DBCAT is a lightweight command-line tool that provides features such as DDL conversion and schema comparison between databases. This topic describes how to use DBCAT to migrate schemas.
The DBCAT installation package is named in the dbcat-[version number]-SNAPSHOT.tar.gz format. After you download and decompress the installation package, you can directly use it. The executable file is named dbcat.
Notice
DBCAT is a component of OceanBase Migration Service (OMS), and it is recommended to use OMS for exporting in the community edition environment.
Prepare the installation environment
DBCAT can run only on CentOS, macOS, and Windows operating systems. You must first install JDK 1.8 or later. You can also use OpenJDK. Then, specify the environment variable JAVA_HOME.
Here is an example of how to install OpenJDK in a CentOS operating system:
$sudo yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64
$which java
/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_261/bin/java
echo 'export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_261/' >> ~/.bash_profile
. ~/.bash_profile
Decompress the installation package:
tar zxvf dbcat-1.8.0-SNAPSHOT.tar.gz
cd dbcat-1.8.0-SNAPSHOT/
chmod +x bin/dbcat
$tree -L 3 --filelimit 30
.
├── bin
│ ├── dbcat
│ ├── dbcat.bat
│ └── dbcat-debug
├── conf
│ ├── dbcat.properties
│ └── logback.xml
├── docs
│ ├── README.docx
│ ├── README.md
│ └── README.txt
├── LEGAL.md
├── lib [45 entries exceeds filelimit, not opening dir]
├── LICENSE
├── meta
│ └── README
└── NOTICE
5 directories, 12 files
The following table describes the directories in the installation package.
Directory name |
Description |
|---|---|
| bin | The directory where the executable file is located. |
| conf | The directory where log files are located. |
| lib | The directory where the libraries required for running are located. |
| meta | The directory to which dictionary table data is exported in offline conversion scenarios. |
| ~/output | The directory where the SQL file and report file are located. This directory is generated during the running of DBCAT. |
Export schemas from the MySQL database
DBCAT supports online conversion. In other words, DBCAT can directly connect to the source database and export the objects from the database. If you have too many objects (such as 10,000 objects), the export may be slow.
Here is the export command of DBCAT:
bin/dbcat convert -H<host> -P<port> -u<user> -p<password> -D <database> --from <from> --to <to> --all
You can run the bin/dbcat help convert command to learn more about the command options.
The required options are described as follows:
Option |
Has parameters |
Description |
|---|---|---|
| -H or --host | Y | The IP address of the database server. |
| -P or --port | Y | The port number of the database server. |
| -u or --user | Y | The username used to log in to the database. |
| -t or --tenant | Y | The name of the OceanBase tenant. |
| -c or --cluster | Y | The name of the OceanBase cluster. |
| -p or --password | Y | The password used to log in to the database. |
| -D or --database | Y | The name of the source database. If the source database is a DB2 database, the database name and mode name must be different. |
| --service-id | Y | The service ID for connecting to the Oracle database. |
| --service-name | Y | The service name for connecting to the Oracle database. |
| --as-sysdba | N | Specifies to log in to the Oracle database as the sysdba role. |
| --sys-user | Y | The username for logging on to the sys tenant of the OceanBase cluster. |
| --sys-password | Y | The password for logging on to the sys tenant of the OceanBase cluster. |
| --schema | Y | The schema name of the source database. If the source database is not a DB2 database, the schema name is the same as the database name. |
| --from | Y | The type of the source database. |
| --to | Y | The type of the destination database. |
| --all | N | Specifies to export all database objects. |
The optional options are as follows:
Option |
Has parameters |
Description |
|---|---|---|
| -f or --file | Y | The output path of the SQL file. |
| --offline | N | Specifies to use the offline mode. |
| --target-schema | Y | The mode name of the destination database. |
| --table | Y | The table to be exported. |
| --view | Y | The view to be exported. |
| --trigger | Y | The trigger to be exported. |
| --synonym | Y | The synonym to be exported. |
| --sequence | Y | The sequence to be exported. |
| --function | Y | The function to be exported. |
| --procedure | Y | The procedure to be exported. |
| --dblink | Y | The DBLink to be exported. |
| --type | Y | The type of objects to be exported. |
| --type-body | Y | The type body of objects to be exported. |
| --package | Y | The package to be exported. |
| --package-body | Y | The package body to be exported. |
| --no-quote | N | Specifies to generate DDL statements without quotation marks. |
| --no-schema | N | Specifies to generate DDL statements without schema name. |
| --target-schema | Y | Specifies to use the specified schema name for the generated DDL statements. |
| --exclude-type | Y | Specifies to exclude the specified type of objects from the export. You can use this option together with the --all option. For example, --all --exclude-type 'TABLE' specifies to exclude the TABLE type. |
The following example shows how to migrate the schemas of all objects from the test database mysql57 of MySQL 5.7 to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database V4.0.0.
bin/dbcat convert -H 11.161.xxx.xxx -P 3306 -uroot -pxxxxxx -D test --from mysql57 --to obmysql40 --all
Some notes about this:
You do not need to directly install DBCAT on the database host. Instead, you can install it on a host that can directly connect to the database host.
In the command, the
--fromand--tooptions respectively specify the source and destination database types, which must contain the database version number. The following table describes the source and destination databases supported by DBCAT.Source databaseDestination databaseTiDB OBMYSQL PG OBMYSQL SYBASE OBORACLE MYSQL OBMYSQL ORACLE OBORACLE ORACLE OBMYSQL DB2 IBM i OBORACLE DB2 LUW OBORACLE DB2 LUW OBMYSQL OBMYSQL MYSQL OBORACLE ORACLE In the preceding table, OBMYSQL indicates MySQL tenants of OceanBase Database, and OBORACLE indicates Oracle tenants of OceanBase Database.
The following table describes the versions of supported source and destination databases.
DatabaseVersionTiDB tidb4
tidb5PG pgsql10 SYBASE sybase15 DB2 IBM i db2ibmi71 DB2 LUW db2luw970
db2luw1010
db2luw1050
db2luw111
db2luw115MYSQL mysql56
mysql57
mysql</80>ORACLE oracle9i
oracle10g
oracle11g
oracle12c
oracle18c
oracle19cOBMYSQL obmysql14x
obmysql21x
obmysql22x
obmysql200
obmysql211
obmysql2210
obmysql2230
obmysql2250
obmysql2271 ~ obmysql2277
obmysql30x
obmysql31x
obmysql32x
obmysql322
obmysql40OBORACLE oboracle2220
oboracle2230
oboracle2250
oboracle2270 ~ oboracle2277
oboracle21x
oboracle22x
oboracle30x
oboracle31x
oboracle32x
oboracle322
oboracle40
The files generated after the command is executed are stored in the output directory under the home directory.
$tree ~/output/dbcat-20xx-xx-xx-164533/
/home/qing.meiq/output/dbcat-20xx-xx-xx-164533/
├── tpccdb
│ └── TABLE-schema.sql
└── tpccdb-conversion.html
1 directory, 2 files
Import the data to the OceanBase database
The file of data exported by using DBCAT is an SQL file. Here you can use the import function of OceanBase Developer Center (ODC) to import the schemas to the OceanBase database. For more information, see Batch export and import.
You can also use the source command to import data from the SQL file into the OceanBase database. Here is an example:
obclient [test]> source TABLE-schema.sql
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.044 sec)
Notice
If the SQL file is not in the current directory, the absolute path of the SQL file is required.
Verify the data import result
Example: View the schema of a table in the MySQL database and OceanBase database.
View the SQL statement for creating the bmsql_customer table in the source MySQL database.
MySQL [test]> show create table bmsql_customer \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: bmsql_customer
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `bmsql_customer` (
`c_w_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`c_d_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`c_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`c_discount` decimal(4,4) DEFAULT NULL,
`c_credit` char(2) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`c_last` varchar(16) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`c_first` varchar(16) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`c_credit_lim` decimal(12,2) DEFAULT NULL,
`c_balance` decimal(12,2) DEFAULT NULL,
`c_ytd_payment` decimal(12,2) DEFAULT NULL,
`c_payment_cnt` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`c_delivery_cnt` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`c_street_1` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`c_street_2` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`c_city` varchar(20) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`c_state` char(2) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`c_zip` char(9) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`c_phone` char(16) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`c_since` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
`c_middle` char(2) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
`c_data` varchar(500) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c_w_id`,`c_d_id`,`c_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
View the schema of the bmsql_customer table in the destination OceanBase database.
obclient [test]> desc bmsql_customer;
+----------------+---------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------------+---------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+
| c_w_id | bigint(20) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| c_d_id | bigint(20) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| c_id | bigint(20) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| c_discount | decimal(4,4) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_credit | char(2) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_last | varchar(16) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_first | varchar(16) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_credit_lim | decimal(12,2) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_balance | decimal(12,2) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_ytd_payment | decimal(12,2) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_payment_cnt | bigint(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_delivery_cnt | bigint(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_street_1 | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_street_2 | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_city | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_state | char(2) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_zip | char(9) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_phone | char(16) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_since | timestamp | NO | | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
| c_middle | char(2) | YES | | NULL | |
| c_data | varchar(500) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------------+---------------+------+-----+-------------------+-----------------------------+
21 rows in set (0.004 sec)
The schema of the bmsql_customer table is consistent in the source and destination databases.