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OceanBase Database

SQL - V4.3.5

Documentation updates
What's New
What is OceanBase Database
- Overview
- Differences between Enterprise Edition and Community Edition
- System architecture
- Compatibility with Oracle
  - Overview
  - SQL data types
  - Built-in functions
  - System views
- Compatibility with MySQL
- Limitations
Get Started
- Get started with OceanBase Database Community Edition
- Learn OceanBase SQL
  - Before you begin
  - Basic SQL operations (MySQL mode)
  - Basic SQL operations (Oracle mode)
- Build a sample application (MySQL mode)
  - Build a Python application
  - Build a Java application
  - Build a C application
  - Build a Go application
- Build a sample application (Oracle mode)
  - Build a Java application
  - Build a C application
- Try out advanced features of OceanBase Database
  - Scalable OLTP
    - Run the TPC-C benchmark in OceanBase Database
    - Try out the hot row update capability of OceanBase Database
  - Try out operational OLAP
  - Try out parallel import and data compression
  - Try out the multi-tenant feature
- Video tutorial
Develop
- Develop applications (MySQL mode)
  - Connect to OceanBase Database
    - Overview
    - Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using the mysql client
    - Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
    - Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
    - Connect to OceanBase Database by using DBeaver
    - Connect to OceanBase database by using Navicat
    - Use database connection pool
      - Database Connection Pool Configuration
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using a Tomcat connection pool
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using a C3P0 connection pool
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using a Proxool connection pool
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using a HikariCP connection pool
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using a DBCP connection pool
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using Commons Pool
      - Druid
      - JDBC configuration example
  - Sample applications
    - Java
      - Connect to OceanBase Database from SpringBoot Application
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using SpringBatch
      - spring-jdbc
      - Spring Data JPA
      - Hibernate application development example
      - MyBatis
      - Connector/J
      - TestContainers
    - Python
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using mysqlclient
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using PyMySQL
      - MySQL-connector-python
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using SQLAlchemy
      - Connect to OceanBase Database with Django
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using peewee
    - C
      - MySQL Connector/C
    - Go
      - Go-SQL-Driver/MySQL
      - GORM
    - PHP
      - EXT
      - MySQLi
      - PDO
    - Rust
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using Rust
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using SeaORM
    - Ruby
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using ActiveRecord
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using mysql2
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using Sequel
  - Plan database objects
    - Create a database
    - Create a table group
    - Create a table
    - Create an index
    - Create an external table
  - Write data
    - Insert data
    - Update data
    - Delete data
    - Replace data
    - Generate test data in batches
  - Read data
    - Single-table queries
    - Join tables
      - INNER JOIN queries
      - FULL JOIN queries
      - LEFT JOIN queries
      - RIGHT JOIN queries
      - Subqueries
      - Lateral derived table
    - Use operators and functions in queries
      - Use arithmetic operators in queries
      - Use numerical functions in queries
      - Use string concatenation operators in queries
      - Use string functions in queries
      - Use datetime functions in queries
      - Use type conversion functions in queries
      - Use aggregate functions in queries
      - Use NULL-related functions in queries
      - Use the CASE conditional operator in queries
      - Lock query results with SELECT FOR UPDATE
      - Use the SELECT ... LOCK IN SHARE MODE statement to lock query results
    - Use a DBLink in queries
    - Set operations
  - Transactions
    - Overview
    - Start a transaction
    - Savepoints
      - Mark a savepoint
      - Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
      - Release a savepoint
    - Commit a transaction
    - Roll back a transaction
  - Application errors
    - Troubleshooting guidelines
      - About error codes
      - Error handling specifications for MySQL-compatible applications
    - Common errors and troubleshooting practices
      - Disconnected from the server, with ERROR 2013 reported
      - Idle transaction timed out, with ERROR 6002 reported
      - Transaction timed out, with ERROR 4012 reported
      - User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
      - Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
      - Table already exists, with ERROR 1050 reported
      - Table does not exist, with ERROR 1146 reported
      - Duplicate data inserted, with ERROR 1062 reported
      - ERROR 1215 reported in foreign key addition
      - Data truncated while being inserted, with ERROR 1265 reported
- Develop applications (Oracle mode)
  - Connect to OceanBase Database
    - Overview
    - Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
    - Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
    - Connect to OceanBase Database in Oracle mode by using DBeaver
    - Connect to OceanBase Database in Oracle mode by using Navicat
    - Use database connection pool
      - Database connection pool configuration
      - Tomcat
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using a C3P0 connection pool
      - Proxool
      - HikariCP
      - DBCP
      - Commons Pool
      - Druid
  - Sample applications
    - Java
      - Connect to OceanBase Database by using OceanBase Connector/J
      - Spring Boot
      - Spring Batch
      - Spring Data JDBC
      - Spring Data JPA
      - Hibernate
      - MyBatis
      - JFinal
    - Python
      - Python Driver Oracle Mode
    - C/C++
      - OceanBase Connector/C
      - OceanBase Connector/ODBC
      - SqlSugar
  - Plan database objects
    - Create a table group
    - Create a table
    - Create an index
    - Create an external table
  - Write data
    - Insert data
    - Update data
    - Delete data
    - Replace data
    - Generate test data in batches
  - Read data
    - Query a single table
    - Join tables
      - INNER JOIN queries
      - FULL JOIN queries
      - LEFT JOIN queries
      - RIGHT JOIN queries
      - Subqueries
      - Lateral derived tables
    - Use operators and functions in queries
      - Use arithmetic operators in queries
      - Use numerical functions in queries
      - Use string concatenation operators in queries
      - Use string functions in queries
      - Use datetime functions in queries
      - Use type conversion functions in queries
      - Use aggregate functions in queries
      - Use NULL-related functions in queries
      - Use CASE functions in queries
      - Use the SELECT...FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
    - Use a DBLink in queries
    - Set operations
  - Transactions
    - Overview
    - Start a transaction
    - Savepoints
      - Mark a savepoint
      - Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
    - Commit a transaction
    - Roll back a transaction
  - Application errors
    - Troubleshooting guidelines
      - About error codes
      - Error handling specifications for Oracle-compatible applications
    - Common errors and troubleshooting practices
      - Idle transaction timed out, with Error OBE-24761 reported
      - Transaction timed out, with Error OBE-00600 reported
      - User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
      - Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
      - Table already exists, with Error OBE-00955 reported
      - Table does not exist, with Error OBE-04043 reported
      - Duplicate data inserted, with Error OBE-00001 reported
      - Error OBE-00600 reported in foreign key addition
      - Inconsistent data types, with Error OBE-00932 reported
Deploy
- Overview
- HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters
- Deploy OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
  - Deployment process
  - Before deployment
    - Prepare servers
    - Configure servers
    - Prepare installation packages
    - Deploy OAT
  - Deploy through GUI
    - Configure deployment environment using OAT
      - Add a server
    - Deploy OCP
      - Overview
      - Upload installation packages
      - Create MetaDB
      - Deploy OCP
    - Deploy OceanBase clusters using OCP
      - Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using OCP
      - Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using OCP
      - Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
      - Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
    - (Optional) Deploy ODP
  - Deploy through CLI
    - Configure deployment environment
      - Initialize an OBServer node by using oatcli
      - (Optional) Configure the clock source
    - Deploy OceanBase clusters using CLI
      - Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using the CLI
      - Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using the CLI
      - Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
      - Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
    - (Optional) Deploy ODP
  - Deploy the OceanBase Database Java SDK
- Deploy OceanBase Database Community Edition
  - Overview
  - Deploy locally
    - Software and hardware requirements
    - Before deployment
      - (Optional) Check resources
      - (Optional) Set password-free SSH login
      - (Optional) Configure the clock source
      - (Optional) Perform disk planning
      - (Optional) Configure limits.conf
      - (Optional) Configure sysctl.conf
      - (Optional) Disable the firewall and SELinux
      - (Optional) Create a user
    - Deploy through GUI
      - Deploy an OceanBase cluster by using the obd GUI
      - Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of OCP
    - Deploy OceanBase Database in a production environment by using the CLI
    - Deploy OceanBase Database by using systemd
    - Deploy OceanBase Database in a container
  - Deploy an OceanBase cluster in a Kubernetes environment
  - Deploy OceanBase Desktop
- Clear an OceanBase cluster
- Recommended configurations
Upgrade
- OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
  - Overview
  - Upgrade the arbitration service
  - Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
  - Post-upgrade check
- OceanBase Database Community Edition
  - Upgrade OceanBase Database with obd
Migrate
- Overview
- Migrate from MySQL databases to OceanBase Database
  - Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
  - Use mydumper and myloader to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
  - Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
  - Use DataX to migrate table data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
  - Use CloudCanal to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
  - Use Canal to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
  - Use Flink CDC to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
  - Use ChunJun to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
  - Huawei Cloud CDM
- Migrate from OceanBase Database to MySQL databases
  - Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
  - Use OMS to migrate incremental data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
  - Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
  - Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
  - Use Canal to synchronize data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
  - Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
  - Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
  - Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
- Migrate from Oracle databases to OceanBase Database
  - Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
  - Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
  - Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
  - Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
- Migrate from OceanBase Database to Oracle databases
  - Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
  - Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
  - Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
- Migrate from DB2 databases to OceanBase Database
  - Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
  - Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
  - Use DBCAT to migrate table schemas from a DB2 LUW database to OceanBase Database
- Migrate from OceanBase Database to DB2 databases
  - Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
  - Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
- Migrate from TiDB databases to OceanBase Database
  - Use OMS to migrate data from a TiDB database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
- Migrate from PostgreSQL databases to OceanBase Database
  - Use OMS to migrate data from a PostgreSQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
- Migrate from CSV files to OceanBase Database
  - Use DataX to migrate CSV files to OceanBase Database
  - Import data by using the LOAD DATA statement
- Import data from SQL files to OceanBase Database
- Migrate data between OceanBase Database
  - Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type
  - Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type in active-active disaster recovery scenarios
  - Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between MySQL tenants in OceanBase Database
  - Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from a MySQL tenant to an Oracle tenant in OceanBase Database
  - Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between Oracle tenants in OceanBase Database
  - Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from an Oracle tenant to a MySQL tenant in OceanBase Database
- Migrate data using SQL statements
  - Migrate data between tables
  - Migrate resource units
  - Export data using the OUTFILE statement
- Overview of direct load
Manage
- Log in to an OceanBase tenant
- Manage clusters
  - Overview
  - Cluster parameters
  - Common cluster operations
    - View a zone
    - View a node
    - Restart a node
    - Add a node
    - Delete a node
    - Isolate a node
    - Replace a node
    - Start a zone
    - Add a zone
    - Delete a zone
    - Modify a zone
    - Isolate a zone
    - View cluster parameters
    - Modify cluster parameters
    - Reset cluster parameters
    - Online upgrade from standalone deployment to distributed deployment
  - Troubleshoot common problems
    - Failures of a minority of nodes
    - Failures of the majority of nodes
- Manage tenants
  - Tenant introduction
  - Tenant capacity
  - Tenant types
  - User tenant introduction
  - Tenant system variables
  - Common tenant operations
    - Create a tenant
    - Resource isolation
      - Resource isolation overview
      - Manage resource isolation (Oracle mode)
        Configure cgroups
        Configure global CPU resource isolation for frontend and backend tasks
        Calibrate the disk performance
        Configure resource isolation within a tenant
        Update a plan directive
        Delete a plan directive
        Delete a resource management plan
        Delete a resource group
        Clear cgroup configurations
      - Manage resource isolation (MySQL mode)
        Configure cgroups
        Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
        Calibrate the disk performance
        Configure resource isolation within a tenant
        Update resource management plan directive
        Delete a plan directive
        Delete a resource management plan
        Delete a resource group
        Clear cgroup configurations
      - Resource isolation configuration examples for background tasks
    - View tenant and resource information
    - View and set the tenant allowlist
    - View system variables of a tenant
    - Modify system variables of a tenant
    - Scale in/out
      - Introduction to scaling in/out
      - Plan resources
      - Modify the unit config for a tenant
      - Modify the number of resource units for a tenant
      - Modify the number of primary zones for a tenant
    - Modify attributes of a resource pool
    - Modify attributes of a tenant
    - Lock and unlock a tenant
    - Drop a tenant
    - Restore a tenant
    - Rename a tenant
    - Manage resource pools
      - View resource pool information
      - Allocate a resource pool to a tenant
      - Remove resource pools from a tenant
      - Merge and split a resource pool
      - Drop a resource pool
    - Manage unit configs
      - Query unit configs
      - Modify a unit config
      - Drop a unit config
    - Manage services
      - Create a service
      - Query the service status
      - Start a service
      - Stop a service
      - Delete a service
- Manage replicas
  - Overview
  - Replica distribution
    - Locality
    - Common locality operations
      - View locality
      - Modify locality
      - Add replicas
      - Remove replicas
      - Convert the type of a replica
      - Adjust the distribution of replicas
      - View the locality change history
      - Migrate replicas
      - Modify the number of Paxos replicas of a log stream
      - Cancel a replica task
  - Traffic distribution
  - Data distribution
  - Data load balancing
    - Overview
    - Transfer a partition
    - Cancel a partition transfer task
    - Cancel a load balancing job
- High availability
  - High availability overview
  - Multi-replica disaster recovery
    - Data link introduction
    - ODP high availability
    - Database-level high availability
    - Disaster recovery architecture and levels
  - Physical standby database disaster recovery
    - Overview
    - Limitations
    - Create a standby tenant
      - Preparations
      - Create an empty standby tenant
      - Create a standby tenant by using the backup and restore (with complete logs) feature
      - Create a standby tenant by using the BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG feature
    - Log transmission service
      - Overview
      - Configure log transmission service
        Set a log restore source
        Specify a log restore endpoint
      - View log restore source information
      - View the log synchronization progress
      - Pause or resume log synchronization
      - Optimize the log synchronization performance
      - Set the log synchronization bandwidth limit
      - Specify log compression
    - Log storage service
    - Switch roles
      - Overview of tenant roles
      - Switchover
      - Failover
    - Drop primary and standby tenants
  - Arbitration high availability
    - Arbitration service overview
    - Enable the arbitration service for a tenant
    - Disable the arbitration service for a tenant
    - Modify the log stream downgrade control time
    - Query log stream upgrade/downgrade information
    - Replace the arbitration service for a cluster
    - Remove the arbitration service for a cluster
    - Clear residual cluster information
  - Manage recycle bin
    - Overview
    - Enable or disable the recycle bin
    - View objects in the recycle bin
    - Restore objects from the recycle bin
    - Purge the recycle bin
  - Flashback queries
- Security and permissions
  - Overview
  - Identification and authentication
    - MySQL mode
      - Identity authentication
      - Password complexity
      - Login failure processing
    - Oracle mode
      - Identity authentication
      - Password complexity
      - Login failure processing
  - Access control
    - Overview
    - Users and permissions
      - Overview
      - MySQL mode
        Privilege types in MySQL-compatible mode
        Create a user
        Grant direct privileges
        Privilege delegation
        Role management
        Overview
        Create a role
        Grant privileges to a role
        Grant a role to a user or another role
        Activate a role
        View roles
        Revoke privileges from a role
        Revoke a role from a user or another role
        Drop a role
        Grant indirect privileges
        View user privileges
        Revoke privileges
        Lock or unlock a user
        Drop a user
      - Oracle mode
        Privilege types in Oracle mode
        Create a user
        View the information of a user
        Grant direct privileges
        Privilege delegation
        Manage roles
        Overview
        Create a role
        Grant a role to another role
        Grant a role to a user
        Activate or deactivate roles for a user
        View roles
        Modify a role
        Revoke a role
        Drop a role
        Grant indirect privileges
        View user privileges
        Revoke privileges
        Use a proxy user
        Lock or unlock a user
        Drop a user
    - Network security access control
    - RPC connection authentication
    - Row-level access control
  - Data transmission encryption
    - Overview
    - OBServer transmission encryption
    - ODP transmission encryption
  - Transparent data encryption
    - Overview
    - MySQL mode
      - Enable TDE for new tables
      - Enable TDE for existing tables
      - Decrypt a table
    - Oracle mode
      - Enable TDE for new tables
      - Enable TDE for existing tables
      - Decrypt a table
  - Column encryption
    - Overview of column encryption
    - Create column encryption rules
    - Manage column encryption privileges
    - Column encryption FAQ
  - Security auditing
    - Security auditing overview
    - MySQL-compatible mode
      - Enable security auditing
      - Set audit rules
      - View auditing records
      - Disable security auditing
    - Oracle-compatible mode
      - Enable security auditing
      - Set and view auditing rules
      - View auditing records
      - Audit user logins
      - Audit user operations
      - Audit specified database objects
- Backup and restore
  - Physical backup and restore
  - Experience physical backup and restore with simplified deployment
  - Deploy NFS
  - Log archive
    - Overview
    - Prepare for log archiving
    - Enable ARCHIVELOG
    - Suspend archiving
    - Disable ARCHIVELOG
    - View information about pieces
    - View the archiving progress
    - View the archiving history
    - View archiving parameter settings
    - Change the archive destination
    - Clear the archive path setting
    - Views related to log archiving
  - Data backup
    - Prepare for backup
    - Initiate a full data backup job
    - Initiate an incremental data backup job
    - Back up parameters
    - Stop a backup job
    - View the data backup progress
    - View the data backup history
    - View parameters related to data backup
    - Change the backup destination
    - Views related to data backup
  - Update the key information of an object storage path
  - Clear backup data
    - Automatic cleanup of expired backups
    - Stop backup cleanup
    - Query the backup cleanup progress
    - Query the backup cleanup history
    - Backup cleanup parameter
    - Views related to backup cleanup
  - Restore data
    - Preparations
    - Perform physical restore
    - Perform restore from the specified paths
    - Cancel physical restore
    - View the physical restore progress
    - View physical restore results
    - Replay logs to a standby tenant
    - Convert a standby tenant into primary tenant
    - Upgrade a tenant after restore
    - Parameters related to physical restore
    - Views related to physical restore
  - Restore by table
    - Overview of table-level restore
    - Preparations
    - Restore by table
    - Schema recovery during table-level recovery
    - Cancel table restore
    - View the table restore progress
    - View the table restore result
    - Parameters related to table restore
    - Views related to table restore
  - Backup and restore performance tuning
- Monitor
  - Overview
  - Metrics
    - System monitoring
      - Overview
      - Metrics
      - Wait events
      - Latch events
    - SQL monitoring
      - Overview
      - SQL audit
      - Execution plans
  - Cases
- Logs
  - Overview
  - Log levels
  - Log stability
  - Log control
  - Log compression and decompression
  - Log metrics
  - Alert logs
  - View logs
    - Search for the logs of a specific SQL request
    - Query the log of a previous SQL request by using the SQL Trace feature
- Daily inspection
  - Overview
  - Check cluster parameters
  - Check the host status
  - Check tenant resource usage
  - Check cluster resource usage
  - Check the OBServer node status
  - Check the NTP offset
  - Deadlock detection
  - End-to-end tracing
    - Overview
    - Process
    - Methods
    - Show end-to-end tracing information
    - Quick start: End-to-end diagnosis with obdiag
- Performance tuning
  - Overview
  - Identify bottlenecks on the data link
  - Identify bottlenecks within components
    - ODP performance bottlenecks
    - ODP performance analysis
    - OBServer performance bottlenecks
      - Overview
      - Non-optimal plan
        Non-optimal plan
        Buffer tables
        Cardinality
      - Hard parsing
      - Capacity issues
      - Internal wait events
  - SQL tuning
    - SQL tuning system
    - Execution plan optimization
      - Statistical information and row estimation
        Overview
        Statistical information
        Overview
        Collect statistical information
        Overview
        Manually collect statistics
        Automatic statistics collection
        Query statistics
        Manage statistical information
        Overview
        Delete and set statistics
        Import and export statistics
        Lock statistics
        Query historical versions of statistics and roll back to a specified version
        Configure statistics collection strategies
        Row estimation
        Overview
        Row estimation based on the selectivity
        Row estimation based on the storage layer
        Use statistical information and row estimation
      - Plan management
        Plan cache
        Disadvantages of the plan cache and countermeasures
        Views related to the plan cache
      - Index selection
        Overview
        Reduce row reads
        Avoid table access by index primary key
        Avoid sorting
      - Join
        Joins
        Join algorithm
        Nested loop joins
        Hash Join
        Merge join
        Common business issues
        Join types
        Join order
      - Order and limit optimization
        Overview
        SORT assignment and optimization
        Optimization in ORDER BY + LIMIT scenarios
    - Business logic optimization
      - SQL specifications
      - Schema specifications
    - Locate and analyze slow queries I
    - Locate and analyze slow queries II
    - Typical scenarios and cases
- Troubleshooting
  - Overview
  - BootStrap
  - Storage
    - Minor compaction and major compaction
    - Memory-related errors
    - Migration, replication, and rebuild tasks
  - Election
    - Election
    - Leader switchover exceptions
    - Absence of the leader
  - Transaction
    - Transaction-related errors
    - Transaction rollbacks
    - Long-running transactions
    - Suspended transactions
    - Idle transactions
  - Log synchronization-related errors
  - Physical standby database
    - Log synchronization stuck for the physical standby database
    - Switchover and failover issues
    - Other issues
  - Backup and restore
    - Data backup failures
    - Physical restore failures
  - Arbitration server process startup failures
  - Troubleshoot SQL execution errors
  - Application exceptions -- error messages without OceanBase error codes
  - Application exceptions -- error messages with OceanBase error codes
  - Troubleshoot application disconnection issues
  - Common issues and solutions
  - Use ASH for troubleshooting
    - Troubleshoot uneven CPU usage
  - Common troubleshooting SQLs
    - Query the tenant_id and table_id
- Emergency response
  - Emergency response overview
  - Analysis, diagnosis, and decision-making procedure
  - Common emergency problem handling
    - Hardware issues
      - Node failure
      - Network failure
      - ODP failure
      - Other hardware and network issues
    - Capacity issues
      - Exceptions of SQL queries
      - Node disk I/O high
      - Node network card overload
      - Tenant memory full
      - obproxy thread exhaustion
      - Node clog disk full
      - Node data disk full
      - Tenant request queue backlog
    - Other cluster issues
      - SYS tenant/RS service issues
      - Insufficiency or leakage of system memory
OceanBase AP
- Release note for AP core features
- Overview of OceanBase AP
- Core features of OceanBase AP
- Quick start with OceanBase Database AP
- Deployment
  - Overview
  - Recommended parameter configurations in AP scenarios
  - Deploy and use columnstore replicas
- Data table design
  - Overview of tables
  - Data distribution
    - Dynamic partitioning
  - Best practices for data table design
    - Data table design and query optimization in AP scenarios
    - Best practices for creating special indexes
    - Table partitioning design in OLAP scenarios
- Data migration
  - Overview
  - Heterogeneous data migration
  - Homogeneous data migration
  - Integrate data in a big data ecosystem
  - Best practices for migrating data from mainstream AP databases to OceanBase
- Data collection
  - Overview
  - Import data
    - Overview
    - Direct load
      - Overview of direct load
      - Full direct load
      - Incremental direct load
      - Import data in direct load mode by using obloader
      - Efficiently load data by using full direct load and partition exchange
    - Import data to an external table
    - Strategies and best practices
- Data processing
  - Data processing in OceanBase
  - Data processing tools
  - Data Processing Tools
  - Materialized views query acceleration
    - Accelerate queries using materialized views
    - Practice scenarios of materialized views
  - Accelerate queries by using materialized views
- Data lake
  - Data catalog
    - Overview of data catalogs
    - Internal catalog
    - ODPS catalog
    - HMS Catalog
  - External tables
    - Overview
    - External tables
    - Access MaxCompute tables by using external tables
  - URL external tables in OceanBase Database
- Query acceleration
  - Overview
  - Statistics
  - Materialized views for query acceleration
  - Select a query parallelism level
- Export data
- Data visualization
- Performance diagnosis and tuning
  - Use the DBMS_XPLAN package for performance diagnostics
  - Use the GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR view for performance analysis
  - Views related to AP performance analysis
- Performance testing
- Ecosystem integration in AP scenarios
- Tutorials
  - Recommended practical tutorials for analytical processing
  - Accelerate offline queries in OceanBase Database by using the HMS catalog
  - Query and read/write MaxCompute (ODPS) data in OceanBase Database
- AP FAQ
Vector Search
- Overview
  - Overview of vector search
  - Core features of vector search
  - AI application workflow with OceanBase vector search
- Quick starts
  - Perform vector search by using SQL
  - Perform a vector search by using Python
- Vector embedding
- Store vector data
- Vector index
  - Overview of vector indexes
  - Vector index memory management
  - Dense index
    - Overview of dense indexes
    - Choose an index type
    - HNSW series indexes
    - IVF series indexes
  - Maintain indexes
  - Optimize index performance
- Use SQL functions
- Text embedding for vector search
- Vector similarity search
- Migrate to OceanBase Database from a vector database
- Tutorials
  - Overview
  - Build an image search application with OceanBase Database
  - Build an intelligent Q&A assistant with OceanBase Database
- AI integrations
  - Overview of AI integration
- Benchmark testing with VectorDBBench
- References
  - Overview of vector data types
  - Compatibility
  - Supported clients and languages
    - Supported clients and languages for vector search
    - pyobvector Python SDK API reference
    - Java SDK interface
- Vector search FAQs
Shared storage
- Overview of shared storage
- Shared storage architecture
- Shared storage multi-tier caching
- Shared storage disaster recovery deployment
- Custom hot cache policy (MySQL mode)
  - Overview
  - Create a table-level hot cache strategy
  - Modify the table-level hot cache policy
  - Modify the partition-level hot cache policy
  - Manage hot cache strategies
- Shared storage-related views overview
- Overview of shared storage configuration items and system variables
Integrations
- Overview of the ecosystem
- ORM frameworks
  - Java
    - Spring Boot
    - Spring Batch
    - Use Spring JDBC to connect to OceanBase Database
    - Spring Data JPA
    - Hibernate
    - MyBatis
    - jOOQ
  - Python
    - Use SQLAlchemy to connect to OceanBase Database
    - Connect to OceanBase Database by using peewee
    - Use Tortoise ORM to connect to OceanBase Database
  - Go
    - Connect to OceanBase Database by using GORM
    - beego ORM
  - Rust
    - SeaORM Connection to OceanBase Database
    - Diesel Connection to OceanBase Database
  - Ruby
    - Active Record
    - Sequel Connection to OceanBase Database
    - Connect to OceanBase Database by using Ruby on Rails
  - Node.js
    - Sequelize
    - TypeORM
    - Prisma
    - Drizzle
  - C#
    - Dapper
    - SqlSugar
    - FreeSQL
  - PHP
    - Connect to OceanBase Database by using the Yii 2.0 ORM
    - Connect to OceanBase Database by using Laravel Eloquent ORM
    - CakePHP
- Database version management
  - Liquibase
  - Flyway
- Data integration
  - Flink
    - Apache Flink
    - Flink DirectLoad
    - Flink Connector OceanBase
  - dbt
  - SeaTunnel
  - Dataphin
  - Maxwell
  - Debezium
  - Spark Catalog
  - NiFi
  - Qlik Replicate
  - RisingWave CDC
  - Flume
  - Migrate data from SQL Server to OceanBase Database by using MySQL Workbench
- SQL development
  - WebLogic
  - DBeaver
  - Navicat
  - DataGrip
  - TablePlus
  - DMS
- Orchestration and scheduling
  - Airflow
  - PowerJob
  - DolphinScheduler
  - Linkis
- Visualization tools
  - Superset
  - Excel
  - Power BI
  - Quick BI
  - Tableau
  - GuanData
  - vividime
  - DataV
  - Metabase
  - Redash
  - FineReport
- Database management
  - NineData
  - Bytebase
  - DataHub
  - Zabbix
- AI
  - OpenAI
  - Qwen
  - LangChain
  - LlamaIndex
  - Dify
  - n8n
  - Trae
  - SpringAI
  - Cline
  - Cursor
  - Continue
  - MCP Toolbox
  - CamelAI
  - Firecrawl
  - Hugging Face
  - Ollama
  - Google Gemini
  - Cloudflare Workers AI
  - DB GPT
  - Jina AI
  - Augment Code
  - Claude Code
  - Kiro
  - GPT4All
- Platform application
  - Ghost
  - Jira
  - Seata
  - SAP Crystal Reports
- Middleware
  - Apache Pulsar
Tutorials
- Build an image search application with OceanBase Database
- Build an intelligent Q&A chatbot with OceanBase
- Build a cultural tourism assistant with OceanBase multi-model integration
- Build a real-time data warehouse and visual dashboard with OceanBase
- Analyze data in OceanBase Database using Superset
- Build a WordPress website with OceanBase Database
- Use full-text indexes to implement efficient search for massive news data
- Quickly process and analyze massive data in OceanBase Database by using Spark
- Use direct load to accelerate massive data import
Reference
- OceanBase concepts
  - OceanBase Database architecture
  - Development of OceanBase Database
  - Multi-tenant architecture
    - Overview
    - Compatibility modes
    - Tenants
    - Tenants and resource management
      - Tenant resource management
      - Multi-tenant resource isolation
      - Resource unit balancing
  - Database objects
    - Oracle mode
      - Introduction
        Overview
        Database object types
        Database object storage
        Dependencies between database objects
      - Tables
        Overview
        Data type
        Overview
        Character data types
        Numeric data types
        Datetime data types
        ROWID data types
        LOB data types
        Format model
        Overview
        Number format models
        Datetime format models
        Multi-model data types
        Integrity constraints
        Table storage
        Table compression
        Partitioned table
        Replicated table
        Tables with and without a primary key
        Temporary tables
        Table groups
      - Indexes
        Overview of indexes
        Local and global indexes
        Unique and non-unique indexes
        Use indexes
        Index storage
      - Partitions
        Overview
        Partitioning keys
        Partitioning types
        Partitioned indexes
        External table partitions
      - Views
        Views in a database
        Standard views
        Standard views
        Overview
        OceanBase-specific views
        Oracle-compatible views
        View operations and data access
        Materialized views
        Materialized views
        Materialized view logs
        Creation and update strategies for materialized views
      - Other objects
        Sequences
        Synonyms
      - System views
        Dictionary views
        Performance views
      - Data integrity
        Overview
        Integrity constraint type
        Overview
        NOT NULL constraints
        UNIQUE KEY constraints
        PRIMARY KEY constraints
        FOREIGN KEY constraints
        CHECK constraints
        Use of integrity constraints
    - MySQL mode
      - Introduction
        Overview
        Database object types
        Database object storage
        Dependencies between database objects
      - Tables
        Overview
        Data type
        Overview
        Numeric data types
        Datetime data types
        Character data types
        LOB data types
        Multi-model data types
        Spatial data types
        JSON data types
        Integrity constraints
        Table storage
        Table compression
        Partitioned table
        Replicated table
        Tables with and without a primary key
        Temporary tables
        Table groups
      - Indexes
        Overview of indexes
        Local and global indexes
        Unique and non-unique indexes
        Spatial indexes
        Full-text indexing
        Use indexes
        Index storage
      - Partitions
        Overview
        Partitioning keys
        Partitioning types
        Partitioned indexes
        External table partitions
      - Views
        Views in a database
        Standard views
        Overview
        Overview
        OceanBase-specific views
        MySQL-compatible views
        Oracle-compatible views in MySQL tenants
        Oracle-compatible views in the sys tenant
        View operations and data access
        Materialized views
        Materialized views
        Materialized view logs
        Creation and update strategies for materialized views
      - System views
        Dictionary views
        Performance views
      - Data integrity
        Overview
        Integrity constraint type
        Overview
        NOT NULL constraints
        UNIQUE KEY constraints
        PRIMARY KEY constraints
        Foreign key constraints
        Use of integrity constraints
  - Distributed database objects
    - Overview
    - Cluster architecture
    - Data partitions and replicas
      - Overview
      - Log streams
      - Partition replica type
        Overview
        Full-featured replica
        Read-only replicas
        Columnstore replica
      - Multi-replica consensus protocols
      - Data balancing
        Intra-tenant balancing
        Views and parameters related to data balancing
    - Dynamic scaling
      - Cluster scaling
      - Tenant resource scaling
        Overview
        Horizontal scaling of tenant resources
        Vertical scaling of tenant resources
        Cross-zone management of tenant resources
  - Data link
    - Overview
    - Database proxy
      - Overview
      - SQL routing
      - Connection management
      - ODP configuration management
      - Logs and monitoring
    - Database connector
      - Overview
      - OBCI
      - OceanBase Connector/J
      - OceanBase Connector/C
    - Cross-data source access through DBLink
      - DBLink in MySQL mode
      - DBLink in Oracle mode
  - User interface and query language
    - SQL
      - Introduction
        Overview
        SQL data access
        SQL standards
      - SQL statements
        Overview
        DDL statements
        Monitor DDL execution progress
        DML statements
        DCL
      - Execution process of SQL queries
      - Query SQL execution plans
      - Distributed execution plan
        Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
        Generate distributed execution plans
        Enable and disable parallel queries
        Manage distributed execution plans
        Optimize parameters for parallel query
    - PL
      - PL concepts
        Oracle mode
        Subprograms
        Stored procedures
        Functions
        Trigger
        Packages
        MySQL mode
        Subprograms
        Stored procedures
        Functions
        Triggers
      - PL subprogram execution mechanism
    - Client programming languages
  - Transaction management
    - Transaction
      - Overview
      - Transaction structure
      - Statement-level atomicity
      - GTS
      - Transaction control
        Overview
        Active transactions
        Savepoint
        Transaction control statements
        MySQL transaction control
        Oracle transaction control
      - Redo logs
      - Local transactions
      - Distributed transaction
        Overview
        Two-phase commit
      - XA transactions
    - Transaction concurrency and consistency
      - Overview
      - Multi-version read consistency
      - Concurrency control
        Overview
        Lock mechanism
      - Transaction isolation level
        Overview
        Transaction isolation levels in Oracle mode
        Transaction isolation levels in MySQL mode
      - Weak-consistency read
  - Storage architecture
    - Overview
    - Data storage
      - Data storage overview
      - MemTables
      - SSTables
      - Columnar storage
      - Compression and encoding
    - Compaction
      - Overview
      - Compaction
      - Major compaction
    - Multi-level caching in shared-nothing architecture
    - Query processing
    - Data integrity
      - Detect silent data corruption
  - Data reliability and high availability
    - High availability architecture
      - Overview
      - ODP high availability
      - Leader election in distributed systems
      - Multi-replica log synchronization
      - Paxos protocol
      - Automatic handling of node failures
    - Deployment solutions for disaster recovery
    - Data protection
      - Overview
      - Flashback queries
      - Recycle bin
    - Backup and restore
      - Overview
      - Backup directory structure
      - Backup architecture
      - Restore process
    - Arbitration-based high availability solution
    - Physical Standby Database solution
  - Database security
    - Overview
    - Authentication
    - Access control
    - Data transmission encryption
    - Data storage encryption
    - Monitoring and alerting
    - Security audit
  - OBServer node architecture
    - Structure of the OBServer node installation directory
    - Configuration file
    - observer thread model
      - Threads
      - Worker threads
      - Background threads
    - Logs
    - Memory management
      - Overview
      - Memory-related parameters
      - Memory-related views
      - Memory usage logs
      - Diagnose memory errors
    - Plugin mechanism
  - OceanBase plugin mechanism
- System management
  - Configuration management
    - Overview
    - Set parameters
    - Set variables
  - Storage management
    - Minor compaction management
      - Overview
      - Automatically trigger a minor compaction
      - Manually initiate a minor compaction
      - View minor compaction information
      - Modify minor compaction parameters
    - Major compaction management
      - Major compaction overview
      - Automatically trigger a major compaction
      - Configure scheduled major compactions
      - Adaptive major compactions
      - Manually initiate a major compaction
      - Manually control a major compaction
      - View major compaction information
      - Modify major compaction settings
    - Data compression
      - Overview
      - Data encoding and compression
  - Memory management
    - Overview
    - Memory structure
    - Set the maximum memory for an OceanBase database
    - Manage internal system memory
    - Memory management in a tenant
    - Manage the memory of the plan cache
    - Memleak-based regular memory leak diagnostics mechanism
    - Query memory usage information
    - FAQ about memory
  - Process management
    - Overview
    - Multi-tenant threads of OceanBase Database
    - View the thread status
    - Background threads of OceanBase Database
    - FAQ about multi-tenant threads
  - Disk management
    - Configure automatic scale-out of disk space for data files
    - View the disk space used by a tenant or table
- Database object management
  - MySQL mode
    - Create and manage databases
      - Create a database
      - View databases
      - Modify a database
      - Drop a database
    - Create and manage tables
      - Overview
      - Create a table
      - Column skip index attribute
      - Define an auto-increment column
      - Define column constraints
      - Query tables
      - Modify a table
      - Change the attribute of a table
      - Empty a table
      - Drop a table
      - Lock a table
      - Create and manage external tables
        External tables
        Create an external table
        Add partitions for an external table
        Manage external files
        Data type mapping
    - Create and manage partitions
      - Overview
      - Create a partitioned table
      - Partition splitting
        Overview
        Manual partition splitting
        Automatic partition splitting
      - Dynamic partitioning
        Overview of dynamic partitioning
        Create a dynamic partitioned table
        Query a dynamic partitioned table
        Modify a dynamic partitioned table
        Dynamic partition management tasks
      - Modify partitioning rules
      - Add a partition
      - Delete partitions
      - Truncate partition
      - Partition pruning
      - Query data in specified partitions
      - Create indexes on partitioned tables
        Overview
        Local indexes
        Global indexes
      - Partition exchange
    - Create and manage table groups
      - Overview
      - Create a table group
      - Query information about a table group
      - Add tables to a table group
      - Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
      - Manage tables in a table group
      - Drop a table group
    - Create and manage indexes
      - Overview
      - Create an index
      - Query indexes
      - Monitor indexes
      - Drop an index
      - System functions supported for function-based indexes
      - System functions not supported for function-based indexes
    - Manage views
      - Manage standard views
      - Manage materialized views
        Overview of materialized views
        Materialized view log
        Automatic management of materialized view logs
        Create a materialized view
        Refresh materialized views
        Rewrite queries based on materialized views
        Query materialized views
        Modify the attributes of a materialized view
        Drop a materialized view
    - Create and manage sequences
      - Create a sequence
      - Query sequences
      - Reference a sequence
      - Modify a sequence
      - Drop a sequence
    - Create and manage triggers
      - Overview
      - Create a DML trigger
      - Query trigger information
      - Drop a trigger
    - Create and manage DBLinks
      - Create a DBLink
      - Query existing DBLinks
      - Manage DBLinks
      - Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
      - Drop a DBLink
    - Create and manage catalogs
      - Catalog overview
      - Create a catalog
      - View a catalog
      - Delete a catalog
  - Oracle mode
    - Create and manage tables
      - Overview
      - Create a table
      - Column skip index attribute
      - Define column constraints
      - Query the definition of a table
      - Modify a table
      - Change the attribute of a table
      - Empty a table
      - Drop a table
      - Lock a table
      - Create and manage external tables
        Overview
        Create an external table
        Add partitions for an external table
        Manage external files
        Data type mapping
    - Create and manage partitions
      - Overview
      - Create a partitioned table
      - Partition splitting
        Overview
        Manual partition splitting
        Automatic subpartition splitting
      - Dynamic partitioning
        Overview of dynamic partitioning
        Create a dynamic partitioned table
        Query a dynamic partitioned table
        Modify a dynamic partitioned table
        Dynamic partition management tasks
      - Modify partitioning rules
      - Rename a partition
      - Add a partition
      - Drop a partition
      - Truncate partitions
      - Partition pruning
      - Query data in specified partitions
      - Create indexes on partitioned tables
        Overview
        Local indexes
        Global indexes
      - Partition exchange
    - Create and manage table groups
      - Overview
      - Create a table group
      - Query information about a table group
      - Add tables to a table group
      - Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
      - Manage tables in a table group
      - Drop a table group
    - Create and manage indexes
      - Overview
      - Create an index
      - Query indexes
      - Monitor indexes
      - Drop an index
      - System functions supported for function-based indexes
      - System functions not supported for function-based indexes
    - Manage views
      - Manage standard views
      - Manage materialized views
        Overview of materialized views
        Materialized view logs
        Automatic management of materialized view logs
        Create a materialized view
        Refresh a materialized view
        Rewrite queries based on materialized views
        Query materialized views
        Modify the attributes of a materialized view
        Drop a materialized view
    - Manage sequences
    - Manage synonyms
    - Create and manage triggers
      - Overview
      - Create a DML trigger
      - Create an INSTEAD OF trigger
      - Create a composite trigger
      - Modify and drop a trigger
      - Disable or enable a trigger
      - Query trigger information
    - Manage directory objects
    - Create and manage DBLinks
      - Create a DBLink
      - Query existing DBLinks
      - Manage DBLinks
      - Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
      - Use a DBLink to modify the data in a remote database
      - Drop a DBLink
      - Install and configure OCI
- Database design specifications and practices
  - Object naming conventions
    - Overview
    - Tenant naming conventions
    - User naming conventions
    - Table naming conventions
    - Field naming conventions
    - Other naming conventions
  - Object structure design specifications
    - Field design
    - Table structure design
    - Partitioned table design
    - Index design
    - Other structural designs
  - Character set specifications
  - Database connection specifications
  - Comments
  - ORM conventions
  - Exception handling
- SQL reference
  - Introduction to SQL
  - SQL syntax
    - System tenants
      - Overview
      - ALTER SYSTEM
        ACTIVATE STANDBY
        ADD REPLICA
        ADD RESTORE SOURCE
        SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST
        SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE
        ARCHIVELOG
        NOARCHIVELOG
        ARBITRATION
        BOOTSTRAP
        BACKUP KEY
        BACKUP
        BACKUP CLUSTER PARAMETERS
        BALANCE TASK
        CANCEL BACKUP
        CANCEL BALANCE JOB
        CANCEL DELETE BACKUP
        CANCEL MIGRATE UNIT
        CANCEL REPLICA TASK
        CANCEL RESTORE
        CANCEL RECOVER TABLE
        CANCEL TRANSFER PARTITION
        CLEAR RESTORE SOURCE
        MAJOR and MINOR
        MIGRATE REPLICA
        MIGRATE UNIT
        MODIFY PAXOS_REPLICA_NUM
        MODIFY REPLICA
        MODULE DATA
        DELETE BACKUP POLICY
        FLUSH PLAN CACHE
        JOB
        SET LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
        PARAMETER
        RECOVER STANDBY
        RECOVER STANDBY CANCEL
        REMOVE REPLICA
        REFRESH
        RESTORE
        RESTORE PREVIEW
        RECOVER TABLE
        SET DATA_BACKUP_DEST
        SERVER
        SERVICE_NAME
        SWITCHOVER
        THROTTLE
        TRANSFER PARTITION
        WASH MEMORY FRAGMENTATION
        ZONE
      - ALTER RESOURCE POOL
      - ALTER RESOURCE TENANT
      - ALTER RESOURCE UNIT
      - ALTER TENANT
      - CREATE RESOURCE POOL
      - CREATE RESOURCE UNIT
      - CREATE TENANT
      - CREATE STANDBY TENANT
      - DROP RESOURCE POOL
      - DROP RESOURCE UNIT
      - DROP TENANT
      - SET DECRYPTION
      - SET ENCRYPTION
      - SHOW RESTORE PREVIEW
    - User tenants (MySQL mode)
      - Basic elements
        Data types
        Overview
        Numeric types
        Overview
        Integer data types
        Fixed-point data types
        Floating-point data types
        Bit value data type
        Datetime types
        Overview
        DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP types
        TIME type
        YEAR type
        String types
        Overview
        CHAR and VARCHAR
        BINARY and VARBINARY
        Large objects and text types
        Overview
        BLOB types
        TEXT types
        STRING types
        LOB types
        ENUM type
        SET type
        JSON data types
        Overview
        Create a JSON value
        Query and modify JSON values
        Convert a JSON data type
        Update partial JSON data
        Spatial data types
        Overview
        SRS
        Create a spatial column
        Create a spatial index
        Spatial data formats
        Roaring bitmap types
        Overview
        Create a highly compressed bitmap column
        Array data types
        Overview of array element types
        Create an array column
        Map data types
        Overview of the map data type
        ## Create map columns
        Expressions
        Overview
        Expression syntax
        Data type conversion rules
        Character set and collation
        Overview
        CHARACTER SET
        Collations
        Database-level character set and collation
        Table-level character set and collation
        Column-level character sets and collations
        Character sets and collations for character expressions
        Character sets and collations for client connection
        Literals
        Overview
        Strings
        Numbers
        Datetime values
        Bit values
        Boolean values
        NULLs
        Schema object names
        User-defined variables
        Comments
      - Operators
        Overview of operators
        Operator precedence
        Arithmetic operators
        Bitwise operators
        Comparison operators
        Logical operators
        Assignment operators
        Date and time operators
        Concatenation operators
        BINARY operator
        CASE conditional operator
      - Functions
        Overview
        Single-row functions
        Datetime functions
        ADDDATE
        CONVERT_TZ
        CURDATE
        CURRENT_DATE
        CURRENT_TIME
        CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
        CURTIME
        DATE
        DATE_ADD
        DATE_FORMAT
        DATE_SUB
        DATEDIFF
        DAYOFMONTH
        DAYOFWEEK
        DAYOFYEAR
        EXTRACT
        FROM_DAYS
        FROM_UNIXTIME
        GET_FORMAT
        HOUR
        LAST_DAY
        LOCALTIME
        LOCALTIMESTAMP
        MAKEDATE
        MAKETIME
        MICROSECOND
        MINUTE
        MONTH
        MONTHNAME
        NOW
        PERIOD_ADD
        PERIOD_DIFF
        QUARTER
        SEC_TO_TIME
        SECOND
        STR_TO_DATE
        SUBDATE
        SUBTIME
        SYSDATE
        TIME
        TIME_FORMAT
        TIME_TO_SEC
        TIME_TO_USEC
        TIMEDIFF
        TIMESTAMP
        TIMESTAMPADD
        TIMESTAMPDIFF
        TO_DAYS
        TO_SECONDS
        UNIX_TIMESTAMP
        USEC_TO_TIME
        UTC_DATE
        UTC_TIME
        UTC_TIMESTAMP
        WEEK
        WEEKDAY
        WEEKOFYEAR
        YEARWEEK
        YEAR
        ADDTIME
        DAYNAME
        DAY
        String functions
        ASCII
        BIN
        BIT_LENGTH
        CHAR
        CHAR_LENGTH
        CHARACTER_LENGTH
        CONCAT
        CONCAT_WS
        ELT
        EXPORT_SET
        FIELD
        FIND_IN_SET
        FORMAT
        HEX
        INSERT
        INSTR
        INT2IP
        IP2INT
        KEYVALUE
        LCASE
        LEFT
        LENGTH
        LOCATE
        LOWER
        LPAD
        LTRIM
        MAKE_SET
        MD5_CONCAT_WS
        MID
        OCT
        OCTET_LENGTH
        ORD
        POSITION
        QUOTE
        REGEXP
        REGEXP_INSTR
        REGEXP_LIKE
        REGEXP_REPLACE
        REGEXP_SUBSTR
        REPEAT
        REPLACE
        REVERSE
        RIGHT
        RLIKE
        RPAD
        RTRIM
        SPACE
        SPLIT_PART
        STRCMP
        SUBSTR
        SUBSTRING
        SUBSTRING_INDEX
        TRIM
        UCASE
        UNHEX
        UPPER
        URL_DECODE
        URL_ENCODE
        WEIGHT_STRING
        TO_BASE64
        FROM_BASE64
        SOUNDEX
        Conversion functions
        CAST
        CONVERT
        DECODE_TRACE_ID
        SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
        TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
        TO_CHAR(character)
        TO_CHAR(number)
        TO_CHAR(datetime)
        Mathematical functions
        ABS
        ACOS
        ASIN
        ATAN
        ATAN2
        BIT_COUNT
        CEIL
        CEILING
        CONV
        COS
        COT
        CRC32
        DEGREES
        EXP
        FLOOR
        GENERATOR
        LN
        LOG
        LOG10
        LOG2
        MOD
        NEG
        NORMAL
        PI
        POW
        POWER
        RADIANS
        RAND
        RANDOM
        RANDSTR
        ROUND
        SIGN
        SIN
        SQRT
        TAN
        TRUNCATE
        UNIFORM
        ZIPF
        Comparison functions
        GREATEST
        INTERVAL
        ISNULL
        LEAST
        Process control functions
        CASE
        IF
        IFNULL
        NULLIF
        ORA_DECODE
        Aggregate functions
        APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
        AVG
        BIT_AND
        BIT_OR
        BIT_XOR
        COUNT
        GROUP_CONCAT
        GROUPING
        MAX
        MIN
        STD
        STDDEV
        STDDEV_POP
        STDDEV_SAMP
        SUM
        VAR_POP
        VAR_SAMP
        VARIANCE
        Analysis functions
        APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
        AVG
        BIT_AND
        BIT_OR
        BIT_XOR
        COUNT
        CUME_DIST
        DENSE_RANK
        FIRST_VALUE
        LAG
        LAST_VALUE
        LEAD
        MAX
        MIN
        NTH_VALUE
        NTILE
        PERCENT_RANK
        PERCENTILE_CONT
        RANK
        ROW_NUMBER
        STD
        STDDEV
        STDDEV_POP
        STDDEV_SAMP
        SUM
        VAR_POP
        VAR_SAMP
        VARIANCE
        Encryption functions
        AES_DECRYPT
        AES_ENCRYPT
        COMPRESS
        DECODE
        DES_DECRYPT
        DES_ENCRYPT
        ENCODE
        ENCRYPT
        ENHANCED_AES_ENCRYPT
        ENHANCED_AES_DECRYPT
        MD5
        PASSWORD
        UNCOMPRESS
        UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH
        RANDOM_BYTES
        SHA
        SHA1
        SHA2
        VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH
        SM3
        SM4_ENCRYPT
        SM4_DECRYPT
        Information functions
        BENCHMARK
        CHARSET
        COERCIBILITY
        COLLATION
        CONNECTION_ID
        CURRENT_ROLE
        CURRENT_USER
        DATABASE
        FOUND_ROWS
        LAST_INSERT_ID
        LAST_INSERT_ID Behavior Description
        ICU_VERSION
        OB_TRANSACTION_ID
        ROW_COUNT
        SCHEMA
        SESSION_USER
        SYSTEM_USER
        USER
        VERSION
        OB_VERSION
        JSON functions
        Overview
        Functions for creating JSON text
        JSON_ARRAY
        JSON_OBJECT
        JSON_QUOTE
        Functions for searching JSON text
        JSON_CONTAINS
        JSON_CONTAINS_PATH
        JSON_EXTRACT
        JSON_KEYS
        JSON_OVERLAPS
        JSON_SEARCH
        JSON_VALUE
        MEMBER OF
        Functions for modifying JSON text
        JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
        JSON_APPEND
        JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
        JSON_INSERT
        JSON_MERGE
        JSON_MERGE_PATCH
        JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE
        JSON_REMOVE
        JSON_REPLACE
        JSON_SET
        JSON_UNQUOTE
        Functions for returning JSON text properties
        JSON_DEPTH
        JSON_LENGTH
        JSON_TYPE
        JSON_VALID
        `JSON_TABLE`
        JSON utility functions
        JSON_PRETTY
        JSON_STORAGE_SIZE
        JSON aggregate functions
        JSON_ARRAYAGG
        JSON_OBJECTAGG
        JSON schema validation functions
        JSON_SCHEMA_VALID
        JSON_SCHEMA_VALIDATION_REPORT
        XML functions
        Overview
        Functions for querying XML data
        EXTRACTVALUE
        Functions for modifying XML data
        UPDATEXML
        Table functions
        Overview of TABLE FUNCTIONS
        FILES table function
        Spatial functions
        Overview
        Functions that create geometry values
        Spatial operation functions
        Spatial relation functions
        Geometry property functions
        Geometry format conversion functions
        Spatial analysis functions
        Spatial constructor functions
        Spatial accessor functions
        Spatial format conversion functions
        Geometry processing functions
        _ST_GeoHash
        Performance schema functions
        FORMAT_BYTES
        FORMAT_PICO_TIME
        Lock functions
        Overview of lock functions
        GET_LOCK
        IS_FREE_LOCK
        IS_USED_LOCK
        RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS
        RELEASE_LOCK
        Bitmap functions
        Overview
        Bitmap constructors
        Bitmap cardinality functions
        Roaring bitmap operation functions
        Roaring bitmap judgment functions
        Roaring bitmap output functions
        Roaring bitmap aggregate functions
        Array functions
        Overview
        Array constructor functions
        Array judgment functions
        Array output functions
        Array functions
        Text processing functions
        TOKENIZE
        Audit functions
        Overview
        AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_FILTER
        AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_USER
        AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_FILTER
        AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_USER
        Map functions
        Overview of map functions
        Mapping constructor
        Mapping comparison functions and operators
        Mapping operation functions
        Sequence functions
        NEXTVAL(SEQ) function
        CURRVAL(SEQ) function
        Other functions
        ANY_VALUE
        BIN_TO_UUID
        COALESCE
        DEFAULT
        NAME_CONST
        INET_ATON
        INET_NTOA
        INET6_ATON
        INET6_NTOA
        IS_IPV4
        IS_IPV4_COMPAT
        IS_IPV6
        IS_UUID
        MATCH AGAINST
        NVL
        UUID_TO_BIN
        SLEEP
        UUID
        UUID_SHORT
        VALUES
      - Queries and subqueries
        Overview
        Subqueries
        Joins
        Full-text queries
      - SQL statements
        General syntax
        Common table expressions
        ALTER COMPILE
        ALTER DATABASE
        ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
        ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
        ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
        ALTER OUTLINE
        ALTER SENSITIVE RULE
        ALTER SEQUENCE
        ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
        MAJOR and MINOR
        ALTER TABLE
        ALTER TABLEGROUP
        ALTER TABLESPACE
        ALTER USER
        ALTER VIEW
        ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY
        ANALYZE
        CACHE INDEX
        CREATE CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
        CREATE DATABASE LINK
        CREATE DATABASE
        CREATE EXTERNAL CATALOG
        CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
        CREATE INDEX
        CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
        CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
        CREATE OUTLINE
        CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
        CREATE RESTORE POINT
        CREATE ROLE
        CREATE SEQUENCE
        CREATE SENSITIVE RULE
        CREATE TABLE
        CREATE TABLEGROUP
        CREATE TABLESPACE
        CREATE USER
        CREATE VIEW
        CHECKSUM TABLE
        CREATE EVENT
        DEALLOCATE PREPARE
        DROP DATABASE LINK
        DELETE
        DESCRIBE
        DROP CATALOG
        DROP CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
        DROP DATABASE
        DROP INDEX
        DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
        DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
        DROP OUTLINE
        DROP ROLE
        DROP SENSITIVE RULE
        DROP TABLE
        DROP TABLEGROUP
        DROP TABLESPACE
        DROP SEQUENCE
        DROP USER
        DROP VIEW
        DROP RESTORE POINT
        EXECUTE
        EXPLAIN
        FLASHBACK
        FLUSH TABLE
        GRANT
        HELP
        INSERT
        KILL
        LOAD DATA
        LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE
        LOCK TABLES
        OPTIMIZE
        PREPARE
        PURGE
        PURGE RECYCLEBIN
        RENAME USER
        RENAME TABLE
        REPLACE
        REPAIR TABLE
        REVOKE
        SAVEPOINT
        SCHEMA
        SELECT INTO
        SELECT
        SELECT
        JOIN clause
        WINDOW clause
        UNION clause
        SET DEFAULT ROLE
        SET
        SET CATALOG
        SET CHARSET
        SET NAMES
        SET PASSWORD
        SET ROLE
        SET TRANSACTION
        SHOW
        SUBMIT JOB
        SHOW JOB STATUS
        CANCEL JOB
        TRANSACTION
        TRUNCATE TABLE
        UNLOCK TABLES
        UPDATE
        USE
        VALUES
        XA TRANSACTION
      - DDL feature
        Overview
        Online and offline DDL operations
        Index operations
        Primary key operations
        Column operations
        Generated column operations
        Foreign key operations
        Table operations
        Partition operations
        Column type change rules
        Conversion rules for numeric data types
      - Pseudocolumns
        Overview of pseudocolumns
        PARTITIONID pseudo column
        Sequence pseudo columns
    - User tenants (Oracle mode)
      - Pseudocolumns
        Overview
        Hierarchical query pseudocolumns
        Sequence pseudocolumns
        ORA_ROWSCN pseudocolumn
        ROWNUM pseudocolumn
        ROWID pseudocolumn
        PARTITIONID pseudocolumns
      - Basic elements
        Built-in data types
        Overview
        Character data types
        Overview
        CHAR data type
        NCHAR data type
        NVARCHAR2 data type
        VARCHAR2 data type
        VARCHAR data type
        Numeric data types
        Overview
        NUMBER data type
        FLOAT data type
        Floating-point numbers
        Precedence of numeric data types
        Datetime and interval data types
        Overview
        DATE data type
        TIMESTAMP data type
        TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type
        TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data type
        INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type
        INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type
        Calculation of dates, timestamps, and intervals
        RAW data type
        Large object data types
        Overview
        BLOB data type
        CLOB data type
        LOB types
        Rowid data types
        User-defined data types
        Any types
        JSON data types
        Overview
        Create a column of the JSON data type
        Query JSON data
        Conversion rules for JSON data types
        XML data types
        Overview
        XML data definition
        Create a column of the XMLType data type
        Query XMLType data
        Conversion of XMLType data
        Spatial data types
        Overview
        Create a spatial column
        SDO_GEOMETRY attribute access
        Create a spatial index
        Data type comparison rules
        Overview
        Numeric value comparison rules
        Date value comparison rules
        Character value comparison rules
        Data type precedence
        Data type conversion rules
        Security considerations for data conversion
        Literals
        Overview
        Text literals
        Numeric literals
        Datetime literals
        Date literals
        Timestamp literals
        Interval literals
        Format model
        Overview
        Number format models
        Datetime format models
        RR datetime format element
        String-to-date conversion rules
        NULL value
        Overview
        NULLs in SQL functions
        NULLs in comparison conditions
        NULLs in conditional expressions
        Annotations
        Overview
        Comments for SQL statements
        Comments on schema and non-schema objects
        Hints
        Overview
        Use query block name and QB_NAME hint to control query optimization
        Hint list
        Global hints
        Optimizer Stats Hint
        Transform Hint
        Other hints under the GLOBAL hint
        Optimized hints
        Access path hints under the Optimized Hint type
        Join Order Hints in the Optimized Hint Category
        Join operation hints in the Optimized Hint category
        Subquery hints under the Optimized Hint category
        Group By Hint
        DISTINCT hint
        Set Hint
        Distributed DML hints in the Optimized Hint category
        Transform hints
        Stmt Transform Hint
        Cost Based Transform Hint
        Heuristics transform hints
        Other hints under the Transform Hint type
        Outline related hints
        Other hints
        Database objects
        Schema objects
        Non-schema objects
        Database naming conventions
        Overview
        Suggestions on schema object names
        Database object reference methods
        Overview
        Reference schema objects
        Reference objects in a remote database
        Create a DBLink
        Reference a DBLink
        Refer to partitioned tables and indexes
        Reference an attribute or method of an object type
        Character sets and collations
      - Operators
        Overview of operators
        Operator precedence
        Arithmetic operators
        Concatenation operator
        Hierarchical query operators
        Set operators
        COLLATE operator
      - Functions
        Overview
        Single-row functions
        Numeric functions
        ABS
        ACOS
        ASIN
        ATAN
        ATAN2
        BITAND
        CEIL
        COS
        COSH
        EXP
        FLOOR
        GENERATOR
        LN
        LOG
        MOD
        NANVL
        NORMAL
        POWER
        REMAINDER
        ROUND
        RANDOM
        RANDSTR
        SIGN
        SIN
        SINH
        SQRT
        TAN
        TANH
        TRUNC
        UNIFORM
        WIDTH_BUCKET
        ZIPF
        String functions that return a string
        CHR
        CONCAT
        INITCAP
        LOWER
        LPAD
        LTRIM
        NLS_LOWER
        NLSSORT
        NLS_UPPER
        REGEXP_REPLACE
        REGEXP_SUBSTR
        REPLACE
        RPAD
        RTRIM
        SUBSTR
        TRANSLATE
        TRANSLATE ... USING
        TRIM
        UPPER
        String functions that return numbers
        ASCII
        INSTR
        LENGTH
        REGEXP_COUNT
        REGEXP_INSTR
        Datetime functions
        ADD_MONTHS
        CURRENT_DATE
        CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
        DBTIMEZONE
        EXTRACT(datetime)
        FROM_TZ
        LAST_DAY
        LOCALTIMESTAMP
        MONTHS_BETWEEN
        NEXT_DAY
        NUMTODSINTERVAL
        NUMTOYMINTERVAL
        ROUND (date)
        SESSIONTIMEZONE
        SYS_EXTRACT_UTC
        SYSDATE
        SYSTIMESTAMP
        TO_CHAR(datetime)
        TO_DSINTERVAL
        TO_TIMESTAMP
        TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
        TO_YMINTERVAL
        TRUNC (date)
        TZ_OFFSET
        Generic comparison functions
        GREATEST
        LEAST
        Conversion functions
        ASCIISTR
        CAST
        CHARTOROWID
        CONVERT
        HEXTORAW
        NUMTODSINTERVAL
        NUMTOYMINTERVAL
        RAWTOHEX
        ROWIDTOCHAR
        ROWIDTONCHAR
        SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
        TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
        TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
        TO_BINARY_FLOAT
        TO_BLOB
        TO_CHAR(character)
        TO_CHAR(datetime)
        TO_CHAR(number)
        TO_CLOB
        TO_DATE
        TO_DSINTERVAL
        TO_MULTI_BYTE
        TO_NUMBER
        TO_NCHAR(character)
        TO_NCHAR(datetime)
        TO_NCHAR(number)
        TO_SINGLE_BYTE
        TO_TIMESTAMP
        TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
        TO_YMINTERVAL
        UNISTR
        Encoding and decoding functions
        DECODE
        DUMP
        ORA_HASH
        VSIZE
        Null value related functions
        COALESCE
        LNNVL
        NANVL
        NULLIF
        NVL
        NVL2
        Environment and identifier functions
        SYS_CONTEXT
        SYS_GUID
        UID
        USER
        USERENV
        OB_VERSION
        Hierarchical functions
        SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
        JSON functions
        Overview
        Create JSON text functions
        JSON_ARRAY
        JSON_OBJECT
        JSON_ARRAYAGG
        JSON_OBJECTAGG
        Query JSON text functions
        JSON_VALUE
        JSON_QUERY
        JSON_EXISTS
        JSON_TABLE
        Validate JSON text functions
        JSON_EQUAL
        Modify JSON text functions
        JSON_MERGEPATCH
        XML functions
        Overview
        Construct XMLType data functions
        XMLAGG
        XMLATTRIBUTES
        XMLELEMENT
        XMLPARSE
        XMLCONCAT
        XMLFOREST
        Query XMLType data functions
        EXTRACT
        EXTRACTVALUE
        XMLSERIALIZE
        XMLCAST
        XMLTABLE
        XMLSEQUENCE
        EXISTSNODE
        Modify XMLType data functions
        UPDATEXML
        INSERTCHILDXML
        DELETEXML
        Spatial functions
        Overview of spatial functions
        Constructor functions
        Spatial query functions
        Format conversion functions
        Aggregate functions
        APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
        AVG
        CORR
        COUNT
        COVAR_POP
        COVAR_SAMP
        CUME_DIST
        DENSE_RANK
        GROUPING
        KEEP
        LISTAGG
        MAX
        MEDIAN
        MIN
        PERCENT_RANK
        PERCENTILE_CONT
        PERCENTILE_DISC
        RANK
        REGR_(Linear Regression)
        ROLLUP
        STDDEV
        STDDEV_POP
        STDDEV_SAMP
        SUM
        VAR_POP
        VAR_SAMP
        VARIANCE
        WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
        GROUP_ID
        GROUPING_ID
        Analysis functions
        Overview
        AVG
        CORR
        COUNT
        COVAR_POP
        COVAR_SAMP
        CUME_DIST
        DENSE_RANK
        FIRST_VALUE
        KEEP
        LAG
        LAST_VALUE
        LEAD
        LISTAGG
        MAX
        MEDIAN
        MIN
        NTILE
        NTH_VALUE
        PERCENT_RANK
        PERCENTILE_CONT
        PERCENTILE_DISC
        RANK
        RATIO_TO_REPORT
        REGR_(Linear Regression)
        ROW_NUMBER
        STDDEV
        STDDEV_POP
        STDDEV_SAMP
        SUM
        VAR_POP
        VAR_SAMP
        VARIANCE
        WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
        Information functions
        OB_TRANSACTION_ID
        Table functions
        Overview of TABLE FUNCTIONS
        FILES table function
        Sequence functions
        NEXTVAL(SEQ) function
        CURRVAL(SEQ) function
      - Expressions
        Overview
        Simple expressions
        Compound expressions
        Case expressions
        Column expressions
        CURSOR expressions
        Datetime expressions
        Function expressions
        Interval expressions
        Scalar subquery expressions
        Type constructor expressions
        Expression list
      - Conditions
        Overview
        Condition precedence
        Comparison conditions
        Floating-point conditions
        Logical conditions
        Pattern-matching conditions
        NULL conditions
        Compound conditions
        BETWEEN condition
        EXISTS condition
        IN condition
      - Queries and subqueries
        Overview
        Simple queries
        Hierarchical queries
        Composite queries
        JOIN queries
        Subqueries
        Lateral derived tables
        DUAL table query
      - SQL statements
        DDL
        ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
        ALTER INDEX
        ALTER KEYSTORE
        ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
        ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
        ALTER OUTLINE
        ALTER PROFILE
        ALTER ROLE
        ALTER SEQUENCE
        ALTER SESSION
        ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH CACHE
        ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
        ALTER SYSTEM SET PARAMETER
        ALTER TABLE
        ALTER TABLEGROUP
        ALTER TABLESPACE
        ALTER USER
        COMMENT
        CREATE CONTEXT
        CREATE CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
        CREATE DIRECTORY
        CREATE DATABASE LINK
        CREATE EXTERNAL CATALOG
        CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
        CREATE INDEX
        CREATE KEYSTORE
        CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
        CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
        CREATE OUTLINE
        CREATE PROFILE
        CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
        CREATE ROLE
        CREATE SEQUENCE
        CREATE SYNONYM
        CREATE TABLE
        CREATE TABLEGROUP
        CREATE TABLESPACE
        CREATE USER
        CREATE VIEW
        DROP CATALOG
        DROP CONTEXT
        DROP CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
        DROP DATABASE LINK
        DROP DIRECTORY
        DROP INDEX
        DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
        DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
        DROP OUTLINE
        DROP PROFILE
        DROP ROLE
        DROP SEQUENCE
        DROP SYNONYM
        DROP TABLE
        DROP TABLEGROUP
        DROP TABLESPACE
        DROP USER
        DROP VIEW
        RENAME
        TRUNCATE TABLE
        MAJOR and MINOR
        DML
        DELETE
        INSERT
        MERGE
        PURGE
        EXPLAIN
        SELECT
        SIMPLE SELECT
        Set-based SELECT
        WITH CLAUSE
        JOIN clause
        UPDATE
        DCL
        ANALYZE
        ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
        AUDIT
        COMMIT
        FLASHBACK TABLE BEFORE DROP
        GRANT
        KILL
        LOAD DATA
        LOCK TABLE
        REVOKE
        ROLLBACK
        SAVEPOINT
        SELECT INTO
        SET CATALOG
        SET NAMES
        SET PASSWORD
        SET ROLE
        SET VARIABLE
        SHOW
        SHRINK
        TRANSACTION
      - DDL feature
        Overview
        Online and offline DDL operations
        Index operations
        Primary key operations
        Column operations
        Generated column operations
        Foreign key operations
        Table operations
        Partition operations
        Column type change rules
        Conversion rules for numeric data types
  - SQL specifications and practices
    - Limitations on writing SQL statements
    - SQL writing specifications
      - SELECT statements
      - DML statement writing standards
      - DDL statements
      - Multi-table join statements
      - Table scan
      - Transactions
      - Cache
      - How to use hints
      - Others
    - SQL statement examples
      - Implicit data type conversion
      - Join tables
      - Weak consistency read
      - Paging
  - Reserved keywords (MySQL mode)
  - Reserved keywords (Oracle mode)
  - Data type conversion behavior in strict mode for MySQL tenants
- PL reference
  - What is PL
    - PL overview
    - Main features of PL
    - PL architecture
  - PL reference (MySQL mode)
    - Syntax of PL stored programs
    - PL stored procedures
      - Overview
      - Variables in stored programs
      - Stored procedures
      - Stored objects and privilege management
      - Stored functions
      - Triggers
      - EVENT
      - Limitations on stored programs
    - PL cursors
      - Overview
      - Cursor execution process
      - Limitations on server cursors
    - PL conditional control statements
      - CASE
      - IF
      - ITERATE
      - LEAVE
      - LOOP
      - REPEAT
      - RETURN
      - WHILE
    - PL data manipulation statements
      - CALL
      - DO
    - PL data definition statements
      - ALTER FUNCTION
      - ALTER PROCEDURE
      - CREATE FUNCTION
      - CREATE PROCEDURE
      - CREATE TRIGGER
      - DROP FUNCTION
      - DROP PROCEDURE
      - DROP TRIGGER
    - PL database management statements
      - SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
      - SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
      - SHOW CREATE TRIGGER
      - SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
      - SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
      - SHOW TRIGGERS
    - PL related dictionary views
      - INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS
      - INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES
      - INFORMATION_SCHEMA TRIGGERS
    - PL exception handling
      - Overview
      - DECLARE ... CONDITION
      - DECLARE ... HANDLER
      - GET DIAGNOSTICS
      - RESIGNAL
      - SIGNAL
      - Scope of procedures
      - Diagnostics area
      - Exception handling and OUT/INOUT parameters
      - Limitations on exception handling
    - PL system packages
      - Overview
      - DBMS_MVIEW
        Overview
        PURGE_LOG
        REFRESH
      - DBMS_MVIEW_STATS
        Overview
        PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
        SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
        SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
      - DBMS_PARTITION
        DBMS_PARTITION overview
        MANAGE_DYNAMIC_PARTITION
      - DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
        Overview
        CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
        CREATE_PLAN
        CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
        DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
        DELETE_PLAN
        DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
        SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
        UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
      - DBMS_SPM
        Overview
        ACCEPT_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
        ALTER_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
        CANCEL_EVOLVE_TASK
        CONFIGURE
        DROP_EVOLVE_TASK
        DROP_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
        LOAD_PLANS_FROM_CURSOR_CACHE
      - DBMS_STATS
        Overview
        ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
        CREATE_STAT_TABLE
        DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
        DELETE_INDEX_STATS
        DELETE_TABLE_STATS
        DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
        DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
        DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
        DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
        DROP_STAT_TABLE
        EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
        EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
        EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
        EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
        FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
        GATHER_INDEX_STATS
        GATHER_TABLE_STATS
        GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
        GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
        GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
        GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
        GET_PARAM
        GET_PREFS
        IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
        IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
        IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
        IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
        LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
        LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
        LOCK_TABLE_STATS
        RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
        RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
        RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
        RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
        PURGE_STATS
        SET_COLUMN_STATS
        SET_INDEX_STATS
        SET_TABLE_STATS
        SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
        SET_PARAM
        SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
        SET_SYSTEM_STATS
        SET_TABLE_PREFS
        UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
        UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
        UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
        CANCEL_GATHER_STATS
      - DBMS_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE_MANAGER
        Overview
        ADD_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
        DELETE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
        UPDATE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
      - DBMS_UDR
        Overview
        CREATE_RULE
        DISABLE_RULE
        ENABLE_RULE
        REMOVE_RULE
      - DBMS_VECTOR
        Overview of DBMS_VECTOR
        REFRESH_INDEX
        REBUILD_INDEX
        INDEX_VECTOR_MEMORY_ESTIMATE
        INDEX_VECTOR_MEMORY_ADVISOR
      - DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
        Overview
        ASH_REPORT
        CREATE_SNAPSHOT
        DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE
        MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS
      - DBMS_XPLAN
        Overview
        DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
        DISPLAY_CURSOR
        DISPLAY
        DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
        DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
        ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
        SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
      - DBMS_LIMIT_CALCULATOR
        Overview
        CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_UNIT
        CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_LOGIC_RES
        CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_STANDBY_TENANT
      - DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
        Overview
        AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
    - Reserved and non-reserved PL keywords
  - PL reference (Oracle mode)
    - PL language basics
      - Character sets
      - Lexical elements
      - Syntax
      - Reference identifiers
      - Identifier scope and visibility
      - Assignment
      - Expressions
      - PL blocks
      - Subprograms
      - Error-reporting functions
    - PL data types
      - Overview
      - SQL data types
      - LOB data types
      - BOOLEAN type
      - User-defined subtypes
      - PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER
      - Arrays
      - PL JSON data types
    - PL process control
      - Overview
      - Conditional control
      - Loop control
      - Sequential control
    - PL collections and records
      - Overview
      - Collections
      - Associative arrays
      - Varrays
      - Nested tables
      - Collection constructors
      - Collection methods
        Overview
        DELETE method
        TRIM method
        EXTEND method
        EXISTS method
        FIRST and LAST methods
        COUNT method
        LIMIT method
        PRIOR and NEXT methods
      - Records
      - Insert records into a table and update a table by using records
      - Create and call a subprogram with record type parameters
    - PL static SQL
      - Overview
      - Cursors
        Overview
        Cursor attributes
        Implicit cursors
        Explicit cursors
        Cursor variables
        Use FOR loops to iterate over a cursor
        Modify and drop a cursor
      - Transaction processing and control
      - Autonomous transactions
        Overview
        Control autonomous transactions
        Autonomous triggers
        Call autonomous functions from SQL statements
      - FORALL and BULK COLLECT
    - PL dynamic SQL
      - Overview
      - Execute dynamic SQL statements
      - DBMS_SQL system package
    - PL stored procedures and functions
      - Overview
      - Create a stored procedure
      - Create a function
      - Manage stored procedures and functions
      - Privilege control
      - Pipeline functions
        Overview
        Create a pipelined table function
        Application
      - User-defined functions
        Overview
        Interface for user-defined aggregate functions
        Create a user-defined aggregate function
        Use user-defined aggregate functions
      - Collection of stored procedure information and its impact on parallel execution of SQL statements
      - PL Database Link
    - PL triggers
      - Overview
      - Create a DML trigger
      - Modify and drop a trigger
      - Disable or enable a trigger
      - Query trigger information
      - INSTEAD OF DML triggers
      - Composite DML triggers
      - System triggers
    - PL packages
      - Overview
      - Create a package
      - Overloaded programs in a package
      - Manage packages
      - Definition of the PL environment by the STANDARD package
    - PL exception handling
      - Overview
      - Compile-time warnings
      - Exception types
      - Exception handling processes
    - DDL operations on stored PL units
      - Overview
      - ALTER FUNCTION
      - ALTER PACKAGE
      - ALTER PROCEDURE
      - ALTER TRIGGER
      - ALTER TYPE
      - CREATE FUNCTION
      - CREATE PACKAGE
      - CREATE PACKAGE BODY
      - CREATE PROCEDURE
      - CREATE TRIGGER
      - CREATE TYPE
      - CREATE TYPE BODY
      - DROP FUNCTION
      - DROP PACKAGE
      - DROP PROCEDURE
      - DROP TRIGGER
      - DROP TYPE
      - DROP TYPE BODY
    - PL label security package
      - Overview
      - SA_SYSDBA policy management package
        Overview
        SA_SYSDBA.ALTER_POLICY
        SA_SYSDBA.CREATE_POLICY
        SA_SYSDBA.DROP_POLICY
      - SA_COMPONENTS label component package
        Overview of the SA_COMPONENTS package
        SA_COMPONENTS.ALTER_LEVEL
        SA_COMPONENTS.CREATE_LEVEL
        SA_COMPONENTS.DROP_LEVEL
      - SA_LABEL_ADMIN label management package
        Overview
        SA_LABEL_ADMIN.ALTER_LABEL
        SA_LABEL_ADMIN.CREATE_LABEL
        SA_LABEL_ADMIN.DROP_LABEL
      - SA_POLICY_ADMIN policy management package
        Overview
        SA_POLICY_ADMIN.APPLY_TABLE_POLICY
        SA_POLICY_ADMIN.DISABLE_TABLE_POLICY
        SA_POLICY_ADMIN.ENABLE_TABLE_POLICY
        SA_POLICY_ADMIN.REMOVE_TABLE_POLICY
      - SA_USER_ADMIN user label management package
        Overview
        SA_USER_ADMIN.SET_LEVELS
      - SA_SESSION session management package
        Overview
        SA_SESSION.LABEL
        SA_SESSION.RESTORE_DEFAULT_LABELS
        SA_SESSION.ROW_LABEL
        SA_SESSION.SET_LABEL
        SA_SESSION.SET_ROW_LABEL
    - PL system package (Oracle mode)
      - Overview
      - DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO
        Overview
        READ_CLIENT_INFO
        READ_MODULE
        SET_ACTION
        SET_CLIENT_INFO
        SET_MODULE
      - DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT
        Overview
        CLEAN_AUDIT_TRAIL
        CREATE_PURGE_JOB
        DROP_PURGE_JOB
        SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP
        SET_PURGE_JOB_STATUS
      - DBMS_CRYPTO
        Overview
        ENCRYPT
        DECRYPT
        HASH
      - DBMS_DEBUG
        Overview
        ATTACH_SESSION
        CONTINUE
        DEBUG_ON
        DEBUG_OFF
        DETACH_SESSION
        DELETE_BREAKPOINT
        DISABLE_BREAKPOINT
        ENABLE_BREAKPOINT
        GET_VALUE
        GET_VALUES
        GET_RUNTIME_INFO
        GET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
        INITIALIZE
        PROBE_VERSION
        PRINT_BACKTRACE
        SET_TIMEOUT
        SET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
        SET_BREAKPOINT
        SHOW_BREAKPOINTS
      - DBMS_DESCRIBE
        Overview
        DESCRIBE_PROCEDURE
      - DBMS_JOB
        Overview
        BROKEN
        CHANGE
        ZONE
        INTERVAL
        NEXT_DATE
        REMOVE
        RUN
        SUBMIT
        USER_EXPORT
        WHAT
      - DBMS_LOB
        Overview
        APPEND
        CLOSE
        COPY
        CREATETEMPORARY
        ERASE
        FREETEMPORARY
        GETLENGTH
        ISOPEN
        INSTR
        ISTEMPORARY
        OPEN
        READ
        SUBSTR
        TRIM
        WRITE
        WRITEAPPEND
      - DBMS_LOCK
        Overview
        ALLOCATE_UNIQUE
        ALLOCATE_UNIQUE_AUTONOMOUS
        REQUEST
        SLEEP
        RELEASE
      - DBMS_METADATA
        Overview
        GET_DDL
        GET_TABLE_INDEX_DDL
      - DBMS_MVIEW
        Overview
        PURGE_LOG
        REFRESH
      - DBMS_MONITOR
        Overview
        OB_SESSION_TRACE_ENABLE
        OB_SESSION_TRACE_DISABLE
        OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_ENABLE
        OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_DISABLE
        OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_ENABLE
        OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_DISABLE
        OB_TENANT_TRACE_ENABLE
        OB_TENANT_TRACE_DISABLE
      - DBMS_MVIEW_STAT
        Overview
        PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
        SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
        SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
      - DBMS_OUTPUT
        Overview
        DISABLE
        ENABLE
        GET_LINE
        GET_LINES
        NEW_LINE
        PUT
        PUT_LINE
      - DBMS_PLAN_CACHE
        Overview
        PURGE
      - DBMS_PARTITION
        Overview of DBMS_PARTITION
        MANAGE_DYNAMIC_PARTITION
      - DBMS_RANDOM
        Overview
        INITIALIZE
        NORMAL
        RANDOM
        SEED
        STRING
        TERMINATE
        VALUE
      - DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
        Overview
        CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
        CREATE_PLAN
        CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
        DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
        DELETE_PLAN
        DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
        SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
        UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
      - DBMS_SCHEDULER
        Overview
        CREATE_JOB
        CREATE_JOB_CLASS
        CREATE_PROGRAM
        DEFINE_PROGRAM_ARGUMENT
        DISABLE
        DISABLE
        DROP_JOB
        DROP_JOB_CLASS
        DROP_PROGRAM
        ENABLE
        ENABLE
        GENERATE_JOB_NAME
        PURGE_LOG
        RUN_JOB
        SET_ATTRIBUTE
        SET_JOB_ARGUMENT_VALUE
        STOP_JOB
      - DBMS_SESSION
        Overview
        CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT
        CLEAR_CONTEXT
        CLEAR_IDENTIFIER
        RESET_PACKAGE
        SET_CONTEXT
        SET_IDENTIFIER
      - DBMS_SPM
        Overview
        ACCEPT_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
        ALTER_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
        CANCEL_EVOLVE_TASK
        CONFIGURE
        DROP_EVOLVE_TASK
        DROP_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
        LOAD_PLANS_FROM_CURSOR_CACHE
      - DBMS_SQL
        Overview of DBMS_SQL
        BIND_VARIABLE
        CLOSE_CURSOR
        COLUMN_VALUE
        DEFINE_COLUMN
        DEFINE_ARRAY
        DESCRIBE_COLUMNS
        EXECUTE
        EXECUTE_AND_FETCH
        FETCH_ROWS
        IS_OPEN
        LAST_ERROR_POSITION
        OPEN_CURSOR
        PARSE
        VARIABLE_VALUE
      - DBMS_STATS
        Overview
        ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
        CREATE_STAT_TABLE
        DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
        DELETE_INDEX_STATS
        DELETE_TABLE_STATS
        DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
        DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
        DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
        DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
        DROP_STAT_TABLE
        EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
        EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
        EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
        EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
        FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
        GATHER_INDEX_STATS
        GATHER_TABLE_STATS
        GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
        GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
        GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
        GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
        GET_PARAM
        GET_PREFS
        IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
        IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
        IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
        IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
        LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
        LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
        LOCK_TABLE_STATS
        RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
        RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
        RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
        RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
        PURGE_STATS
        SET_COLUMN_STATS
        SET_INDEX_STATS
        SET_TABLE_STATS
        SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
        SET_PARAM
        SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
        SET_SYSTEM_STATS
        SET_TABLE_PREFS
        UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
        UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
        UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
        COPY_TABLE_STATS
        CANCEL_GATHER_STATS
      - DBMS_UDR
        Overview
        CREATE_RULE
        DISABLE_RULE
        ENABLE_RULE
        REMOVE_RULE
      - DBMS_UTILITY
        Overview of DBMS_UTILITY
        ACTIVE_INSTANCES
        CURRENT_INSTANCE
        DB_VERSION
        FORMAT_CALL_STACK
        FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE
        FORMAT_ERROR_STACK
        GET_ENDIANNESS
        GET_HASH_VALUE
        GET_PARAMETER_VALUE
        GET_SQL_HASH
        GET_TIME
        IS_BIT_SET
        IS_CLUSTER_DATABASE
        NAME_RESOLVE
        NAME_TOKENIZE
        OLD_CURRENT_SCHEMA
        OLD_CURRENT_USER
        PORT_STRING
        TABLE_TO_COMMA
        COMMA_TO_TABLE
        VALIDATE
      - DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
        Overview
        ASH_REPORT
      - DBMS_XA
        Overview
        DBMS_XA constants
        DBMS_XA_XID object type
        DIST_TXN_SYNC
        XA_COMMIT
        XA_END
        XA_FORGET
        XA_GETLASTOER
        XA_PREPARE
        XA_RECOVER
        XA_ROLLBACK
        XA_SETTIMEOUT
        XA_START
      - DBMS_XMLGEN
        Overview
        CONVERT
      - DBMS_PROFILER
        Overview of DBMS_PROFILER
        START_PROFILER
        STOP_PROFILER
        PAUSE_PROFILER
        RESUME_PROFILER
        FLUSH_DATA
        GET_VERSION
        INTERNAL_VERSION_CHECK
        ROLLUP_UNIT
        ROLLUP_RUN
        OB_INIT_OBJECTS
        OB_DROP_OBJECTS
      - DBMS_XPLAN
        Overview
        DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
        DISPLAY_CURSOR
        DISPLAY
        DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
        DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
        ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
        SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
      - DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
        Overview
        AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
      - DBMS_DDL
        Overview of DBMS_DDL
        WRAP
        CREATE_WRAPPED
      - ODCIConst
        Overview
        ODCIArgDesc.ArgType
        ODCIEnv.CallProperty
        ODCIEnv.Envflags
        ODCIIndexAlter
        ODCIIndexAlter parameter alter_option
        ODCIIndexInfo.IndexInfoFlags
        ODCIIndexInfo.IndexParaDegree
        ODCIPredInfo.Flags
        ODCIQueryInfo.Flags
        ODCIStatsOptions.Flags
        ODCIStatsOptions.Options
        Return Status
        ScnFlg
      - UTL_ENCODE
        Overview
        BASE64_DECODE
        BASE64_ENCODE
      - UTL_FILE
        Overview
        FCLOSE
        FFLUSH
        FOPEN
        FGETPOS
        FREMOVE
        FRENAME
        FSEEK
        NEW_LINE
        GET_LINE
        PUT
        PUT_LINE
      - UTL_I18N
        Overview
        RAW_TO_CHAR
        STRING_TO_RAW
      - UTL_RECOMP
        Overview
        RECOMP_PARALLEL
        RECOMP_SERIAL
        TRUNCATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
        POPULATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
        PARALLEL_SLAVE
      - UTL_RAW
        Overview of UTL_RAW
        BIT_AND
        BIT_COMPLEMENT
        BIT_OR
        BIT_XOR
        CAST_FROM_BINARY_DOUBLE
        CAST_FROM_BINARY_FLOAT
        CAST_FROM_BINARY_INTEGER
        CAST_FROM_NUMBER
        CAST_TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
        CAST_TO_BINARY_FLOAT
        CAST_TO_BINARY_INTEGER
        CAST_TO_NUMBER
        CAST_TO_RAW
        CAST_TO_VARCHAR2
        COMPARE
        CONCAT
        COPIES
        LENGTH
        REVERSE
        SUBSTR
        TRANSLATE
      - UTL_TCP
        Overview of UTL_TCP
        OPEN_CONNECTION
        CLOSE_CONNECTION
        CLOSE_ALL_CONNECTIONS
        WRITE_LINE
        WRITE_TEXT
        WRITE_RAW
        GET_LINE
        GET_TEXT
      - UTL_SMTP
        Overview of UTL_SMTP
        OPEN_CONNECTION
        CLOSE_CONNECTION
        QUIT
        AUTH
        COMMAND
        COMMAND_REPLIES
        HELO
        EHLO
        MAIL
        RCPT
        OPEN_DATA
        WRITE_DATA
        WRITE_RAW_DATA
        CLOSE_DATA
        DATA
        VRFY
        HELP
        NOOP
        RSET
      - ANYDATA TYPE
        Overview of ANYDATA type
        BEGINCREATE static procedure
        ENDCREATE member procedure
        GET* member functions
        GETTYPE member function
        GETTYPENAME member function
        PIECEWISE member procedure
        SET* member procedures
      - XMLType
        Overview of XMLType
        CREATEXML
        GETCLOBVAL
        GETSTRINGVAL
        TRANSFORM
        XMLTYPE
        EXISTSNODE
        EXTRACT
    - Reserved PL keywords
- System views
  - System views overview
  - System views overview
  - Views in OceanBase Database V3.x and V4.x
  - SYS tenant views
    - Dictionary views
      - information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
      - information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
      - information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
      - information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
      - information_schema.COLLATIONS
      - information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
      - information_schema.COLUMNS
      - information_schema.ENGINES
      - information_schema.events
      - information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
      - information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
      - information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
      - information_schema.PARAMETERS
      - information_schema.PARTITIONS
      - information_schema.PROCESSLIST
      - information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
      - information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
      - information_schema.role_table_grants
      - information_schema.role_column_grants
      - information_schema.role_routine_grants
      - information_schema.ROUTINES
      - information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
      - information_schema.SCHEMATA
      - information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
      - information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
      - information_schema.STATISTICS
      - information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
      - information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
      - information_schema.TABLES
      - information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
      - information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
      - information_schema.VIEWS
      - mysql.columns_priv
      - mysql.db
      - mysql.default_roles
      - mysql.help_category
      - mysql.help_keyword
      - mysql.help_relation
      - mysql.help_topic
      - mysql.proc
      - mysql.procs_priv
      - mysql.role_edges
      - mysql.time_zone
      - mysql.time_zone_name
      - mysql.time_zone_transition
      - mysql.time_zone_transition_type
      - mysql.user
      - oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
      - oceanbase.CDB_CKPT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
      - oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
      - CDB_INDEX_USAGE
      - oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
      - CDB_MVIEW_LOGS
      - oceanbase.CDB_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
      - CDB_MVIEWS
      - CDB_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
      - CDB_MVREF_RUN_STATS
      - CDB_MVREF_STATS
      - CDB_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
      - CDB_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
      - CDB_MVREF_STMT_STATS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_ACCESS_POINT
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
      - CDB_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_COLUMN_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_CCL_RULES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_REDIS_TABLE
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVICES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVER_SPACE_USAGE
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_SPACE_USAGE
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUPS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TEMP_FILES
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
      - oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
      - oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.CDB_PART_TABLES
      - oceanbase.CDB_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
      - oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.CDB_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
      - oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
      - oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
      - oceanbase.CDB_TAB_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.CDB_TABLES
      - oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.CDB_WR_CONTROL
      - oceanbase.CDB_WR_EVENT_NAME
      - oceanbase.CDB_WR_SNAPSHOT
      - oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT
      - oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLTEXT
      - oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME
      - oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
      - oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT
      - oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
      - oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_INDEX_USAGE
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVIEWS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
      - DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLONE_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLONE_PROGRESS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLUSTER_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
      - DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ROOTSERVICE_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
      - DBA_OB_TRUSTED_ROOT_CERTIFICATE
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_STORAGE
      - oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
      - oceanbase.DBA_RECYCLEBIN
      - oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
      - oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
      - oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
      - oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
      - oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
      - oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
      - oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LICENSE
    - Performance views
      - GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - GV$DML_STATS
      - GV$LATCH
      - GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
      - GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
      - GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
      - GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
      - GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
      - GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
      - GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
      - GV$OB_KVCACHE
      - GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
      - GV$OB_LOG_STAT
      - GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
      - GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
      - GV$OB_MEMORY
      - GV$OB_MEMSTORE
      - GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
      - GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
      - GV$OB_NIC_INFO
      - GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
      - GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
      - GV$OB_PARAMETERS
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
      - GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
      - GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
      - GV$OB_PS_STAT
      - GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
      - GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
      - GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
      - GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
      - GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
      - GV$OB_SERVERS
      - GV$OB_SERVER_STORAGE
      - GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
      - GV$OB_SESSION
      - GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
      - GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
      - GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
      - GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
      - GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
      - GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
      - GV$OB_SQLSTAT
      - GV$OB_SSTABLES
      - GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
      - GV$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
      - GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
      - GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
      - GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - GV$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
      - GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
      - GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
      - GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
      - GV$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
      - GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
      - GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
      - GV$OB_UNITS
      - GV$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
      - GV$SESSION_EVENT
      - GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
      - GV$SESSION_WAIT
      - GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
      - GV$SESSTAT
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
      - GV$SYSSTAT
      - GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
      - gv$tenant
      - gv$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
      - GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
      - GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
      - GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
      - GV$OB_LOCKS
      - GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_THREAD
      - GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
      - GV$UNIT
      - GV$VECTOR_MEMORY
      - V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
      - V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - V$DML_STATS
      - V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
      - V$EVENT_NAME
      - V$LATCH
      - V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
      - V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
      - V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
      - V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
      - V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
      - V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
      - V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
      - V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
      - V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
      - V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
      - V$OB_KVCACHE
      - V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
      - V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
      - V$OB_LOG_STAT
      - V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
      - V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
      - V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
      - V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
      - V$OB_MEMORY
      - V$OB_MEMSTORE
      - V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
      - V$OB_MERGE_INFO
      - V$OB_NIC_INFO
      - V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
      - V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
      - V$OB_PARAMETERS
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
      - V$OB_PROCESSLIST
      - V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
      - V$OB_PS_STAT
      - V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
      - V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
      - V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
      - V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
      - V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
      - V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
      - V$OB_SERVERS
      - V$OB_SERVER_STORAGE
      - V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
      - V$OB_SESSION
      - V$SESSION_EVENT
      - V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
      - V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
      - V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
      - V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
      - V$OB_SQL_PLAN
      - V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
      - V$OB_SQLSTAT
      - V$OB_SSTABLES
      - V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
      - V$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
      - V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
      - V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
      - V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - V$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
      - V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
      - V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
      - V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
      - V$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
      - V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
      - V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
      - V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
      - V$OB_UNITS
      - V$RESTORE_POINT
      - V$RSRC_PLAN
      - V$SESSION_LONGOPS
      - V$SESSION_WAIT
      - V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
      - V$SESSTAT
      - V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
      - V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
      - V$STATNAME
      - V$SYSSTAT
      - V$SYSTEM_EVENT
      - V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
      - V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
      - V$OB_LOCKS
      - V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
      - V$OB_THREAD
      - V$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
      - v$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
      - V$UNIT
      - V$VECTOR_MEMORY
  - MySQL tenant views
    - Dictionary views
      - information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
      - information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
      - information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
      - information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
      - information_schema.COLLATIONS
      - information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
      - information_schema.COLUMNS
      - information_schema.ENGINES
      - information_schema.events
      - information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
      - information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
      - information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
      - information_schema.PARAMETERS
      - information_schema.PARTITIONS
      - information_schema.PROCESSLIST
      - information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
      - information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
      - information_schema.role_table_grants
      - information_schema.role_column_grants
      - information_schema.role_routine_grants
      - information_schema.ROUTINES
      - information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
      - information_schema.SCHEMATA
      - information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
      - information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
      - information_schema.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS
      - information_schema.ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS
      - information_schema.STATISTICS
      - information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
      - information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
      - information_schema.TABLES
      - information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
      - information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
      - information_schema.VIEWS
      - mysql.audit_log_filter
      - mysql.audit_log_user
      - mysql.columns_priv
      - mysql.db
      - mysql.default_roles
      - mysql.help_category
      - mysql.help_keyword
      - mysql.help_relation
      - mysql.help_topic
      - mysql.proc
      - mysql.procs_priv
      - mysql.role_edges
      - mysql.time_zone
      - mysql.time_zone_name
      - mysql.time_zone_transition
      - mysql.time_zone_transition_type
      - mysql.user
      - oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
      - oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_INDEX_USAGE
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVIEWS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
      - oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
      - DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
      - DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_REDIS_TABLE
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
      - oceanbase.DBA_RECYCLEBIN
      - oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
      - oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
      - oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
      - oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
      - oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
      - oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
      - oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
      - oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
    - Performance views
      - GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - GV$DML_STATS
      - GV$LATCH
      - GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
      - GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
      - GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
      - GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
      - GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
      - GV$OB_KVCACHE
      - GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
      - GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
      - GV$OB_LOG_STAT
      - GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
      - GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
      - GV$OB_MEMORY
      - GV$OB_MEMSTORE
      - GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
      - GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
      - GV$OB_NIC_INFO
      - GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
      - GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
      - GV$OB_PARAMETERS
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
      - GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
      - GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
      - GV$OB_PS_STAT
      - GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
      - GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
      - GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
      - GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
      - GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
      - GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
      - GV$OB_SESSION
      - GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
      - GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
      - GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
      - GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
      - GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
      - GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
      - GV$OB_SQLSTAT
      - GV$OB_SSTABLES
      - GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
      - GV$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
      - GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
      - GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
      - GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - GV$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
      - GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
      - GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
      - GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
      - GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
      - GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
      - GV$OB_UNITS
      - GV$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
      - GV$SESSION_EVENT
      - GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
      - GV$SESSION_WAIT
      - GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
      - GV$SESSTAT
      - GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
      - GV$SYSSTAT
      - GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
      - GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
      - GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
      - GV$OB_LOCKS
      - GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_THREAD
      - GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
      - V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
      - V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - V$DML_STATS
      - V$EVENT_NAME
      - V$LATCH
      - V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
      - V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
      - V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
      - V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
      - V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
      - V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
      - V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
      - V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
      - V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
      - V$OB_KVCACHE
      - V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
      - V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
      - V$OB_LOG_STAT
      - V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
      - V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
      - V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
      - V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
      - V$OB_MEMORY
      - V$OB_MEMSTORE
      - V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
      - V$OB_MERGE_INFO
      - V$OB_NIC_INFO
      - V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
      - V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
      - V$OB_PARAMETERS
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
      - V$OB_PROCESSLIST
      - V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
      - V$OB_PS_STAT
      - V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
      - V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
      - V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
      - V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
      - V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
      - V$RSRC_PLAN
      - V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
      - V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
      - V$OB_SESSION
      - V$SESSION_EVENT
      - V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
      - V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
      - V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
      - V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
      - V$OB_SQL_PLAN
      - V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
      - V$OB_SQLSTAT
      - V$OB_SSTABLES
      - V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
      - V$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
      - V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
      - V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
      - V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - V$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
      - V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
      - V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
      - V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
      - V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
      - V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
      - V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
      - V$OB_UNITS
      - V$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
      - V$RESTORE_POINT
      - V$SESSION_LONGOPS
      - V$SESSION_WAIT
      - V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
      - V$SESSTAT
      - V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
      - V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
      - V$STATNAME
      - V$SYSSTAT
      - V$SYSTEM_EVENT
      - V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
      - V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
      - V$OB_LOCKS
      - V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
      - V$OB_THREAD
  - Oracle tenant views
    - Dictionary views
      - ALL_ALL_TABLES
      - ALL_ARGUMENTS
      - ALL_COL_COMMENTS
      - ALL_COL_PRIVS
      - ALL_COLL_TYPES
      - ALL_CONS_COLUMNS
      - ALL_CONSTRAINTS
      - ALL_DB_LINKS
      - ALL_DEF_AUDIT_OPTS
      - ALL_DEPENDENCIES
      - ALL_DIRECTORIES
      - ALL_ERRORS
      - ALL_IND_COLUMNS
      - ALL_IND_EXPRESSIONS
      - ALL_IND_PARTITIONS
      - ALL_IND_STATISTICS
      - ALL_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
      - ALL_INDEXES
      - ALL_METHOD_PARAMS
      - ALL_MVIEW_LOGS
      - ALL_MVIEWS
      - ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
      - ALL_OBJECTS
      - ALL_OB_SOURCE
      - ALL_PART_COL_STATISTICS
      - ALL_PART_HISTOGRAMS
      - ALL_PART_INDEXES
      - ALL_PLSQL_TYPES
      - ALL_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
      - ALL_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
      - ALL_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - ALL_PART_TABLES
      - ALL_POLICIES
      - ALL_POLICY_CONTEXTS
      - ALL_POLICY_GROUPS
      - ALL_PROCEDURES
      - ALL_PROFILES
      - ALL_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
      - ALL_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
      - ALL_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
      - ALL_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
      - ALL_SEQUENCES
      - ALL_SOURCE
      - ALL_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
      - ALL_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
      - ALL_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - ALL_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
      - ALL_SYNONYMS
      - ALL_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
      - ALL_TAB_COLS
      - ALL_TAB_COLUMNS
      - ALL_TAB_COMMENTS
      - ALL_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
      - ALL_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
      - ALL_TAB_PARTITIONS
      - ALL_TAB_PRIVS
      - ALL_TAB_STATISTICS
      - ALL_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
      - ALL_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
      - ALL_TABLES
      - ALL_TRIGGER_ORDERING
      - ALL_TRIGGERS
      - ALL_TYPE_ATTRS
      - ALL_TYPE_METHODS
      - ALL_TYPES
      - ALL_USERS
      - ALL_VIEWS
      - AUDIT_ACTIONS
      - DBA_ALL_TABLES
      - DBA_ARGUMENTS
      - DBA_AUDIT_EXISTS
      - DBA_AUDIT_OBJECT
      - DBA_AUDIT_SESSION
      - DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT
      - DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL
      - DBA_COL_COMMENTS
      - DBA_COL_PRIVS
      - DBA_COLL_TYPES
      - DBA_CONS_COLUMNS
      - DBA_CONSTRAINTS
      - DBA_CONTEXT
      - DBA_DB_LINKS
      - DBA_DEPENDENCIES
      - DBA_DIRECTORIES
      - DBA_ERRORS
      - DBA_IND_COLUMNS
      - DBA_IND_EXPRESSIONS
      - DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
      - DBA_IND_STATISTICS
      - DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
      - DBA_INDEX_USAGE
      - DBA_INDEXES
      - DBA_JOBS
      - DBA_JOBS_RUNNING
      - DBA_METHOD_PARAMS
      - DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
      - DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
      - DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
      - DBA_MVIEWS
      - DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
      - DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
      - DBA_MVREF_STATS
      - DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
      - DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
      - DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
      - DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
      - DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
      - DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
      - DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
      - DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
      - DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
      - DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
      - DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
      - DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
      - DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
      - DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
      - DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
      - DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
      - DBA_OB_DATABASES
      - DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
      - DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
      - DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
      - DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
      - DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
      - DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
      - DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
      - DBA_OB_LS
      - DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
      - DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
      - DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
      - DBA_OB_SERVICES
      - DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
      - DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_OUTLINES
      - DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
      - DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
      - DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
      - DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
      - DBA_OB_SPATIAL_COLUMNS
      - oceanbase.DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
      - DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
      - DBA_OB_SOURCE
      - DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
      - DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
      - DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
      - DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
      - DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
      - DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
      - DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
      - DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
      - DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
      - DBA_OB_TENANTS
      - DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
      - DBA_PLSQL_TYPES
      - DBA_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
      - DBA_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
      - DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
      - DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
      - DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
      - DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
      - DBA_OBJ_AUDIT_OPTS
      - DBA_OBJECTS
      - DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
      - DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
      - DBA_PART_INDEXES
      - DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - DBA_PART_TABLES
      - DBA_POLICIES
      - DBA_POLICY_CONTEXTS
      - DBA_POLICY_GROUPS
      - DBA_PROCEDURES
      - DBA_PROFILES
      - DBA_RECYCLEBIN
      - DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
      - DBA_ROLES
      - DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
      - DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
      - DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
      - DBA_RSRC_PLANS
      - DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
      - DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
      - DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
      - DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM
      - DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
      - DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
      - DBA_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
      - DBA_SEGMENTS
      - DBA_SEQUENCES
      - DBA_SOURCE
      - DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
      - DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
      - DBA_STMT_AUDIT_OPTS
      - DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
      - DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
      - DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
      - DBA_SYNONYMS
      - DBA_SYS_PRIVS
      - DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
      - DBA_TAB_COLS
      - DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
      - DBA_TAB_COMMENTS
      - DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
      - DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
      - DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
      - DBA_TAB_PRIVS
      - DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
      - DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
      - DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
      - DBA_TABLES
      - DBA_TABLESPACES
      - DBA_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
      - DBA_TRIGGER_ORDERING
      - DBA_TRIGGERS
      - DBA_TYPE_ATTRS
      - DBA_TYPE_METHODS
      - DBA_TYPES
      - DBA_USERS
      - DBA_VIEWS
      - DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - DBA_WR_CONTROL
      - DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
      - DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
      - DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
      - DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
      - DBA_WR_STATNAME
      - DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
      - DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
      - DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
      - DBMS_LOCK_ALLOCATED
      - DICT
      - DICTIONARY
      - NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
      - NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
      - NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
      - PROXY_USERS
      - ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
      - ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
      - ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
      - STMT_AUDIT_OPTION_MAP
      - TENANT_VIRTUAL_GLOBAL_VARIABLE
      - TENANT_VIRTUAL_SESSION_VARIABLE
      - USER_ALL_TABLES
      - USER_ARGUMENTS
      - USER_AUDIT_OBJECT
      - USER_AUDIT_SESSION
      - USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT
      - USER_AUDIT_TRAIL
      - USER_COL_COMMENTS
      - USER_COL_PRIVS
      - USER_COLL_TYPES
      - USER_CONS_COLUMNS
      - USER_CONSTRAINTS
      - USER_DB_LINKS
      - USER_DEPENDENCIES
      - USER_ERRORS
      - USER_IND_COLUMNS
      - USER_IND_EXPRESSIONS
      - USER_IND_PARTITIONS
      - USER_IND_STATISTICS
      - USER_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
      - USER_INDEXES
      - USER_PLSQL_TYPES
      - USER_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
      - USER_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
      - USER_JOBS
      - USER_MVIEW_LOGS
      - USER_MVIEWS
      - USER_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
      - USER_MVREF_RUN_STATS
      - USER_MVREF_STATS
      - USER_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
      - USER_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
      - USER_MVREF_STMT_STATS
      - USER_OBJECTS
      - USER_OB_SOURCE
      - USER_PART_COL_STATISTICS
      - USER_PART_HISTOGRAMS
      - USER_PART_INDEXES
      - USER_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - USER_PART_TABLES
      - USER_POLICIES
      - USER_POLICY_CONTEXTS
      - USER_POLICY_GROUPS
      - USER_PROCEDURES
      - USER_PROFILES
      - USER_RECYCLEBIN
      - USER_ROLE_PRIVS
      - USER_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
      - USER_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
      - USER_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
      - USER_SEGMENTS
      - USER_SEQUENCES
      - USER_SOURCE
      - USER_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
      - USER_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
      - USER_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
      - USER_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
      - USER_SYNONYMS
      - USER_SYS_PRIVS
      - USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
      - USER_TAB_COLS
      - USER_TAB_COLUMNS
      - USER_TAB_COMMENTS
      - USER_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
      - USER_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
      - USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
      - USER_TAB_PRIVS
      - USER_TAB_STATISTICS
      - USER_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
      - USER_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
      - USER_TABLES
      - USER_TABLESPACES
      - USER_TRIGGER_ORDERING
      - USER_TRIGGERS
      - USER_TYPE_ATTRS
      - USER_TYPE_METHODS
      - USER_TYPES
      - USER_USERS
      - USER_VIEWS
    - Performance views
      - GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - GV$DBLINK
      - GV$DML_STATS
      - GV$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
      - GV$INSTANCE
      - GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
      - GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
      - GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
      - GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
      - GV$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
      - GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
      - GV$OB_KVCACHE
      - GV$OB_LOG_STAT
      - GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
      - GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
      - GV$OB_MEMORY
      - GV$OB_MEMSTORE
      - GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
      - GV$OB_NIC_INFO
      - GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_PARAMETERS
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
      - GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
      - GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
      - GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
      - GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
      - GV$OB_PS_STAT
      - GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
      - GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
      - GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
      - GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
      - GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
      - GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
      - GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
      - GV$OB_SESSION
      - GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
      - GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
      - GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
      - GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
      - GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
      - GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
      - GV$OB_SQLSTAT
      - GV$OB_SSTABLES
      - GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
      - GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
      - GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
      - GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
      - GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
      - GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
      - GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
      - GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
      - GV$OB_UNITS
      - GV$OB_RESULT_CACHE_OBJECTS
      - GV$OPEN_CURSOR
      - GV$SESSION_WAIT
      - GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
      - GV$SESSTAT
      - GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
      - GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
      - GV$SYSSTAT
      - GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
      - GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
      - GV$OB_LOCKS
      - GV$OB_THREAD
      - V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - V$DBLINK
      - V$DML_STATS
      - V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
      - V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
      - V$EVENT_NAME
      - V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
      - V$GLOBALCONTEXT
      - V$INSTANCE
      - V$OB_MEMORY
      - V$OB_MEMSTORE
      - V$NLS_PARAMETERS
      - V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
      - V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
      - V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
      - V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
      - V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
      - V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
      - V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
      - V$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
      - V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
      - V$OB_KVCACHE
      - V$OB_LOG_STAT
      - V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
      - V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
      - V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
      - V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
      - V$OB_NIC_INFO
      - V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
      - V$OB_PARAMETERS
      - V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
      - V$OB_PROCESSLIST
      - V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
      - V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
      - V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
      - V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
      - V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
      - V$OB_RESULT_CACHE_OBJECTS
      - V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
      - V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
      - V$OB_SESSION
      - V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
      - V$OB_SQL_PLAN
      - V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
      - V$OB_SQLSTAT
      - V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
      - V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
      - V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
      - V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
      - V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
      - V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
      - V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
      - V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
      - V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
      - V$OB_UNITS
      - V$OPEN_CURSOR
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
      - V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
      - V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
      - V$OB_PS_STAT
      - V$RSRC_PLAN
      - V$SESSION_WAIT
      - V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
      - V$SESSTAT
      - V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
      - V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
      - V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
      - V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
      - V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
      - V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
      - V$OB_SSTABLES
      - V$RESTORE_POINT
      - V$STATNAME
      - V$SYSSTAT
      - V$SYSTEM_EVENT
      - V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
      - V$TIMEZONE_NAMES
      - V$VERSION
      - V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
      - V$OB_LOCKS
      - V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
      - V$OB_THREAD
  - Description of common statistical events
  - General wait events
- Parameters and system variables
  - Overview
  - Changes in V3.x and V4.x
  - Parameters
    - Overview
    - Cluster-level parameters
      - alert_log_level
      - all_cluster_list
      - all_server_list
      - arbitration_degradation_policy
      - auto_broadcast_location_cache_rate_limit
      - auto_leader_switch_interval
      - auto_refresh_location_cache_rate_limit
      - autoinc_cache_refresh_interval
      - backup_backup_dest
      - backup_backup_dest_option
      - backup_concurrency
      - backup_dest
      - backup_dest_option
      - backup_log_archive_option
      - backup_net_limit
      - backup_recovery_window
      - backup_region
      - backup_zone
      - balance_blacklist_failure_threshold
      - balance_blacklist_retry_interval
      - balancer_emergency_percentage
      - balancer_log_interval
      - balancer_task_timeout
      - balancer_timeout_check_interval
      - balancer_tolerance_percentage
      - bf_cache_miss_count_threshold
      - bf_cache_priority
      - builtin_db_data_verify_cycle
      - cache_wash_threshold
      - clog_cache_priority
      - clog_disk_usage_limit_percentage
      - clog_disk_utilization_threshold
      - clog_expire_days
      - clog_io_isolation_mode
      - clog_sync_time_warn_threshold
      - clog_transport_compress_func
      - cluster
      - cluster_id
      - config_additional_dir
      - cpu_count
      - cpu_reserved
      - data_copy_concurrency
      - data_dir
      - data_disk_usage_limit_percentage
      - data_disk_write_limit_percentage
      - data_storage_error_tolerance_time
      - data_storage_warning_tolerance_time
      - datafile_disk_percentage
      - datafile_maxsize
      - datafile_next
      - datafile_size
      - dead_socket_detection_timeout
      - debug_sync_timeout
      - default_compress
      - default_compress_func
      - default_row_format
      - default_transport_compress_func
      - devname
      - diag_syslog_per_error_limit
      - disk_io_thread_count
      - dtl_buffer_size
      - election_blacklist_interval
      - election_cpu_quota
      - _enable_add_fulltext_index_to_existing_table
      - enable_asan_for_memory_context
      - enable_async_syslog
      - enable_auto_leader_switch
      - enable_auto_refresh_location_cache
      - enable_cgroup
      - enable_dblink
      - enable_ddl
      - enable_election_group
      - enable_global_background_resource_isolation
      - enable_global_freeze_trigger
      - enable_log_archive
      - enable_major_freeze
      - enable_manual_merge
      - enable_merge_by_turn
      - enable_ob_esi_process
      - enable_ob_ratelimit
      - enable_one_phase_commit
      - enable_perf_event
      - enable_pg
      - enable_record_trace_id
      - enable_record_trace_log
      - enable_rereplication
      - enable_rich_error_msg
      - enable_rootservice_standalone
      - enable_rpc_authentication_bypass
      - enable_separate_sys_clog
      - enable_smooth_leader_switch
      - enable_sql_audit
      - enable_sql_operator_dump
      - enable_sys_table_ddl
      - enable_sys_unit_standalone
      - enable_syslog_recycle
      - enable_syslog_wf
      - enable_tcp_keepalive
      - enable_upgrade_mode
      - fast_recovery_concurrency
      - flush_log_at_trx_commit
      - fuse_row_cache_priority
      - gc_wait_archive
      - get_leader_candidate_rpc_timeout
      - global_background_cpu_quota
      - global_index_build_single_replica_timeout
      - global_major_freeze_residual_memory
      - global_write_halt_residual_memory
      - high_priority_net_thread_count
      - ignore_replay_checksum_error
      - ignore_replica_checksum_error
      - ilog_index_expire_time
      - index_block_cache_priority
      - index_cache_priority
      - index_clog_cache_priority
      - index_info_block_cache_priority
      - internal_sql_execute_timeout
      - large_query_threshold
      - large_query_worker_percentage
      - leak_mod_to_check
      - lease_time
      - local_ip
      - location_cache_cpu_quota
      - location_cache_expire_time
      - location_cache_priority
      - location_cache_refresh_min_interval
      - location_cache_refresh_rpc_timeout
      - location_cache_refresh_sql_timeout
      - location_fetch_concurrency
      - location_refresh_thread_count
      - log_archive_batch_buffer_limit
      - log_archive_checkpoint_interval
      - log_disk_percentage
      - log_disk_size
      - log_storage_warning_tolerance_time
      - ls_meta_table_check_interval
      - max_kept_major_version_number
      - max_px_worker_count
      - max_string_print_length
      - max_syslog_file_count
      - memory_chunk_cache_size
      - memory_limit
      - memory_limit_percentage
      - memory_reserved
      - memstore_limit_percentage
      - merge_stat_sampling_ratio
      - merge_thread_count
      - merger_completion_percentage
      - merger_switch_leader_duration_time
      - merger_warm_up_duration_time
      - micro_block_merge_verify_level
      - migrate_concurrency
      - migration_disable_time
      - min_observer_version
      - minor_deferred_gc_time
      - minor_freeze_times
      - minor_merge_concurrency
      - minor_warm_up_duration_time
      - multiblock_read_gap_size
      - multiblock_read_size
      - mysql_port
      - net_thread_count
      - ob_esi_io_concurrency
      - ob_esi_max_syslog_file_count
      - ob_esi_memory_limit
      - ob_esi_rpc_port
      - ob_esi_session_timeout
      - ob_esi_syslog_level
      - ob_event_history_recycle_interval
      - ob_ratelimit_stat_period
      - ob_startup_mode
      - obconfig_url
      - observer_id
      - ob_storage_s3_url_encode_type
      - ob_enable_java_env
      - ob_java_home
      - ob_java_connector_path
      - ob_java_opts
      - ofs_list
      - opt_tab_stat_cache_priority
      - partition_table_check_interval
      - plan_cache_evict_interval
      - plan_cache_high_watermark
      - plan_cache_low_watermark
      - px_task_size
      - rdma_io_thread_count
      - rebuild_replica_data_lag_threshold
      - recyclebin_object_expire_time
      - replica_safe_remove_time
      - resource_hard_limit
      - resource_soft_limit
      - restore_concurrency
      - rootservice_async_task_queue_size
      - rootservice_async_task_thread_count
      - rootservice_list
      - rootservice_memory_limit
      - rootservice_ready_check_interval
      - row_compaction_update_limit
      - row_purge_thread_count
      - rpc_client_authentication_method
      - rpc_port
      - rpc_server_authentication_method
      - rpc_timeout
      - schema_history_expire_time
      - schema_history_recycle_interval
      - server_balance_cpu_mem_tolerance_percent
      - server_balance_critical_disk_waterlevel
      - server_balance_disk_tolerance_percent
      - server_check_interval
      - server_cpu_quota_max
      - server_cpu_quota_min
      - server_data_copy_in_concurrency
      - server_data_copy_out_concurrency
      - server_permanent_offline_time
      - sql_audit_memory_limit
      - sql_login_thread_count
      - sql_net_thread_count
      - sql_protocol_min_tls_version
      - ssl_client_authentication
      - ssl_external_kms_info
      - stack_size
      - standby_fetch_log_bandwidth_limit
      - storage_meta_cache_priority
      - strict_check_os_params
      - switchover_process_thread_count
      - sync_io_thread_count
      - sys_bkgd_io_high_percentage
      - sys_bkgd_io_low_percentage
      - sys_bkgd_migration_change_member_list_timeout
      - sys_bkgd_migration_retry_num
      - sys_bkgd_net_percentage
      - sys_cpu_limit_trigger
      - syslog_compress_func
      - syslog_disk_size
      - syslog_file_uncompressed_count
      - syslog_io_bandwidth_limit
      - syslog_level
      - system_cpu_quota
      - system_memory
      - system_trace_level
      - tableapi_transport_compress_func
      - tablet_ls_cache_priority
      - tablet_meta_table_check_interval
      - tablet_meta_table_scan_batch_count
      - tablet_size
      - tcp_keepcnt
      - tcp_keepidle
      - tcp_keepintvl
      - tenant_cpu_variation_per_server
      - tenant_groups
      - tenant_task_queue_size
      - token_reserved_percentage
      - trace_log_sampling_interval
      - trace_log_slow_query_watermark
      - trx_2pc_retry_interval
      - trx_force_kill_threshold
      - trx_try_wait_lock_timeout
      - unit_balance_resource_weight
      - unit_gc_wait_time
      - use_large_pages
      - user_block_cache_priority
      - user_iort_up_percentage
      - user_row_cache_priority
      - user_tab_col_stat_cache_priority
      - virtual_table_location_cache_expire_time
      - wait_leader_batch_count
      - weak_read_version_refresh_interval
      - workers_per_cpu_quota
      - zone
      - zone_merge_concurrency
      - zone_merge_order
      - zone_merge_timeout
    - Tenant-level parameters
      - arbitration_timeout
      - archive_lag_target
      - approx_count_distinct_precision
      - audit_log_buffer_size
      - audit_log_compression
      - audit_log_enable
      - audit_log_format
      - audit_log_max_size
      - audit_log_path
      - audit_log_prune_seconds
      - audit_log_query_sql
      - audit_log_rotate_on_size
      - audit_log_strategy
      - audit_sys_operations
      - audit_trail
      - auto_split_tablet_size
      - backup_data_file_size
      - balancer_idle_time
      - choose_migration_source_policy
      - clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count
      - clog_persistence_compress_func
      - compaction_dag_cnt_limit
      - compaction_high_thread_score
      - compaction_low_thread_score
      - compaction_mid_thread_score
      - compaction_schedule_tablet_batch_cnt
      - compatible
      - connection_control_failed_connections_threshold
      - connection_control_max_connection_delay
      - connection_control_min_connection_delay
      - cpu_quota_concurrency
      - ddl_thread_score
      - default_auto_increment_mode
      - default_enable_extended_rowid
      - default_load_mode
      - default_progressive_merge_num
      - default_skip_index_level
      - default_storage_cache_policy
      - default_table_merge_engine
      - default_table_organization
      - default_table_store_format
      - direct_load_allow_fallback
      - dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval
      - enable_adaptive_plan_cache
      - enable_auto_split
      - enable_clog_persistence_compress
      - enable_early_lock_release
      - enable_kv_group_commit
      - enable_kv_ttl
      - enable_lock_priority
      - enable_manual_storage_cache_policy
      - enable_mlog_auto_maintenance
      - enable_monotonic_weak_read
      - enable_mv_binlog_minimal_mode
      - enable_rebalance
      - enable_sql_extension
      - enable_transfer
      - enable_user_defined_rewrite_rules
      - enable_ps_parameterize
      - external_kms_info
      - freeze_trigger_percentage
      - global_index_auto_split_policy
      - ha_high_thread_score
      - ha_low_thread_score
      - ha_mid_thread_score
      - io_category_config
      - job_queue_processes
      - json_document_max_depth
      - kv_ttl_duty_duration
      - kv_group_commit_batch_size
      - kv_group_commit_rw_mode
      - kv_hbase_client_scanner_timeout_period
      - kv_ttl_history_recycle_interval
      - load_vector_index_on_follower
      - lob_enable_block_cache_threshold
      - log_archive_concurrency
      - log_disk_throttling_maximum_duration
      - log_disk_throttling_percentage
      - log_disk_utilization_limit_threshold
      - log_disk_utilization_threshold
      - log_restore_concurrency
      - log_storage_compress_all
      - log_storage_compress_func
      - log_transport_compress_all
      - log_transport_compress_func
      - ls_gc_delay_time
      - major_compact_trigger
      - major_freeze_duty_time
      - max_partition_num
      - max_stale_time_for_weak_consistency
      - merger_check_interval
      - minor_compact_trigger
      - mlog_trim_interval
      - ob_compaction_schedule_interval
      - ob_enable_batched_multi_statement
      - ob_encoding_granularity
      - ob_proxy_readonly_transaction_routing_policy
      - ob_query_switch_leader_retry_timeout
      - ob_ssl_invited_common_names
      - ob_vector_memory_limit_percentage
      - open_cursors
      - optimizer_index_cost_adj
      - partition_balance_schedule_interval
      - plsql_code_type
      - plsql_debug
      - plsql_optimize_level
      - plsql_v2_compatibility
      - px_node_policy
      - package_state_sync_max_size
      - px_workers_per_cpu_quota
      - query_memory_limit_percentage
      - query_response_time_flush
      - query_response_time_range_base
      - query_response_time_stats
      - range_optimizer_max_mem_size
      - recover_table_concurrency
      - recover_table_dop
      - replica_parallel_migration_mode
      - result_cache_max_size
      - result_cache_max_result
      - ob_result_cache_evict_percentage
      - ob_deterministic_udf_cache_max_size
      - rpc_memory_limit_percentage
      - shared_log_retention
      - spill_compression_codec
      - sql_work_area
      - standby_db_fetch_log_rpc_timeout
      - standby_db_preferred_upstream_log_region
      - sts_credential
      - tde_method
      - tenant_sql_login_thread_count
      - tenant_sql_net_thread_count
      - temporary_file_max_disk_size
      - storage_rowsets_size
      - suspend_storage_cache_task
      - ttl_thread_score
      - undo_retention
      - vector_index_memory_saving_mode
      - vector_index_optimize_duty_time
      - workarea_size_policy
      - writing_throttling_maximum_duration
      - writing_throttling_trigger_percentage
  - System variables
    - System variable summary
    - Global variables
      - activate_all_roles_on_login
      - auto_increment_cache_size
      - auto_increment_increment
      - auto_increment_offset
      - autocommit
      - automatic_sp_privileges
      - binlog_row_image
      - block_encryption_mode
      - character_set_client
      - character_set_connection
      - cardinality_estimation_model
      - character_set_database
      - character_set_filesystem
      - character_set_results
      - character_set_server
      - character_set_system
      - collation_connection
      - collation_database
      - collation_server
      - connect_timeout
      - cte_max_recursion_depth
      - cursor_sharing
      - datadir
      - default_password_lifetime
      - default_storage_engine
      - div_precision_increment
      - error_on_overlap_time
      - event_scheduler
      - explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
      - ENABLE_OPTIMIZER_ROWGOAL
      - foreign_key_checks
      - group_concat_max_len
      - identity
      - init_connect
      - innodb_stats_persistent
      - innodb_strict_mode
      - interactive_timeout
      - license
      - lc_time_names
      - log_row_value_options
      - long_query_time
      - lower_case_table_names
      - max_allowed_packet
      - max_connections
      - max_sp_recursion_depth
      - max_user_connections
      - mview_refresh_dop
      - net_buffer_length
      - net_read_timeout
      - net_write_timeout
      - nls_calendar
      - nls_characterset
      - nls_comp
      - nls_currency
      - nls_date_format
      - nls_date_language
      - nls_dual_currency
      - nls_iso_currency
      - nls_length_semantics
      - nls_nchar_characterset
      - nls_nchar_conv_excp
      - nls_numeric_characters
      - nls_sort
      - nls_territory
      - nls_timestamp_format
      - nls_timestamp_tz_format
      - ob_bnl_join_cache_size
      - ob_compatibility_mode
      - ob_compatibility_control
      - ob_compatibility_version
      - ob_create_table_strict_mode
      - ob_default_lob_inrow_threshold
      - ob_default_replica_num
      - ob_early_lock_release
      - ob_enable_ps_parameter_anonymous_block
      - ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown
      - ob_enable_blk_nestedloop_join
      - ob_enable_hash_group_by
      - ob_enable_index_direct_select
      - ob_enable_jit
      - ob_enable_pl_cache
      - ob_enable_plan_cache
      - ob_enable_sql_audit
      - ob_enable_transformation
      - ob_enable_transmission_checksum
      - ob_enable_truncate_flashback
      - ob_global_debug_sync
      - ob_log_level
      - ob_max_read_stale_time
      - ob_pl_block_timeout
      - ob_plan_cache_evict_high_percentage
      - ob_plan_cache_evict_low_percentage
      - ob_plan_cache_percentage
      - ob_proxy_global_variables_version
      - ob_query_timeout
      - ob_read_consistency
      - ob_reserved_meta_memory_percentage
      - ob_route_policy
      - ob_sql_audit_percentage
      - ob_sql_work_area_percentage
      - ob_table_access_policy
      - ob_tcp_invited_nodes
      - ob_temp_tablespace_size_percentage
      - ob_timestamp_service
      - ob_trx_idle_timeout
      - ob_trx_lock_timeout
      - ob_trx_timeout
      - optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines
      - ob_security_version
      - optimizer_dynamic_sampling
      - optimizer_features_enable
      - optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
      - parallel_degree_limit
      - parallel_degree_policy
      - parallel_max_servers
      - parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
      - parallel_servers_target
      - performance_schema
      - plugin_dir
      - plsql_ccflags
      - pid_file
      - query_cache_size
      - plsql_optimize_level
      - port
      - query_cache_type
      - query_rewrite_enabled
      - query_rewrite_integrity
      - read_only
      - recyclebin
      - regexp_stack_limit
      - regexp_time_limit
      - resource_manager_plan
      - socket
      - runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
      - runtime_filter_max_in_num
      - runtime_filter_type
      - runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
      - secure_file_priv
      - server_uuid
      - sql_auto_is_null
      - sql_mode
      - sql_quote_show_create
      - sql_safe_updates
      - sql_select_limit
      - sql_throttle_current_priority
      - sql_throttle_network
      - sql_throttle_priority
      - sql_throttle_rt
      - SQL_TRANSPILER
      - sql_warnings
      - system_time_zone
      - time_zone
      - transaction_isolation
      - transaction_read_only
      - tx_isolation
      - tx_read_only
      - validate_password_check_user_name
      - validate_password_length
      - validate_password_mixed_case_count
      - validate_password_number_count
      - validate_password_policy
      - validate_password_special_char_count
      - version
      - version_comment
      - wait_timeout
    - Session-level variables
      - enable_sql_plan_monitor
      - is_result_accurate
      - last_insert_id
      - nls_language
      - ob_capability_flag
      - ob_enable_show_trace
      - ob_hnsw_ef_search
      - ob_ivf_nprobes
      - ob_last_schema_version
      - ob_org_cluster_id
      - ob_sparse_drop_ratio_search
      - ob_proxy_partition_hit
      - ob_proxy_set_trx_executed
      - ob_trace_info
      - optimizer_dynamic_sampling
      - timestamp
      - tracefile_identifier
- Error codes
  - MySQL mode
    - Overview
    - 0001 to 3999
    - 4000 to 4499
    - 4500 to 4999
    - 5000 to 5999
    - 6000 to 6999
    - 7000 to 7999
    - 8000 to 8999
    - 9000 ~ 9499
    - 9500 to 9999
    - 10000 to 12000
    - 22998, 30926, 38104, and 38105
  - Oracle mode
    - Overview
    - OBE-00000 ~ OBE-00999
    - OBE-01000 to OBE-01499
    - OBE-01500 to OBE-01999
    - OBE-02000 to OBE-04999
    - OBE-05000 to OBE-10000
    - OBE-10000 to OBE-19999
    - OBE-20000 to OBE-29999
    - OBE-30000 to OBE-49999
    - OBE-50000 to OBE-99999
    - PLS-00000 to PLS-00999
- Performance tuning
  - Overview
  - Performance related tools
    - System tools
      - Top
      - CPU tools
      - Memory tools
      - Disk I/O tools
      - Network tools
    - Internal tables
      - GV$SYSSTAT
      - GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
      - GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
    - Logs
      - slow trans
      - dump tenant info
      - Trace logs
    - OCP
  - System tuning
    - OS parameter tuning
    - Database parameter tuning
      - CPU parameters
      - I/O parameters
      - Memory-related parameters
      - Network transmission parameters
    - ODP parameter tuning
      - CPU parameters
      - Network transmission parameters
      - Routing parameters on nodes
  - Business model tuning
    - Load balancing
    - SQL diagnostics
    - Distributed transactions
  - Performance diagnosis
    - Monitor and diagnose the cluster performance
    - Diagnose tenant performance
    - Monitor ODP performance
    - Monitor host performance
    - WR management
      - Overview
      - Manage WR
      - Monitor historical session performance
      - Clean up WR data
    - ASH report
      - ASH
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        GO
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Overview of shared storage configuration items and system variables

Last Updated：2026-06-25 10:54:00 Updated

Cluster-level

Configuration item	Description
ob_startup_mode	Specifies the startup mode of the OBServer node. This parameter can be modified only during the first startup.

Configuration item	Description
datafile_size	Specifies the size of the local cache space.
datafile_next	In shared storage mode, this parameter is meaningless and can be modified, but the modification will not take effect.
datafile_disk_percentage	Specifies the percentage of available local disk space to the total disk space.

Tenant-level

Configuration item	Description
default_storage_cache_policy	Specifies the default cache strategy. This parameter is the default value of the `storage_cache_policy` parameter at the tenant level and only takes effect on new tables.
enable_manual_storage_cache_policy	Enables the user-specified hot cache strategy.
suspend_storage_cache_task	Specifies whether to suspend the background cache task.

Configuration item	Description
shared_log_retention	Specifies the retention period of shared log files in shared storage mode.

Configuration item	Description
attach_shared_sstable_thread_score	Specifies the number of threads that a tenant can use to execute shared data reference tasks in shared storage mode.
inc_sstable_upload_thread_score	Specifies the number of threads that a tenant can use to execute data sharing tasks in shared storage mode.

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Overview of shared storage configuration items and system variables

Configuration items

Cluster-level

Arbitration service-related

Memory space-related

Tenant-level

Cache-related

Shared log-related

Background execution thread-related