan binding
            • SQL plan management
        • SQL execution plans
          • Fast parameterization
          • Plan cache
          • Real-time execution plan display
          • Introduction to SQL execution plans
          • SQL optimization practice with EXPLAIN
          • Execution plan operators
            • SUBPLAN FILTER
            • COUNT
            • INTERSECT
            • SUBPLAN SCAN
            • JOIN
            • DELETE
            • SEQUENCE
            • EXCHANGE
            • GROUP BY
            • FOR UPDATE
            • TABLE SCAN
            • UNION
            • MERGE
            • EXCEPT/MINUS
            • UPDATE
            • WINDOW FUNCTION
            • SELECT INTO
            • GI
            • LIMIT
            • DISTINCT
            • MATERIAL
            • INSERT
            • SORT
        • Distributed execution plans
          • Schedule distributed execution plans
          • Parallel DML
          • Parallel execution enabling methods and their priority
          • Perform parameter tuning for a parallel query
          • Manage distributed execution plans
          • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
          • Auto DOP
          • Execute parallel queries
          • Generate a distributed plan
          • Parallel DDL
        • Parallel execution plans
          • Quick start
          • Classification and optimization of parallel execution
          • Introduction to parallel execution
          • Parallel execution tuning tips
          • Parallel execution diagnostics
          • Set concurrent execution
            • Concurrency control and queuing
            • Set parallel execution parameters
            • Set a DOP for parallel execution
      • System tuning
        • OS parameter tuning
        • Database parameter tuning
          • CPU parameters
          • I/O parameters
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Network transmission parameters
        • ODP parameter tuning
          • Network transmission parameters
          • Routing parameters on nodes
          • CPU parameters
      • Performance related tools
        • OCP
        • System tools
          • CPU tools
          • Memory tools
          • Top
          • Network tools
          • Disk I/O tools
        • Internal tables
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$SYSSTAT
        • Logs
          • slow trans
          • dump tenant info
          • Trace logs
      • Performance diagnosis
        • Monitor and diagnose the cluster performance
        • Diagnose tenant performance
        • Monitor ODP performance
        • Monitor host performance
        • WR management
          • Overview
          • Manage WR
          • Monitor historical session performance
          • Clean up WR data
        • ASH report
          • Analyze ASH reports
          • Generate ASH reports
          • ASH
      • Business model tuning
        • SQL diagnostics
        • Distributed transactions
        • Load balancing
    • System management
      • Configuration management
        • Overview
        • Set parameters
        • Set variables
      • Storage management
        • Major compaction management
          • View merge information
          • Overview
          • Manually initiate a major compaction
          • Configure scheduled major compactions
          • Automatically trigger a major compaction
          • Modify major compaction settings
          • Manually control a major compaction
          • Adaptive major compactions
        • Minor compaction management
          • Modify minor compaction settings
          • Automatically trigger a minor compaction
          • Manually initiate a minor compaction
          • Overview
          • View the minor compaction information
        • Data compression
          • Data encoding and compression
          • Overview
      • Memory management
        • Overview
        • Manage the memory of the plan cache
        • Manage internal system memory
        • Set the maximum memory for an OceanBase database
        • Manage internal tenant memory
        • Memory issues
        • Memleak-based regular memory leak diagnostics mechanism
        • Memory structure
        • Query memory usage information
      • Process management
        • Background threads of OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Multi-tenant threads of OceanBase Database
        • FAQ about multi-tenant threads
        • View the thread status
      • Disk management
        • Configure automatic scale-out of disk space for data files
    • Database proxy
      • Connection and routing
      • View tenant sessions
      • Physical connections
      • Terminate a tenant session
      • OceanBase Database Proxy
      • Set the maximum number of connections for a tenant
      • Logical connection
        • Query session variables
        • Terminate a server session
        • Query the metrics of a session
        • Query all sessions
        • Query the details of a session
      • Route management
        • LDC-based routing
        • Table-based routing of ODP
        • ODP routing policy
          • Transaction routing
          • Blocklist mechanism
          • Follower-first read
          • Read/Write splitting
      • ODP
        • ODP startup parameters
        • Overview
        • Manage ODP
          • Start an ODP
          • Stop an ODP
          • Restart an ODP
          • Refresh ODP configurations
          • Add an ODP
          • Upgrade one or more ODPs
          • Delete an ODP
        • Manage ODP clusters
          • Restart all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Create an ODP cluster
          • Delete an ODP cluster
          • Manage ODP cluster parameters
          • Upgrade all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Manage OceanBase clusters connected to an ODP cluster
          • Monitor ODP cluster performance
    • Error codes
      • MySQL mode
        • Overview
        • 9500 to 9999
        • 10000 to 12000
        • 22998, 30926, 38104, and 38105
        • 0001 to 3999
        • 4000 to 4499
        • 4500 to 4999
        • 5000 to 5999
        • 6000 to 6999
        • 7000 to 7999
        • 8000 to 8999
        • 9000 to 9499
      • Oracle mode
        • Overview
        • OBE-50000 to OBE-99999
        • PLS-00000 to PLS-00999
        • OBE-00000 to OBE-00999
        • OBE-01000 to OBE-01499
        • OBE-01500 to OBE-01999
        • OBE-02000 to OBE-04999
        • OBE-05000 to OBE-10000
        • OBE-10000 to OBE-19999
        • OBE-20000 to OBE-29999
        • OBE-30000 to OBE-49999
    • Drivers
      • OBCI
      • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
      • ECOB
      • OceanBase Connector/J
      • OceanBase Connector/C
  • FAQ
    • Deployment
    • High availability
    • Products
    • FAQ about columnstores
    • Cluster management
    • SQL statements
  • Release Notes
    • Version number guidelines
    • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • V4.3
        • OceanBase Database V4.3.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.3.0
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.3.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.3.3
      • V3.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.0
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.3
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.4
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.2.1
      • V4.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.1.0
      • V4.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.2.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V4.2.0
      • V3.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.1.1
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V3.1.2
      • V2.2
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.77
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.76
        • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition V2.2.30
    • OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • V4.0
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.0.0
      • V3.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.3
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.4
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.2
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V3.1.5
      • V4.3
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.0
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.2
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.3.3
      • V4.2
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.2.0
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.2.1
      • V4.1
        • OceanBase Database Community Edition V4.1.0
  • Glossary

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What's New Compatibility with MySQL Overview Differences between Enterprise Edition and Community Edition Limitations System architecture Overview System views SQL data types Built-in functions Video tutorial Quick start with OceanBase Database Community Edition Try out operational OLAP Try out parallel import and data compression Try out the multi-tenant feature Build a C application Build a Java application Basic SQL operations (Oracle mode) Basic SQL operations (MySQL mode) Before you begin Build a Python application Build a Java application Build a C application Build a Go application Clear an OceanBase cluster Overview HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters Recommended configurations Overview Deploy an OceanBase cluster in a Kubernetes environment Deployment process Import data from SQL files to OceanBase Database Overview Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database Use DBCAT to migrate table schemas from a DB2 LUW database to OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use OMS to migrate incremental data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use Canal to synchronize data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from a MySQL tenant to an Oracle tenant in OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type in active-active disaster recovery scenarios Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between Oracle tenants in OceanBase Database Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between MySQL tenants in OceanBase Database Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from an Oracle tenant to a MySQL tenant in OceanBase Database Use Flink CDC to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database Use mydumper and myloader to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use ChunJun to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use CloudCanal to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use DataX to migrate table data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Use Canal to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database Overview Full direct load Incremental direct load Import data in direct load mode by using :obloader Import data by using the LOAD DATA statement Use DataX to migrate CSV files to OceanBase Database Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database Use OMS to migrate data from a PostgreSQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database Export data by using the SELECT INTO OUTFILE statement Migrate resource units Migrate data between tables Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database Use OMS to migrate data from a TiDB database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database Log in to an OceanBase tenant Traffic distribution Data distribution Overview Identify bottlenecks on the data link Overview Deadlock detection Overview Check tenant resource usage Check cluster parameters Check cluster resource usage Check the host status Check the NTP offset Check the OBServer node status Cluster parameters Overview Overview Overview of physical backup and restore Experience physical backup and restore with simplified deployment Deploy NFS Emergency response overview Analysis, diagnosis, and decision-making procedure
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Batch operations

Last Updated:2024-11-11 07:37:15  Updated
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Create a batch executor
BatchExecutor API
Example

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Create a batch executor

The syntax is as follows:

// NewBatchExecutor create a batch executor.
NewBatchExecutor(tableName string) BatchExecutor

Input parameters:

  • tableName: the name of the table.

Response parameters:

  • BatchExecutor: the batch executor.

BatchExecutor API

The syntax is as follows:

type BatchExecutor interface {
    // AddInsertOp add an insert operation to the batch executor.
    AddInsertOp(rowKey []*table.Column, mutateValues []*table.Column, opts ...ObkvOption) error
    // AddUpdateOp add an update operation to the batch executor.
    AddUpdateOp(rowKey []*table.Column, mutateValues []*table.Column, opts ...ObkvOption) error
    // AddInsertOrUpdateOp add an insertOrUpdate operation to the batch executor
    AddInsertOrUpdateOp(rowKey []*table.Column, mutateValues []*table.Column, opts ...ObkvOption) error
    // AddReplaceOp add a replace operation to the batch executor
    AddReplaceOp(rowKey []*table.Column, mutateValues []*table.Column, opts ...ObkvOption) error
    // AddIncrementOp add an increment operation to the batch executor
    AddIncrementOp(rowKey []*table.Column, mutateValues []*table.Column, opts ...ObkvOption) error
    // AddAppendOp add an append operation to the batch executor
    AddAppendOp(rowKey []*table.Column, mutateValues []*table.Column, opts ...ObkvOption) error
    // AddDeleteOp add a delete operation to the batch executor
    AddDeleteOp(rowKey []*table.Column, opts ...ObkvOption) error
    // AddGetOp add a get operation to the batch executor.
    AddGetOp(rowKey []*table.Column, getColumns []string, opts ...ObkvOption) error
    // Execute a batch operation.
    // batch operation only ensures atomicity of a single partition.
    // BatchOperationResult contains the results of all operations.
    Execute(ctx context.Context) (BatchOperationResult, error)
}

Input parameters:

  • AddInsertOp: adds the Insert operation.
  • AddUpdateOp: adds the Update operation.
  • AddInsertOrUpdateOp: adds the InsertOrUpdate operation.
  • AddReplaceOp: adds the Replace operation.
  • AddIncrementOp: adds the Increment operation.
  • AddAppendOp: adds the Append operation.
  • AddDeleteOp: adds the Delete operation.
  • AddGetOp: adds the Get operation.
  • Execute: executes multiple operations at a time. The execution result is returned in BatchOperationResult.

The syntax of BatchOperationResult is as follows:

type BatchOperationResult interface {
    // IsEmptySet result is empty or not.
    IsEmptySet() bool
    // GetResults get all results.
    GetResults() []SingleResult
    // Size batch operation size.
    Size() int
    // SuccessIdx indexes of successful operation.
    SuccessIdx() []int
    // ErrorIdx indexes of unsuccessful operation.
    ErrorIdx() []int
}

Input parameters:

  • IsEmptySet: indicates whether the result is empty.
  • GetResults: the result array.
  • Size: the number of results.
  • SuccessIdx: the sequence number of a successful operation.
  • ErrorIdx: the sequence number of a failed operation.

Example

// CREATE TABLE test(c1 bigint, c2 bigint, PRIMARY KEY(c1)) PARTITION BY hash(c1) partitions 2;
func main() {
    const (
        configUrl    = "xxx"
        fullUserName = "user@tenant#cluster"
        passWord     = ""
        sysUserName  = "sysUser"
        sysPassWord  = ""
        tableName    = "test"
    )
    cfg := config.NewDefaultClientConfig()
    cli, err := client.NewClient(configUrl, fullUserName, passWord, sysUserName, sysPassWord, cfg)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    batchExecutor := cli.NewBatchExecutor(tableName)

    rowKey1 := []*table.Column{table.NewColumn("c1", int64(1))}
    rowKey2 := []*table.Column{table.NewColumn("c1", int64(2))}
    selectColumns1 := []string{"c1"}
    selectColumns2 := []string{"c2"}
    err = batchExecutor.AddGetOp(rowKey1, selectColumns1)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }
    err = batchExecutor.AddGetOp(rowKey2, selectColumns2)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    ctx, _ := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Duration(1000)*time.Millisecond) // 1000ms
    res, err := batchExecutor.Execute(ctx)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err)
    }

    if res.Size() != 2 {
        panic(err)
    }
    println(res.GetResults()[0].Entity().GetProperty("c1"))
    println(res.GetResults()[1].Entity().GetProperty("c2"))
}
  • In this example, two Get operations are executed at a time.
  • Two results are returned. Result 0 contains the value of c1, and Result 1 contains the value of c2.

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