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Start on Cloud

OceanBase

A unified distributed database ready for your transactional, analytical, and AI workloads.

Product Overview
DEPLOY YOUR WAY

OceanBase Cloud

The best way to deploy and scale OceanBase

OceanBase Enterprise

Run and manage OceanBase on your infra

TRY OPEN SOURCE

OceanBase Community Edition

The free, open-source distributed database

OceanBase seekdb

Open source AI native search database

Customer Stories

Real-world success stories from enterprises across diverse industries.

View All
BY USE CASES

Mission-Critical Transactions

Global & Multicloud Application

Elastic Scaling for Peak Traffic

Real-time Analytics

Active Geo-redundancy

Database Consolidation

Comprehensive knowledge hub for OceanBase.

Blog

Live Demos

Training & Certification

Documentation

Official technical guides, tutorials, API references, and manuals for all OceanBase products.

View All
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OceanBase Database

SQL - V4.6.0

  • What's New
  • What is OceanBase Database
    • Overview
    • Architecture
    • Compatibility with Oracle
      • Overview of Oracle compatibility
      • SQL data types
      • Built-in functions
      • System views
    • Compatibility with MySQL
    • Limitations
  • Get Started
    • Quick start with OceanBase Database Community Edition
    • Learn OceanBase SQL
      • Before you begin
      • Basic SQL operations (MySQL mode)
      • Basic SQL operations (Oracle mode)
    • Build a sample application (MySQL-compatible mode)
      • Build a Python application
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
      • Build a Go application
    • Build a sample application (Oracle-compatible mode)
      • Create a Java sample application
      • Create a C application
    • Try out advanced features of OceanBase Database
      • Scalable OLTP
        • Run the TPC-C benchmark in OceanBase Database
        • Try out the hot row update capability of OceanBase Database
      • Try out operational OLAP
      • Try out parallel import and data compression
      • Try out the multi-tenant feature
  • Develop
    • Develop applications (MySQL-compatible mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using the mysql client
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using DBeaver
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Navicat
        • Use database connection pool
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
          • JDBC
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis sample application for connecting to OceanBase Database
          • Connector/J
          • TestContainers
        • Python
          • mysqlclient
          • PyMySQL
          • MySQL-connector-python
        • C
          • MySQL Connector/C
        • Go
          • Go-SQL-Driver/MySQL
          • GORM
        • NET
          • Connect to an OceanBase database by using OceanBase Connector/NET
        • PHP
          • EXT
          • MySQLi
          • PDO
        • Rust
          • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Rust
          • Connect to OceanBase Database by using SeaORM
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a database
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
        • Generate test data in batches
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived table
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Lock query results with SELECT FOR UPDATE
          • Use the SELECT ... LOCK IN SHARE MODE statement to lock query results
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use the CASE conditional operator in queries
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
      • Transactions
        • Overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
          • Release a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling specifications for MySQL-compatible applications
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Disconnected from the server, with ERROR 2013 reported
          • Data truncated while being inserted, with ERROR 1265 reported
          • Idle transaction timed out, with ERROR 6002 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with ERROR 4012 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Table already exists, with ERROR 1050 reported
          • Table does not exist, with ERROR 1146 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with ERROR 1062 reported
          • ERROR 1215 reported in foreign key addition
    • Develop applications (Oracle-compatible mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Use database connection pool
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis
          • JFinal
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring Data JDBC
        • C/C++
          • OceanBase Connector/C
          • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
          • SqlSugar
        • NET
          • Connect to OceanBase Database using OceanBase Connector/NET
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
        • Generate test data in batches
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived tables
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use the SELECT...FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use CASE functions in queries
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
      • Transactions
        • Overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling specifications for Oracle-compatible applications
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Inconsistent data types, with Error OBE-00932 reported
          • Idle transaction timed out, with Error OBE-24761 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with Error OBE-00600 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Table already exists, with Error OBE-00955 reported
          • Table does not exist, with Error OBE-04043 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with Error OBE-00001 reported
          • Error OBE-00600 reported in foreign key addition
  • Deploy
    • Overview
    • HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Deployment process
      • Before deployment
        • Prepare servers
        • Configure servers
        • Prepare installation packages
        • Deploy OAT
      • Deploy through GUI
        • Configure deployment environment using OAT
          • Add a server
        • Deploy OCP
          • Overview
          • Upload installation packages
          • Create MetaDB
          • Deploy OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using OCP
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using OCP
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
      • Deploy through CLI
        • Configure deployment environment
          • Initialize an OBServer node by using oatcli
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using CLI
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using the CLI
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
      • Deploy OceanBase Database Java SDK
    • Clear an OceanBase cluster
    • Recommended configurations
  • OceanBase version upgrade
    • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Overview
      • Upgrade an arbitration service
      • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
      • Check the status after the upgrade
    • OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Upgrade OceanBase Database with obd
  • Migrate
    • Overview
    • Migrate from MySQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use mydumper and myloader to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Flink CDC to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to MySQL databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use OMS to migrate incremental data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
    • Migrate from Oracle databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to Oracle databases
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
    • Migrate from DB2 databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate table schemas from a DB2 LUW database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to DB2 databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
    • Migrate from TiDB databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a TiDB database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from PostgreSQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a PostgreSQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Import data by using the LOAD DATA statement
    • Import data from SQL files to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data between OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between MySQL tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from a MySQL tenant to an Oracle tenant in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between Oracle tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from an Oracle tenant to a MySQL tenant in OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type in active-active disaster recovery scenarios
    • Migrate data using SQL statements
      • Migrate data between tables
      • Migrate resource units
      • Export data using the OUTFILE statement
    • Overview of direct load
  • Manage
    • Log in to an OceanBase tenant
    • Manage clusters
      • Overview
      • Cluster parameters
      • Common cluster operations
        • View a zone
        • Modify a zone
        • Isolate a zone
        • View cluster parameters
        • Modify cluster parameters
        • Reset cluster parameters
        • View a node
        • Restart a node
        • Add nodes
        • Delete a node
        • Isolate a node
        • Replace a node
        • Start a zone
        • Add a zone
        • Delete a zone
      • Troubleshoot common problems
        • Failures of a minority of nodes
        • Failures of the majority of nodes
    • Troubleshooting
      • Overview
      • BootStrap
      • Storage
        • Minor compaction and major compaction
        • Memory-related errors
        • Migration, replication, and rebuild tasks
      • Election
        • Election
        • Forced leader election
        • No leader
      • Transaction
        • Transaction issues
        • Transaction rollbacks
        • Long-running transactions
        • Suspended transactions
        • Idle transactions
      • Log synchronization-related errors
      • Physical standby database
        • Log synchronization stuck for the physical standby database
        • Switchover and failover issues
        • Other issues
      • Backup and restore
        • Data backup failures
        • Physical restore failures
      • Arbitration server process startup failures
      • FAQ about manual operations on log streams
      • Application exceptions -- error messages without OceanBase error codes
      • Application exceptions -- error messages with OceanBase error codes
      • Troubleshoot application disconnection issues
      • Troubleshooting with ASH
        • Troubleshoot uneven CPU usage
    • Emergency response
      • Emergency response overview
      • Analysis, diagnosis, and decision-making procedure
      • Common emergency problem handling
        • Hardware issues
          • Node failure
          • Network failure
          • ODP failure
          • Other hardware and network issues
        • Capacity issues
          • SQL query exceptions
          • Node disk I/O high
          • Node network card overload
          • Tenant memory full
          • obproxy thread exhaustion
          • Node clog disk full
          • Node data disk full
          • Tenant request queue backlog
        • Other cluster issues
          • sys tenant or RootService exceptions
          • Insufficiency or leakage of system memory
    • Manage tenants
      • Tenant introduction
      • Tenant capacity
      • Tenant types
      • User tenant introduction
      • Tenant system variables
      • Common tenant operations
        • Create a tenant
        • Resource isolation
          • Overview
          • Manage resource isolation (Oracle-compatible mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for frontend and backend tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update a plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
          • Manage resource isolation (MySQL-compatible mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update resource management plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
        • View tenant and resource information
        • View and set the tenant allowlist
        • View system variables of a tenant
        • Modify system variables of a tenant
        • Scale in/out
          • Overview
          • Plan resources
          • Tenant pre-scaling
          • Modify the unit config for a tenant
          • Modify the number of resource units for a tenant
          • Modify the number of primary zones for a tenant
          • Smooth scaling application scenarios
        • Modify attributes of a resource pool
        • Modify attributes of a tenant
        • Lock and unlock a tenant
        • Drop a tenant
        • Restore a tenant
        • Rename a tenant
        • Manage resource pools
          • View resource pool information
          • Allocate a resource pool to a tenant
          • Remove resource pools from a tenant
          • Merge and split a resource pool
          • Drop a resource pool
        • Manage unit configs
          • Query unit configs
          • Modify a unit config
          • Drop a unit config
        • Manage services
          • Create a service
          • Query the service status
          • Start a service
          • Stop a service
          • Delete a service
    • Manage log streams
      • Create a log stream
      • Modify a log stream
    • Manage replicas
      • Replicas
      • Replica distribution
        • Locality
        • Common locality operations
          • View locality
          • Modify locality
          • Add a replica
          • Remove replicas
          • Convert the type of a replica
          • Adjust the distribution of replicas
          • View the locality change history
          • Replica migration
          • Modify the number of Paxos replicas of a log stream
          • Cancel a replica task
      • Traffic distribution
      • Data distribution
    • Data load balancing
      • Overview
      • GTS standalone application scenario
      • Transfer Partition
      • Cancel a partition transfer task
      • Cancel a Balance Job
      • Partition balance management
        • View the partition balancing task in the background
        • View the history of partition balancing tasks in the background
    • High availability
      • High availability overview
      • Multi-replica disaster recovery
        • Data link introduction
        • ODP high availability
        • Database-level high availability
        • Disaster recovery architecture and levels
      • Physical standby database disaster recovery
        • Overview
        • Limitations
        • Create a standby tenant
          • Preparations
          • Create an empty standby tenant
          • Create a standby tenant by using the backup and restore (with complete logs) feature
          • Create a standby tenant by using the BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG feature
        • Log transmission service
          • Overview
          • Configure log transmission service
            • Set a log restore source
            • Specify a log restore endpoint
          • View log restore source information
          • View the log synchronization progress
          • Pause or resume log synchronization
          • Optimize the log synchronization performance
          • Set the log synchronization bandwidth limit
          • Specify log compression
        • Log storage service
        • Switch roles
          • Overview of tenant roles
          • Switchover
          • Failover
        • Drop primary and standby tenants
      • Arbitration high availability
        • Overview
        • Enable arbitration service for a tenant
        • Disable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Modify the log stream downgrade control time
        • Query log stream upgrade/downgrade information
        • Replace the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Remove the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Clear residual cluster information
      • Manage recycle bin
        • Overview
        • Enable or disable the recycle bin
        • View objects in the recycle bin
        • Restore objects from the recycle bin
        • Purge the recycle bin
      • Flashback queries
    • Security and permissions
      • Overview
      • Identification and authentication
        • MySQL-compatible mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure processing
        • Oracle-compatible mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure processing
      • Access control
        • Overview
        • Users and permissions
          • Overview
          • MySQL-compatible mode
            • Privilege types in MySQL mode
            • Create a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Role management
              • Overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant privileges to a role
              • Grant a role to a user or another role
              • Activate a role
              • View roles
              • Revoke privileges from a role
              • Revoke a role from a user or another role
              • Drop a role
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
          • Oracle-compatible mode
            • Privilege types in Oracle mode
            • Create a user
            • View the information of a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Manage roles
              • Overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant a role to another role
              • Grant a role to a user
              • Activate or deactivate roles for a user
              • View roles
              • Modify a role
              • Revoke a role
              • Drop a role
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Use a proxy user
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
        • Network security access control
        • RPC connection authentication
        • Row-level access control
      • Data encryption
        • Overview
        • Data transmission encryption
          • Overview
          • Transport encryption for OBServer
          • ODP transmission encryption
        • Tenant master key management
          • Overview
          • Generate a tenant master key (MySQL mode)
          • Generate a tenant master key (Oracle mode)
        • Data storage encryption
          • Overview
          • MySQL-compatible mode
            • Enable TDE for new tables
            • Enable TDE for existing tables
            • Decrypt a table
          • Oracle-compatible mode
            • Enable TDE for new tables
            • Enable TDE for existing tables
            • Decrypt a table
        • Column encryption
          • Overview of column encryption
          • MySQL-compatible mode
            • Create a column encryption rule
            • Manage column encryption privileges
          • Oracle-compatible mode
            • Create a column encryption rule
            • Column encryption permissions
          • FAQ about column encryption
      • Security audit
        • Security audit overview
        • Security audit in MySQL-compatible mode
          • Enable security auditing
          • Set an auditing rule
          • View auditing records
          • Disable security auditing
        • Security audit in Oracle-compatible mode
          • Enable security auditing
          • Set and view auditing rules
          • View auditing records
          • Audit user logins
          • Audit user operations
          • Audit specified database objects
    • Backup and restore
      • Overview
      • Experience physical backup and restore with simplified deployment
      • Backup and restore performance tuning
      • Deploy NFS
      • Log archive
        • Overview
        • Prepare for log archiving
        • Enable ARCHIVELOG
        • Suspend archiving
        • Disable ARCHIVELOG
        • View information about pieces
        • View the archiving progress
        • View the archiving history
        • View archiving parameter settings
        • Change the archive destination
        • Clear the archive path setting
        • Views related to log archiving
      • Data backup
        • Prepare for backup
        • Initiate a full data backup job
        • Initiate an incremental data backup job
        • Back up parameters
        • Stop a backup job
        • View the data backup progress
        • View the data backup history
        • View parameters related to data backup
        • Change the backup destination
        • Views related to data backup
      • Update `access_id` and `access_key` information for the backup or archive path
      • Clear backup data
        • Query the backup cleanup progress
        • Query the backup cleanup history
        • Backup cleanup parameter
        • Views related to backup cleanup
      • Backup validation
        • Backup validation overview
        • Validate the entire backup path and archive path
        • Validate a specified backup set or log archive piece
        • Validate a backup set or log archive piece in a specified path
        • Cancel a backup validation task
        • View the backup verification progress
        • View the backup validation result
      • Restore data
        • Prepare for restore
        • Perform physical restore
        • Perform restore from the specified paths
        • Cancel physical restore
        • View the physical restore progress
        • View physical restore results
        • Replay logs to a standby tenant
        • Convert a standby tenant into primary tenant
        • Upgrade a tenant after restore
        • Parameters related to physical restore
        • Views related to physical restore
      • Restore by table
        • Overview of table-level restore
        • Preparations before table-level restore
        • Perform table-level restore
        • Schema recovery in table-level restore
        • Cancel table-level restore
        • Check the progress of table-level restore
        • Check the results of table-level restore
        • Parameters related to table-level restore
        • Views related to table-level restore
    • Monitor
      • Overview
      • Metrics
        • System monitoring
          • Overview
          • Metrics
          • Wait events
          • Latch events
        • SQL monitoring
          • Overview
          • SQL audit
          • Execution plans
      • Cases
    • Logs
      • Overview
      • Log levels
      • Log stability
      • Log control
      • Log compression and decompression
      • Log metrics
      • Alert logs
      • View logs
        • Search for the logs of a specific SQL request
        • Query the log of a previous SQL request by using the SQL Trace feature
    • Daily inspection
      • Overview
      • Check cluster parameters
      • Check the host status
      • Check the resource usage status of a tenant
      • Check cluster resource usage
      • Check the OBServer node status
      • Check the NTP offset
      • Deadlock detection
      • End-to-end tracing
        • Overview
        • Process
        • Methods
        • Show end-to-end tracing information
        • Quick start: End-to-end diagnosis with obdiag
    • Performance tuning
      • Overview
      • Identify bottlenecks on the data link
      • Identify bottlenecks within components
        • ODP performance bottlenecks
        • ODP performance analysis
        • OBServer performance bottlenecks
          • Overview
          • Non-optimal plan
            • Non-optimal plan
            • Buffer tables
            • Cardinality
          • Hard parsing
          • Capacity issues
          • Internal wait events
      • SQL tuning
        • SQL tuning system
        • Execution plan optimization
          • Statistical information and row estimation
            • Overview
            • Statistical information
              • Overview
              • Collect statistical information
                • Overview
                • Manually collect statistics
                • Automatic statistics collection
              • Query statistics
              • Manage statistical information
                • Overview
                • Delete and set statistics
                • Import and export statistics
                • Lock statistics
                • Query historical versions of statistics and roll back to a specified version
                • Configure statistics collection strategies
            • Row estimation
              • Overview
              • Row estimation based on the selectivity
              • Row estimation based on the storage layer
            • Use statistical information and row estimation
          • Plan management
            • Plan cache
            • Disadvantages of the plan cache and countermeasures
            • Views related to the plan cache
          • Index selection
            • Overview
            • Reduce row reads
            • Avoid table access by index primary key
            • Avoid sorting
          • Join
            • Joins
            • Join algorithm
              • Nested loop joins
              • Hash Join
              • Merge join
              • Common business issues
            • Join types
            • Join order
          • Order and limit optimization
            • Overview
            • SORT assignment and optimization
            • Optimization in ORDER BY + LIMIT scenarios
        • Business logic optimization
          • SQL specifications
          • Schema specifications
        • Locate and analyze slow queries I
        • Locate and analyze slow queries II
        • Typical scenarios and cases
  • OceanBase AP
    • AP feature version history
    • Overview of OceanBase Database AP
    • Core features of OceanBase Database AP
    • Quickly try out OceanBase AP
    • Deployment
      • Overview
      • Parameter configuration recommendations for AP scenarios
      • Deploy and use columnstore replicas
      • AP query routing rules
      • Deploy an AP architecture
    • Data table design
      • Overview of data tables
      • Data distribution
        • Dynamic partitioning
      • Best practices for data table design
        • Data table design and query optimization in AP scenarios
        • JSON multi-value index and full-text index practices
        • Table partitioning design practices for OLAP scenarios
        • Configure Skip Index in conjunction with table update mode
    • Data migration
      • Best practices for migrating data from mainstream AP databases to OceanBase
    • Data collection
      • Import data
        • Overview
        • Direct load
          • Overview
          • Incremental direct load
        • Import data to an external table
        • Strategies and best practices
    • Data processing
      • Data processing in OceanBase Database
      • Data processing tools
      • Materialized views query acceleration
        • Query acceleration using materialized views
        • Practice scenarios of materialized views
    • Data lake
      • Data catalog
        • Overview of data catalogs
        • HMS Catalog
      • External table
        • External tables
    • Query acceleration
      • Overview
      • Statistics
      • Select a query parallelism level
    • Export data
    • Data visualization
    • Performance diagnosis and tuning
      • Use the DBMS_XPLAN package for performance diagnostics
      • Use the GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR view for performance analysis
      • Views related to AP performance analysis
    • Ecosystem integration
    • Tutorials
      • Recommended practical tutorials for analytical processing
    • AP FAQ
  • OceanBase AI
    • Overview
      • Overview of vector search
      • Core features of vector search
      • AI application workflow with OceanBase Vector Search
    • Quick start
      • Use SQL to perform vector search
      • Perform a vector search by using Python
    • Vector embedding
    • Store vector data
    • Vector index
      • Overview
      • Vector index memory management
      • Dense vector index
        • Choose an index type
        • HNSW index
        • IVF series indexes
      • Semantic index
      • Sparse vector index
        • In-Memory Sparse Index
      • Monitor and maintain vector indexes
    • Use SQL functions
    • Vector similarity search
    • Hybrid search
      • Hybrid search (SQL interface)
      • Hybrid search (PL interface)
    • AI function service
      • Overview
      • Get started with AI Function Service
      • AI function service privileges
      • Register AI models
      • Syntax and examples of AI Function Service
    • Migrate to OceanBase Database from a vector database
    • Practical tutorial
      • Overview
    • Benchmark testing with VectorDBBench
    • Vector search references
      • Overview of vector data types
      • Search index
      • Compatibility
      • Supported clients and languages
        • Java SDK interface
    • FAQ
  • Shared storage
    • Shared storage overview
    • Shared storage architecture
    • Multi-level caching in shared storage
    • Shared storage disaster recovery deployment
    • Hotspot cache (MySQL-compatible mode)
      • Overview
      • Create a table-level hot and cold storage strategy
      • Create a partition-level storage cache policy
      • Modify the cold and hot storage policy at the table level
      • Modify the partition-level hot and cold storage strategy
      • Manage the custom hot and cold storage strategy
      • Create a macro-block-level hot and cold storage strategy
    • Shared storage-related views overview
    • Overview of shared storage configuration items and system variables
  • Integrations
    • Overview
    • ORM frameworks
      • Java
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Spring Boot
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Spring Batch
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Spring Data JDBC
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Spring Data JPA
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Hibernate
        • Sample program that uses MyBatis to connect to OceanBase Database
      • Python
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using SQLAlchemy
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using peewee
      • Go
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using GORM
      • Ruby
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Active Record
        • Sequel
    • Database version management
      • Liquibase
    • Data integration
      • dbt
      • SeaTunnel
      • Maxwell
      • Debezium
    • SQL development
      • DBeaver
      • Navicat
      • DataGrip
      • TablePlus
    • Orchestration and scheduling
      • DolphinScheduler
      • Linkis
    • Visualization tools
      • Superset
      • Power BI
      • Quick BI
      • Tableau
    • Database management
      • NineData
      • Bytebase
    • AI
      • OpenAI
      • Qwen
      • LangChain
      • LlamaIndex
      • Dify
  • Tutorials
    • Build an image search application with OceanBase Database
    • Build an intelligent Q&A assistant with OceanBase Database
    • Build a real-time data warehouse and visual dashboard with OceanBase
    • Analyze data in OceanBase Database using Superset
    • Build a WordPress website with OceanBase Database
    • Use direct load to accelerate massive data import
  • Reference
    • OceanBase concepts
      • OceanBase Database architecture
      • Development of OceanBase Database
      • Multi-tenant architecture
        • Overview
        • Compatibility modes
        • Tenants
        • Tenants and resource management
          • Resource management for tenants
          • Multi-tenant resource isolation
          • Resource unit balancing
      • Database objects
        • Oracle-compatible mode
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Overview
            • Data type
              • Overview
              • Character data types
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • ROWID data types
              • LOB data types
              • Format model
                • Overview
                • Number format models
                • Datetime format models
              • Multi-model data types
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Replicated table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Temporary table
            • Table groups
          • Indexes
            • Overview of indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
            • External table partitions
          • Views
            • Views in a database
            • Standard views
              • Standard views
              • Overview
              • OceanBase-specific views
              • Oracle-compatible views
              • View operations and data access
          • Other objects
            • Sequences
            • Synonyms
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
              • CHECK constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
        • MySQL-compatible mode
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Overview
            • Table groups
            • Data type
              • Overview
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • Character data types
              • LOB data types
              • Multi-model data types
              • Spatial data types
              • JSON data types
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Replicated table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
          • Indexes
            • Overview
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Spatial indexes
            • Full-text index
            • Vector index
            • Search index
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
            • External table partitions
          • Views
            • Views in a database
            • Standard views
              • Overview
              • Overview
              • OceanBase-specific views
              • MySQL-compatible views
              • Oracle-compatible views in MySQL tenants
              • Oracle-compatible views in the sys tenant
              • View operations and data access
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • Foreign key constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
      • Distributed database objects
        • Overview
        • Cluster architecture
        • Data partitions and replicas
          • Overview
          • Log streams
          • Partition replica type
            • Overview
            • Full-featured replica
            • Read-only replicas
            • Columnstore replica
          • Multi-replica consensus protocols
          • Data balancing
            • Tenant-level load balancing
            • Views and parameters related to data balancing
        • Dynamic scaling
          • Tenant resource scaling
            • Overview
            • Scale out or scale in tenant resources
            • Vertical scaling of tenant resources
            • Cross-zone management of tenant resources
      • Data link
        • Overview
        • Database proxy
          • Overview
          • SQL routing
          • Connection management
          • ODP configuration management
          • Logs and monitoring
        • Database connector
          • Overview
          • OBCI
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • OceanBase Connector/C
        • Cross-data source access through DBLink
          • DBLink in MySQL mode
          • DBLink in Oracle mode
      • User interface and query language
        • SQL
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • SQL data access
            • SQL standards
          • SQL statements
            • Overview
            • DDL statements
            • Monitor DDL execution progress
            • DML statements
            • DCL
          • Execution process of SQL queries
          • Query SQL execution plans
          • Distributed execution plan
            • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
            • Generate distributed execution plans
            • Run and disable a parallel query
            • Manage distributed execution plans
            • Tune parameters for parallel queries
        • PL
          • PL concepts
            • Oracle-compatible mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • Triggers
              • Packages
            • MySQL-compatible mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • Triggers
          • PL subprogram execution mechanism
        • Client programming languages
      • Transaction management
        • Transaction
          • Overview
          • Transaction structure
          • Statement-level atomicity
          • GTS
          • Transaction control
            • Overview
            • Active transactions
            • Savepoint
            • Transaction control statements
              • MySQL transaction control
              • Oracle transaction control
          • Redo logs
          • Local transactions
          • Distributed transaction
            • Overview
            • Two-phase commit
          • XA transactions
        • Transaction concurrency and consistency
          • Overview
          • Multi-version read consistency
          • Concurrency control
            • Overview
            • Lock mechanism
            • Lock wait manager
          • Transaction isolation level
            • Overview
            • Transaction isolation levels in Oracle mode
            • Transaction isolation levels in MySQL mode
          • Weak-consistency read
      • Storage architecture
        • Overview of storage architecture
        • Data storage
          • Overview
          • MemTables
          • SSTables
          • Columnar storage
          • Compression and encoding
        • Compaction
          • Overview
          • Compaction
          • Major compaction
        • Multi-level caching in shared-nothing architecture
        • Multi-level caching in shared storage
        • Query processing
        • Data integrity
          • Detect silent data corruption
      • Data reliability and high availability
        • High availability architecture
          • Overview
          • ODP high availability
          • Leader election in distributed systems
          • Multi-replica log synchronization
          • Paxos protocol
          • Automatic handling of node failures
        • Deployment solutions for disaster recovery
        • Data protection
          • Overview
          • Flashback queries
          • Recycle bin
        • Backup and restore
          • Overview
          • Backup directory structure
          • Backup architecture
          • Restore process
        • Arbitration-based high availability solution
        • Physical Standby Database solution
      • Database security
        • Overview
        • Authentication
        • Access control
        • Data transmission encryption
        • Data storage encryption
        • Monitoring and alerting
        • Security audit
      • OBServer node architecture
        • Structure of the OBServer node installation directory
        • Configuration file
        • observer thread model
          • Threads
          • Worker threads
          • Background threads
        • Logs
        • Memory management
          • Overview
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Memory-related views
          • Memory usage logs
          • Diagnose memory errors
    • Performance tuning
      • Overview
      • Performance related tools
        • System tools
          • Top
          • CPU tools
          • Memory tools
          • Disk I/O tools
          • Network tools
        • Internal tables
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
        • Logs
          • slow trans
          • dump tenant info
          • Trace logs
        • OCP
      • System tuning
        • OS parameter tuning
        • Database parameter tuning
          • CPU parameters
          • I/O parameters
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Network transmission parameters
        • ODP parameter tuning
          • CPU parameters
          • Network transmission parameters
          • Routing parameters on nodes
      • Business model tuning
        • Load balancing
        • SQL diagnostics
        • Distributed transactions
      • Performance diagnosis
        • Monitor and diagnose the cluster performance
        • Diagnose tenant performance
        • Monitor ODP performance
        • Monitor host performance
        • WR management
          • Overview
          • Manage WR
          • Monitor historical session performance
          • Clean up WR data
        • ASH report
          • ASH
          • Generate an ASH report
          • Analyze an ASH report
      • SQL tuning
        • Execution process of SQL queries
        • SQL execution plans
          • Introduction to SQL execution plans
          • Execution plan operators
            • TABLE SCAN
            • JOIN
            • COUNT
            • GROUP BY
            • WINDOW FUNCTION
            • SUBPLAN FILTER
            • DISTINCT
            • SEQUENCE
            • MATERIAL
            • SORT
            • LIMIT
            • FOR UPDATE
            • SELECT INTO
            • SUBPLAN SCAN
            • UNION
            • INTERSECT
            • EXCEPT/MINUS
            • INSERT
            • DELETE
            • UPDATE
            • MERGE
            • EXCHANGE
            • GI
          • Plan cache
          • Fast parameterization
          • Real-time execution plan display
          • SQL optimization practice with EXPLAIN
        • Distributed execution plans
          • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
          • Parallel DML
          • Parallel DDL
          • Generate a distributed plan
          • Schedule distributed execution plans
          • Manage distributed execution plans
          • Parallel execution enabling methods and their priority
          • Auto DOP
          • Execute parallel queries
          • Perform parameter tuning for a parallel query
        • Parallel execution plans
          • Introduction to parallel execution
          • Classification and optimization of parallel execution
          • Set concurrent execution
            • Concurrency control and queuing
            • Set a DOP for parallel execution
            • Set parallel execution parameters
          • Parallel execution diagnostics
          • Parallel execution tuning tips
          • Quick start
        • SQL tuning
          • Overview
          • General procedure
          • SQL execution performance monitoring
            • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
            • SQL Trace
            • Plan cache views
            • SQL performance analysis example
              • Use SQL Audit to analyze wait events in a query
              • Analyze SQL queries that cause an abrupt RT jitter
              • View and analyze the shape of an execution plan
              • Analyze slow SQL queries
              • Query SQL traffic distribution and QPS
              • Check whether SQL queries are balanced across servers in a cluster
              • Find the TOP N SQL queries
              • Analyze whether an unusually large number of remote execution requests exist in the system or the execution of an SQL statement
              • Find full table scan SQL statements in a tenant
              • Find the TOP N queries with the longest execution time within a certain period
              • Analyze queries related to distributed plans
              • Check whether the RPC execution count of a distributed subplan is balanced across servers in a cluster
          • Optimizer statistics
            • Overview of statistics
            • Statistics collection methods
              • Overview
              • Histograms
              • Manually collect statistics
              • Automatic statistics collection
              • Online statistics collection
              • Dynamic sampling
            • Statistics management
              • Overview
              • Delete statistics
              • Set statistics
              • Import and export statistics
              • Lock and unlock statistics
              • Manage statistics history
              • Manage statistics preferences
            • Monitoring and diagnostics for statistics collection
            • OceanBase statistics management practical guide
          • Query rewrite
            • Overview
            • Rule-based query rewrite
            • Cost-based query rewrite
          • Query optimization
            • Access path
              • Overview
              • Rule-based path selection
              • Cost-based path selection
            • Join algorithm
              • Overview
              • Join algorithms
              • Runtime filter
              • Join order
          • Manage execution plans
            • Optimizer hint
            • Plan binding
            • SPM plan management
        • Glossary
        • General issues in SQL tuning
    • Database proxy
      • OceanBase Database Proxy
      • Connection and routing
      • View tenant sessions
      • Terminate a tenant session
      • Set the maximum number of connections for a tenant
      • ODP
        • Overview
        • Manage ODP clusters
          • Create an ODP cluster
          • Manage ODP cluster parameters
          • Delete an ODP cluster
          • Upgrade all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Restart all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Manage OceanBase clusters connected to an ODP cluster
          • Monitor ODP cluster performance
        • Manage ODP
          • Add an ODP
          • Start an ODP
          • Refresh ODP configurations
          • Stop an ODP
          • Restart an ODP
          • Delete an ODP
          • Upgrade one or more ODPs
        • ODP startup parameters
      • Physical connections
      • Logical connection
        • Query all sessions
        • Query the details of a session
        • Query the metrics of a session
        • Query session variables
        • Terminate a server session
      • Route management
        • Table-based routing of ODP
        • LDC-based routing
        • ODP routing policy
          • Read/Write splitting
          • Follower-first read
          • Blocklist mechanism
          • Transaction routing
    • Drivers
      • ECOB
      • OBCI
      • OceanBase Connector/J
      • OceanBase Connector/C
      • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
    • Platforms
      • OMA
      • OMS
      • OCP
      • ODC
      • OAT
    • Components & tools
      • O&M management
        • obshell
          • Release notes
            • V4.3
              • OceanBase Shell V4.3.1.0 for local clusters
              • OceanBase Shell V4.3.2.1
              • OceanBase Shell V4.3.2.0
            • V4.4
              • OceanBase Shell V4.4.0.0 for local clusters
          • Use cases
            • obshell management
              • Start or stop obshell
              • Upgrade obshell
            • cluster management
              • Deploy an OceanBase cluster
              • Deploy ODP
              • Take over an OceanBase cluster not deployed by obshell
              • Start an OceanBase cluster
              • Stop an OceanBase cluster
              • Use obshell to scale out an OceanBase cluster
              • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
              • Initiate a cluster-level backup
            • Tenant management
              • Create a tenant
              • Initiate a tenant-level backup
              • Initiate tenant-level restore
              • Expand a tenant
            • Configure an OBServer node to start automatically on boot
          • obshell commands
            • Agent commands of obshell
            • Cluster commands of obshell
            • obshell unit commands
            • obshell resource pool commands
            • Tenant command group of obshell
            • Task commands of obshell
            • Backup commands in obshell
            • obshell restore command group
            • obshell recyclebin command group
          • obshell Dashboard
            • Tenant management
              • Session management
            • Performance monitoring
            • Manage inspection services
            • Manage credentials
          • API references
            • obshell API requests
            • obshell management
              • AgentUpgradeCheck
              • UpgradeAgent
              • Set node password
              • QueryNodeStatus
            • Task management
              • OperateDag
              • GetDagDetails
              • GetNodeDetails
              • GetSubtaskDetails
              • QueryUnfinishedTasks
              • QueryUnfinishedAgentTasks
              • QueryUnfinishedObTasks
              • QueryLastObTask
              • QueryLastAgentTask
            • Other APIs
              • GetPublicKey
              • UploadPkg
            • Hybrid encryption for API operations
            • cluster management
              • Add a node before cluster initialization
              • DeleteNodeBeforeClusterInitialization
              • SetClusterConfig
              • SetServerConfig
              • Initialize Cluster
              • StartCluster
              • StopCluster
              • ObUpgradeCheck
              • Upgrade OceanBase Database
              • Scale out a cluster
              • GetObInfo
            • ODP management
              • Deploy ODP
              • Start ODP
              • Stop ODP
              • Upload an ODP installation package
              • Upgrade ODP
              • Destroy ODP
            • Unit config management
              • Create a resource specification
              • Retrieve all resource specifications
              • Query the information of a specified resource specification
              • Delete a resource specification
            • Resource pool management
              • Get information about all resource pools
              • Delete a specified resource pool
            • Tenant management
              • Create a tenant
              • Add a tenant replica
              • Modify a tenant replica
              • Delete a tenant replica
              • Lock a tenant
              • Unlock a tenant
              • Get an overview of all tenants
              • Query a system variable of a specified tenant
              • Fuzzy query tenant system variables
              • Query a tenant parameter
              • Fuzzy query tenant parameters
              • Query tenant information
              • Change the tenant password
              • Modify the access whitelist of a tenant
              • Modify the primary zone of a tenant
              • Modify tenant system variables
              • Modify tenant configurations
              • Rename a tenant
              • Create a user
              • Delete a user
              • Delete a tenant
            • Session management
              • Query the session list of a tenant
              • Get tenant session details
              • Obtain tenant session statistics
              • Terminate a tenant session
              • Terminate a tenant session query
              • Query tenant deadlock history
            • Backup management
              • Set the backup configuration for a tenant
              • Set cluster-level backup configurations
              • Update the backup configuration of a tenant
              • Update the cluster-level backup configuration
              • Initiate a backup for a single tenant
              • Initiate a cluster-level backup
              • View information about a backup task for a tenant
              • View cluster-level backup tasks
              • Modify the backup status of a tenant
              • Modify the status of cluster-level backups
              • Modify the log archiving status of a tenant
              • Modify the log archiving status of a cluster
            • Restore management
              • Initiate tenant restore
              • View tenant recovery
              • Cancel tenant restore
            • Inspection service management
              • Trigger an inspection
              • Query inspection history
              • Obtain an inspection report
            • Recycle bin management
              • Query all tenant information in the recycle bin
              • Restore a tenant from the recycle bin
              • Clear a tenant from the recycle bin
            • Credential management
              • Create credentials
              • Obtain credentials
              • Update credentials
              • Delete a credential
              • Batch delete credentials
              • Query the credential list
              • Verify credentials
              • Batch verify credentials
              • Update the credential encryption key
          • SDK references
            • Python
              • Quick start
              • Task management
                • Operate a task
                • Obtain the information about a task
                • Obtain the information about a node
                • Obtain the information about a subtask
                • Query all unfinished tasks
                • Query unfinished agent tasks
                • Query unfinished OceanBase cluster tasks
                • Query the last O&M task in an OceanBase cluster
                • Query the last O&M task of an obshell node
              • obshell management
                • Perform an agent upgrade check
                • Upgrade agents
                • Set node password
                • Query the status of a node
              • Other APIs
                • Upload an RPM package
              • cluster management
                • Perform an OceanBase Database upgrade check
                • Upgrade OceanBase Database
                • Scale out a cluster
                • Query the information about a cluster
                • Clean up obshell nodes in an uninitialized cluster
                • Create a cluster
                • Add a node before cluster initialization
                • Remove a node before cluster initialization
                • Set cluster-level configurations
                • Set server-level configurations
                • Initialize a cluster
                • Start a cluster
                • Stop a cluster
              • ODP management
                • Deploy ODP
                • Start ODP
                • Stop ODP
                • Upload an ODP installation package
                • Upgrade ODP
                • Destroy ODP
              • Unit config management
                • Create a resource specification
                • Obtain information about all resource specifications
                • Query information about a specified resource unit
                • Delete a resource specification
              • Resource pool management
                • Get information about all resource pools
                • Delete a resource pool
              • Tenant management
                • Create a tenant
                • Query tenant information
                • Change the password of a tenant
                • Modify the access whitelist of a tenant
                • Modify the primary zone of a tenant
                • Modify tenant system variables
                • Modify tenant parameters
                • Rename a tenant
                • Create a user
                • Delete a user
                • Drop a tenant
                • Add a tenant replica
                • Modify a tenant replica
                • Delete a tenant replica
                • Lock a tenant
                • Unlock a tenant
                • Query the overview of all tenants
                • Query tenant system variables
                • Query tenant configuration items
              • Backup management
                • Configure the backup settings for a tenant
                • Configure cluster-level backup settings
                • Update the backup configuration of a tenant
                • Update cluster-level backup configuration
                • Initiate a backup for a single tenant
                • Initiate a cluster-level backup
                • View a backup task of a tenant
                • View cluster-level tenant backup tasks
                • Modify the backup status of a tenant
                • Modify the status of cluster-level backups
                • Change the log archiving status of a tenant
                • Modify the log archiving status of a cluster
              • Restore management
                • Restore a single tenant
                • View tenant recovery
                • Cancel tenant restoration
              • Recycle bin management
                • Get information about all tenants in the recycle bin
                • Restore a tenant from the recycle bin
                • Purge a tenant from the recycle bin
            • GO
              • Quick Start with obshell-sdk-go
              • Task management
                • Operate a task
                • Obtain the information about a task
                • Obtain the information about a node
                • Obtain the information about a subtask
                • Query all unfinished tasks
                • Query unfinished agent tasks
                • Query unfinished OceanBase cluster tasks
                • Query the last O&M task in an OceanBase cluster
                • Query the last O&M task of an obshell node
              • obshell management
                • Perform an agent upgrade check
                • Upgrade agents
                • Query the status of a node
              • Other APIs
                • Upload an RPM package
              • cluster management
                • Perform an OceanBase Database upgrade check
                • Upgrade OceanBase Database
                • Scale out a cluster
                • Query the information about a cluster
                • Clean up obshell nodes in an uninitialized cluster
                • Create a cluster
                • Add a node before cluster initialization
                • Remove a node before cluster initialization
                • Set cluster-level configurations
                • Set server-level configurations
                • Initialize a cluster
                • Start a cluster
                • Stop a cluster
              • Unit config management
                • Create a resource unit configuration
                • Query all resource specifications
                • Query the specifications of a specified resource
                • Drop a resource unit configuration
              • Resource pool management
                • Get information about all resource pools
                • Drop a resource pool
              • Tenant management
                • Create a tenant
                • Query tenant information
                • Change a tenant password
                • Modify the tenant access whitelist
                • Modify the primary zone of a tenant
                • Modify tenant system variables
                • Modify tenant parameters
                • Rename a tenant
                • Drop a tenant
                • Add a tenant replica
                • Modify a tenant replica
                • Delete a tenant replica
                • Lock a tenant
                • Unlock a tenant
                • Query the overview of all tenants
                • Query tenant system variables
                • Query tenant configuration items
              • Backup management
                • Set the backup configuration for a tenant
                • Set the cluster-level backup configuration
                • Update the backup configuration for a tenant
                • Update the cluster-level backup configuration
                • Initiate a backup for a single tenant
                • Initiate a cluster-level backup
                • View a backup task for a tenant
                • View cluster-level tenant backup tasks
                • Modify the backup status of a tenant
                • Modify the status of a cluster-level backup
                • Change the log archiving status of a tenant
                • Modify the status of cluster-level log archiving
              • Restore management
                • Initiate a restore for a single tenant
                • View tenant recovery
                • Cancel tenant restore
              • Recycle bin management
                • Get information about all tenants in the recycle bin
                • Restore a tenant from the recycle bin
                • Purge tenants from the recycle bin
        • obd
        • ob_admin
          • Overview
          • clog
            • log_tool
            • Format of clogs
            • Transaction logs
          • Backup and restore
            • dump_backup
            • test_io_device
            • io_adapter_benchmark
          • dumpsst
        • ob-operator
        • ob_error
      • Monitoring and diagnostics
        • obdiag
        • sql_diagnoser
          • Overview
          • Install and use SQL diagnoser sql_diagnoser
            • Install sql_diagnoser
            • Use sql_diagnoser
          • sql_diagnoser parameters
            • Built-in diagnostic items
            • Diagnostic rule expression
            • API operations
            • Diagnostic items of SQL review
      • Log analysis
        • oblogminer
          • Overview
          • Install oblogminer
          • Command-line options
          • Examples
          • FAQ
      • Data integration
        • obloader and obdumper
        • oblogproxy
        • obcdc
          • OceanBase Binlog Service
          • FAQ
          • obcdc parameters
            • General obcdc parameters
            • obcdc parameters
            • Sample configuration file
          • obcdc development instructions
          • obcdc_tailf
          • Throttling
          • obcdc allowlist and blocklist
          • Incremental direct load in obcdc
      • Stress testing tools
        • mysqltest
          • Use obd.sh to run mysqltest
          • Use of cases
            • Add a test case
            • Test case writing conventions
            • General test case writing commands
    • OceanBase plugin
      • Overview of OceanBase plugin
      • Tokenizer plugin
      • MySQL external table plugin
    • System management
      • Configuration management
        • Overview
        • Set parameters
        • Set variables
      • Storage management
        • Minor compaction management
          • Overview
          • Automatically trigger a minor compaction
          • Manually initiate a minor compaction
          • View minor compaction information
          • Modify minor compaction parameters
        • Major compaction management
          • Overview
          • Automatically trigger a major compaction
          • Trigger daily tenant compaction
          • Window compaction
          • Adaptive major compactions
          • Manually trigger a major compaction
          • Manually control a major compaction
          • View the information about major compactions
          • Modify major compaction settings
        • Data compression
          • Overview
          • Data encoding and compression
        • Use the TTL feature
      • Memory management
        • Overview
        • Memory structure
        • Set the maximum memory for an OceanBase database
        • Manage internal system memory
        • Memory management in a tenant
        • Manage the memory of the plan cache
        • Memleak-based regular memory leak diagnostics mechanism
        • Query memory usage information
        • FAQ about memory
      • Process management
        • Overview
        • Multi-tenant threads of OceanBase Database
        • View the thread status
        • Background threads of OceanBase Database
        • FAQ about multi-tenant threads
      • Disk management
        • Configure dynamic expansion of disk data files
        • View the disk space used by a tenant or table
    • Database object management
      • Overview
      • MySQL-compatible mode
        • Create and manage databases
          • Create a database
          • View databases
          • Modify a database
          • Drop a database
        • Create and manage tables
          • Overview
          • Create and manage external tables
            • About external tables
            • Create an external table
            • Add partitions for an external table
            • Manage external files
            • Data type mapping
          • Create a table
          • Skip index attribute
          • Define an auto-increment column
          • Define column constraints
          • Query tables
          • Modify a table
          • Change the attribute of a table
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Partition splitting
            • Overview
            • Manual partition splitting
            • Automatic partition splitting
          • Dynamic partitioning
            • Overview of dynamic partitioning
            • Create a dynamic partitioned table
            • Query a dynamic partitioned table
            • Modify a dynamic partitioned table
            • Dynamic partition management tasks
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Add a partition
          • Delete a partition
          • Truncate partitions
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
          • Partition exchange
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • Overview
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
          • Manage standard views
          • Manage materialized views
            • Overview of materialized views
            • Materialized view logs
            • Automatic management of materialized view logs
            • Create a materialized view
            • Refresh a materialized view
            • Rewrite queries based on materialized views
            • Query materialized views
            • Modify the attributes of a materialized view
            • Drop a materialized view
        • Create and manage sequences
          • Create a sequence
          • Query sequences
          • Reference a sequence
          • Modify a sequence
          • Drop a sequence
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • Drop a trigger
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
        • Create and manage catalogs
          • Create a catalog
          • View a catalog
      • Oracle-compatible mode
        • Create and manage tables
          • Overview
          • Create a table
          • Skip index attribute
          • Define column constraints
          • Query the definition of a table
          • Modify a table
          • Change the attribute of a table
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • Overview
            • Create an external table
            • Add partitions for an external table
            • Manage external files
            • Data type mapping
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Partition splitting
            • Overview
            • Manual partition splitting
            • Automatic subpartition splitting
          • Dynamic partitioning
            • Overview of dynamic partitioning
            • Create a dynamic partitioned table
            • Query a dynamic partitioned table
            • Modify a dynamic partitioned table
            • Dynamic partition management tasks
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Rename a partition
          • Add a partition
          • Drop partitions
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
          • Partition exchange
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • Overview
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
          • Manage standard views
          • Manage materialized views
            • Overview
            • Materialized view logs
            • Automatic management of materialized view logs
            • Create a materialized view
            • Refresh materialized views
            • Rewrite queries based on materialized views
            • Query materialized views
            • Modify the attributes of a materialized view
            • Drop a materialized view
        • Manage sequences
        • Manage synonyms
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Create an INSTEAD OF trigger
          • Create a composite trigger
          • Modify and drop a trigger
          • Disable or enable a trigger
          • Query trigger information
        • Manage directory objects
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Use a DBLink to modify the data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
          • Install and configure OCI
    • Database design specifications and practices
      • Object naming conventions
        • Overview
        • Tenant naming conventions
        • User naming conventions
        • Table naming conventions
        • Field naming conventions
        • Other naming conventions
      • Object structure design specifications
        • Field design
        • Table structure design
        • Partitioned table design
        • Index design
        • Other structural designs
      • Character set specifications
      • Database connection specifications
      • Comments
      • ORM conventions
      • Exception handling
    • SQL reference
      • SQL syntax
        • System tenants
          • Overview of management commands
          • DROP RESOURCE UNIT
          • DROP TENANT
          • SET DECRYPTION
          • SET ENCRYPTION
          • SHOW RESTORE PREVIEW
          • ALTER SYSTEM
            • ACTIVATE STANDBY
            • ADD REPLICA
            • ADD RESTORE SOURCE
            • ARCHIVELOG
            • ARBITRATION
            • BOOTSTRAP
            • BACKUP KEY
            • BACKUP
            • BACKUP CLUSTER PARAMETERS
            • BALANCE TASK
            • BALANCE JOB
            • CANCEL BACKUP
            • CANCEL DELETE BACKUP
            • CANCEL MIGRATE UNIT
            • CANCEL REPLICA TASK
            • CANCEL RESTORE
            • CANCEL RECOVER TABLE
            • CANCEL TRANSFER PARTITION
            • CANCEL VALIDATE
            • CLEAR RESTORE SOURCE
            • CREATE LS
            • DELETE BACKUP ALL
            • DELETE BACKUPSET/ARCHIVELOG_PIECE
            • DELETE OBSOLETE BACKUP
            • LOAD MODULE DATA
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • MIGRATE REPLICA
            • MIGRATE UNIT
            • MODIFY LS
            • MODIFY PAXOS_REPLICA_NUM
            • MODIFY REPLICA
            • NOARCHIVELOG
            • FLUSH PLAN CACHE
            • FLUSH SEQUENCE CACHE
            • FLUSH SS_LOCAL_CACHE
            • FLUSH ss_micro_cache
            • FLASHBACK STANDBY LOG
            • JOB
            • SET LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
            • PARAMETER
            • RECOVER STANDBY
            • RECOVER STANDBY CANCEL
            • REMOVE REPLICA
            • REFRESH
            • RESTORE
            • RESTORE PREVIEW
            • RECOVER TABLE
            • SET DATA_BACKUP_DEST
            • SERVER
            • SERVICE_NAME
            • SWITCHOVER
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE
            • THROTTLE
            • TRANSFER PARTITION
            • TTL
            • VALIDATE
            • WASH MEMORY FRAGMENTATION
            • ZONE
          • ALTER RESOURCE POOL
          • ALTER RESOURCE TENANT
          • ALTER RESOURCE UNIT
          • ALTER TENANT
          • CREATE RESOURCE POOL
          • CREATE RESOURCE UNIT
          • CREATE TENANT
          • CREATE STANDBY TENANT
          • DROP RESOURCE POOL
        • User tenants (MySQL-compatible mode)
          • Basic elements
            • Data types
              • Data types
              • Roaring bitmap types
                • Overview of the RoaringBitmap data type
                • Create a roaring bitmap column
              • Array data types
                • Overview of array element types
                • Create an array column
              • Map data types
                • Overview of mapping data types
                • Create a mapped column
              • Numeric types
                • Overview of numeric types
                • Integer types
                • Fixed-point types
                • Floating-point types
                • BIT Value
              • Datetime types
                • Overview of datetime types
                • DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP types
                • TIME type
                • YEAR type
              • String types
                • Overview of string types
                • CHAR and VARCHAR
                • BINARY and VARBINARY
              • Large objects and text types
                • Overview of large objects and text types
                • BLOB type
                • TEXT types
                • STRING type
                • LOB types
              • ENUM type
              • Set types
              • JSON data types
                • Overview of JSON data types
                • Create a JSON value
                • Query and modify JSON values
                • Convert data types to JSON
                • Update JSON data
                • Semi-structured encoding
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview of spatial data types
                • Spatial reference systems (SRS)
                • Create spatial columns
                • Create spatial indexes
                • Spatial data formats
            • Expressions
              • Overview of expressions
              • Expression syntax
              • Data type conversion rules
            • Character set and collation
              • Overview
              • Character Sets
              • Character sets
              • Database-level character set and collation
              • Table-level character set and collation
              • Column-level character sets and collations
              • Character set and collation of character expressions
              • Character set and collation for client connections
            • Literals
              • Literals
              • String literals
              • Numeric values
              • Date and time values
              • Bit values
              • Boolean values
              • NULL values
            • Schema object names
            • Annotations
              • Hints
                • Overview
                • Use Query Block Name and QB_NAME Hint to control query optimization
                • Hint list
                  • Global hints
                    • Optimizer Stats Hint under the Global Hint Type
                    • Transform Hint in the Global Hints section
                    • Other hints under the global hint type
                  • Optimizer hints
                    • Access path hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Join order hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Join operation hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Subquery hints under the Optimized Hint category
                    • Group By Hint in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Distinct hint
                    • Set Hint in Optimized Hint Type
                    • Distributed DML hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Vector Index Hint in the Optimized Hint category
                  • Transform hints
                    • Stmt Transform Hint
                    • Cost-based transform hints
                    • Heuristics transform hints
                    • Other hints under the Transform Hint type
                  • Outline-related hints
            • User-defined variables
            • Comments
          • Operators
            • Overview
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Bitwise operators
            • Comparison operators
            • Logical operators
            • Assignment operator
            • Date and time operators
            • Character concatenation operators
            • BINARY conversion operators
            • CASE conditional operator
          • Functions
            • Function overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Datetime functions
                • ADDDATE
                • DATE_FORMAT
                • FORMATDATETIME
                • TOUNIXTIMESTAMP
                • DATE_SUB
                • DATEDIFF
                • DAYOFMONTH
                • DAYOFWEEK
                • DAYOFYEAR
                • EXTRACT
                • FROM_DAYS
                • FROM_UNIXTIME
                • GET_FORMAT
                • CONVERT_TZ
                • HOUR
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIME
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MAKEDATE
                • MAKETIME
                • MICROSECOND
                • MINUTE
                • MONTH
                • MONTHNAME
                • CURDATE
                • NOW
                • PERIOD_ADD
                • PERIOD_DIFF
                • QUARTER
                • SEC_TO_TIME
                • SECOND
                • STR_TO_DATE
                • SUBDATE
                • SUBTIME
                • SYSDATE
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • TIME
                • TIME_FORMAT
                • TIME_TO_SEC
                • TIME_TO_USEC
                • TIMEDIFF
                • TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMPADD
                • TIMESTAMPDIFF
                • TO_DAYS
                • TO_SECONDS
                • CURRENT_TIME
                • UNIX_TIMESTAMP
                • USEC_TO_TIME
                • UTC_DATE
                • UTC_TIME
                • UTC_TIMESTAMP
                • WEEK
                • WEEKDAY
                • WEEKOFYEAR
                • YEARWEEK
                • YEAR
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • ADDTIME
                • DAYNAME
                • DAY
                • CURTIME
                • DATE
                • DATE_TRUNC
                • MONTHS_ADD
                • DATE_ADD
              • String functions
                • ASCII
                • EDITDISTANCE
                • ELT
                • EXPORT_SET
                • BIN
                • FIELD
                • FIND_IN_SET
                • FORMAT
                • BIT_LENGTH
                • HEX
                • INSERT
                • INSTR
                • INT2IP
                • IP2INT
                • KEYVALUE
                • CHAR
                • LCASE
                • LEFT
                • CHAR_LENGTH
                • LENGTH
                • LOCATE
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • MAKE_SET
                • MAX_PT
                • MD5_CONCAT_WS
                • MID
                • OCT
                • OCTET_LENGTH
                • ORD
                • CHARACTER_LENGTH
                • POSITION
                • CONCAT
                • QUOTE
                • REGEXP
                • REGEXP_INSTR
                • REGEXP_LIKE
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPEAT
                • REPLACE
                • REVERSE
                • RIGHT
                • CONCAT_WS
                • RLIKE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SPACE
                • SPLIT_PART
                • STRCMP
                • SUBSTR
                • SUBSTRING
                • SUBSTRING_INDEX
                • TRIM
                • UCASE
                • UNHEX
                • UPPER
                • URL_DECODE
                • URL_ENCODE
                • WEIGHT_STRING
                • TO_BASE64
                • FROM_BASE64
                • SOUNDEX
              • Conversion functions
                • CAST
                • CONVERT
                • DECODE_TRACE_ID
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_CHAR(character)
                • TO_CHAR(number)
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_DATE
              • Mathematical functions
                • ABS
                • COS
                • COT
                • CRC32
                • DEGREES
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • LOG10
                • LOG2
                • ACOS
                • MOD
                • NEG
                • NORMAL
                • PI
                • POW
                • POWER
                • RADIANS
                • RAND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • ASIN
                • ROUND
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TRUNCATE
                • ATAN
                • UNIFORM
                • ATAN2
                • ZIPF
                • BIT_COUNT
                • CEIL
                • CEILING
                • CONV
              • Comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • INTERVAL
                • ISNULL
                • LEAST
              • Process control functions
                • CASE
                • IF
                • IFNULL
                • NULLIF
                • ORA_DECODE
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • MIN
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • AVG
              • ARBITRARY
              • ARG_MAX
              • ARG_MIN
              • BIT_AND
              • ANY
              • GROUPCONCAT
              • STDDEVSAMP
              • UNIQ
              • VARSAMP
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • GROUP_CONCAT
              • GROUPING
              • MAX
            • Analysis functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • NTH_VALUE
              • NTILE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • RANK
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • LAGINFRAME
              • LEADINFRAME
            • Encryption functions
              • AES_DECRYPT
              • MD5
              • PASSWORD
              • UNCOMPRESS
              • UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH
              • RANDOM_BYTES
              • SHA
              • SHA1
              • SHA2
              • VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH
              • SM3
              • SM4_ENCRYPT
              • AES_ENCRYPT
              • SM4_DECRYPT
              • COMPRESS
              • DECODE
              • DES_DECRYPT
              • DES_ENCRYPT
              • ENCODE
              • ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_DECRYPT
            • Information functions
              • BENCHMARK
              • ICU_VERSION
              • OB_TRANSACTION_ID
              • ROW_COUNT
              • SCHEMA
              • SESSION_USER
              • SYSTEM_USER
              • USER
              • VERSION
              • OB_VERSION
              • CHARSET
              • COERCIBILITY
              • COLLATION
              • CONNECTION_ID
              • CURRENT_ROLE
              • CURRENT_USER
              • DATABASE
              • FOUND_ROWS
              • LAST_INSERT_ID
              • LAST_INSERT_ID Behavior Description
            • JSON functions
              • Functions for creating JSON text
                • JSON_ARRAY
                • JSON_OBJECT
                • JSON_QUOTE
              • Functions for searching JSON text
                • JSON_CONTAINS
                • JSON_CONTAINS_PATH
                • JSON_EXTRACT
                • JSON_KEYS
                • JSON_OVERLAPS
                • JSON_SEARCH
                • JSON_VALUE
                • MEMBER OF
              • Functions for modifying JSON text
                • JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
                • JSON_UNQUOTE
                • JSON_APPEND
                • JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
                • JSON_INSERT
                • JSON_MERGE
                • JSON_MERGE_PATCH
                • JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE
                • JSON_REMOVE
                • JSON_REPLACE
                • JSON_SET
              • Functions for returning JSON text properties
                • JSON_DEPTH
                • JSON_LENGTH
                • JSON_TYPE
                • JSON_VALID
              • JSON_TABLE function
              • JSON utility functions
                • JSON_PRETTY
                • JSON_STORAGE_SIZE
              • JSON aggregate functions
                • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                • JSON_OBJECTAGG
              • JSON schema validation functions
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALID
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALIDATION_REPORT
              • JSON functions
            • XML functions
              • Overview of XML functions
              • Functions for querying XML data
                • EXTRACTVALUE
              • Functions for modifying XML data
                • UPDATEXML
            • Table functions
              • Overview of TABLE FUNCTIONS
              • FILES table function
            • Spatial functions
              • Overview of spatial functions
              • Spatial processing functions
              • _ST_GeoHash
              • Create a geometry value function
              • Spatial operation functions
              • Spatial relationship functions
              • Geometry attribute functions
              • Geometry format conversion functions
              • Spatial analysis functions
              • Spatial constructor functions
              • Spatial accessor functions
              • Spatial format conversion functions
            • Performance schema functions
              • FORMAT_BYTES
              • FORMAT_PICO_TIME
            • Lock functions
              • Overview of lock functions
              • GET_LOCK
              • IS_FREE_LOCK
              • IS_USED_LOCK
              • RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS()
              • RELEASE_LOCK
            • Bitmap functions
              • Overview
              • RoaringBitmap constructor
              • Bitmap cardinality calculation functions
              • Bitmap operation functions
              • Bitmap decision functions
              • Bitmap output functions
              • Bitmap aggregate functions
            • Array functions
              • Overview of array functions
              • Array constructor functions
              • Array decision functions
              • Array output functions
              • Array functions
            • Text processing functions
              • TOKENIZE
            • Audit functions
              • Overview
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_USER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_USER
            • Map functions
              • Overview of mapping functions
              • Map constructors and operators
              • Map decision functions
              • Map operation functions
            • Other functions
              • ANY_VALUE
              • BIN_TO_UUID
              • COALESCE
              • DEFAULT
              • NAME_CONST
              • INET_ATON
              • INET_NTOA
              • INET6_ATON
              • INET6_NTOA
              • IS_IPV4
              • IS_IPV4_COMPAT
              • IS_IPV6
              • IS_UUID
              • MATCH AGAINST
              • NVL
              • UUID_TO_BIN
              • SLEEP
              • UUID
              • UUID_SHORT
              • VALUES
              • ISNAN
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Subqueries
            • Join
            • Full-text search
          • SQL statements
            • General syntax
            • Common table expressions
            • ALTER COMPILE
            • ALTER DATABASE
            • ALTER LOCATION
            • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
            • ALTER OUTLINE
            • ALTER SENSITIVE RULE
            • ALTER SEQUENCE
            • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
            • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH SEQUENCE CACHE
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • STORAGE_CACHE_POLICY_EXECUTOR
            • VALIDATE
            • ALTER TABLE
            • ALTER TABLEGROUP
            • ALTER TABLESPACE
            • ALTER USER
            • ALTER VIEW
            • ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY
            • ALTER EVENT
            • ANALYZE
            • CACHE INDEX
            • CREATE CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
            • CREATE DATABASE LINK
            • CREATE DATABASE
            • CREATE EXTERNAL CATALOG
            • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
            • CREATE INDEX
            • CREATE LOCATION
            • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • CREATE OUTLINE
            • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
            • CREATE RESTORE POINT
            • CREATE ROLE
            • CREATE SENSITIVE RULE
            • CREATE SEQUENCE
            • CREATE TABLE
            • CREATE TABLEGROUP
            • CREATE TABLESPACE
            • CREATE USER
            • CREATE VIEW
            • CHECKSUM TABLE
            • CREATE EVENT
            • DEALLOCATE PREPARE
            • DROP DATABASE LINK
            • DELETE
            • DESCRIBE
            • DROP CATALOG
            • DROP CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
            • DROP DATABASE
            • DROP EVENT
            • DROP INDEX
            • DROP LOCATION
            • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • DROP OUTLINE
            • DROP ROLE
            • DROP SENSITIVE RULE
            • DROP TABLE
            • DROP TABLEGROUP
            • DROP TABLESPACE
            • DROP SEQUENCE
            • DROP USER
            • DROP VIEW
            • DROP RESTORE POINT
            • EXECUTE
            • EXPLAIN
            • FLASHBACK
            • FLUSH TABLE
            • GRANT
            • HELP
            • INSERT
            • KILL
            • LOAD DATA
            • LOAD_FILE
            • LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE
            • LOCK TABLES
            • OPTIMIZE
            • PREPARE
            • PURGE
            • PURGE RECYCLEBIN
            • RENAME USER
            • RENAME TABLE
            • REPLACE
            • REPAIR TABLE
            • REMOVE
            • REVOKE
            • SAVEPOINT
            • SCHEMA
            • SELECT INTO
            • SELECT
              • SELECT
              • JOIN clause
              • WINDOW clause
              • UNION clause
              • HYBRID_SEARCH
            • SET DEFAULT ROLE
            • SET
            • SET CATALOG
            • SET CHARSET
            • SET NAMES
            • SET PASSWORD
            • SET ROLE
            • SET TRANSACTION
            • SHOW
            • SUBMIT JOB
            • SHOW JOB STATUS
            • CANCEL JOB
            • TRANSACTION
            • TRUNCATE TABLE
            • UNLOCK TABLES
            • UPDATE
            • USE
            • VALUES
            • XA transaction
          • DDL feature
            • Overview of DDL operations
            • Online DDL and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • NUMBER type conversion rules
          • Pseudo columns
            • Overview
            • PARTITIONID pseudo column
        • User tenants (Oracle-compatible mode)
          • Pseudo columns
            • Overview
            • Hierarchical query pseudo-columns
            • Sequence pseudo-column
            • ORA_ROWSCN pseudo-column
            • ROWNUM pseudo-column
            • ROWID pseudo-column
            • PARTITIONID pseudo column
          • Basic elements
            • Built-in data types
              • Overview of built-in data types
              • JSON data types
                • Overview of JSON data types
                • Create a column of the JSON data type
                • Query JSON data
                • Conversion rules for JSON data type
              • XML data types
                • Overview of the XMLType data type
                • XML data definition
                • Create a column of the XMLType data type
                • Query XMLType data
                • Conversion of the XMLType data type
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview of spatial data types
                • Create spatial columns
                • Access SDO_GEOMETRY properties
                • Create spatial indexes
              • Character data types
                • Overview of character data types
                • CHAR data type
                • NCHAR data type
                • NVARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR data type
              • Numeric data types
                • Overview of numeric data types
                • NUMBER data type
                • FLOAT data type
                • Floating-point numbers
                • Numeric type priorities
              • Datetime and interval data types
                • Overview of datetime and interval data types
                • DATE data type
                • TIMESTAMP data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data type
                • INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type
                • INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type
                • Calculation of DATE and INTERVAL values
              • RAW data type
              • Large object data types
                • Overview of large object data types
                • BLOB data type
                • CLOB data type
                • LOB types
              • Rowid data type
              • User-defined data types
              • Any types
            • Data type comparison rules
              • Overview of data type comparison rules
              • Comparison rules of numeric values
              • Date value comparison rules
              • Character value comparison rules
              • Data type priority
              • Data type conversion rules
              • Security considerations for data conversion in Oracle mode
            • Literals
              • Literals
              • Text literals
              • Numeric literals
              • Datetime literals
                • DATE literals
                • TIMESTAMP literals
              • INTERVAL literals
            • Format model
              • Formatting models
              • Number format models
              • Datetime format model
              • RR date-time format element
              • Conversion rules from string to date
            • NULL value
              • Overview of empty values
              • Null values in SQL functions
              • NULL values in comparison conditions
              • NULL values in conditional expressions
            • Annotations
              • Overview
              • Comments on SQL statements
              • Comment on schema and nonschema objects
              • Hints
                • Overview of hints
                • Control query optimization by using Query Block Name and QB_NAME Hint
                • Hint list
                  • Global hints
                    • Optimizer Stats Hint under Global Hints
                    • Transform Hint in Global Hints
                    • Other hints under the global hint type
                  • Optimized hints
                    • Access path hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Join Order Hints
                    • Join operation hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Subquery hints under the Optimized Hint category
                    • Group By Hint in the Optimized Hint category
                    • DISTINCT hint
                    • Set Hint
                    • Distributed DML hint in the Optimized Hint category
                  • Transform hints
                    • Stmt Transform Hint in the Transform Hint Type
                    • Cost based transform hints
                    • Heuristics transform hints
                    • Other TRANSFORM Hint
                  • Outline-related hints
            • Database objects
              • Schema objects
              • Non-schema objects
            • Database naming conventions
              • Overview of database object naming conventions
              • Schema object naming recommendations
            • Database object reference methods
              • Overview of database object references
              • Reference schema objects
              • Reference objects in a remote database
                • Create a database link
                • Database links
              • Reference partitioned tables and indexes
              • Reference attributes and methods of object types
            • Character sets and collations
          • Operators
            • Overview of operators
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Concatenation operators
            • Hierarchical query operators
            • Set operators
            • COLLATE operator
          • Functions
            • Function overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Numeric functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BITAND
                • CEIL
                • COS
                • COSH
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • MOD
                • NANVL
                • NORMAL
                • POWER
                • REMAINDER
                • ROUND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SINH
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TANH
                • TRUNC
                • UNIFORM
                • WIDTH_BUCKET
                • ZIPF
              • String functions that return a string
                • CHR
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPLACE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SUBSTR
                • TRANSLATE
                • TRANSLATE ... USING
                • TRIM
                • UPPER
                • CONCAT
                • INITCAP
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • MAX_PT
                • NLS_LOWER
                • NLSSORT
                • NLS_UPPER
              • String functions that return numbers
                • ASCII
                • INSTR
                • LENGTH
                • REGEXP_COUNT
                • REGEXP_INSTR
              • Datetime functions
                • ADD_MONTHS
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • DBTIMEZONE
                • EXTRACT (datetime)
                • FROM_TZ
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MONTHS_BETWEEN
                • NEXT_DAY
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • ROUND (date)
                • SESSIONTIMEZONE
                • SYS_EXTRACT_UTC
                • SYSDATE
                • SYSTIMESTAMP
                • TO_CHAR (datetime)
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • TRUNC (date)
                • TZ_OFFSET
              • Generic comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • LEAST
              • Conversion functions
                • ASCIISTR
                • CAST
                • CHARTOROWID
                • CONVERT
                • HEXTORAW
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • RAWTOHEX
                • ROWIDTOCHAR
                • ROWIDTONCHAR
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
                • TO_BINARY_FLOAT
                • TO_BLOB
                • TO_CHAR (character)
                • TO_CHAR (datetime)
                • TO_CHAR (number)
                • TO_CLOB
                • TO_DATE
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_MULTI_BYTE
                • TO_NUMBER
                • TO_NCHAR (character)
                • TO_NCHAR (datetime)
                • TO_NCHAR (number)
                • TO_SINGLE_BYTE
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • UNISTR
              • Encoding and decoding functions
                • DECODE
                • DUMP
                • ORA_HASH
                • VSIZE
              • Null value related functions
                • COALESCE
                • LNNVL
                • NANVL
                • NULLIF
                • NVL
                • NVL2
              • Environment and identifier functions
                • SYS_CONTEXT
                • SYS_GUID
                • UID
                • USER
                • USERENV
                • OB_VERSION
              • Hierarchical functions
                • SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
              • JSON functions
                • JSON functions
                • Create JSON text functions
                  • JSON_ARRAY
                  • JSON_OBJECT
                  • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                  • JSON_OBJECTAGG
                • Query JSON text functions
                  • JSON_VALUE
                  • JSON_QUERY
                  • JSON_EXISTS
                  • JSON_TABLE
                • Validate JSON text functions
                  • JSON_EQUAL
                • Modify JSON text functions
                  • JSON_MERGEPATCH
              • XML functions
                • Overview of XML functions
                • Construct XMLType data functions
                  • XMLAGG
                  • XMLATTRIBUTES
                  • XMLELEMENT
                  • XMLPARSE
                  • XMLCONCAT
                  • XMLFOREST
                • Query XMLType data functions
                  • EXTRACT
                  • EXTRACTVALUE
                  • XMLSERIALIZE
                  • XMLCAST
                  • XMLTABLE
                  • XMLSEQUENCE
                  • EXISTSNODE
                • Modify XMLType data functions
                  • UPDATEXML
                  • INSERTCHILDXML
                  • DELETEXML
              • Spatial functions
                • Spatial functions
                • Constructor functions
                • SDO_GEOMETRY query functions
                • Format conversion functions
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • GROUPING
              • KEEP
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • REGR_ (Linear Regression)
              • ROLLUP
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
              • GROUP_ID
              • GROUPING_ID
            • Analysis functions
              • Analytic function description
              • AVG
              • ARG_MIN
              • ARG_MAX
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • KEEP
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • NTILE
              • NTH_VALUE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • RATIO_TO_REPORT
              • REGR_ (Linear Regression)
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
            • Information functions
              • OB_TRANSACTION_ID
            • Table functions
              • Overview of TABLE FUNCTIONS
              • FILES table function
          • Expressions
            • Overview
            • Scalar Subquery Expression
            • Type constructor expressions
            • Expression list
            • Simple expressions
            • Compound expressions
            • Conditional expressions
            • Column expressions
            • CURSOR Expressions
            • Datetime expressions
            • Function expressions
            • Interval expressions
          • Conditions
            • Overview of SQL conditions
            • Condition priority
            • Comparison conditions
            • Floating-point conditions
            • Logical conditions
            • Pattern-matching conditions
            • Null conditions
            • Compound conditions
            • BETWEEN condition
            • EXISTS condition
            • IN condition
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview of queries and subqueries
            • Simple query
            • Hierarchical queries
            • Composite queries
            • Join queries
            • Subqueries
            • Lateral derived tables
            • Query the DUAL table
          • SQL statements
            • DDL
              • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
              • ALTER INDEX
              • ALTER KEYSTORE
              • ALTER LOCATION
              • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • ALTER OUTLINE
              • ALTER PROFILE
              • ALTER ROLE
              • ALTER SENSITIVE RULE
              • ALTER SEQUENCE
              • ALTER SESSION
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH CACHE
              • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH SEQUENCE CACHE
              • ALTER SYSTEM SET PARAMETER
              • VALIDATE
              • ALTER TABLE
              • ALTER TABLEGROUP
              • ALTER TABLESPACE
              • ALTER USER
              • COMMENT
              • CREATE CONTEXT
              • CREATE CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
              • CREATE DIRECTORY
              • CREATE DATABASE LINK
              • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
              • CREATE INDEX
              • CREATE KEYSTORE
              • CREATE LOCATION
              • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • CREATE OUTLINE
              • CREATE PROFILE
              • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
              • CREATE ROLE
              • CREATE SENSITIVE RULE
              • CREATE SEQUENCE
              • CREATE SYNONYM
              • CREATE TABLE
              • CREATE TABLEGROUP
              • CREATE TABLESPACE
              • CREATE USER
              • CREATE VIEW
              • DROP CONTEXT
              • DROP CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
              • DROP DATABASE LINK
              • DROP DIRECTORY
              • DROP INDEX
              • DROP LOCATION
              • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • DROP OUTLINE
              • DROP PROFILE
              • DROP ROLE
              • DROP SENSITIVE RULE
              • DROP SEQUENCE
              • DROP SYNONYM
              • DROP TABLE
              • DROP TABLEGROUP
              • DROP TABLESPACE
              • DROP USER
              • DROP VIEW
              • RENAME
              • TRUNCATE TABLE
              • MAJOR and MINOR
            • DML
              • DELETE
              • INSERT
              • MERGE
              • PURGE
              • EXPLAIN
              • SELECT
                • SIMPLE SELECT
                • Collection SELECT
                • WITH CLAUSE
                • JOIN clause
                • APPLY clause
              • UPDATE
            • DCL
              • ANALYZE
              • ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
              • AUDIT
              • COMMIT
              • FLASHBACK TABLE BEFORE DROP
              • GRANT
              • KILL
              • LOAD DATA
              • LOCK TABLE
              • REMOVE
              • REVOKE
              • ROLLBACK
              • SAVEPOINT
              • SELECT INTO
              • SET NAMES
              • SET PASSWORD
              • SET ROLE
              • SET VARIABLE
              • SHOW
              • SHRINK
              • TRANSACTION
          • DDL feature
            • Overview of DDL operations
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Operations on generated columns
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • NUMBER type conversion rules
      • Data type conversion behavior of a MySQL tenant in strict mode
      • SQL specifications and practices
        • SQL writing restrictions
        • SQL writing specifications
          • SELECT statement writing specification
          • DML statement writing specifications
          • DDL statement writing specifications
          • Multi-table association specification
          • Table scanning mode specification
          • Transaction-related specifications
          • Cache usage specifications
          • Guidelines for using hints
          • Other specifications
        • SQL statement examples
          • Implicit type conversion
          • JOIN table usage suggestions
          • Weak-consistency read
          • Pagination
      • Reserved keywords (MySQL mode)
      • SQL overview
      • Reserved keywords (Oracle mode)
    • PL reference
      • What is PL
        • PL overview
        • Main features of PL
        • PL architecture
      • PL reference (MySQL-compatible mode)
        • PL syntax
        • PL stored procedures
          • Overview of PL stored programs
          • Variables in stored programs
          • Stored procedures
          • Manage stored routines and privileges
          • Stored functions
          • External storage functions
          • Triggers
          • EVENT
          • Stored program usage restrictions
          • SQL Transpiler
          • PL asynchronous commit optimization
        • PL cursors
          • Overview
          • Cursor execution process
          • Server-side cursor usage limits
        • PL conditional control statements
          • CASE
          • IF
          • ITERATE
          • LEAVE
          • LOOP
          • REPEAT
          • RETURN
          • WHILE
        • PL data manipulation statements
          • CALL
          • DO
        • PL data definition statements
          • ALTER FUNCTION
          • DROP TRIGGER
          • ALTER PROCEDURE
          • CREATE FUNCTION
          • CREATE PROCEDURE
          • CREATE TRIGGER
          • DROP FUNCTION
          • DROP PROCEDURE
        • PL database management statements
          • SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
          • SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
          • SHOW CREATE TRIGGER
          • SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
          • SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
          • SHOW TRIGGERS
        • PL related dictionary views
          • INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS
          • INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES
          • INFORMATION_SCHEMA TRIGGERS
        • PL exception handling
          • Overview
          • DECLARE ... CONDITION
          • DECLARE ... HANDLER
          • GET DIAGNOSTICS
          • RESIGNAL
          • SIGNAL
          • Scope of procedures
          • Diagnostics area
          • Exception handling and OUT/INOUT parameters
          • Limitations on exception handling
        • PL system packages
          • Oracle Database System Packages Overview
          • DBMS_AI_SERVICE
            • Overview of DBMS_AI_SERVICE
            • CREATE_AI_MODEL
            • DROP_AI_MODEL
            • CREATE_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINT
            • ALTER_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINT
            • DROP_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINT
          • DBMS_DAILY_MAINTENANCE
            • Overview
            • TRIGGER_WINDOW_COMPACTION_PROC
            • SET_THREAD_COUNT
          • DBMS_HYBRID_SEARCH
            • Overview of DBMS_HYBRID_SEARCH
            • SEARCH
            • GET_SQL
          • DBMS_MVIEW
            • Overview of DBMS_MVIEW
            • PURGE_LOG
            • REFRESH
          • DBMS_MVIEW_STATS
            • Overview of DBMS_MVIEW_STATS
            • PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
            • SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
            • SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
          • DBMS_PARTITION
            • Overview
            • MANAGE_DYNAMIC_PARTITION
          • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
            • Overview
            • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • CREATE_PLAN
            • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • COPY_PLAN
            • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • DELETE_PLAN
            • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • System Packages
            • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
          • DBMS_STATS
            • Overview of DBMS_STATS
            • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
            • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
            • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
            • DROP_STAT_TABLE
            • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
            • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
            • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
            • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
            • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • GET_PARAM
            • GET_PREFS
            • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
            • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
            • PURGE_STATS
            • SET_COLUMN_STATS
            • SET_INDEX_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_STATS
            • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
            • SET_PARAM
            • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_PREFS
            • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • CANCEL_GATHER_STATS
            • COPY_TABLE_STATS
          • DBMS_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE_MANAGER
            • Overview
            • ADD_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
            • DELETE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
            • UPDATE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
          • DBMS_UDR
            • Overview
            • CREATE_RULE
            • DISABLE_RULE
            • ENABLE_RULE
            • REMOVE_RULE
          • DBMS_VECTOR
            • Overview of DBMS_VECTOR
            • REFRESH_INDEX
            • REBUILD_INDEX
            • INDEX_VECTOR_MEMORY_ESTIMATE
            • INDEX_VECTOR_MEMORY_ADVISOR
            • FLUSH_INDEX
            • COMPACT_INDEX
          • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
            • Overview
            • ASH_REPORT
            • CREATE_SNAPSHOT
            • DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE
            • MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS
          • DBMS_XPLAN
            • Overview
            • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
            • DISPLAY_CURSOR
            • DISPLAY
            • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
          • DBMS_XPROFILE
            • Overview of DBMS_XPROFILE
            • DISPLAY_PROFILE
          • DBMS_BALANCE
            • Overview
            • SET_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • CLEAR_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • TRIGGER_PARTITION_BALANCE
            • SET_TABLEGROUP_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • CLEAR_TABLEGROUP_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • DBMS_LIMIT_CALCULATOR
            • Overview
            • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_UNIT
            • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_LOGIC_RES
            • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_STANDBY_TENANT
          • DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • Overview of DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
          • DBMS_JAVA
            • Overview of DBMS_JAVA
            • LOADJAVA
            • DROPJAVA
          • DBMS_PYTHON
            • Overview
            • DROPPYTHON
            • LOADPYTHON
          • DBMS_DATA_DICT
            • DBMS_DATA_DICT
        • PL reserved and non-reserved keywords
      • PL reference (Oracle-compatible mode)
        • PL language basics
          • Character sets
          • Error reporting functions
          • Lexical elements
          • Syntax
          • Reference identifiers
          • Identifier scope and visibility
          • Assignment
          • Expressions
          • PL blocks
          • Subprograms
        • PL data types
          • Overview
          • SQL data types
          • Large object data types
          • Boolean data type
          • User-defined subtypes
          • PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER
          • Arrays
          • PL JSON data types
        • PL process control
          • Overview
          • Conditional control
          • Loop control
          • Sequence control
        • PL collections and records
          • Overview
          • Create and invoke subprograms with record-type parameters
          • Collections
          • Associative arrays
          • Varrays
          • Nested tables
          • Collection constructors
          • Collection methods
            • Overview
            • DELETE method
            • TRIM method
            • EXTEND method
            • EXISTS method
            • FIRST and LAST methods
            • COUNT method
            • LIMIT method
            • PRIOR and NEXT methods
          • Records
          • Insert and update tables with records
        • PL static SQL
          • Overview
          • Cursors
            • Cursor overview
            • Cursor attributes
            • Implicit cursors
            • Explicit cursor
            • Cursor variables
            • Use FOR loops to traverse cursors
            • Modify and delete cursors
          • Transaction processing and control
          • Autonomous transactions
            • Overview
            • Control autonomous transactions
            • Autonomous triggers
            • Call autonomous functions from SQL
          • FORALL and BULK COLLECT
        • PL dynamic SQL
          • Overview
          • Execute dynamic SQL statements
          • DBMS_SQL system package
        • PL stored procedures and functions
          • Overview
          • Create a stored procedure
          • Create a function
          • Manage stored procedures and functions
          • Grant privileges
          • Pipeline functions
            • Overview of pipelined table functions
            • Create a pipeline function
            • Related applications
          • SQL Transpiler
          • User-defined functions
            • Overview
            • User-defined aggregate functions
            • Create a user-defined aggregate function
            • Use user-defined aggregate functions
          • Information collection for stored procedures and parallel execution of SQL statements
          • PL Database Link
          • PL asynchronous commit optimization
        • PL triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Modify and drop triggers
          • Disable and enable a trigger
          • View trigger information
          • INSTEAD OF DML triggers
          • Composite DML triggers
          • System triggers
        • PL packages
          • Overview
          • Create a package
          • Overloaded programs in a package
          • Manage packages
          • Definition of the STANDARD package for PL
        • PL exception handling
          • Overview
          • Compile-Time Warnings
          • Exception types
          • Exception handling order
        • DDL operations on stored PL units
          • Overview
          • CREATE PROCEDURE
          • CREATE TRIGGER
          • CREATE TYPE
          • CREATE TYPE BODY
          • DROP FUNCTION
          • DROP PACKAGE
          • DROP PROCEDURE
          • DROP TRIGGER
          • DROP TYPE
          • DROP TYPE BODY
          • ALTER FUNCTION
          • ALTER PACKAGE
          • ALTER PROCEDURE
          • ALTER TRIGGER
          • ALTER TYPE
          • CREATE FUNCTION
          • CREATE PACKAGE
          • CREATE PACKAGE BODY
        • PL label security package
          • Overview of the PL Label Security package
          • SA_SYSDBA policy management package
            • Overview
            • SA_SYSDBA.ALTER_POLICY
            • SA_SYSDBA.CREATE_POLICY
            • SA_SYSDBA.DROP_POLICY
          • SA_COMPONENTS label component package
            • Overview of the SA_COMPONENTS package
            • SA_COMPONENTS.ALTER_LEVEL
            • SA_COMPONENTS.CREATE_LEVEL
            • SA_COMPONENTS.DROP_LEVEL
          • SA_LABEL_ADMIN label management package
            • Overview
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.ALTER_LABEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.CREATE_LABEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.DROP_LABEL
          • SA_POLICY_ADMIN policy management package
            • Overview
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.APPLY_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.DISABLE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.ENABLE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.REMOVE_TABLE_POLICY
          • SA_USER_ADMIN user label management package
            • Overview
            • SA_USER_ADMIN.SET_LEVELS
          • SA_SESSION session management package
            • Overview of SA_SESSION
            • SA_SESSION.LABEL
            • SA_SESSION.RESTORE_DEFAULT_LABELS
            • SA_SESSION.ROW_LABEL
            • SA_SESSION.SET_LABEL
            • SA_SESSION.SET_ROW_LABEL
        • PL system package (Oracle-compatible mode)
          • Overview
          • DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO
            • Overview
            • READ_CLIENT_INFO
            • READ_MODULE
            • SET_ACTION
            • SET_CLIENT_INFO
            • SET_MODULE
          • DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT
            • Overview of DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT
            • CLEAN_AUDIT_TRAIL
            • CREATE_PURGE_JOB
            • DROP_PURGE_JOB
            • SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP
            • SET_PURGE_JOB_STATUS
          • DBMS_BALANCE
            • Overview of DBMS_BALANCE
            • SET_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • CLEAR_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • TRIGGER_PARTITION_BALANCE
          • DBMS_CRYPTO
            • Overview of DBMS_CRYPTO
            • ENCRYPT
            • DECRYPT
            • HASH
          • DBMS_DAILY_MAINTENANCE
            • Overview of DBMS_DAILY_MAINTENANCE
            • TRIGGER_WINDOW_COMPACTION_PROC
            • SET_THREAD_COUNT
          • DBMS_DEBUG
            • Overview
            • ATTACH_SESSION
            • CONTINUE
            • DEBUG_ON
            • DEBUG_OFF
            • DETACH_SESSION
            • DELETE_BREAKPOINT
            • DISABLE_BREAKPOINT
            • ENABLE_BREAKPOINT
            • GET_VALUE
            • GET_VALUES
            • GET_RUNTIME_INFO
            • GET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
            • INITIALIZE
            • PROBE_VERSION
            • PRINT_BACKTRACE
            • SET_TIMEOUT
            • SET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
            • SET_BREAKPOINT
            • SHOW_BREAKPOINTS
          • DBMS_DESCRIBE
            • Overview
            • DESCRIBE_PROCEDURE
          • DBMS_LOB
            • Overview of DBMS_LOB
            • APPEND
            • CLOSE
            • COPY
            • CREATETEMPORARY
            • ERASE
            • FREETEMPORARY
            • GETLENGTH
            • ISOPEN
            • INSTR
            • ISTEMPORARY
            • OPEN
            • READ
            • SUBSTR
            • TRIM
            • WRITE
            • WRITEAPPEND
            • CONVERTTOBLOB
          • DBMS_LOCK
            • Overview of DBMS_LOCK
            • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE
            • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE_AUTONOMOUS
            • REQUEST
            • SLEEP
            • RELEASE
          • DBMS_METADATA
            • Overview of DBMS_METADATA
            • GET_DDL
            • GET_TABLE_INDEX_DDL
          • DBMS_MVIEW
            • Overview of DBMS_MVIEW
            • PURGE_LOG
            • REFRESH
          • DBMS_MONITOR
            • Overview of DBMS_MONITOR
            • OB_SESSION_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_SESSION_TRACE_DISABLE
            • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_DISABLE
            • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_DISABLE
            • OB_TENANT_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_TENANT_TRACE_DISABLE
          • DBMS_MVIEW_STAT
            • Overview of DBMS_MVIEW_STATS
            • PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
            • SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
            • SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
          • DBMS_OUTPUT
            • Overview of DBMS_OUTPUT
            • DISABLE
            • ENABLE
            • GET_LINE
            • GET_LINES
            • NEW_LINE
            • PUT
            • PUT_LINE
          • DBMS_PLAN_CACHE
            • Overview of DBMS_PLAN_CACHE
            • PURGE
          • DBMS_PLSQL_CODE_COVERAGE
            • Overview
            • START_COVERAGE
            • STOP_COVERAGE
            • CREATE_COVERAGE_TABLES
          • DBMS_PARTITION
            • DBMS_PARTITION overview
            • MANAGE_DYNAMIC_PARTITION
          • DBMS_RANDOM
            • Overview of DBMS_RANDOM
            • INITIALIZE
            • NORMAL
            • RANDOM
            • SEED
            • STRING
            • TERMINATE
            • VALUE
          • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
            • Overview
            • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • CREATE_PLAN
            • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • COPY_PLAN
            • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • DELETE_PLAN
            • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
            • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
          • DBMS_SCHEDULER
            • Overview of DBMS_SCHEDULER
            • CREATE_JOB
            • CREATE_JOB_CLASS
            • CREATE_PROGRAM
            • DEFINE_PROGRAM_ARGUMENT
            • DISABLE
            • DROP_JOB
            • DROP_JOB_CLASS
            • DROP_PROGRAM
            • ENABLE
            • GENERATE_JOB_NAME
            • PURGE_LOG
            • RUN_JOB
            • SET_ATTRIBUTE
            • SET_JOB_ARGUMENT_VALUE
            • STOP_JOB
          • DBMS_SESSION
            • Overview
            • RESET_PACKAGE
            • SET_CONTEXT
            • SET_IDENTIFIER
            • SESSION_IS_ROLE_ENABLED
            • IS_ROLE_ENABLED
            • CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT
            • CLEAR_CONTEXT
            • CLEAR_IDENTIFIER
          • DBMS_SQL
            • Overview of DBMS_SQL
            • FETCH_ROWS
            • IS_OPEN
            • LAST_ERROR_POSITION
            • OPEN_CURSOR
            • BIND_VARIABLE
            • PARSE
            • VARIABLE_VALUE
            • CLOSE_CURSOR
            • COLUMN_VALUE
            • DEFINE_COLUMN
            • DEFINE_ARRAY
            • DESCRIBE_COLUMNS
            • EXECUTE
            • EXECUTE_AND_FETCH
          • DBMS_STATS
            • Overview
            • DROP_STAT_TABLE
            • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
            • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
            • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
            • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
            • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
            • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • GET_PARAM
            • GET_PREFS
            • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
            • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
            • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
            • PURGE_STATS
            • SET_COLUMN_STATS
            • SET_INDEX_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_STATS
            • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
            • SET_PARAM
            • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
            • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_PREFS
            • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • COPY_TABLE_STATS
            • CANCEL_GATHER_STATS
            • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
          • DBMS_UDR
            • DBMS_UDR overview
            • CREATE_RULE
            • DISABLE_RULE
            • ENABLE_RULE
            • REMOVE_RULE
          • DBMS_UTILITY
            • Overview of DBMS_UTILITY
            • GET_HASH_VALUE
            • GET_PARAMETER_VALUE
            • GET_SQL_HASH
            • GET_TIME
            • IS_BIT_SET
            • IS_CLUSTER_DATABASE
            • NAME_RESOLVE
            • NAME_TOKENIZE
            • OLD_CURRENT_SCHEMA
            • OLD_CURRENT_USER
            • ACTIVE_INSTANCES
            • PORT_STRING
            • TABLE_TO_COMMA
            • COMMA_TO_TABLE
            • CURRENT_INSTANCE
            • DB_VERSION
            • FORMAT_CALL_STACK
            • FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE
            • FORMAT_ERROR_STACK
            • GET_ENDIANNESS
          • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
            • Overview of DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
            • ASH_REPORT
          • DBMS_XA
            • DBMS_XA overview
            • Constants of DBMS_XA
            • DBMS_XA_XID object type
            • DIST_TXN_SYNC
            • XA_COMMIT
            • XA_END
            • XA_FORGET
            • XA_GETLASTOER
            • XA_PREPARE
            • XA_RECOVER
            • XA_ROLLBACK
            • XA_SETTIMEOUT
            • XA_START
          • DBMS_XMLGEN
            • Overview of the DBMS_XMLGEN package
            • CONVERT
          • DBMS_PROFILER
            • Overview of DBMS_PROFILER
            • ROLLUP_RUN
            • OB_INIT_OBJECTS
            • OB_DROP_OBJECTS
            • START_PROFILER
            • STOP_PROFILE
            • PAUSE_PROFILER
            • RESUME_PROFILER
            • FLUSH_DATA
            • GET_VERSION
            • INTERNAL_VERSION_CHECK
            • ROLLUP_UNIT
          • DBMS_XPLAN
            • Overview of DBMS_XPLAN
            • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
            • DISPLAY_CURSOR
            • DISPLAY
            • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
          • DBMS_XPROFILE
            • Overview of DBMS_XPROFILE
            • DISPLAY_PROFILE
          • DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • Overview of DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
          • DBMS_DDL
            • Overview of DBMS_DDL
            • WRAP
            • CREATE_WRAPPED
          • ODCIConst
            • Overview of ODCIConst
            • ODCIQueryInfo.Flags
            • ODCIStatsOptions.Flags
            • ODCIStatsOptions.Options
            • Return Status
            • ScnFlg
            • ODCIArgDesc.ArgType
            • ODCIEnv.CallProperty
            • ODCIEnv.Envflags
            • ODCIIndexAlter
            • ODCIIndexAlter parameter alter_option
            • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexInfoFlags
            • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexParaDegree
            • ODCIPredInfo.Flags
          • UTL_ENCODE
            • Overview of UTL_ENCODE
            • BASE64_DECODE
            • BASE64_ENCODE
          • UTL_FILE
            • Overview of UTL_FILE
            • FCLOSE
            • FFLUSH
            • FOPEN
            • FGETPOS
            • FREMOVE
            • FRENAME
            • FSEEK
            • NEW_LINE
            • GET_LINE
            • PUT
            • PUT_LINE
          • UTL_I18N
            • Overview of UTL_I18N
            • RAW_TO_CHAR
            • STRING_TO_RAW
          • UTL_RECOMP
            • Overview of UTL_RECOMP
            • RECOMP_PARALLEL
            • RECOMP_SERIAL
            • TRUNCATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
            • POPULATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
            • PARALLEL_SLAVE
          • UTL_RAW
            • Overview of UTL_RAW
            • CAST_TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
            • CAST_TO_BINARY_FLOAT
            • CAST_TO_BINARY_INTEGER
            • CAST_TO_NUMBER
            • CAST_TO_RAW
            • CAST_TO_VARCHAR2
            • COMPARE
            • CONCAT
            • COPIES
            • LENGTH
            • BIT_AND
            • REVERSE
            • SUBSTR
            • TRANSLATE
            • BIT_COMPLEMENT
            • BIT_OR
            • BIT_XOR
            • CAST_FROM_BINARY_DOUBLE
            • CAST_FROM_BINARY_FLOAT
            • CAST_FROM_BINARY_INTEGER
            • CAST_FROM_NUMBER
          • UTL_TCP
            • Overview of UTL_TCP
            • OPEN_CONNECTION
            • CLOSE_CONNECTION
            • CLOSE_ALL_CONNECTIONS
            • WRITE_LINE
            • WRITE_TEXT
            • WRITE_RAW
            • GET_LINE
            • GET_TEXT
          • UTL_SMTP
            • Overview of UTL_SMTP
            • MAIL
            • RCPT
            • OPEN_DATA
            • WRITE_DATA
            • WRITE_RAW_DATA
            • CLOSE_DATA
            • DATA
            • VRFY
            • HELP
            • NOOP
            • OPEN_CONNECTION
            • RSET
            • CLOSE_CONNECTION
            • QUIT
            • AUTH
            • COMMAND
            • COMMAND_REPLIES
            • HELO
            • EHLO
          • UTL_HTTP
            • Overview of UTL_HTTP
            • WRITE_TEXT
            • BEGIN_REQUEST
            • SET_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT
            • GET_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT
            • END_REQUEST
            • GET_RESPONSE
            • END_RESPONSE
            • READ_LINE
            • READ_RAW
            • READ_TEXT
            • WRITE_LINE
            • WRITE_RAW
          • ANYDATA TYPE
            • Overview of the ANYDATA type
            • BEGINCREATE static stored procedure
            • ENDCREATE member stored procedure
            • GET* member function
            • GETTYPE member function
            • GETTYPENAME member function
            • PIECEWISE member stored procedure
            • SET* member stored procedure
          • XMLType
            • Overview
            • CREATEXML
            • GETCLOBVAL
            • GETSTRINGVAL
            • TRANSFORM
            • XMLTYPE
            • EXISTSNODE
            • EXTRACT
        • PL reserved keywords
    • System views
      • Overview
      • Overview of system views
      • View changes in V3.x and V4.x
      • SYS tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_CKPT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • CDB_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
          • CDB_MVIEW_LOGS
          • oceanbase.CDB_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • CDB_MVIEWS
          • CDB_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • CDB_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AI_MODELS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • CDB_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_COLUMN_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_CCL_RULES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_OBJECT_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVER_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SS_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_RESOURCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEWS
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AI_MODELS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLONE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLONE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLUSTER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_RESOURCES
          • DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ROOTSERVICE_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SS_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_TRUSTED_ROOT_CERTIFICATE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_STORAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • GV$OB_IVF_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_SERVER_STORAGE
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$UNIT
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$OB_EXTERNAL_CATALOG_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • V$OB_HNSW_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_HNSW_INDEX_SEGMENT_INFO
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_IVF_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • V$OB_SERVER_STORAGE
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • V$OB_SINDI_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SINDI_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • V$OB_SS_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE_DIAGNOSE
          • V$OB_SS_OBJECT_TYPE_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_TABLET_REPLICA_INFO
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • v$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$UNIT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE_DIAGNOSE
          • GV$OB_SS_OBJECT_TYPE_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_TABLET_REPLICA_INFO
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • gv$tenant
          • gv$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_EXTERNAL_CATALOG_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • GV$OB_HNSW_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_HNSW_INDEX_SEGMENT_INFO
      • MySQL tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.audit_log_filter
          • mysql.audit_log_user
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEWS
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AI_MODELS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_RESOURCES
          • DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OBJECT_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SS_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_EXTERNAL_CATALOG_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • GV$OB_HNWS_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_IVF_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_HNSW_INDEX_SEGMENT_INFO
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • GV$OB_SINDI_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE_DIAGNOSE
          • GV$OB_SS_OBJECT_TYPE_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$OB_EXTERNAL_CATALOG_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • V$OB_HNWS_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_HNSW_INDEX_SEGMENT_INFO
          • V$OB_IVF_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • V$OB_SINDI_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SS_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE_DIAGNOSE
          • V$OB_SS_OBJECT_TYPE_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
      • Oracle tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • ALL_DEF_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • ALL_DEPENDENCIES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_VALIDATE_TASK_HISTORY
          • ALL_DIRECTORIES
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
          • DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
          • ALL_ERRORS
          • DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • DBA_OB_LS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • ALL_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
          • DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
          • DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OB_OBJECT_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • ALL_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_OB_SPATIAL_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SS_SPACE_USAGE
          • DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • ALL_IND_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • DBA_PLSQL_TYPES
          • DBA_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_TTL_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OBJ_AUDIT_OPTS
          • ALL_IND_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OBJECTS
          • DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_PART_TABLES
          • DBA_POLICIES
          • DBA_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • DBA_POLICY_GROUPS
          • DBA_PROCEDURES
          • ALL_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_PROFILES
          • DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
          • DBA_ROLES
          • DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • ALL_INDEXES
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • DBA_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • DBA_SEGMENTS
          • DBA_SEQUENCES
          • DBA_SOURCE
          • DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • ALL_ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_METHOD_PARAMS
          • DBA_STMT_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • DBA_SYNONYMS
          • DBA_SYS_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_COLS
          • DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
          • ALL_MVIEW_LOGS
          • DBA_TAB_COMMENTS
          • DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_TABLES
          • DBA_TABLESPACES
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
          • ALL_MVIEWS
          • DBA_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • DBA_TRIGGERS
          • DBA_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_TYPE_METHODS
          • DBA_TYPES
          • DBA_USERS
          • DBA_VIEWS
          • DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • DBMS_LOCK_ALLOCATED
          • DICT
          • DICTIONARY
          • ALL_OBJECTS
          • NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
          • PROXY_USERS
          • ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
          • ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
          • ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
          • STMT_AUDIT_OPTION_MAP
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_GLOBAL_VARIABLE
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_SESSION_VARIABLE
          • USER_ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_ARGUMENTS
          • USER_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • USER_AUDIT_SESSION
          • USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • USER_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • USER_COL_COMMENTS
          • USER_COL_PRIVS
          • USER_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_CONS_COLUMNS
          • USER_CONSTRAINTS
          • ALL_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_DB_LINKS
          • USER_DEPENDENCIES
          • USER_ERRORS
          • USER_IND_COLUMNS
          • USER_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • USER_IND_PARTITIONS
          • USER_IND_STATISTICS
          • USER_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_INDEXES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPES
          • USER_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_JOBS
          • ALL_PART_INDEXES
          • USER_MVIEW_LOGS
          • USER_MVIEWS
          • USER_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS
          • ALL_PLSQL_TYPES
          • USER_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • ALL_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • ALL_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • USER_OBJECTS
          • USER_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_PART_INDEXES
          • USER_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_PART_TABLES
          • USER_POLICIES
          • USER_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_POLICY_GROUPS
          • USER_PROCEDURES
          • USER_PROFILES
          • USER_RECYCLEBIN
          • ALL_PART_TABLES
          • USER_ROLE_PRIVS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • USER_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • USER_SEGMENTS
          • USER_SEQUENCES
          • USER_SOURCE
          • USER_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_ARGUMENTS
          • ALL_POLICIES
          • USER_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • USER_SYNONYMS
          • USER_SYS_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_COLS
          • USER_TAB_COLUMNS
          • USER_TAB_COMMENTS
          • USER_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_TAB_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • USER_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_TABLES
          • USER_TABLESPACES
          • USER_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • USER_TRIGGERS
          • USER_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_TYPE_METHODS
          • ALL_POLICY_GROUPS
          • USER_TYPES
          • USER_USERS
          • USER_VIEWS
          • ALL_PROCEDURES
          • ALL_PROFILES
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • ALL_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • ALL_SEQUENCES
          • ALL_COL_COMMENTS
          • ALL_SOURCE
          • ALL_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • ALL_SYNONYMS
          • ALL_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_COLS
          • ALL_TAB_COLUMNS
          • ALL_TAB_COMMENTS
          • ALL_COL_PRIVS
          • ALL_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • ALL_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_TAB_PRIVS
          • ALL_TAB_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • ALL_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • ALL_TRIGGERS
          • ALL_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_TYPE_METHODS
          • ALL_TYPES
          • ALL_USERS
          • ALL_VIEWS
          • AUDIT_ACTIONS
          • DBA_ALL_TABLES
          • DBA_ARGUMENTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_EXISTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • ALL_CONS_COLUMNS
          • DBA_AUDIT_SESSION
          • DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • DBA_COL_COMMENTS
          • DBA_COL_PRIVS
          • DBA_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_CONS_COLUMNS
          • DBA_CONSTRAINTS
          • DBA_CONTEXT
          • DBA_DB_LINKS
          • ALL_CONSTRAINTS
          • DBA_DEPENDENCIES
          • DBA_DIRECTORIES
          • DBA_ERRORS
          • DBA_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • DBA_INDEXES
          • ALL_DB_LINKS
          • DBA_JOBS
          • DBA_JOBS_RUNNING
          • DBA_METHOD_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
          • DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • DBA_MVIEWS
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DBLINK
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$INSTANCE
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_RESULT_CACHE_OBJECTS
          • GV$OPEN_CURSOR
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DBLINK
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$GLOBALCONTEXT
          • V$INSTANCE
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$NLS_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_RESULT_CACHE_OBJECTS
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OPEN_CURSOR
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_SS_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$TIMEZONE_NAMES
          • V$VERSION
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_THREAD
      • Overview of metrics
      • Common wait events
    • Parameters and system variables
      • Overview of configuration parameters and system variables
      • Changes in V3.x and V4.x configuration items and system variables
      • Parameters
        • Overview
        • Cluster-level parameters
          • alert_log_level
          • all_cluster_list
          • all_server_list
          • arbitration_degradation_policy
          • auto_broadcast_location_cache_rate_limit
          • auto_leader_switch_interval
          • auto_refresh_location_cache_rate_limit
          • autoinc_cache_refresh_interval
          • async_ps_cursor_max_count
          • backup_backup_dest
          • backup_backup_dest_option
          • backup_concurrency
          • backup_dest
          • backup_dest_option
          • backup_log_archive_option
          • backup_net_limit
          • backup_recovery_window
          • backup_region
          • backup_zone
          • balance_blacklist_failure_threshold
          • balance_blacklist_retry_interval
          • balancer_emergency_percentage
          • balancer_log_interval
          • balancer_task_timeout
          • balancer_timeout_check_interval
          • system_protected_sys_variables
          • system-protected-tenant-parameters
          • balancer_tolerance_percentage
          • bf_cache_miss_count_threshold
          • bf_cache_priority
          • builtin_db_data_verify_cycle
          • cache_wash_threshold
          • clog_cache_priority
          • clog_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • clog_disk_utilization_threshold
          • clog_expire_days
          • clog_io_isolation_mode
          • clog_sync_time_warn_threshold
          • clog_transport_compress_func
          • cluster
          • cluster_id
          • config_additional_dir
          • cpu_count
          • cpu_reserved
          • data_copy_concurrency
          • data_dir
          • data_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • data_disk_write_limit_percentage
          • data_storage_error_tolerance_time
          • data_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • datafile_disk_percentage
          • datafile_maxsize
          • datafile_next
          • datafile_size
          • dead_socket_detection_timeout
          • debug_sync_timeout
          • default_compress
          • default_compress_func
          • default_row_format
          • default_transport_compress_func
          • devname
          • diag_syslog_per_error_limit
          • disk_io_thread_count
          • dtl_buffer_size
          • election_blacklist_interval
          • election_cpu_quota
          • enable_asan_for_memory_context
          • enable_async_syslog
          • enable_auto_leader_switch
          • enable_auto_refresh_location_cache
          • enable_cgroup
          • enable_dblink
          • enable_ddl
          • enable_election_group
          • enable_global_background_resource_isolation
          • enable_global_freeze_trigger
          • enable_log_archive
          • enable_logservice
          • enable_major_freeze
          • enable_manual_merge
          • enable_merge_by_turn
          • enable_ob_error_msg_style
          • enable_ob_esi_process
          • enable_ob_ratelimit
          • enable_one_phase_commit
          • enable_perf_event
          • enable_pg
          • enable_record_trace_id
          • enable_record_trace_log
          • enable_rereplication
          • enable_rich_error_msg
          • enable_rootservice_standalone
          • enable_rpc_authentication_bypass
          • enable_separate_sys_clog
          • enable_smooth_leader_switch
          • enable_sql_audit
          • enable_sql_operator_dump
          • enable_sys_table_ddl
          • enable_sys_unit_standalone
          • enable_syslog_recycle
          • enable_syslog_wf
          • enable_tcp_keepalive
          • enable_upgrade_mode
          • external_table_disk_cache_max_percentage
          • fast_recovery_concurrency
          • flush_log_at_trx_commit
          • fuse_row_cache_priority
          • gc_wait_archive
          • get_leader_candidate_rpc_timeout
          • global_background_cpu_quota
          • global_index_build_single_replica_timeout
          • global_major_freeze_residual_memory
          • global_write_halt_residual_memory
          • high_priority_net_thread_count
          • ignore_replay_checksum_error
          • ignore_replica_checksum_error
          • ilog_index_expire_time
          • index_block_cache_priority
          • index_cache_priority
          • index_clog_cache_priority
          • index_info_block_cache_priority
          • internal_sql_execute_timeout
          • large_query_threshold
          • large_query_worker_percentage
          • leak_mod_to_check
          • lease_time
          • local_ip
          • location_cache_cpu_quota
          • location_cache_expire_time
          • location_cache_priority
          • location_cache_refresh_min_interval
          • location_cache_refresh_rpc_timeout
          • location_cache_refresh_sql_timeout
          • location_fetch_concurrency
          • location_refresh_thread_count
          • log_archive_batch_buffer_limit
          • log_archive_checkpoint_interval
          • log_disk_percentage
          • log_disk_size
          • logservice_access_point
          • log_storage_warning_trigger_percentage
          • log_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • ls_meta_table_check_interval
          • max_kept_major_version_number
          • max_px_worker_count
          • max_string_print_length
          • max_syslog_file_count
          • memory_chunk_cache_size
          • memory_limit
          • memory_limit_percentage
          • memory_reserved
          • memstore_limit_percentage
          • merge_stat_sampling_ratio
          • merge_thread_count
          • merger_completion_percentage
          • merger_switch_leader_duration_time
          • merger_warm_up_duration_time
          • micro_block_merge_verify_level
          • migrate_concurrency
          • migration_disable_time
          • min_observer_version
          • minor_deferred_gc_time
          • minor_freeze_times
          • minor_merge_concurrency
          • minor_warm_up_duration_time
          • multiblock_read_gap_size
          • multiblock_read_size
          • mysql_port
          • net_thread_count
          • ob_esi_io_concurrency
          • ob_esi_max_syslog_file_count
          • ob_esi_memory_limit
          • ob_esi_rpc_port
          • ob_esi_session_timeout
          • ob_esi_syslog_level
          • ob_event_history_recycle_interval
          • ob_ratelimit_stat_period
          • ob_startup_mode
          • ob_python_home
          • obconfig_url
          • observer_id
          • ob_storage_s3_url_encode_type
          • ob_enable_java_env
          • ob_enable_utl_tcp
          • ob_java_home
          • ob_java_connector_path
          • ob_java_opts
          • ob_enable_utl_http
          • ofs_list
          • opt_tab_stat_cache_priority
          • partition_table_check_interval
          • plan_cache_evict_interval
          • plan_cache_high_watermark
          • plan_cache_low_watermark
          • px_task_size
          • rebuild_replica_data_lag_threshold
          • recyclebin_object_expire_time
          • replica_safe_remove_time
          • resource_hard_limit
          • resource_soft_limit
          • restore_concurrency
          • rootservice_async_task_queue_size
          • rootservice_async_task_thread_count
          • rootservice_list
          • rootservice_memory_limit
          • rootservice_ready_check_interval
          • row_compaction_update_limit
          • row_purge_thread_count
          • rpc_client_authentication_method
          • rpc_port
          • rpc_server_authentication_method
          • rpc_timeout
          • schema_history_expire_time
          • schema_history_recycle_interval
          • server_balance_cpu_mem_tolerance_percent
          • server_balance_critical_disk_waterlevel
          • server_balance_disk_tolerance_percent
          • server_check_interval
          • server_cpu_quota_max
          • server_cpu_quota_min
          • server_data_copy_in_concurrency
          • server_data_copy_out_concurrency
          • server_permanent_offline_time
          • sql_audit_memory_limit
          • sql_login_thread_count
          • sql_net_thread_count
          • sql_protocol_min_tls_version
          • ssl_client_authentication
          • ssl_external_kms_info
          • stack_size
          • standby_fetch_log_bandwidth_limit
          • storage_meta_cache_priority
          • strict_check_os_params
          • switchover_process_thread_count
          • sync_io_thread_count
          • sys_bkgd_io_high_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_io_low_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_migration_change_member_list_timeout
          • sys_bkgd_migration_retry_num
          • sys_bkgd_net_percentage
          • sys_cpu_limit_trigger
          • syslog_compress_func
          • syslog_disk_size
          • syslog_file_uncompressed_count
          • syslog_io_bandwidth_limit
          • syslog_level
          • system_cpu_quota
          • system_memory
          • system_trace_level
          • kv_transport_compress_func
          • tablet_ls_cache_priority
          • tablet_meta_table_check_interval
          • tablet_meta_table_scan_batch_count
          • tablet_size
          • tcp_keepcnt
          • tcp_keepidle
          • tcp_keepintvl
          • tenant_cpu_variation_per_server
          • tenant_groups
          • tenant_task_queue_size
          • token_reserved_percentage
          • trace_log_sampling_interval
          • trace_log_slow_query_watermark
          • trx_2pc_retry_interval
          • trx_force_kill_threshold
          • trx_try_wait_lock_timeout
          • unit_balance_resource_weight
          • unit_gc_wait_time
          • use_large_pages
          • user_block_cache_priority
          • user_iort_up_percentage
          • user_row_cache_priority
          • user_tab_col_stat_cache_priority
          • virtual_table_location_cache_expire_time
          • wait_leader_batch_count
          • weak_read_version_refresh_interval
          • workers_per_cpu_quota
          • zone
          • zone_merge_concurrency
          • zone_merge_order
          • zone_merge_timeout
        • Tenant-level parameters
          • arbitration_timeout
          • archive_lag_target
          • audit_log_buffer_size
          • audit_log_compression
          • attach_shared_sstable_thread_score
          • audit_log_enable
          • audit_log_format
          • audit_log_max_size
          • audit_log_path
          • audit_log_prune_seconds
          • audit_log_query_sql
          • audit_log_rotate_on_size
          • audit_log_strategy
          • audit_sys_operations
          • audit_trail
          • auto_split_tablet_size
          • backup_data_file_size
          • balancer_idle_time
          • choose_migration_source_policy
          • clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count
          • clog_persistence_compress_func
          • compaction_dag_cnt_limit
          • compaction_high_thread_score
          • compaction_low_thread_score
          • compaction_mid_thread_score
          • compaction_schedule_tablet_batch_cnt
          • compatible
          • connection_control_failed_connections_threshold
          • connection_control_max_connection_delay
          • connection_control_min_connection_delay
          • cpu_quota_concurrency
          • ddl_thread_score
          • default_auto_increment_mode
          • default_delta_format
          • default_enable_extended_rowid
          • default_load_mode
          • default_micro_block_format_version
          • default_progressive_merge_num
          • default_skip_index_level
          • default_storage_cache_policy
          • default_table_merge_engine
          • default_table_organization
          • default_table_store_format
          • direct_load_allow_fallback
          • ddl_high_thread_score
          • document_ai_file_max_size
          • dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval
          • enable_adaptive_plan_cache
          • enable_auto_split
          • enable_clog_persistence_compress
          • enable_database_sharding_none
          • enable_early_lock_release
          • enable_pl_rich_error_msg
          • enable_gts_standalone
          • enable_kv_group_commit
          • enable_kv_ttl
          • enable_lock_priority
          • enable_manual_storage_cache_policy
          • enable_mlog_auto_maintenance
          • enable_monotonic_weak_read
          • enable_mv_binlog_minimal_mode
          • enable_ls_leader_balance
          • enable_rebalance
          • enable_sql_extension
          • enable_transfer
          • enable_ttl
          • enable_user_defined_rewrite_rules
          • enable_window_compaction
          • external_kms_info
          • external_table_io_hole_size
          • external_table_io_range_size
          • external_table_csv_max_buffer_size
          • ob_vector_search_strategy
          • freeze_trigger_percentage
          • global_index_auto_split_policy
          • ha_high_thread_score
          • ha_low_thread_score
          • ha_mid_thread_score
          • inc_sstable_upload_thread_score
          • io_category_config
          • job_queue_processes
          • json_document_max_depth
          • kv_ttl_duty_duration
          • kv_group_commit_batch_size
          • kv_group_commit_rw_mode
          • kv_hbase_client_scanner_timeout_period
          • kv_ttl_delete_max_ops
          • kv_ttl_history_recycle_interval
          • load_data_diagnosis_log_compression
          • load_data_diagnosis_log_max_size
          • load_vector_index_on_follower
          • lob_enable_block_cache_threshold
          • log_archive_concurrency
          • log_disk_throttling_maximum_duration
          • log_disk_throttling_percentage
          • log_disk_utilization_limit_threshold
          • log_disk_utilization_threshold
          • log_restore_concurrency
          • log_storage_compress_all
          • log_storage_compress_func
          • log_transport_compress_all
          • log_transport_compress_func
          • ls_gc_delay_time
          • ls_scale_out_factor
          • major_compact_trigger
          • major_freeze_duty_time
          • max_partition_num
          • max_stale_time_for_weak_consistency
          • mds_compaction_high_thread_score
          • mds_compaction_mid_thread_score
          • mds_minor_compact_trigger
          • merger_check_interval
          • minor_compact_trigger
          • mlog_trim_interval
          • model_max_retries
          • model_request_timeout
          • ob_compaction_schedule_interval
          • ob_enable_batched_multi_statement
          • ob_encoding_granularity
          • ob_enable_java_udf
          • ob_enable_python_udf
          • ob_proxy_readonly_transaction_routing_policy
          • ob_query_switch_leader_retry_timeout
          • ob_ssl_invited_common_names
          • ob_vector_index_active_segment_max_size
          • ob_vector_index_merge_trigger_percentage
          • ob_vector_memory_limit_percentage
          • open_cursors
          • optimizer_index_cost_adj
          • partition_balance_schedule_interval
          • plsql_code_type
          • plsql_debug
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • plsql_v2_compatibility
          • px_node_policy
          • package_state_sync_max_size
          • px_target_high_watermark
          • px_target_low_watermark
          • px_target_workers_per_cpu
          • px_workers_per_cpu_quota
          • query_memory_limit_percentage
          • query_response_time_flush
          • query_response_time_range_base
          • query_response_time_stats
          • range_optimizer_max_mem_size
          • recover_table_concurrency
          • recover_table_dop
          • replica_parallel_migration_mode
          • result_cache_max_size
          • result_cache_max_result
          • rest_oauth2_credential_refresh_interval
          • rest_oauth2_credential_evict_time
          • ob_result_cache_evict_percentage
          • ob_deterministic_udf_cache_max_size
          • rpc_memory_limit_percentage
          • shared_log_retention
          • spill_compression_codec
          • sql_func_extension_mode
          • sql_work_area
          • standby_db_fetch_log_rpc_timeout
          • standby_db_preferred_upstream_log_region
          • sts_credential
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PLS-00000 to PLS-00999

Last Updated:2026-06-11 02:03:52  Updated
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What is on this page
PLS-00001: "PL/SQL common error", "%s
PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol %s when expecting one of the following: %s
PLS-00109: unknown exception name '%.*s' in PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT
PLS-00113: END identifier '%.*s' must match '%.*s
PLS-00114: identifier ' %.*s' too long
PLS-00115: this PRAGMA must follow the declaration of '%.*s
PLS-00119: Duplicate having-clause in table expression
PLS-00124: name of exception expected for first arg in exception_init pragma
PLS-00128: Illegal number of arguments for pragma EXCEPTION_INIT
PLS-00130:Pragma %s expects 1st argument to be a procedure/function/package/cursor
PLS-00132:Pragma %s does not support %.*s
PLS-00154:An object type may have only 1 MAP or 1 ORDER method
PLS-00155:Only a function may be a MAP, ORDER or CONSTRUCTOR method
PLS-00157:Only schema-level programs
PLS-00168:string'", "duplicate modifier specification '%s'
PLS-00169:modifier '%s' conflicts with prior '%s' specification
PLS-00172:string literal too long
PLS-00174: a static boolean expression must be used
PLS-00179:$ERROR: %.*s
PLS-00180: preprocessor directives are not supported in this context
PLS-00182: Identifier cannot be an empty string
PLS-00201: identifier '%.*s' must be declared
PLS-00204:function or pseudo-column '%s' may be used inside a SQL statement only
PLS-00206:%%TYPE must be applied to a variable, column, field or attribute, not to '%.*s'
PLS-00218:a variable declared NOT NULL must have an initialization assignment
PLS-00221:%s' is not a procedure or is undefined
PLS-00222:no function with name '%.*s' exists in this scope
PLS-00225: subprogram or cursor '%.*s' reference is out of scope
PLS-00227: subprogram 'in' formal %.*s is not yet denotable
PLS-00230:OUT and IN OUT formal parameters may not have default expressions
PLS-00231:function '%.*s' may not be used in SQL
PLS-00254:OUT and IN/OUT modes cannot
PLS-00263:mismatch between string on a subprogram specification and body
PLS-00301:Invalid GOTO to non-label '%.*s'
PLS-00302:component '%.*s' must be declared
PLS-00304:cannot compile body of
PLS-00305: previous use of '%.*s'
PLS-00306:wrong number or types of arguments in call to '%.*s'
PLS-00307:too many declarations of '%.*s' match this call
PLS-00310:with %%ROWTYPE attribute, '%.*s' must name a table, cursor or cursor-variable
PLS-00312:a positional parameter association may not follow a named association
PLS-00315:Implementation restriction: unsupported table index type
PLS-00316:PL/SQL TABLEs must use a single index
PLS-00318:type '%.*s' is malformed because it is a non-REF mutually recursive
PLS-00320:the declaration of the type of this expression is incomplete or malformed
PLS-00321:expression '%.*s' is
PLS-00322:declaration of a constant '%.*s' must contain an initialization assignment
PLS-00323:subprogram or cursor '%.*s' is declared in a package specification and must be defined in the package body
PLS-00325:non-integral numeric literal %.*s is inappropriate in this context
PLS-00328:A subprogram body must be defined for the forward declaration of %.*s
PLS-00329:schema-level type has illegal reference to %.*s
PLS-00357:Table,View Or Sequence reference '%s%s%s%s%s' not allowed in this context
PLS-00360: cursor declaration without body needs return type
PLS-00361: IN cursor '%.*s' cannot be OPEN'ed
PLS-00362: invalid cursor return type; '%.*s' must be a record type
PLS-00363: expression '%.*s' cannot be used as an assignment
PLS-00366:subtype of a not null type must also be not null
PLS-00367:a RAISE statement with no exception name must be inside an exception handler
PLS-00369:no choices may appear with choice OTHERS in an exception handler
PLS-00370:OTHERS handler must be last among the exception handlers of a block
PLS-00371:at most one declaration for
PLS-00372:In a procedure, RETURN statement cannot contain an expression
PLS-00373:EXIT/CONTINUE label '%.*s'
PLS-00375:illegal GOTO statement; this GOTO cannot branch to label '%.*s'
PLS-00376:illegal EXIT/CONTINUE
PLS-00382:expression is of wrong type
PLS-00386:type mismatch found at '%.*s' between FETCH cursor and INTO variables
PLS-00394:wrong number of values in the INTO list of a FETCH statement
PLS-00402:alias required in SELECT list of cursor to avoid duplicate column names
PLS-00403:expression '%.*s' cannot be used as an INTO-target of a SELECT/FETCH statement
PLS-00404: cursor '%.*s' must be declared with FOR UPDATE to use with CURRENT OF
PLS-00410: duplicate fields in
PLS-00413: identifier in CURRENT OF clause is not a cursor name
PLS-00428: an INTO clause is expected in this SELECT statement
PLS-00430:FORALL iteration variable %.*s is not allowed in this context
PLS-00432:implementation restriction: cannot use FORALL and BULK COLLECT INTO together in SELECT statements
PLS-00435:DML statement without BULK In-BIND cannot be used inside FORALL
PLS-00437: FORALL bulk index cannot be used in INTO clause
PLS-00440: FORALL bulk IN-bind variables cannot be used here
PLS-00431: bulk SQL attributes must use a single index
PLS-00438: value in LIMIT clause
PLS-00439:A LIMIT clause must be used within a BULK FETCH
PLS-00441:EXIT/CONTINUE statement may have a label here; '%.*s' is not a label
PLS-00452:Subprogram '%.*s' violates its associated pragma
PLS-00455: cursor '%.*s' cannot be used in dynamic SQL OPEN statement
PLS-00457:expressions have to be of SQL types
PLS-00485: in exception handler, '%.*s' must be an exception name
PLS-00488: '%.*s' must be a type
PLS-00491: numeric literal required
PLS-00492: variable or constant initialization may not refer to functions declared in the same package
PLS-00497:cannot mix between single row and multi-row (BULK) in INTO list
PLS-00503:RETURN value statement required for this return from function
PLS-00520:MAP methods must be
PLS-00521: ORDER methods must be
PLS-00522: MAP methods must return a
PLS-00523: ORDER methods must return
PLS-00524: The parameter type in an
PLS-00525: Within SQL statements, only
PLS-00526: A MAP or ORDER function is required for comparing objects in PL/
PLS-00527: MAP or ORDER functions
PLS-00528: The parameters to an ORDER
PLS-00530:Illegal type used for object type attribute: '%.*s'
PLS-00531:Unsupported type in a VARRAY or TABLE type: '%.*s'
PLS-00537:A VARRAY must have a positive limit
PLS-00538: subprogram or cursor '%.*s'
PLS-00539: subprogram '%.*s' is
PLS-00551:character set ANY_CS is only allowed on a subprogram parameter
PLS-00566:type name '%.*s' cannot be constrained
PLS-00567: cannot pass NULL to a NOT NULL constrained formal parameter
PLS-00572: improper constraint form used
PLS-00586: a static method cannot declare a parameter named SELF
PLS-00587: a static method cannot be
PLS-00589: no attributes found in object type '%.*s'
PLS-00593: default value of parameter '%.*s' in body must match that of spec
PLS-00597: expression '%.*s' in the INTO list is of wrong type
PLS-00594:the SELF parameter can be declared only as IN or as IN OUT
PLS-00617:at least one result in the CASE expression must not be NULL
PLS-00619:the first operand in the NULLIF expression must not be NULL
PLS-00621:at least one operand in the COALESCE expression must not be NULL
PLS-00629:PIPE statement cannot be used in non-pipelined functions
PLS-00630:pipelined functions must have a supported collection return type
PLS-00633:RETURN statement in a pipelined function cannot contain an expression
PLS-00642:local collection types not allowed in SQL statements
PLS-00652:incorrect number of arguments for aggregate function
PLS-00655:only functions can be declared as PIPELINED
PLS-00657:Implementation restriction: bulk SQL with associative arrays with VARCHAR2 key is not supported
PLS-00658:constructor method name must match type name
PLS-00659:constructor method must return SELF AS RESULT
PLS-00660:SELF parameter of constructor method must be IN OUT
PLS-00661:RETURN statement in a CONSTRUCTOR cannot include an expression
PLS-00667:Element type of associative array should be pls_integer or binary_integer
PLS-00668:Type of expression should be a collection type
PLS-00674:references to fields of BULK In-BIND table of records or objects must have the form A(I).F
PLS-00675:invalid section for this type of Compound Trigger
PLS-00676:duplicate Compound Triggers section
PLS-00701:illegal ORACLE error number %.*s for PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT
PLS-00702:second argument to PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT must be a numeric literal
PLS-00708:Pragma %.*s must be declared in a package specification
PLS-00709:pragma %.*s must be declared in package specification and body
PLS-00710: "Pragma string cannot be specified here", "Pragma %s cannot be specified here
PLS-00711: "PRAGMA string cannot be declared twice", "PRAGMA %.*s cannot be declared twice
PLS-00712: illegal option for subprogram %.*s
PLS-00742: field %.*s is not yet denotable
PLS-00753: malformed or corrupted wrapped unit
PLS-00904:insufficient privilege to access object string
PLS-00905:object '%.*s' is invalid
PLS-00990:Index Tables of Cursor Variables are disallowed
PLS-00994:Cursor Variables cannot be
PLS-00999:implementation restriction (may be temporary) %s

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Applicability

This content applies only to the Oracle-compatible mode of OceanBase Database.

PLS-00001: "PL/SQL common error", "%s

  • OceanBase error code: 9656

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: An unexpected symbol was encountered.

  • Solution: The symbol at the location where the error occurred is unexpected. Modify the symbol at the error location.

PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol %s when expecting one of the following: %s

  • OceanBase error code: 9700

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: The parser has encountered a token that is not appropriate in this context.

  • Solution: Check the preceding tokens and the token given in the error message. The line number and column number provided in the error message indicate the end of the erroneous language structure.

PLS-00109: unknown exception name '%.*s' in PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT

  • OceanBase error code: 9583

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: No declaration for the exception name referenced in the EXCEPTION_INIT directive was found within the scope indicated by the compilation directive.

  • Solution: Ensure that the pragma follows the exception declaration and is within the same scope.

PLS-00113: END identifier '%.*s' must match '%.*s

  • OceanBase error code: 9659

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: The keyword END terminates some language constructs (such as loops, blocks, functions, and procedures), after which you can place the name of that construct. For example, at the end of a loop L definition, you might write END L. This error occurs when the optional name does not match the name given to the language construct. It is usually caused by a misspelled identifier or an incorrect block structure.

  • Solution: Ensure that the spelling of the ending identifier matches the name given to the language construct, and that the block structure is correct.

PLS-00114: identifier ' %.*s' too long

  • OceanBase error code: 9526

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: The PL variable name exceeds 128 characters. The maximum length for a valid identifier (including identifiers with quotes) is 128 characters. This may be because a string literal was mistakenly enclosed in double quotes instead of single quotes, in which case PL treats it as an identifier with quotes.

  • Solution: Shorten the identifier.

PLS-00115: this PRAGMA must follow the declaration of '%.*s

  • OceanBase error code: 9622

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: The pragma refers to an undeclared or out-of-reference PL/SQL object. Identifiers must be declared before being used in a pragma; forwarding references is not allowed.

  • Solution: Check the spelling and declaration of the identifier. Also, ensure that the declaration is correctly placed within the block structure.

PLS-00119: Duplicate having-clause in table expression

  • OceanBase error code: 9501

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: Two or more HAVING clauses are found in a SELECT statement.

  • Solution: Delete one HAVING clause and, if necessary, concatenate logical expressions with AND or OR.

PLS-00124: name of exception expected for first arg in exception_init pragma

  • OceanBase error code: 9674

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: The first parameter passed to the exception_init pragma is not an exception name.

  • Solution: Replace the first parameter with a legally declared exception name.

PLS-00128: Illegal number of arguments for pragma EXCEPTION_INIT

  • OceanBase error code: 9675

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: The number of arguments (compiler directives) passed to the named pragma is incorrect. A required parameter is omitted from the list, or the pragma syntax is incorrect (for example, a comma may be missing between two parameters).

  • Solution: Provide the missing parameter or correct the erroneous syntax.

PLS-00130:Pragma %s expects 1st argument to be a procedure/function/package/cursor

  • OceanBase error code: 9661

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: The first parameter (actual argument) passed to the named pragma (compiler directive), as required, is not the name of a subprogram, package, or cursor. The parameter may be misspelled, or the pragma syntax may be incorrect (for example, a comma may be missing between two parameters).

  • Solution: Check the spelling of the first parameter and ensure the correct syntax is used.

PLS-00132:Pragma %s does not support %.*s

  • OceanBase error code: 9658

  • SQLSTATE:HY000

  • Cause: One of the parameters passed to this pragma is not in the list of allowed values. The parameter may be misspelled, or there may be an error in the pragma syntax (for example, a comma may be missing between two parameters).

  • Solution: Check the spelling of all parameters and ensure the correct syntax is used.

PLS-00154:An object type may have only 1 MAP or 1 ORDER method

  • OceanBase error code: 9523

  • SQLSTATE:HY000

  • Cause: Multiple MAP or ORDER functions are declared. An object type can have only one MAP function or one ORDER function; it cannot have multiple MAP functions, multiple ORDER functions, or both.

PLS-00155:Only a function may be a MAP, ORDER or CONSTRUCTOR method

  • OceanBase error code: 9525

  • SQLSTATE:HY000

  • Cause: A procedure is declared as a MAP, ORDER, or CONSTRUCTOR method. Only functions can be MAP, ORDER, or CONSTRUCTOR methods.

PLS-00157:Only schema-level programs

allow %s

  • OceanBase error code: 9506

  • SQLSTATE:HY000

  • Cause: The AUTHID or DEFAULT COLLATION clause is specified for a package or type. Only schema-level stored procedures, packages, and types support these clauses.

  • Solution: Remove the clause.

PLS-00168:string'", "duplicate modifier specification '%s'

  • OceanBase error code: 9643

  • SQLSTATE:HY000

  • Cause: A method or object type modifier is specified multiple times.

  • Solution: Remove all duplicate modifiers except for one.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00169:modifier '%s' conflicts with prior '%s' specification

  • OceanBase error code: 9642

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The specified method or object type modifier conflicts with a previous modifier. For example, a final modifier cannot be combined with a non-final modifier.

  • Solution: Remove one of the conflicting modifiers.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00172:string literal too long

  • OceanBase error code: 9644

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The length of the string literal exceeds 32,767 bytes.

  • Solution: Use a string literal that is at most 32,767 bytes long.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00174: a static boolean expression must be used

  • OceanBase error code: 9552

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A dynamic Boolean expression is used.

  • Solution: Locate the line where the error occurs, replace variables with constants, or use conditional compilation for the variable.

PLS-00179:$ERROR: %.*s

  • OceanBase error code: 9540

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The $ERROR directive is used.

PLS-00180: preprocessor directives are not supported in this context

  • OceanBase error code: 9553

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: Preprocessor directives are used incorrectly.

  • Solution: Use preprocessor directives correctly (such as $IF, $THEN, $ELSE, $END, etc.) and avoid using them inside SQL or DDL statements.

PLS-00182: Identifier cannot be an empty string

  • OceanBase error code: 9657

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: An identifier is declared as an empty string.

  • Solution: Rename the identifier to a non-empty string.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00201: identifier '%.*s' must be declared

  • OceanBase error codes: 5543, 5546

  • SQLSTATE: 42000

  • Cause:

    • References to undeclared variables, abnormal programs, or procedures.

    • References to types without granted privileges.

    • References to types with privileges only granted through roles.

    • Stored objects (packages, procedures, functions, triggers, views) are executed within the security domain of their owner, and no role other than PUBLIC is enabled.

  • Solution:

    • Check the spelling and declaration of the referenced name.

    • Verify that the declaration of the referenced item is correctly placed within a block structure.

    • If the referenced item is indeed declared and you believe you have the right to reference it, check the privileges.

PLS-00204:function or pseudo-column '%s' may be used inside a SQL statement only

  • OceanBase error code: 9682

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A pseudo-column or a prohibited function is used in the program statement. SQL pseudo-columns (LEVEL, ROWID, and ROWNUM) can only be used for declaration in SQL statements. Similarly, certain functions (such as DECODE, DUMP, and VSIZE) and SQL aggregate functions (average, minimum, maximum, count, sum, STDEV, variance) can only be used within SQL statements.

  • Solution: Remove the reference to the pseudo-column or the function call statement from the program. Alternatively, replace the program statement with a SELECT INTO statement. For example, replace bonus := DECODE(rating, 1, 5000, 2, 2500, ...); with SELECT DECODE(rating, 1, 5000, 2, 2500, ...) INTO bonus FROM dual;.

PLS-00206:%%TYPE must be applied to a variable, column, field or attribute, not to '%.*s'

  • OceanBase error code: 9547

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The program object declared with the %TYPE data type attribute is not of an appropriate type. The type must be a variable, column, record group attribute, subprogram formal parameter, or another assignable object.

  • Solution: Add an initialization clause to the variable declaration. If the initialization syntax is too complex, you can add a function call.

PLS-00218:a variable declared NOT NULL must have an initialization assignment

  • OceanBase error code: 9514

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: Typically, variables without an initialization clause in a declaration are automatically initialized to NULL. This is illogical for NOT NULL variables. Therefore, an initialization clause is required.

  • Solution: Add an initialization clause to the variable declaration. If the initialization syntax is too complex, you can add a function call.

PLS-00221:%s' is not a procedure or is undefined

  • OceanBase error code: 9683

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The identifier referenced as a procedure is not declared or actually represents another object (for example, it may have been declared as a function).

  • Solution: Check the spelling and declaration of the identifier. Also confirm that the declaration is correctly placed within the block structure.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00222:no function with name '%.*s' exists in this scope

  • OceanBase error code: 9627

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The identifier referenced as a function is not declared or actually represents another object (for example, it may have been declared as a procedure).

  • Solution: Check the spelling and declaration of the identifier. Also, ensure that the declaration is correctly placed within a block structure.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00225: subprogram or cursor '%.*s' reference is out of scope

  • OceanBase error code: 9628

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A prefix in a qualified name refers to a subprogram or cursor that is not within scope; that is, the subprogram or cursor name is used as a scope qualifier to refer to an entity that is not within range (within that subprogram or cursor). Example: declare x number; type t1 is record (a number); function f return t1 is a number; begin x := f.a;:

    • Legal use of function "f" as a scope qualifier

      • Parsing local variable "a" in the function x := f().a;

      • Legal reference to component "a" of the returned record;

    • Illegal use of function "f" as a scope qualifier x :=f().a;, legal reference to component "a" of the returned record

  • Solution:

    • If the intention is to reference a local variable of a non-closed function, this is not allowed; remove the reference.

    • If this is a parameterless function and the purpose is to access fields of the function's call result, use empty parentheses in the call.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00227: subprogram 'in' formal %.*s is not yet denotable

  • OceanBase error code: 9598

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: When a formal parameter of a subprogram is declared, a parameter is used to initialize another parameter, for example: PROCEDURE my_proc (j NUMBER, k NUMBER := j) IS .... The first parameter has no value before runtime and therefore cannot be used to initialize another parameter.

  • Solution: Remove the illegal formal parameter reference.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00230:OUT and IN OUT formal parameters may not have default expressions

  • OceanBase error code: 9599

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: When declaring formal parameters in a procedure, OUT or IN-OUT parameters can be initialized with default values, for example: PROCEDURE calc_bonus (bonus OUT REAL := 0, ...) IS .... However, only IN parameters can be initialized with default values.

  • Solution: Remove the invalid default expression.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00231:function '%.*s' may not be used in SQL

  • OceanBase error code: 9668

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A prohibited function is used in an SQL statement. Some functions, such as SQLCODE and SQLERRM, can only be used within procedural statements.

  • Solution: Remove the function call from the SQL statement. Alternatively, replace the function call with local variables. For example, the following statement is invalid: INSERT INTO errors VALUES (SQLCODE, SQLERRM);. However, you can assign the values of SQLCODE and SQLERRM to local variables and then use those variables in the SQL statement, as shown below: err_num:=SQLCODE; err_msg:=SQLERRM;. Insert the error values (err_num, err_msg);.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00254:OUT and IN/OUT modes cannot

be used in this context

  • OceanBase error code: 9502

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The USING clause does not correctly use the actual parameter mode (OUT or IN/OUT). For the USING clause in an OPEN statement, only the IN mode is allowed.

  • Solution: Change the parameter mode in the USING clause to the correct one.

PLS-00263:mismatch between string on a subprogram specification and body

  • OceanBase error code: 9602

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: For items for which there is no equivalent clause in the package specification, the ACCESSIBLE BY clause is specified in the package text. In the package body, this clause can only be specified on externally visible subprograms, and the subprogram specification and package body must have equivalent clauses. It cannot be specified on package local or nested subprograms.

  • Solution: Modify the clause on the subprogram body to comply with the specification error, until 300 PH2 errors are reserved for external programs.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00301:Invalid GOTO to non-label '%.*s'

  • OceanBase error code: 9667

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The GOTO statement jumps to non-label content (such as a variable).

  • Solution: Specify a valid label name.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00302:component '%.*s' must be declared

  • OceanBase error code: 9681

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The component has not been declared in the reference to it (for example, in the name "a.B", where "B" is a component of "a"). The component may be misspelled, its declaration may be incorrect, or the declaration may not be placed correctly within the block structure.

  • Solution: Check the spelling and declaration of the component. Also confirm that the declaration is correctly placed within the block structure.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00304:cannot compile body of

'%.*s' without its specification

  • OceanBase error code: 9520

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The compiler package specification required to compile the package body cannot be found. Possible reasons:

    • The software package name is misspelled.

    • The package specification has never been compiled.

    • The compiled package specification cannot be accessed. The package specification must be compiled before compiling the main body of the package, and the compiler must have access to the compiled specification.

  • Solution:

    • Check the spelling of the package name.

    • Compile the package specification before compiling the main body of the package.

    • Ensure the compiler can access the compiled specification.

PLS-00305: previous use of '%.*s'

conflicts with this use

  • OceanBase error code: 9529

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: When prechecking cursors, procedures, functions, or packages, the compiler finds another object with the same name in the same scope. Alternatively, the name in the head of a package subprogram does not match the name in its body.

  • Solution:

    1. Check the spelling of cursors, procedures, functions, and the package name.

    2. Check the names of all constants, variables, parameters, and exceptions declared within the same scope.

    3. Delete or rename objects with duplicate names.

    4. Modify the name in the subprogram header to match the name in the program body.

PLS-00306:wrong number or types of arguments in call to '%.*s'

  • OceanBase error code: 9542

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: This error code is reported when a subprogram call cannot match any declaration of that subprogram name. The following situations may occur:

    • The subprogram name may be misspelled.

    • Parameters may have incorrect data types.

    • Declarations may be incorrect or incorrectly placed within the block structure. For example, calling the built-in square root function SQRT with a misspelled name or parameters of incorrect data types.

  • Solution:

    • Check the spelling and declarations of the subprogram name.

    • Ensure its call is correct.

    • Ensure the parameters are of the correct data types.

    • If it is not a built-in function, place the declaration correctly within the block structure.

PLS-00307:too many declarations of '%.*s' match this call

  • OceanBase error code: 9544

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: The declaration of the subprogram or cursor name is ambiguous because there is no exact match between the declaration and the call when implicit conversion of parameter data types is used, and multiple declarations match the call. Possible reasons include:

    • The subprogram or cursor name may be misspelled.

    • The declaration may be incorrect.

    • The declaration may not be correctly placed within the block structure.

  • Solution:

    • Check the spelling and declaration of the subprogram or cursor name.

    • Ensure the call is correct.

    • Ensure the parameters have the correct data types.

    • If it is not a built-in function, place the declaration correctly within the block structure.

PLS-00310:with %%ROWTYPE attribute, '%.*s' must name a table, cursor or cursor-variable

  • OceanBase error code: 9586

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: The %ROWTYPE attribute must be applied to an identifier declared as a cursor, cursor variable, or database table. This error occurs when %ROWTYPE follows an undeclared identifier.

  • Solution: Change the declaration or do not apply the %ROWTYPE attribute to the identifier.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00312:a positional parameter association may not follow a named association

  • OceanBase error code: 9653

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: When passing a parameter list to a subprogram or cursor, if both positional associations and named associations are used, all positional associations must appear before all named associations in the order they were declared, regardless of their actual order.

  • Solution: Rearrange the parameter list to meet the requirement or use only named associations.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00315:Implementation restriction: unsupported table index type

  • OceanBase error code: 9610

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A data type other than BINARY_INTEGER, PLS_INTEGER, or VARCHAR2 is specified in the INDEX BY clause of a PL/SQL table declaration. A PL/SQL table can have one column and one primary key. The column can be of any scalar type, but the primary key must be of the binary integer type or VARCHAR2.

  • Solution: Use one of the supported key types in the INDEX BY clause.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00316:PL/SQL TABLEs must use a single index

  • OceanBase error code: 9631

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A composite primary key is specified in the INDEX BY clause of a PL/SQL table declaration. A PL/SQL table must have a simple, unnamed primary key of the binary integer or VARCHAR2 type.

  • Solution: Use one of the supported key types in the INDEX BY clause.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00318:type '%.*s' is malformed because it is a non-REF mutually recursive

type

  • OceanBase error code: 9539

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The format of the type declaration is incorrect because it contains a non-REF mutual recursion relationship. Possible scenarios include:

    • Contains recursive self-reference

    • Contains mutual recursive reference

  • Solution: Use other types in the declaration to avoid recursion.

PLS-00320:the declaration of the type of this expression is incomplete or malformed

  • OceanBase error code: 9597

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: An error occurred because the name of a variable or cursor is misspelled in the declaration, or the declaration contains a forward reference. Forward references are not allowed in PL/SQL. Variables or cursors must be declared before they can be referenced in other statements, including other declarative statements. For example, the declaration of dept_rec causes this exception because it references the cursor dept_cur, which has not been declared. Example:

    DECLARE dept_rec dept_cur%ROWTYPE; 
    CURSOR dept_cur IS SELECT ...
    
  • Solution: Check the spelling of all identifiers in the declarations. If necessary, move the declaration so that no forward reference occurs.

PLS-00321:expression '%.*s' is

inappropriate as the left hand side of an assignment statement

  • OceanBase Error Code: 9513

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: This expression cannot appear on the left side of an assignment statement. For example, the function SYSDATE cannot appear on the left side of an assignment statement, such as SYSDATE := '01 -JAN-1990';.

  • Solution: Modify the incorrect assignment statement.

PLS-00322:declaration of a constant '%.*s' must contain an initialization assignment

  • OceanBase Error Code: 9515

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A constant declaration is missing an initial value.

  • Solution: Declare the constant correctly.

PLS-00323:subprogram or cursor '%.*s' is declared in a package specification and must be defined in the package body

  • OceanBase Error Code: 9585

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: Cursors or subprograms declared in the package header must be defined in the package body.

  • Solution: Check the spelling of the subprogram name. If necessary, add the missing subprogram body to the package body.

PLS-00325:non-integral numeric literal %.*s is inappropriate in this context

  • OceanBase Error Codes: 9605, 9670

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A non-integer numeric literal is used in a context where an integer is required.

  • Solution: Replace the inappropriate text with an integer text.

PLS-00328:A subprogram body must be defined for the forward declaration of %.*s

  • OceanBase error code: 9587

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A subprogram specification has been declared, but the corresponding subprogram body is not defined. Write the specification and the body as a single unit. Another solution is to separate the specification from its body, which is necessary when you want to define mutually recursive subprograms or group subprograms into packages.

  • Solution: Check the spelling of the subprogram name. If necessary, provide the missing subprogram body.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00329:schema-level type has illegal reference to %.*s

  • OceanBase error code: 9609

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A reference is made from a schema-level type to a type other than a schema-level type.

  • Solution: Replace the illegal reference and try the operation again.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00357:Table,View Or Sequence reference '%s%s%s%s%s' not allowed in this context

  • OceanBase error code: 9680

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A reference to a database table, view, or sequence is found in an inappropriate context. Such references can only appear in SQL statements, or (except for sequences) in %TYPE and %ROWTYPE declarations. The following are some valid examples: SELECT ename, emp.deptno, dname INTO my_ename, my_deptno, my_dept .FROM emp, dept WHERE emp.deptno = dept.deptno; DECLARE last_name emp.ename %TYPE; dept_rec dept%ROWTYPE;.

  • Solution: Remove or relocate the illegal references.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00360: cursor declaration without body needs return type

  • OceanBase error code: 9595

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The cursor declaration is missing a body (a SELECT statement) or a return type. If you want to separate the cursor specification from its body, you must provide a return type, for example: CURSOR c1 RETURN emp%ROWTYPE;.

  • Solution: Add a SELECT statement or a return type to the cursor declaration.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00361: IN cursor '%.*s' cannot be OPEN'ed

  • OceanBase error code: 9594

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The cursor parameter cannot be opened because its mode cannot be modified.

  • Solution: Change the cursor parameter to IN-OUT or OUT.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00362: invalid cursor return type; '%.*s' must be a record type

  • OceanBase error code: 9593

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: In a cursor specification or a definition of a REF cursor type, a non-record type (such as NUMBER or TABLE) is specified as the return type. This is not allowed. Only the following return types are allowed: <record_type_name><record_name>%type<table_name>%ROWTYPE<cursor_name>%ROWTYPE<cursor_variable_name>%ROWTYTPE.

  • Solution: Modify the cursor specification or the definition of the REF cursor type to specify one of the above return types.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00363: expression '%.*s' cannot be used as an assignment

  • OceanBase error code: 9550

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A statement incorrectly uses literals, constants, IN parameters, the counter variable in a LOOP, or function calls.

  • Solution: Modify the statement expression.

PLS-00366:subtype of a not null type must also be not null

  • OceanBase error code: 9684

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: After a subtype is defined as NOT NULL, it cannot be used as the base type for another subtype defined as NULL. For example: DECLARE SUBTYPE Weekday IS INTEGER NOT NULL; SUBTYPE Weekend IS Weekday;.

  • Solution: Modify the subtype definition to eliminate the conflict.

PLS-00367:a RAISE statement with no exception name must be inside an exception handler

  • OceanBase error code: 9592

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A RAISE statement without an exception name was found outside an exception handler.

  • Solution: Remove the RAISE statement, reposition it within an exception handler, or provide the missing exception name.

Note

This error code is introduced in V3.2.4.

PLS-00369:no choices may appear with choice OTHERS in an exception handler

  • OceanBase error code: 9596

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The WHEN excep1 OR OTHERS form construct is encountered in the definition of an exception handler. The OTHERS handler must appear separately as the last exception handler in the block.

  • Solution: Remove the identifier that appears together with other identifiers, or write a separate exception handler for that identifier.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00370:OTHERS handler must be last among the exception handlers of a block

  • OceanBase error code: 9591

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: One or more exception handlers appear after other handlers. The OTHERS handler must be the last handler in a block or subprogram because it serves as the handler for all unspecified exceptions.

  • Solution: Move the OTHERS handler so that it follows all specific exception handlers.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00371:at most one declaration for

'%.*s' is permitted

  • OceanBase error code: 9507

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The reference to the variable is ambiguous because the variable has multiple declarations. In the declarative part of a block, procedure, or function, at most one local variable with the given identifier is allowed. A given variable can appear at most once in a block.

  • Solution: Check the spelling of the variable. If necessary, delete all declarations of the variable and retain only one.

PLS-00372:In a procedure, RETURN statement cannot contain an expression

  • OceanBase error code: 5583

  • SQLSTATE: 42000

  • Cause: In a procedure, the RETURN statement contains an expression, which is not allowed.

  • Solution: Remove the expression from the RETURN statement, or redefine the procedure as a function.

PLS-00373:EXIT/CONTINUE label '%.*s'

must label a LOOP statement

  • OceanBase error code: 9512

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The label in the EXIT or CONTINUE statement does not refer to a LOOP statement. The EXIT or CONTINUE statement does not require a label. If a label is specified (such as in EXIT my_label or CONTINUE my_label), the label must refer to a LOOP statement.

  • Solution: Ensure the label name is spelled correctly and refers to a LOOP statement.

PLS-00375:illegal GOTO statement; this GOTO cannot branch to label '%.*s'

  • OceanBase error code: 9505

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A GOTO statement branches from outside a structured sequence of statements (such as a loop or exception handler) to a label within that sequence. Such branching is not allowed.

  • Solution: Move the GOTO statement inside the sequence of statements, or move the labeled statement outside the sequence.

PLS-00376:illegal EXIT/CONTINUE

statement; it must appear inside a loop

  • OceanBase error code: 9510

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: An EXIT or CONTINUE statement was found outside a loop structure. The EXIT statement terminates the loop prematurely, while the CONTINUE statement resumes the next iteration of the loop. Both statements must always be within a loop.

  • Solution: Remove the EXIT or CONTINUE statement, or place it inside a loop structure.

PLS-00382:expression is of wrong type

  • OceanBase error code: 9519

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The expression has an incorrect data type.

  • Solution: Change the data type of the expression. You may need to use data type conversion functions.

PLS-00386:type mismatch found at '%.*s' between FETCH cursor and INTO variables

  • OceanBase error code: 9590

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The data types of the assignment targets in the INTO list of the FETCH statement do not match the corresponding columns in the select-list declared by the cursor, and it is unclear which implicit conversion is needed to resolve the mismatch.

  • Solution: Modify the cursor declaration or change the data types of the assigned targets. You may want to use data type conversion functions in the select-list of the query associated with the cursor.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00394:wrong number of values in the INTO list of a FETCH statement

  • OceanBase error code: 9660

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The number of variables in the INTO clause of the FETCH statement does not match the number of columns in the cursor declaration.

  • Solution: Adjust the number of variables in the INTO clause or the number of columns in the cursor declaration to match.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00402:alias required in SELECT list of cursor to avoid duplicate column names

  • OceanBase error code: 9588

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The cursor was declared with a SELECT statement that contains duplicate column names.

  • Solution: Replace the duplicate column names in the "SELECT" list with aliases.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00403:expression '%.*s' cannot be used as an INTO-target of a SELECT/FETCH statement

  • OceanBase error code: 9665

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The FETCH statement cannot assign values to its INTO list because the target is not a legally formed and declared variable. For example, the following assignment is illegal because 'Jones' is a string, not a variable: FETCH my_cur INTO 'Jones'.

  • Solution: Check the spelling and declaration of the assigned target. Ensure that the rules for forming variable names are followed.

PLS-00404: cursor '%.*s' must be declared with FOR UPDATE to use with CURRENT OF

  • OceanBase error code: 9693

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The cursor_name in the CURRENT OF cursor_name clause has not been declared in the FOR UPDATE clause.

  • Solution: Add a FOR UPDATE clause to the cursor definition or do not use the CURRENT OF cursor_name clause.

Note

This error code is introduced in V3.2.4.

PLS-00410: duplicate fields in

RECORD,TABLE or argument list are not permitted

  • OceanBase error code: 9508

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: When declaring a user-defined record, two fields have the same name. Like column names in a database table, user-defined field names must be unique.

  • Solution: Check the spelling of the field names and remove the duplicate names.

PLS-00413: identifier in CURRENT OF clause is not a cursor name

  • OceanBase error code: 9692

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The identifier in the CURRENT OF clause refers to an object rather than a cursor.

  • Solution: Check the spelling of the identifier. Ensure that the identifier refers to the cursor itself in the DELETE or UPDATE statement, not a FOR loop variable.

Note

This error code is introduced in V3.2.4.

PLS-00428: an INTO clause is expected in this SELECT statement

  • OceanBase error code: 9618

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The INTO clause is omitted in a SELECT INTO statement. For example, the code is similar to SELECT deptno, dname, loc FROM dept WHERE ... instead of SELECT deptno, dname, loc INTO dept_rec FROM dept WHERE .... In PL/SQL, only subqueries can lack an INTO clause.

  • Solution: Add the required INTO clause.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00430:FORALL iteration variable %.*s is not allowed in this context

  • OceanBase error code: 9612

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A FORALL iteration variable can only be used as an index. It cannot be used directly or as part of an expression.

  • Solution: Use the FORALL variable only as a collection index.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00432:implementation restriction: cannot use FORALL and BULK COLLECT INTO together in SELECT statements

  • OceanBase error code: 9614

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A SELECT statement contains both the FORALL and BULK COLLECT INTO phrases.

  • Solution: You cannot use both the FORALL and BULK COLLECT INTO phrases in a SELECT statement.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00435:DML statement without BULK In-BIND cannot be used inside FORALL

  • OceanBase error code: 9615

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A DML (SELECT/INSERT/DELETE/UPDATE) statement in a FORALL statement does not contain a BULK IN-BIND variable.

  • Solution: A DML (SELECT/INSERT/DELETE/UPDATE) statement in a FORALL statement must contain a BULK IN-BIND variable.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00437: FORALL bulk index cannot be used in INTO clause

  • OceanBase error code: 9836

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The FORALL bulk index cannot be used in the INTO clause.

  • Solution: Ensure that the FORALL statement is used only for pure DML operations.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.5.0.

PLS-00440: FORALL bulk IN-bind variables cannot be used here

  • OceanBase error code: 9837

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: FORALL bulk input bind variables cannot be used here.

  • Solution: Place the variable processing logic in the correct location.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.5.0.

PLS-00431: bulk SQL attributes must use a single index

  • OceanBase error code: 9838

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The bulk SQL attributes do not use a single index.

  • Solution: Use a single index.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.5.0.

PLS-00438: value in LIMIT clause

\'%.*s\' use is invalid

  • OceanBase error code: 9518

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: The data type of the value in the LIMIT clause following FETCH INTO is incorrect. For example, the following statement is invalid because the LIMIT clause requires a numeric value. FETCH c1 BULK COLLECT INTO var_tab LIMIT 'aaaaa';.

  • Solution: Modify the expression in the LIMIT clause to be a numeric value. For example, FETCH c1 BULK COLLECT INTO var_tab LIMIT '22333';.

PLS-00439:A LIMIT clause must be used within a BULK FETCH

  • OceanBase error code: 9636

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: The LIMIT clause is used in a non-bulk fetch operation.

  • Solution: Do not use the LIMIT clause when performing a non-bulk fetch.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00441:EXIT/CONTINUE statement may have a label here; '%.*s' is not a label

  • OceanBase error code: 9654

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: The specified name is not a label. The EXIT or CONTINUE statement does not require a label, but if an optional name is provided, it must be a label.

  • Solution: Check the spelling of the name. Ensure the name is a label for the loop that embeds the EXIT or CONTINUE statement. If this statement does not require a label, remove the name.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00452:Subprogram '%.*s' violates its associated pragma

  • OceanBase error code: 9619

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Error cause: A packaged function cannot be called from an SQL statement unless its purity level is declared by encoding the RESTRICT_REFERENCES pragma in the package specification. The pragma is used to control side effects; it tells the PL/SQL compiler to deny read/write access to database tables, public package variables, or both. An SQL statement that violates this pragma will result in a compilation error.

  • Solution: Increase the function's purity level or relax the pragma restrictions.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00455: cursor '%.*s' cannot be used in dynamic SQL OPEN statement

  • OceanBase error code: 9686

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A REF cursor with a return type is dynamically opened. However, only REF cursors without a return type can be opened by the embeded dynamic OPEN statement.

  • Solution: Define a REF cursor without a return type and use it in the statement.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00457:expressions have to be of SQL types

  • OceanBase error code: 9620

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The expressions in the USING or dynamic RETURNING clause are of incorrect types. In the USING or dynamic RETURNING clause, expressions cannot be non-SQL types, such as booleans, index tables, or records.

  • Solution: Change the expression types to SQL types.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00485: in exception handler, '%.*s' must be an exception name

  • OceanBase error code: 5545

  • SQLSTATE: 42000

  • Cause: An identifier that is not declared as an exception appears in the WHEN clause of an exception handler. Only exception names are valid in the WHEN clause.

  • Solution: Check the spelling of the exception name and ensure it is correctly declared as an exception.

PLS-00488: '%.*s' must be a type

  • OceanBase error code: 9543

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The data type specifier in a declaration or expression does not specify a valid type. Possible scenarios include:

    • The %TYPE attribute may not have been added to the declaration. For example, in DECLARE my_sal emp.sal%TYPE;my_ename emp.ename;, %TYPE is not declared.

    • To automatically provide the data type of a column when declaring a constant or variable, you can use the %TYPE attribute.

    • To automatically provide the data type of a row when declaring a record, you can use the %ROWTYPE attribute.

  • Solution: Ensure the data type specifier specifies a valid type. Use the %TYPE and %ROWTYPE attributes if necessary.

PLS-00491: numeric literal required

  • OceanBase error code: 9604

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A literal or variable is used where a numeric constant is required. For example, in my_ename VARCHAR2(max_len); instead of my_ename VARCHAR2(15);, an integer literal must be used when specifying the maximum length of a VARCHAR2 variable.

  • Solution: Replace the identifier with a numeric constant.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00492: variable or constant initialization may not refer to functions declared in the same package

  • OceanBase error code: 9655

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: If a package spec p declares a function f, then this function cannot under any circumstances use variable declarations from the same package specification. This is due to the issue of circular instantiation: to fully instantiate a package specification, variables must be initialized. To initialize variables, the code in the function body within the package body must be executed. This requires instantiating the package body. However, the package body cannot be instantiated before the package specification is fully instantiated.

  • Solution: Remove references to the function from the variable initialization. A common technique is to move the variable initialization from the variable declaration (in the package specification) to the package body initialization block.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00497:cannot mix between single row and multi-row (BULK) in INTO list

  • OceanBase error code: 9639

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause:

    • When using the BULK syntax (for example, BULK COLLECT INTO) to retrieve data, the type of each variable in the input INTO list must be a collection of the corresponding column types.

    • If the BULK syntax is not used, each variable in the INTO list must be of a type compatible with the corresponding column.

  • Solution: Modify the INTO list so that all variables have the correct data types.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00503:RETURN value statement required for this return from function

  • OceanBase error code: 9634

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A return statement without an expression was used within the function body. In procedures, a RETURN statement can be without an expression because it simply returns control to the caller. However, in functions, a RETURN statement must contain an expression because its value is assigned to the function identifier.

  • Solution: Add an expression to the RETURN statement.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00520:MAP methods must be

declared without any parameters other than (optional) SELF

  • OceanBase error code: 9532

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: Parameters were declared for a MAP member function. A MAP member function can have only one parameter: the default SELF parameter. MAP functions cannot be declared with any parameters; the compiler adds the SELF parameter.

  • Solution: Remove the parameters from the MAP function.

PLS-00521: ORDER methods must be

declared with 1 (one) parameter in addition to (optional) SELF

  • OceanBase error code: 9538

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: An ORDER function is declared without a user-specified parameter. The ORDER function has two parameters: a default SELF parameter added by the compiler, and a second parameter added by the user, which must be of the same type as the enclosing object.

  • Solution: Modify the parameter types.

PLS-00522: MAP methods must return a

scalar type

  • OceanBase error code: 9531

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A MAP member function is written to return a non-scalar type.

  • Solution: Rewrite the MAP function to return a scalar type.

PLS-00523: ORDER methods must return

an INTEGER

  • OceanBase error code: 9533

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The ORDER function returns a type other than an integer.

  • Solution: Rewrite the ORDER function to return an integer type.

PLS-00524: The parameter type in an

ORDER method must be the containing object type

  • OceanBase error code: 9534

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: An ORDER function is declared without a user-specified parameter. The ORDER function has two parameters: a default SELF parameter added by the compiler, and a second parameter added by the user, which must be of the same type as the enclosing object.

  • Solution: Modify the parameter types.

PLS-00525: Within SQL statements, only

equality comparisons of objects are allowed without a map or order function

  • OceanBase error code: 9535

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: No MAP or ORDER function is provided for the comparison. If no MAP or ORDER function is provided, only equality comparison is allowed.

  • Solution: Provide the MAP or ORDER function for the object, or modify the program to use only equality comparison.

PLS-00526: A MAP or ORDER function is required for comparing objects in PL/

SQL

  • OceanBase error code: 9524

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The MAP or ORDER function is not defined for comparing objects in PL code.

  • Solution: Define the MAP or ORDER function and try the operation again.

PLS-00527: MAP or ORDER functions

require a PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES specifying :WNDS,WNPS,RNPS,RNDS

  • OceanBase error code: 9536

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause:

    • The pragma restrict_references clause is not specified.

    • The pragma restrict_references clause is specified, but any one of the following parameters is missing: WNDS, WNPS, RNPS, or RNDS.

  • Solution: Add or correct the pragma clause and try the operation again.

PLS-00528: The parameters to an ORDER

function must have IN mode

  • OceanBase error code: 9537

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: You declared the parameters of the ORDER function as OUT or IN OUT mode.

  • Solution: Correct the parameter declaration to IN mode.

PLS-00530:Illegal type used for object type attribute: '%.*s'

  • OceanBase error code: 9651

  • SQLSTATE:HY000

  • Cause: An invalid type is used for an object type attribute.

  • Solution: Use only supported types for object type attributes.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00531:Unsupported type in a VARRAY or TABLE type: '%.*s'

  • OceanBase error code: 9652

  • SQLSTATE:HY000

  • Cause: An unsupported type is used for a VARRAY or TABLE type.

  • Solution: Use only supported types for VARRAY or TABLE type.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00537:A VARRAY must have a positive limit

  • OceanBase error code: 9611

  • SQLSTATE:HY000

  • Cause: A VARRAY type is declared with a non-positive limit, for example, VARRAY(0).

  • Solution: Declare a VARRAY type with a positive limit and try the operation again.

PLS-00538: subprogram or cursor '%.*s'

is declared in an object type specification and must be defined in the object type body

  • OceanBase error code: 9522

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The specified subprogram is declared in the specification of the object type but not defined in the body of the object type.

  • Solution: Define the subprogram in the body of the object type, or remove the declaration from the specification.

PLS-00539: subprogram '%.*s' is

declared in an object type body and must be defined in the object type specification

  • OceanBase error code: 9521

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The specified subprogram is declared in the body of the object type but not defined in the specification of the object type. Cursors do not need to be defined in the body.

  • Solution: Define the subprogram in the specification of the object type, or remove the declaration from the body.

PLS-00551:character set ANY_CS is only allowed on a subprogram parameter

  • OceanBase error code: 9608

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The character set ANY_CS is specified where it is not allowed.

  • Solution: Modify or remove the character set specification.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00566:type name '%.*s' cannot be constrained

  • OceanBase error code: 9607

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: Types such as LOB, DATE, BOOLEAN, ROWID, or MLSLABEL are constrained by length specifications. For example: X BLOB(5);.

  • Solution: Remove the constraint.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00567: cannot pass NULL to a NOT NULL constrained formal parameter

  • OceanBase error code: 9673

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A NULL value is passed to a formal parameter with a NOT NULL constraint.

  • Solution: Pass a non-null expression.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00572: improper constraint form used

  • OceanBase error code: 9606

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The "number" type does not support a range. User-defined aggregate types and integer types do not support specifying scale or precision. For example, "x number(5,3)" is acceptable, but "x number range 1..10" is not.

  • Solution: Remove the constraint.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00586: a static method cannot declare a parameter named SELF

  • OceanBase error code: 9649

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The parameter SELF is used in the declaration of a static method. SELF is reserved as a parameter name in the method to hold the object instance that calls the method. Static methods do not allow a parameter named SELF because they are not applicable to specific object instances.

  • Solution: Change the name of the parameter in the declaration.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00587: a static method cannot be

invoked on an instance value

  • OceanBase error code: 9527

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: You tried to use an object instance value instead of the type name as the qualifier for a method call, but only the type name can be used as a qualifier when calling a static method.

  • Solution: If a method is static, use the type name rather than an object instance value to qualify the method name.

PLS-00589: no attributes found in object type '%.*s'

  • OceanBase error code: 9650

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A table of a non-ADT type was defined.

  • Solution: Table types should be of the ADT type only.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00593: default value of parameter '%.*s' in body must match that of spec

  • OceanBase error code: 9630

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The default value initialization for a parameter in the subprogram body within the package body does not match the default value initialization in the corresponding subprogram specification within the package specification.

  • Solution: Modify the default initialization of the parameter in the package body to match the initialization in spec.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00597: expression '%.*s' in the INTO list is of wrong type

  • OceanBase error code: 9637

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: This exception is raised for the following errors:

    • The expression in the INTO clause of an OPEN or RETURNING statement is neither a valid SQL data type nor a PL/SQL record data type.

    • A record set is used in the INTO clause of an OPEN or RETURNING statement.

    • A record or record set is used for BULK COLLECT INTO.

  • Solution: Use an expression with the correct data type in the INTO clause.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00594:the SELF parameter can be declared only as IN or as IN OUT

  • OceanBase error code: 9530

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The SELF parameter is declared as an OUT parameter.

  • Solution: Declare the SELF parameter as an IN or IN OUT parameter.

PLS-00617:at least one result in the CASE expression must not be NULL

  • OceanBase error code: 9666

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: All results in the CASE expression are the text NULL.

  • Solution: Change at least one result in the CASE expression to a non-NULL value.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00619:the first operand in the NULLIF expression must not be NULL

  • OceanBase error code: 9647

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The first operand in the NULLIF expression is the text NULL.

  • Solution: Change the first operand in the NULLIF expression to a non-NULL value.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00621:at least one operand in the COALESCE expression must not be NULL

  • OceanBase error code: 9648

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: All operands in the COALESCE expression are the text NULL.

  • Solution: Change at least one operand in the COALESCE expression to non-NULL.

PLS-00629:PIPE statement cannot be used in non-pipelined functions

  • OceanBase error code: 9623

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The PIPE statement is used in a non-pipeline function.

  • Solution: Use the PIPE statement only in pipeline functions.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00630:pipelined functions must have a supported collection return type

  • OceanBase error code: 9601

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A pipeline function is specified with an unsupported return type. The following collection types are not supported as the return type of a pipeline function:

    • Non-collections.

    • PL/SQL tables.

    • Associative arrays.

    • Collections of PL/SQL types: rowid, mlslabel, long, long raw, boolean, binary_integer, pls_integer, string, and urowid.

  • Solution: Specify a supported collection type as the return type of the pipeline function.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00633:RETURN statement in a pipelined function cannot contain an expression

  • OceanBase error code: 9635

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A RETURN statement in a pipelined function contains an expression, which is not allowed. Pipelined functions must use the PIPE statement to send values back to the caller.

  • Solution: Remove the expression from the RETURN statement and use the PIPE statement to return the value. Otherwise, convert the function to a non-pipelined function.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00642:local collection types not allowed in SQL statements

  • OceanBase error code: 9589

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A local-defined (that is, non-schema-level) collection type is used in an SQL statement. This type must be defined in the architecture before it can be accepted in an SQL statement.

  • Solution: Define the collection type in the schema, not in the PL/SQL subprogram.

PLS-00652:incorrect number of arguments for aggregate function

  • OceanBase error code: 9633

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: An aggregate function is created with 0 or more than 999 parameters.

  • Solution: Do not create aggregate functions with 0 or more than 999 parameters.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00655:only functions can be declared as PIPELINED

  • OceanBase error code: 9600

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The PIPELINED type can only be defined in a FUNCTION.

  • Solution: Change the statement type to FUNCTION, or remove the PIPELINED usage.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00657:Implementation restriction: bulk SQL with associative arrays with VARCHAR2 key is not supported

  • OceanBase error code: 9638

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A variable or expression of the associative array type is used for batch SQL binding or definition.

  • Solution: Use a collection type that is supported by bulk SQL.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00658:constructor method name must match type name

  • OceanBase error code: 9528

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: You try to use an object instance value instead of the type name as the qualifier for a method call name. However, only the type name can be used as a qualifier when calling a static method.

  • Solution: If the method is static, use the type name instead of the object instance value to qualify the method name.

PLS-00659:constructor method must return SELF AS RESULT

  • OceanBase error code: 9646

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The return clause of the constructor method does not specify SELF as the result.

  • Solution: Modify the return clause to include return SELF as the result.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00660:SELF parameter of constructor method must be IN OUT

  • OceanBase error code: 9645

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The mode of the SELF parameter in the constructor is not IN OUT.

  • Solution: Change the mode of the SELF parameter to IN OUT.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00661:RETURN statement in a CONSTRUCTOR cannot include an expression

  • OceanBase error code: 9541

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: An expression exists in the RETURN statement of the CONSTRUCTOR body.

  • Solution: Remove the expression from the RETURN statement.

PLS-00667:Element type of associative array should be pls_integer or binary_integer

  • OceanBase error code: 9617

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The index set specifies an element type that is not pls_integer or binary_integer.

  • Solution: Change the index set variable type to an associative array whose element type is pls_integer or binary_integer.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00668:Type of expression should be a collection type

  • OceanBase error code: 9616

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: An expression is specified after an index or value in a clause whose type is not a collection type.

  • Solution: Change the index/set expression type to a valid collection type.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00674:references to fields of BULK In-BIND table of records or objects must have the form A(I).F

  • OceanBase error code: 9613

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The form table(bulk_index).field is the only field selection supported at runtime.

  • Solution: Use a FOR loop instead of a FORALL DML statement (MERGE/INSERT/DELETE/UPDATE), or modify the reference to conform to the allowed form.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00675:invalid section for this type of Compound Trigger

  • OceanBase error code: 9698

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The trigger event type of a compound trigger must be consistent with the object on which the trigger is based.

  • Solution: If a compound trigger is based on a view, only the Instead of trigger event can be defined. If it is based on a table, only events other than the Instead of trigger event can be defined.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00676:duplicate Compound Triggers section

  • OceanBase error code: 9699

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: Each Compound Triggers section can appear at most once in the body of a compound trigger.

  • Solution: Remove the duplicate section.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00701:illegal ORACLE error number %.*s for PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT

  • OceanBase error code: 9629

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The error code number passed to the EXCEPTION_INIT pragma is out of range. Error codes within the 1-9999 range (excluding 100) or the 20000-20999 range are used for user-defined errors.

  • Solution: Use a valid error code number.

PLS-00702:second argument to PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT must be a numeric literal

  • OceanBase error code: 9676

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The second parameter passed to the EXCEPTION_INIT pragma is not a numeric literal (e.g., a variable). The second parameter must be an error code within the 1-9999 (excluding 100) range, or the 20000-20999 range for user-defined errors.

  • Solution: Replace the second parameter with a valid error code.

PLS-00708:Pragma %.*s must be declared in a package specification

  • OceanBase error code: 9603

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The pragma is not declared as required in the package specification. For example, RESTRICT_REFERENCES must be declared in the package specification.

  • Solution: Remove or reposition the misplaced pragma.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00709:pragma %.*s must be declared in package specification and body

  • OceanBase error code: 9632

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: A named pragma is declared in the package specification but not in the corresponding package body, or vice versa.

  • Solution: Add the pragma to the part of the package declaration that does not contain a pragma.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00710: "Pragma string cannot be specified here", "Pragma %s cannot be specified here

  • OceanBase error code: 9509

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION pragma cannot be specified here.

  • Solution: Check whether the program name is spelled correctly.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00711: "PRAGMA string cannot be declared twice", "PRAGMA %.*s cannot be declared twice

  • OceanBase error code: 9621

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The PRAGMA statement is declared twice in the same block.

  • Solution: Remove duplicate declarations of PRAGMA.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00712: illegal option for subprogram %.*s

  • OceanBase error code: 9626

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: The "DETERMINISTIC" or "PARALLEL_ENABLE" option can only be specified for top-level subprograms or for subprograms declared in package or type specifications. For example, specifying this option inside a package or type body will cause this error.

  • Solution: Remove this option.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00742: field %.*s is not yet denotable

  • OceanBase error code: 9669

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: When declaring fields for a record, one field is used to initialize another. For example, when entering my_rec IS record(f1 varchar2(10), f2 varchar2(10):=f1);, the first field has no value before runtime and therefore cannot be used to initialize the other field.

  • Solution: Remove the invalid field reference.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00753: malformed or corrupted wrapped unit

  • OceanBase error code: 9806

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: Attempt to load or execute a corrupted wrapped PL/SQL unit.

  • Solution: Check the integrity of the wrapped code to ensure the format of the wrapped PL/SQL code is not damaged or incomplete.

PLS-00904:insufficient privilege to access object string

  • OceanBase error code: 9625

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: An operation is performed on a database object without the required privileges. For example, this error occurs if you attempt to update a table for which only the SELECT privilege is granted, or if the ACCESS BY clause of a database object prohibits compilation.

  • Solution: Ask the DBA to perform the operation or grant you the required privileges.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00905:object '%.*s' is invalid

  • OceanBase error code: 9548

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: References an invalid package specification or subprogram. A package or subprogram is invalid if its source code or any database objects it references have been discarded, replaced, or modified since the last compilation.

  • Solution: Identify the cause of the invalid package specification or subprogram and ensure it can be recompiled correctly.

PLS-00990:Index Tables of Cursor Variables are disallowed

  • OceanBase error code: 9672

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: Cursor variables cannot be used as elements of an array.

  • Solution: Check the types of the array elements and avoid using cursor types.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

PLS-00994:Cursor Variables cannot be

declared as part of a package

  • OceanBase error code: 9516

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause: Attempting to declare a cursor variable within a package specification is not allowed. Although REF CURSOR types can be defined within PL blocks, subprograms, or packages, cursor variables can only be declared within blocks or subprograms.

  • Solution: Move the cursor variable declaration into a PL block or subprogram.

PLS-00999:implementation restriction (may be temporary) %s

  • OceanBase error code: 9624

  • SQLSTATE: HY000

  • Cause:

    • RESULT_CACHE does not support functions that have OUT or INOUT parameters.

    • RESULT_CACHE does not support functions whose RETURN type or IN parameter types include any of the following:

      • BLOB

      • CLOB

      • NCLOB

      • REFCURSOR

      • Collection

      • Object

      • Records or PL/SQL collection types that contain the above types

    • RESULT_CACHE does not support functions within anonymous blocks.

    • RESULT_CACHE is not supported for PIPELINE FUNCTION and NESTED FUNCTION.

  • Solution: Remove RESULT_CACHE from the usage scenarios where it is not supported.

Note

This error code is introduced in V4.0.0.

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PLS-00001: "PL/SQL common error", "%s
PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol %s when expecting one of the following: %s
PLS-00109: unknown exception name '%.*s' in PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT
PLS-00113: END identifier '%.*s' must match '%.*s
PLS-00114: identifier ' %.*s' too long
PLS-00115: this PRAGMA must follow the declaration of '%.*s
PLS-00119: Duplicate having-clause in table expression
PLS-00124: name of exception expected for first arg in exception_init pragma
PLS-00128: Illegal number of arguments for pragma EXCEPTION_INIT
PLS-00130:Pragma %s expects 1st argument to be a procedure/function/package/cursor
PLS-00132:Pragma %s does not support %.*s
PLS-00154:An object type may have only 1 MAP or 1 ORDER method
PLS-00155:Only a function may be a MAP, ORDER or CONSTRUCTOR method
PLS-00157:Only schema-level programs
PLS-00168:string'", "duplicate modifier specification '%s'
PLS-00169:modifier '%s' conflicts with prior '%s' specification
PLS-00172:string literal too long
PLS-00174: a static boolean expression must be used
PLS-00179:$ERROR: %.*s
PLS-00180: preprocessor directives are not supported in this context
PLS-00182: Identifier cannot be an empty string
PLS-00201: identifier '%.*s' must be declared
PLS-00204:function or pseudo-column '%s' may be used inside a SQL statement only
PLS-00206:%%TYPE must be applied to a variable, column, field or attribute, not to '%.*s'
PLS-00218:a variable declared NOT NULL must have an initialization assignment
PLS-00221:%s' is not a procedure or is undefined
PLS-00222:no function with name '%.*s' exists in this scope
PLS-00225: subprogram or cursor '%.*s' reference is out of scope
PLS-00227: subprogram 'in' formal %.*s is not yet denotable
PLS-00230:OUT and IN OUT formal parameters may not have default expressions
PLS-00231:function '%.*s' may not be used in SQL
PLS-00254:OUT and IN/OUT modes cannot
PLS-00263:mismatch between string on a subprogram specification and body
PLS-00301:Invalid GOTO to non-label '%.*s'
PLS-00302:component '%.*s' must be declared
PLS-00304:cannot compile body of
PLS-00305: previous use of '%.*s'
PLS-00306:wrong number or types of arguments in call to '%.*s'
PLS-00307:too many declarations of '%.*s' match this call
PLS-00310:with %%ROWTYPE attribute, '%.*s' must name a table, cursor or cursor-variable
PLS-00312:a positional parameter association may not follow a named association
PLS-00315:Implementation restriction: unsupported table index type
PLS-00316:PL/SQL TABLEs must use a single index
PLS-00318:type '%.*s' is malformed because it is a non-REF mutually recursive
PLS-00320:the declaration of the type of this expression is incomplete or malformed
PLS-00321:expression '%.*s' is
PLS-00322:declaration of a constant '%.*s' must contain an initialization assignment
PLS-00323:subprogram or cursor '%.*s' is declared in a package specification and must be defined in the package body
PLS-00325:non-integral numeric literal %.*s is inappropriate in this context
PLS-00328:A subprogram body must be defined for the forward declaration of %.*s
PLS-00329:schema-level type has illegal reference to %.*s
PLS-00357:Table,View Or Sequence reference '%s%s%s%s%s' not allowed in this context
PLS-00360: cursor declaration without body needs return type
PLS-00361: IN cursor '%.*s' cannot be OPEN'ed
PLS-00362: invalid cursor return type; '%.*s' must be a record type
PLS-00363: expression '%.*s' cannot be used as an assignment
PLS-00366:subtype of a not null type must also be not null
PLS-00367:a RAISE statement with no exception name must be inside an exception handler
PLS-00369:no choices may appear with choice OTHERS in an exception handler
PLS-00370:OTHERS handler must be last among the exception handlers of a block
PLS-00371:at most one declaration for
PLS-00372:In a procedure, RETURN statement cannot contain an expression
PLS-00373:EXIT/CONTINUE label '%.*s'
PLS-00375:illegal GOTO statement; this GOTO cannot branch to label '%.*s'
PLS-00376:illegal EXIT/CONTINUE
PLS-00382:expression is of wrong type
PLS-00386:type mismatch found at '%.*s' between FETCH cursor and INTO variables
PLS-00394:wrong number of values in the INTO list of a FETCH statement
PLS-00402:alias required in SELECT list of cursor to avoid duplicate column names
PLS-00403:expression '%.*s' cannot be used as an INTO-target of a SELECT/FETCH statement
PLS-00404: cursor '%.*s' must be declared with FOR UPDATE to use with CURRENT OF
PLS-00410: duplicate fields in
PLS-00413: identifier in CURRENT OF clause is not a cursor name
PLS-00428: an INTO clause is expected in this SELECT statement
PLS-00430:FORALL iteration variable %.*s is not allowed in this context
PLS-00432:implementation restriction: cannot use FORALL and BULK COLLECT INTO together in SELECT statements
PLS-00435:DML statement without BULK In-BIND cannot be used inside FORALL
PLS-00437: FORALL bulk index cannot be used in INTO clause
PLS-00440: FORALL bulk IN-bind variables cannot be used here
PLS-00431: bulk SQL attributes must use a single index
PLS-00438: value in LIMIT clause
PLS-00439:A LIMIT clause must be used within a BULK FETCH
PLS-00441:EXIT/CONTINUE statement may have a label here; '%.*s' is not a label
PLS-00452:Subprogram '%.*s' violates its associated pragma
PLS-00455: cursor '%.*s' cannot be used in dynamic SQL OPEN statement
PLS-00457:expressions have to be of SQL types
PLS-00485: in exception handler, '%.*s' must be an exception name
PLS-00488: '%.*s' must be a type
PLS-00491: numeric literal required
PLS-00492: variable or constant initialization may not refer to functions declared in the same package
PLS-00497:cannot mix between single row and multi-row (BULK) in INTO list
PLS-00503:RETURN value statement required for this return from function
PLS-00520:MAP methods must be
PLS-00521: ORDER methods must be
PLS-00522: MAP methods must return a
PLS-00523: ORDER methods must return
PLS-00524: The parameter type in an
PLS-00525: Within SQL statements, only
PLS-00526: A MAP or ORDER function is required for comparing objects in PL/
PLS-00527: MAP or ORDER functions
PLS-00528: The parameters to an ORDER
PLS-00530:Illegal type used for object type attribute: '%.*s'
PLS-00531:Unsupported type in a VARRAY or TABLE type: '%.*s'
PLS-00537:A VARRAY must have a positive limit
PLS-00538: subprogram or cursor '%.*s'
PLS-00539: subprogram '%.*s' is
PLS-00551:character set ANY_CS is only allowed on a subprogram parameter
PLS-00566:type name '%.*s' cannot be constrained
PLS-00567: cannot pass NULL to a NOT NULL constrained formal parameter
PLS-00572: improper constraint form used
PLS-00586: a static method cannot declare a parameter named SELF
PLS-00587: a static method cannot be
PLS-00589: no attributes found in object type '%.*s'
PLS-00593: default value of parameter '%.*s' in body must match that of spec
PLS-00597: expression '%.*s' in the INTO list is of wrong type
PLS-00594:the SELF parameter can be declared only as IN or as IN OUT
PLS-00617:at least one result in the CASE expression must not be NULL
PLS-00619:the first operand in the NULLIF expression must not be NULL
PLS-00621:at least one operand in the COALESCE expression must not be NULL
PLS-00629:PIPE statement cannot be used in non-pipelined functions
PLS-00630:pipelined functions must have a supported collection return type
PLS-00633:RETURN statement in a pipelined function cannot contain an expression
PLS-00642:local collection types not allowed in SQL statements
PLS-00652:incorrect number of arguments for aggregate function
PLS-00655:only functions can be declared as PIPELINED
PLS-00657:Implementation restriction: bulk SQL with associative arrays with VARCHAR2 key is not supported
PLS-00658:constructor method name must match type name
PLS-00659:constructor method must return SELF AS RESULT
PLS-00660:SELF parameter of constructor method must be IN OUT
PLS-00661:RETURN statement in a CONSTRUCTOR cannot include an expression
PLS-00667:Element type of associative array should be pls_integer or binary_integer
PLS-00668:Type of expression should be a collection type
PLS-00674:references to fields of BULK In-BIND table of records or objects must have the form A(I).F
PLS-00675:invalid section for this type of Compound Trigger
PLS-00676:duplicate Compound Triggers section
PLS-00701:illegal ORACLE error number %.*s for PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT
PLS-00702:second argument to PRAGMA EXCEPTION_INIT must be a numeric literal
PLS-00708:Pragma %.*s must be declared in a package specification
PLS-00709:pragma %.*s must be declared in package specification and body
PLS-00710: "Pragma string cannot be specified here", "Pragma %s cannot be specified here
PLS-00711: "PRAGMA string cannot be declared twice", "PRAGMA %.*s cannot be declared twice
PLS-00712: illegal option for subprogram %.*s
PLS-00742: field %.*s is not yet denotable
PLS-00753: malformed or corrupted wrapped unit
PLS-00904:insufficient privilege to access object string
PLS-00905:object '%.*s' is invalid
PLS-00990:Index Tables of Cursor Variables are disallowed
PLS-00994:Cursor Variables cannot be
PLS-00999:implementation restriction (may be temporary) %s