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Start on Cloud

A unified distributed database ready for your transactional, analytical, and AI workloads.

DEPLOY YOUR WAY

OceanBase Cloud

The best way to deploy and scale OceanBase

OceanBase Enterprise

Run and manage OceanBase on your infra

TRY OPEN SOURCE

OceanBase Community Edition

The free, open-source distributed database

OceanBase seekdb

Open source AI native search database

Customer Stories

Real-world success stories from enterprises across diverse industries.

View All
BY USE CASES

Mission-Critical Transactions

Global & Multicloud Application

Elastic Scaling for Peak Traffic

Real-time Analytics

Active Geo-redundancy

Database Consolidation

Comprehensive knowledge hub for OceanBase.

Blog

Live Demos

Training & Certification

Documentation

Official technical guides, tutorials, API references, and manuals for all OceanBase products.

View All
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OceanBase Database

SQL - V4.4.2

  • What's New
  • What is OceanBase Database
    • Overview
    • Feature differences between the Enterprise Edition and Community Edition
    • System architecture
    • Compatibility with Oracle
      • Overview
      • SQL data types
      • Built-in functions
      • System views
    • Compatibility with MySQL
    • Limitations
  • Get Started
    • Quick start with OceanBase Database Community Edition
    • Learn OceanBase SQL
      • Before you begin
      • Basic SQL operations (MySQL-compatible mode)
      • Basic SQL operations (Oracle-compatible mode)
    • Build a sample application (MySQL-compatible mode)
      • Build a Python application
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
      • Build a Go application
    • Build a sample application (Oracle-compatible mode)
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
    • Try out advanced features of OceanBase Database
      • Scalable OLTP
        • Run the TPC-C benchmark in OceanBase Database
        • Try out the hot row update capability of OceanBase Database
      • Try out operational OLAP
      • Try out parallel import and data compression
      • Try out the multi-tenant feature
  • Develop
    • Develop applications (MySQL-compatible mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using the mysql client
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using DBeaver
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Navicat
        • Use database connection pool
          • Connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
          • JDBC
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis
          • Connector/J
          • TestContainers
        • Python
          • mysqlclient
          • PyMySQL
          • MySQL-connector-python
          • SQLAlchemy
          • Django
          • peewee
        • C
          • MySQL Connector/C
        • Go
          • Go-SQL-Driver/MySQL
          • GORM
        • PHP
          • EXT
          • MySQLi
          • PDO
        • Rust
          • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Rust
          • Connect to OceanBase Database by using SeaORM
        • Ruby
          • ActiveRecord
          • mysql2
          • Sequel
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a database
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
        • Generate test data in batches
      • Read data
        • Single-table queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived table
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use the CASE conditional operator in queries
          • Lock query results with SELECT FOR UPDATE
          • Use the SELECT ... LOCK IN SHARE MODE statement to lock query results
          • Use regular expressions in queries
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
      • Transactions
        • Transaction management overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
          • Release a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • Error code introduction
          • Error handling specifications for MySQL-compatible applications
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Disconnected from the server, with ERROR 2013 reported
          • Idle transaction timed out, with ERROR 6002 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with ERROR 4012 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Table already exists, with ERROR 1050 reported
          • Table does not exist, with ERROR 1146 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with ERROR 1062 reported
          • ERROR 1215 reported in foreign key addition
          • Data truncated while being inserted, with ERROR 1265 reported
    • Develop applications (Oracle-compatible mode)
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview of connection methods
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Connect to OceanBase Database using DBeaver (Oracle-compatible mode)
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Navicat (Oracle-compatible mode)
        • Use database connection pool
          • Database Connection Pool Configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
          • Proxool
          • HikariCP
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Batch
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Hibernate
          • MyBatis
          • JFinal
        • Python
          • Python Driver Oracle Mode
        • C/C++
          • OceanBase Connector/C
          • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
          • SqlSugar
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a table group
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Delete data
        • Replace data
        • Generate test data in batches
      • Read data
        • Single-table query
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • Lateral derived tables
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use CASE functions in queries
          • Use the SELECT...FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Set operations
        • Pagination
      • Transactions
        • Transaction management overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
        • Commit a transaction
        • Roll back a transaction
      • Application errors
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling specifications for Oracle-compatible applications
  • Deploy
    • Deployment overview
    • HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Deployment process
      • Before deployment
        • Prepare servers
        • Configure servers
        • Prepare installation packages
        • Deploy OAT
      • Deploy through GUI
        • Configure deployment environment using OAT
          • Add a server
        • Deploy OCP
          • OCP deployment instructions
          • Upload installation packages
          • Create MetaDB
          • Deploy OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using OCP
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using OCP
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
      • Deploy through CLI
        • Configure deployment environment
          • Initialize OBServer nodes by using oatcli
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using CLI
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using the CLI
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
      • Deploy the OceanBase Database Java SDK
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Deployment overview of OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Deploy locally
        • Hardware and software requirements
        • Before deployment
          • (Optional) Create a user
          • (Optional) Set password-free SSH login
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
          • (Optional) Perform disk planning
          • (Optional) Configure limits.conf
          • (Optional) Configure sysctl.conf
          • (Optional) Disable the firewall and SELinux
        • Deploy through GUI
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of obd
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of OCP
        • Deploy OceanBase Database in a production environment by using the CLI
        • Deploy OceanBase Database by using systemd
        • Deploy OceanBase Database in a container environment
      • Deploy an OceanBase cluster in a Kubernetes environment
      • Deploy OceanBase Desktop
    • Clean up an OceanBase cluster
    • Recommended configurations
  • Migrate
    • Data migration Overview
    • Migrate from MySQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL database to a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use mydumper and myloader to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Flink CDC to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to MySQL databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use OMS to migrate incremental data from an Oracle-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
    • Migrate from Oracle databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to Oracle databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
    • Migrate from DB2 databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to an Oracle-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate table schemas from a DB2 LUW database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to DB2 databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
    • Migrate from TiDB databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a TiDB database to a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from PostgreSQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a PostgreSQL database to a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Import data by using the LOAD DATA statement
    • Import data from SQL files to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data between OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type
      • Use OMS to create an active-active disaster recovery project for OceanBase Database tenants of the same type
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between MySQL-compatible tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from a MySQL-compatible tenant to an Oracle-compatible tenant in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between Oracle-compatible tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from an Oracle-compatible tenant to a MySQL-compatible tenant in OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data using SQL statements
      • Migrate data between tables
      • Migrate resource units
      • Export data using the OUTFILE statement
    • Overview of direct load
  • Manage
    • Log in to an OceanBase tenant
    • Manage clusters
      • Cluster introduction
      • Cluster parameters
      • Common cluster operations
        • View a zone
        • View a node
        • Restart a node
        • Add a node
        • Delete a node
        • Isolate a node
        • Replace a node
        • Start a zone
        • Add a zone
        • Delete a zone
        • Modify a zone
        • Isolate a zone
        • View cluster parameters
        • Modify cluster parameters
        • Reset cluster parameters
        • Upgrade a cluster
          • OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
            • Upgrade overview
            • Upgrade an arbitration service
            • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
            • Check upgrade results
          • OceanBase Database Community Edition
            • Upgrade OceanBase Database by using obd
      • Troubleshoot common problems
        • Failures of a minority of nodes
        • Failures of the majority of nodes
    • Manage tenants
      • Tenant introduction
      • Tenant capacity
      • Tenant types
      • User tenant introduction
      • Tenant system variables
      • Common tenant operations
        • Create a tenant
        • Resource isolation
          • Resource isolation overview
          • Manage resource isolation (Oracle-compatible mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for frontend and backend tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update a plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
          • Manage resource isolation (MySQL-compatible mode)
            • Configure cgroups
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Update resource management plan directive
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Clear cgroup configurations
          • Example configuration for resource isolation of background tasks
        • View tenant and resource information
        • View and set the tenant allowlist
        • View system variables of a tenant
        • Modify system variables of a tenant
        • Scale in/out
          • Introduction to scaling in and out
          • Resource planning for tenant scale-in and scale-out
          • Tenant pre-scaling
          • Modify the unit config for a tenant
          • Adjust the unit number for tenant scaling in and out
          • Modify the number of primary zones for a tenant
          • Example of smooth scaling in and out
        • Modify attributes of a resource pool
        • Modify attributes of a tenant
        • Lock and unlock a tenant
        • Clone a tenant
        • Cancel tenant cloning
        • Drop a tenant
        • Restore a tenant
        • Rename a tenant
        • Manage resource pools
          • View resource pools
          • Allocate a resource pool to a tenant
          • Remove a resource pool from a tenant
          • Merge and split resource pools
          • Drop a resource pool
        • Manage unit configs
          • Query resource specifications (unit configs)
          • Modify resource specification (unit config)
          • Delete resource specification (unit config)
        • Manage services
          • Create a service
          • Query the service status
          • Start a service
          • Stop a service
          • Delete a service
    • Manage log streams
      • Create a log stream
      • Modify a log stream
    • Manage replicas
      • Replica introduction
      • Use columnstore replicas
      • Replica distribution
        • Locality overview
        • Common locality operations
          • View locality
          • Modify locality
          • Add replicas
          • Reduce replicas
          • Change the replica type
          • Adjust replica distribution
          • View the locality change history
          • Migrate replicas
          • Modify the number of Paxos replicas of a log stream
          • Cancel a replica task
      • Traffic distribution
      • Data distribution
    • Data load balancing
      • Overview of data load balancing
      • Transfer partitions
      • Cancel a "Transfer Partition" task
      • Cancel a load balancing job
      • Pause and resume a load balancing job
      • Table group weight management
        • Aggregation of user tables in a database
        • Set table group weights
        • Clear table group weights
        • Application scenarios of table group weight balancing
      • Partition weight management
        • Set partition weights
        • Clear partition weights
      • Partition balancing
        • Configure a scheduled partition balance task
        • Manually trigger partition balancing
        • View the configuration of the scheduled partition balancing task
        • View the trigger history of the scheduled partition balancing task
        • View the partition balancing tasks in the background
        • View the history of partition balancing tasks in the background
      • Isolating GTS for high availability: a practical example
    • High availability
      • High availability overview
      • Multi-replica disaster recovery
        • Data link introduction
        • Proxy layer high availability
        • Database-level high availability
        • Disaster recovery architecture and levels
      • Physical standby database disaster recovery
        • Physical standby database overview
        • Limitations
        • Create a standby tenant
          • Preparations before creating standby tenants
          • Create an empty standby tenant
          • Create a standby tenant by using the backup and restore (with complete logs) feature
          • Create a standby tenant by using the BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG feature
        • Log transmission service
          • Log transmission service overview
          • Configure log transmission service
            • Set a log restore source
            • Specify a log restore endpoint
          • View log restore source information
          • View the log synchronization progress
          • Pause or resume log synchronization
          • Optimize the log synchronization performance
          • Set the log synchronization bandwidth limit
          • Set log synchronization compression
        • Log storage service
        • Switch roles
          • Overview of tenant roles
          • Switchover
          • Failover
        • Delete a primary or standby tenant
      • Arbitration high availability
        • Arbitration service overview
        • Enable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Disable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Modify the log stream downgrade control time
        • Query log stream upgrade and downgrade information
        • Replace the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Remove the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Clear residual cluster information
      • Manage recycle bin
        • Recycle bin overview
        • Enable or disable the recycle bin
        • View objects in the recycle bin
        • Restore objects from the recycle bin
        • Purge the recycle bin
      • Flashback queries
    • Security and permissions
      • Overview of security and privileges
      • Identification and authentication
        • MySQL-compatible mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure processing
        • Oracle-compatible mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure processing
      • Access control
        • Access control overview
        • Users and permissions
          • Overview of users and privileges
          • MySQL-compatible mode
            • Privilege types in MySQL-compatible mode
            • Create a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Role management
              • Overview
              • Create a role
              • Grant privileges to a role
              • Grant a role to a user or another role
              • Activate a role
              • View roles
              • Revoke privileges from a role
              • Revoke a role from a user or another role
              • Drop a role
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
          • Oracle-compatible mode
            • Privilege types in Oracle-compatible mode
            • Create a user
            • View the information of a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Privilege delegation
            • Manage roles
              • Overview of role management
              • Create a role
              • Grant a role to another role
              • Grant a role to a user
              • Activate or deactivate roles for a user
              • View roles
              • Modify a role
              • Revoke a role
              • Drop a role
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • Use a proxy user
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Drop a user
        • Network security access control
        • RPC connection authentication
        • Row-level access control
      • Data encryption
        • Data encryption overview
        • Data transfer encryption
          • Data transmission encryption overview
          • OBServer transmission encryption
          • ODP transmission encryption
        • Tenant master key management
          • Overview of tenant master keys
          • Generate a tenant master key (MySQL-compatible mode)
          • Generate a tenant master key (Oracle-compatible mode)
        • Transparent data encryption
          • Database transparent encryption overview
          • Transparent data encryption (MySQL-compatible mode)
            • Enable TDE for new tables
            • Enable TDE for existing tables
            • Decrypt a table
          • Transparent data encryption (Oracle-compatible mode)
            • Enable TDE for new tables
            • Enable TDE for existing tables
            • Decrypt a table
        • Column encryption
          • Overview of column encryption
          • Column encryption (MySQL-compatible mode)
            • Create a column encryption rule
            • Column encryption privilege management
          • Column encryption (Oracle-compatible mode)
            • Create a column encryption rule
            • Column encryption privilege management
          • Frequently asked questions about column encryption
      • Security audit
        • Security audit overview
        • MySQL-compatible mode
          • Enable security auditing
          • Set auditing rules
          • View auditing records
          • Disable security auditing
        • Oracle-compatible mode
          • Enable security auditing
          • Set and view auditing rules
          • View auditing records
          • Audit user logins
          • Audit user operations
          • Audit specified database objects
    • Backup and restore
      • Overview of physical backup and restore
      • Experience physical backup and restore with simplified deployment
      • Deploy NFS
      • Log archive
        • Overview of log archiving
        • Prepare for log archiving
        • Enable ARCHIVELOG
        • Suspend archiving
        • Disable ARCHIVELOG
        • View information about pieces
        • View the archiving progress
        • View the archiving history
        • View archiving parameter settings
        • Change the archive destination
        • Clear the archive path configuration
        • Views related to log archiving
      • Data backup
        • Overview
        • Prepare for backup
        • Initiate a full data backup job
        • Initiate an incremental data backup job
        • Back up parameters
        • Stop a backup job
        • View the data backup progress
        • View the data backup history
        • View parameters related to data backup
        • Modify the source-side backup path configuration
        • Change the backup destination
        • Views related to data backup
      • Update `access_id` and `access_key` information for the backup or archive path
      • Clear backup data
        • Automatically clear backup data
          • Automatically clean up expired backups
          • Delete a cleanup policy
        • Manually clear backup data
          • Manually trigger the cleanup of expired backups
          • Manually clean up specified backup or archive data
          • Manually clear the backup path or archive path
        • Cancel a cleanup task
        • Query the backup cleanup progress
        • View the results of backup cleanup
        • Backup cleanup parameter
        • Views related to backup cleanup
      • Restore data
        • Preparations
        • Perform physical restore
        • Perform restore from the specified paths
        • Cancel physical restore
        • View the physical restore progress
        • View physical restore results
        • Replay logs to a standby tenant
        • Convert a standby tenant into primary tenant
        • Upgrade a tenant after restore
        • Parameters related to physical restore
        • Views related to physical restore
      • Restore by table
        • Overview of table-level restore
        • Preparations before table-level restore
        • Perform table-level restore
        • Schema restore after table-level restore
        • Cancel table-level restore
        • Check the progress of table-level restore
        • Check the results of table-level restore
        • Parameters related to table-level restore
        • Views related to table-level restore
      • Backup and restore performance tuning
      • Example of configuring the source backup and archive paths
      • Appendix: S3 path format
    • Monitor
      • Monitoring overview
      • Metrics
        • System monitoring
          • System monitoring metrics overview
          • SYSSTAT metrics
          • Wait events
          • Latch events
        • SQL monitoring
          • SQL monitoring overview
          • SQL audit
          • Execution plans
      • Cases
    • Logs
      • Overview
      • Log levels
      • Log interpretation
      • Log stability
      • Log control
      • Log compression and decompression
      • Log metrics
      • Alert logs
      • View logs
        • Search for the logs of a specific SQL request
        • Query the log of a previous SQL request by using the SQL Trace feature
    • Routine inspection
      • Routine inspection overview
      • Check cluster parameters
      • Check host information
      • Check tenant resource usage
      • Check cluster resource usage
      • Check OBServer status
      • Check the NTP offset
      • Deadlock detection
      • End-to-end tracing
        • End-to-end tracing overview
        • End-to-end tracing process
        • End-to-end tracing methods
        • Show end-to-end tracing information
        • Quick start: End-to-end diagnosis with obdiag
    • Performance tuning
      • Performance tuning overview
      • Identify bottlenecks on the data link
      • Identify bottlenecks within components
        • ODP performance bottlenecks
        • ODP performance analysis
        • OBServer performance bottlenecks
          • OBServer performance issues overview
          • Non-optimal plan
            • Non-optimal plan
            • Buffer tables
            • Plan optimality for account size skew
          • Hard parsing issues
          • Capacity issues
          • Internal wait events
      • SQL tuning
        • SQL tuning system
        • Execution plan optimization
          • Statistical information and row estimation
            • Overview of statistics and row estimation mechanism
            • Statistical information
              • Overview
              • Collect statistical information
                • Overview
                • Manually collect statistics
                • Automatic statistics collection
              • Query statistics
              • Manage statistical information
                • Overview
                • Delete and set statistics
                • Import and export statistics
                • Lock statistics
                • Query historical versions of statistics and roll back to a specified version
                • Configure statistics collection strategies
            • Row estimation
              • Overview
              • Row estimation based on selectivity
              • Row estimation based on the storage layer
            • Use statistical information and row estimation
          • Plan management
            • Plan cache overview
            • Disadvantages of the plan cache and countermeasures
            • Views related to the plan cache
          • Index selection
            • Index selection overview
            • Reduce row reads
            • Avoid table access by index primary key
            • Avoid sorting
          • Join
            • Joins
            • Join algorithm
              • Nested loop joins
              • Hash Join
              • Merge join
              • Common business issues
            • Join types
            • Join order
          • Order and limit optimization
            • Overview of order by and limit optimization
            • SORT assignment and optimization
            • Optimization in ORDER BY + LIMIT scenarios
        • Business logic optimization
          • SQL specifications
          • Schema specifications
        • Locate and analyze slow queries I
        • Locate and analyze slow queries II
        • Typical SQL tuning scenarios and cases
    • Troubleshooting
      • Error handling fundamentals
      • Bootstrap
      • Storage
        • Dump and major compaction
        • Memory-related issues
        • Migration, replication, and rebuild
      • Election
        • Election
        • Leader switchover exceptions
        • No leader
      • Transaction
        • Transaction issues
        • Transaction rollbacks
        • Long transaction
        • Hung transaction
        • Idle transaction
      • Log synchronization-related errors
      • Physical standby database
        • Log synchronization stuck for the physical standby database
        • Switchover and failover issues
        • Other issues
      • Backup and restore
        • Data backup failures
        • Physical restore failures
      • Arbitration server process startup failures
      • FAQ about manual operations on log streams
      • Materialized view exception diagnosis
      • Troubleshoot SQL execution errors
      • Application exceptions -- error messages without OceanBase error codes
      • Application exceptions -- error messages with OceanBase error codes
      • Troubleshoot application disconnection issues
      • External table common issue troubleshooting guide
      • Troubleshooting with ASH
        • General approach to troubleshooting using ASH
        • Troubleshoot CPU resource imbalance
        • Troubleshoot I/O bottlenecks
      • Frequently used SQL for troubleshooting
        • Query tenant_id and table_id
        • Information about the table
        • Query the primary table of an index
        • Query table fragmentation
        • View indexes with abnormal status
        • Query deadlocks
        • Query the partition name
        • Query the number of temporary tables
        • Query row locks
    • Emergency response
      • Emergency response overview
      • Analysis, diagnosis, and decision-making procedure
      • Common emergency problem handling
        • Hardware issues
          • Node failure
          • Network jitter
          • ODP failure
          • Other hardware and network issues
        • Capacity issues
          • SQL query exceptions
          • Node disk I/O high
          • Node network card overload
          • Tenant memory full
          • obproxy thread exhaustion
          • Node clog disk full
          • Node data disk full
          • Tenant request queue backlog
        • Other cluster issues
          • sys tenant or RootService exceptions
          • Insufficiency or leakage of system memory
  • OceanBase AP
    • Release note for AP core features
    • Overview of OceanBase AP
    • Core features
    • Quick start with OceanBase Database AP
    • Deployment
      • Overview of OceanBase Database AP deployment
      • Parameter configuration recommendations for AP scenarios
    • Data table design
      • Overview of tables
      • Data distribution
        • Dynamic partitioning
      • Data design best practices
        • Data table design and query optimization in AP scenarios
        • JSON Multi-Valued and Full-Text Indexing
        • Table partitioning design in OLAP scenarios
    • Data migration
      • Data migration overview
      • Migrate data from a heterogeneous data source to OceanBase Database
      • Homogeneous data migration
      • Migrate data from the big data ecosystem
      • Migrate data from a mainstream AP database to OceanBase Database
    • Data collection
      • Overview
      • Data subscription
      • Import data
        • Overview
        • Direct load
          • Overview of direct load
          • Full direct load
          • Incremental direct load
          • Import data in direct load mode by using obloader
          • Efficient data loading with full direct load and partition exchange
        • Import data to an external table
        • Data import strategies and best practices
    • Data processing
      • Data processing in OceanBase
      • Data processing tools
      • 800.ap-materialized-views
        • Query acceleration using materialized views
        • Practice scenarios of materialized views
    • Data lake
      • Data catalog
        • Overview of data catalogs
        • Internal catalog
        • ODPS catalog
        • HMS Catalog
      • External table
        • External table overview
        • External tables
        • MaxCompute external tables
      • URL external tables of OceanBase Database
    • Query acceleration
      • Overview
      • Statistics
      • Select a query parallelism level
    • Export data
    • Data visualization
    • Performance diagnosis and tuning
      • Use the DBMS_XPLAN package for performance diagnostics
      • Use the GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR view for performance analysis
      • Views related to AP performance analysis
    • Ecosystem integration
    • Tutorials
      • AP tutorial
      • Accelerate offline queries in OceanBase by using the HMS catalog
      • Query and read/write MaxCompute (ODPS) data in OceanBase Database
    • AP FAQ
  • OceanBase AI
    • Overview
      • Overview of vector search
      • Core features of vector search
      • AI application workflow using OceanBase vector search
    • Quick start
      • Quick start: vector search with SQL
      • Quick start: vector search with Python
    • Vector embedding technology
    • Store vector data
    • Vector index
      • Overview
      • Vector index memory management
      • Dense vector index
        • Overview
        • Index type selection
        • HNSW series index
        • IVF series index
      • Monitor and maintain indexes
      • Optimize the performance of vector search
    • SQL functions
    • Vector similarity search
    • Hybrid search
      • Full-text and vector hybrid search
    • AI function service
      • AI function service quick start
      • AI function service permissions
      • AI model registration
      • AI function syntax and examples
    • Migrate to OceanBase Database from a vector database
    • Tutorials
      • Vector search tutorial overview
      • Build an intelligent Q&A chatbot with OceanBase
      • Build an image search application with OceanBase Database
      • Build a cultural tourism assistant with OceanBase multi-model integration
    • AI integrations
      • Overview of AI integration
      • OpenAI
      • Qwen
      • LangChain
      • LlamaIndex
      • Dify
      • n8n
      • Trae
      • Spring AI
      • Cline
      • Cursor
      • Continue
    • VectorDBBench benchmark testing
    • References
      • Overview of vector data types
      • Compatibility
      • Supported clients and languages
        • Supported clients and languages for vector search
        • pyobvector Python SDK interface
        • Java SDK interface
    • Vector search FAQ
  • Integrations
    • Integration overview
    • ORM frameworks
      • Java
        • Spring Boot
        • SpringBatch
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using Spring JDBC
        • SpringDataJPA
        • Hibernate
        • MyBatis
      • Python
        • SQLAlchemy
        • peewee
        • Tortoise ORM
      • Go
        • GORM
        • beego ORM
      • Rust
        • SeaORM
        • Diesel
      • Ruby
        • Active Record
        • Sequel
        • Ruby on Rails
      • Node.js
        • Sequelize
        • TypeORM
        • Prisma
        • Drizzle
      • C#
        • Dapper
        • SqlSugar
        • FreeSQL
      • PHP
        • Yii 2.0 ORM
        • Laravel Eloquent ORM
    • Database version management
      • Liquibase
      • Flyway
    • Data integration
      • Apache Flink
        • Apache Flink
        • Flink DirectLoad
        • Flink Connector OceanBase
      • dbt
      • SeaTunnel
      • Dataphin
      • Maxwell
      • Debezium
      • Spark Catalog
      • NiFi
      • Qlik Replicate
      • RisingWave MySQL-CDC
    • SQL development
      • WebLogic
      • DBeaver
      • Navicat
      • DataGrip
      • TablePlus
      • DMS
    • Orchestration and scheduling
      • DolphinScheduler
      • Linkis
    • Visualization tools
      • Superset
      • Power BI
      • Quick BI
      • Tableau
      • GuanData
      • vividime
      • Excel
    • Database management
      • NineData
      • Bytebase
      • DataHub
      • Zabbix
    • AI
      • OpenAI
      • Qwen
      • LangChain
      • LlamaIndex
      • Dify
      • n8n
      • Trae
      • SpringAI
      • Cline
      • Cursor
      • Continue
      • MCP Toolbox
      • CamelAI
      • Firecrawl
      • Hugging Face
      • Ollama
      • Google Gemini
      • Cloudflare Workers AI
      • Jina AI
      • Augment Code
      • Claude Code
      • Kiro
  • Tutorials
    • Build an image search application with OceanBase Database
    • Build an intelligent Q&A assistant with OceanBase Database
    • Build a cultural tourism assistant with OceanBase multi-model integration
    • Build an offline data warehouse and visual dashboard with OceanBase
    • Analyze data in OceanBase Database using Superset
    • Build a WordPress website with OceanBase Database
    • Efficiently retrieve large volumes of news data using full-text indexing
    • Use Spark to process and analyze large volumes of data in OceanBase Database quickly
    • Use direct load to accelerate the import of massive data
    • OceanBase MCP Server
  • Reference
    • OceanBase concepts
      • OceanBase Database architecture
      • Development of OceanBase Database
      • Multi-tenant architecture
        • Multi-tenant architecture overview
        • Compatibility modes
        • Tenant introduction
        • Tenants and resource management
          • Tenant resource management
          • Multi-tenant resource isolation
          • Resource unit balancing
      • Database objects
        • Oracle-compatible mode
          • Introduction
            • Database objects overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Table overview
            • Data type
              • Data type overview
              • Character data types
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • ROWID data types
              • LOB data types
              • Format model
                • Format model overview
                • Number format models
                • Datetime format models
              • Multi-model data types
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Replicated table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Temporary table
            • Table group overview
          • Indexes
            • Overview of indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Partition overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
            • External table partitions
          • Views
            • Views in a database
            • Standard views
              • Standard views
              • View overview
              • OceanBase-specific views
              • Oracle-compatible views
              • View operations and data access
            • Materialized views
          • Other objects
            • Sequences
            • Synonyms
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Data integrity overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Integrity constraint types overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
              • CHECK constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
        • MySQL-compatible mode
          • Introduction
            • Database objects overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Tables
            • Table overview
            • Data type
              • Overview
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • Character data types
              • LOB data types
              • Multi-model data types
              • Spatial data types
              • JSON data types
            • Integrity constraints
            • Table storage
            • Table compression
            • Partitioned table
            • Replicated table
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Table groups
          • Indexes
            • Overview of indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Spatial indexes
            • Full-text index
            • Use indexes
            • Index storage
          • Partitions
            • Partition overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
            • External table partitions
          • Views
            • Views in a database
            • Standard views
              • Overview
              • Overview
              • OceanBase-specific views
              • MySQL-compatible views
              • Oracle-compatible views in MySQL-compatible tenants
              • Oracle-compatible views in the sys tenant
              • View operations and data access
            • Materialized views
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • Foreign key constraints
            • Use of integrity constraints
      • Distributed database objects
        • Distributed database objects overview
        • Cluster architecture
        • Data partitions and replicas
          • Log stream and replica overview
          • Log streams
          • Partition replica type
            • Log stream replica overview
            • Full-featured replica
            • Read-only replicas
            • Columnstore replica
          • Multi-replica consensus protocols
          • Data balancing
            • Intra-tenant balancing
            • Views and parameters related to data balancing
        • Dynamic scaling
          • Tenant resource scaling
            • Overview of resource scaling within a tenant
            • Horizontal scaling of tenant resources
            • Vertical scaling of tenant resources
            • Cross-zone management of tenant resources
      • Data link
        • Data link overview
        • Database proxy
          • Proxy overview
          • SQL routing
          • Connection management
          • ODP configuration management
          • Logs and monitoring
        • Database connector
          • Database driver overview
          • OBCI
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • OceanBase Connector/C
        • Cross-data source access through DBLink
          • DBLink in MySQL-compatible mode
          • DBLink in Oracle-compatible mode
      • User interface and query language
        • SQL
          • Introduction
            • SQL overview
            • SQL data access
            • SQL standards
          • SQL statements
            • SQL statement overview
            • DDL
            • Monitor DDL execution progress
            • DML
            • DCL
          • SQL request execution process
          • SQL execution plan
          • Distributed execution plan
            • Distributed execution and parallel query
            • Generate distributed plans
            • Enable and disable parallel query
            • Manage distributed execution plans
            • Perform parameter tuning for PX
        • PL
          • PL concepts
            • Oracle-compatible mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • Triggers
              • Packages
            • MySQL-compatible mode
              • Subprograms
              • Stored procedures
              • Functions
              • Triggers
          • PL execution mechanism
        • Client programming languages
      • Transaction management
        • Transaction
          • Overview
          • Transaction structure
          • Statement-level atomicity
          • Global Timestamp Service (GTS)
          • Transaction control
            • Transaction control overview
            • Active transactions
            • Savepoint
            • Transaction control statements
              • MySQL transaction control
              • Oracle transaction control
          • Redo logs
          • Local transactions
          • Distributed transaction
            • Distributed transaction overview
            • Two-phase commit
          • XA transactions
        • Transaction concurrency and consistency
          • Data concurrency and consistency overview
          • Multi-version read consistency
          • Concurrency control
            • Concurrency control overview
            • Lock mechanism
            • Lock Wait Mgr
          • Transaction isolation level
            • Transaction isolation level overview
            • Transaction isolation levels in Oracle-compatible mode
            • Transaction isolation levels in MySQL-compatible mode
          • Weak-consistency read
      • Storage architecture
        • Storage architecture overview
        • Data storage
          • Data storage overview
          • MemTable
          • SSTable
          • Columnar storage
          • Compression and encoding
        • Compaction
          • Overview of dumping and merging
          • Dump (Mini and minor compactions)
          • Merge (Major compaction)
        • Multi-level caching in shared-nothing architecture
        • Multi-level caching in shared storage
        • Query processing
        • Data integrity
          • Detect silent data corruption
      • Data reliability and high availability
        • High availability architecture
          • High availability architecture overview
          • ODP high availability
          • Leader election in distributed systems
          • Multi-replica log synchronization
          • Paxos protocol
          • Automatic handling of node failures
        • Disaster recovery deployment plan
        • Data protection
          • Data protection overview
          • Flashback queries
          • Recycle bin
        • Backup and restore
          • Backup and restore overview
          • Backup directory structure
          • Backup architecture
          • Restore process
        • Arbitration-based high availability solution
        • Physical Standby Database solution
      • Database security
        • Security mechanism overview
        • Identity authentication
        • Access control
        • Data transmission encryption
        • Data storage encryption
        • Monitoring and alerting
        • Security audit
      • OBServer node architecture
        • Structure of the OBServer node installation directory
        • Configuration file
        • observer thread model
          • Thread introduction
          • Worker threads
          • Background threads
        • Logs
        • Memory management
          • Memory management overview
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Memory-related views
          • Memory-related logs
          • Memory problem diagnosis
        • Plugin mechanism
    • System management
      • Configuration management
        • Configuration management introduction
        • Set parameters
        • Set variables
      • Storage management
        • Minor compaction management
          • Dump management overview
          • Automatically trigger a minor compaction
          • Manually initiate a minor compaction
          • View minor compaction information
          • Modify minor compaction parameters
        • Major compaction management
          • Overview
          • Automatically trigger a major compaction
          • Configure scheduled major compactions
          • Adaptive major compactions
          • Manually initiate a major compaction
          • Manually control a major compaction
          • View major compaction information
          • Modify major compaction settings
        • Data compression
          • Overview
          • Data encoding and compression
      • Memory management
        • Memory management overview
        • Memory structure
        • Maximum database memory
        • Manage internal system memory
        • Memory management in a tenant
        • Manage the memory of the plan cache
        • Memleak-based regular memory leak diagnostics mechanism
        • Query memory usage information
        • Common memory problems
      • Process management
        • Overview of OceanBase threads
        • Multi-tenant threads of OceanBase Database
        • View the thread status
        • Background threads of OceanBase Database
        • FAQ about multi-tenant threads
      • Disk management
        • Configure dynamic expansion of disk data files
        • View the disk space used by a tenant or table
    • Database object management
      • Overview
      • MySQL-compatible mode
        • Create and manage databases
          • Create a database
          • View databases
          • Modify a database
          • Drop a database
        • Create and manage tables
          • About tables
          • Create a table
          • Column skip index attribute
          • Define an auto-increment column
          • Define column constraints
          • Query tables
          • Change a table
          • Change the attribute of a table
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • About external tables
            • Create an external table
            • Create external table partitions
            • Manage external files
            • Data type mapping
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Partition overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Partition splitting
            • Partition splitting overview
            • Manual partition splitting
            • Automatic partition splitting
            • Recommended configurations for automatic partitioning
          • Dynamic partitioning
            • Overview of dynamic partitioning
            • Create a dynamic partitioned table
            • Query a dynamic partitioned table
            • Modify a dynamic partitioned table
            • Dynamic partition management tasks
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Add a partition
          • Drop a partition
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Index overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
          • Partition exchange
        • Create and manage table groups
          • About table groups
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • About indexes
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
          • Manage standard views
          • Manage materialized views
            • Overview of materialized views
            • Materialized view logs
            • Automatic management of materialized view logs
            • Create a materialized view
            • Refresh a materialized view
            • Rewrite queries based on materialized views
            • Query materialized views
            • Modify the attributes of a materialized view
            • Drop a materialized view
            • Resource isolation for materialized views
        • Create and manage sequences
          • Create a sequence
          • Query sequences
          • Reference a sequence
          • Modify a sequence
          • Drop a sequence
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Trigger overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • Drop a trigger
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
        • Create and manage catalogs
          • Catalog overview
          • Create a catalog
          • View a catalog
          • Drop a catalog
        • Custom hotspot cache policy
          • Overview of custom hot data caching strategies
          • Create a table-level hot cache policy
          • Create a partition-level hot cache strategy
          • Modify the table-level hot cache policy
          • Modify the partition-level hot cache policy
          • Guide to managing custom hot cache strategies
      • Oracle-compatible mode
        • Create and manage tables
          • About tables
          • Create a table
          • Column skip index attribute
          • Define column constraints
          • Query the definition of a table
          • Modify a table
          • Change the replicated table attribute
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • About external tables
            • Create an external table
            • Create external table partitions
            • Manage external files
            • Data type mapping
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Partition overview
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Partition splitting
            • Partition splitting overview
            • Manual partition splitting
            • Automatic partition splitting
            • Recommended configurations for automatic partitioning
          • Dynamic partitioning
            • Overview of dynamic partitioning
            • Create a dynamic partitioned table
            • Query a dynamic partitioned table
            • Modify a dynamic partitioned table
            • Dynamic partition management tasks
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Rename a partition
          • Add a partition
          • Drop a partition
          • Truncate a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Index overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
          • Partition exchange
        • Create and manage table groups
          • About table groups
          • Create a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Drop a table group
        • Create and manage indexes
          • About indexes
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • Monitor indexes
          • Drop an index
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
        • Manage views
          • Manage standard views
          • Manage materialized views
            • Overview of materialized views
            • Materialized view logs
            • Automatic management of materialized view logs
            • Create materialized views
            • Refresh a materialized view
            • Rewrite queries based on materialized views
            • Query materialized views
            • Modify the attributes of a materialized view
            • Drop a materialized view
            • Materialized view resource isolation
        • Manage sequences
        • Manage synonyms
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Trigger overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Create an INSTEAD OF trigger
          • Create a composite trigger
          • Modify and drop a trigger
          • Disable or enable a trigger
          • Query trigger information
        • Manage directories
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Create a DBLink
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Use a DBLink to modify the data in a remote database
          • Drop a DBLink
          • Install and configure OCI
    • Database design specifications and practices
      • Object naming conventions
        • Overview of object naming conventions
        • Tenant naming conventions
        • User naming conventions
        • Table naming conventions
        • Field naming conventions
        • Other naming conventions
      • Object structure design specifications
        • Field design
        • Table structure design
        • Partitioned table design
        • Index design
        • Other structural designs
      • Character set specifications
      • Database connection specifications
      • Comments
      • ORM conventions
      • Exception handling
    • SQL reference
      • Introduction to SQL
      • SQL syntax
        • System tenants
          • Overview
          • ALTER SYSTEM
            • ACTIVATE STANDBY
            • ADD REPLICA
            • ADD RESTORE SOURCE
            • ARCHIVELOG
            • ARBITRATION
            • BOOTSTRAP
            • BACKUP KEY
            • BACKUP
            • BACKUP CLUSTER PARAMETERS
            • BALANCE TASK
            • BALANCE JOB
            • CANCEL BACKUP
            • CANCEL CLONE
            • CANCEL DELETE BACKUP
            • CANCEL MIGRATE UNIT
            • CANCEL REPLICA TASK
            • CANCEL RESTORE
            • CANCEL RECOVER TABLE
            • CANCEL TRANSFER PARTITION
            • CLEAR RESTORE SOURCE
            • CREATE LS
            • DELETE BACKUP POLICY
            • DELETE BACKUP ALL
            • DELETE BACKUPSET/ARCHIVELOG_PIECE
            • DELETE OBSOLETE BACKUP
            • LOAD MODULE DATA
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • MIGRATE REPLICA
            • MIGRATE UNIT
            • MODIFY LS
            • MODIFY PAXOS_REPLICA_NUM
            • MODIFY REPLICA
            • NOARCHIVELOG
            • FLUSH PLAN CACHE
            • FLUSH SEQUENCE CACHE
            • FLUSH SS_LOCAL_CACHE
            • FLUSH ss_micro_cache
            • JOB
            • SET LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
            • PARAMETER
            • RECOVER STANDBY
            • RECOVER STANDBY CANCEL
            • REMOVE REPLICA
            • REFRESH
            • RESTORE
            • RESTORE PREVIEW
            • RECOVER TABLE
            • SET DATA_BACKUP_DEST
            • SERVER
            • SERVICE_NAME
            • SWITCHOVER
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE
            • THROTTLE
            • TRANSFER PARTITION
            • WASH MEMORY FRAGMENTATION
            • ZONE
          • ALTER RESOURCE POOL
          • ALTER RESOURCE TENANT
          • ALTER RESOURCE UNIT
          • ALTER TENANT
          • CREATE RESOURCE POOL
          • CREATE RESOURCE UNIT
          • CREATE TENANT
          • CREATE STANDBY TENANT
          • DROP RESOURCE POOL
          • DROP RESOURCE UNIT
          • DROP TENANT
          • SET DECRYPTION
          • SET ENCRYPTION
          • SHOW RESTORE PREVIEW
        • User tenants (MySQL-compatible mode)
          • Basic elements
            • Data types
              • Overview
              • Numeric types
                • Overview
                • Integer data types
                • Fixed-point data types
                • Floating-point data types
                • Bit value data type
              • Datetime types
                • Overview
                • DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP types
                • TIME type
                • YEAR type
              • String types
                • Overview
                • CHAR and VARCHAR
                • BINARY and VARBINARY
              • Large objects and text types
                • Overview
                • BLOB types
                • TEXT types
                • STRING types
                • LOB types
              • ENUM type
              • SET type
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create a JSON value
                • Query and modify JSON values
                • Convert a JSON data type
                • Update partial JSON data
                • Semi-structured encoding
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview
                • SRS
                • Create a spatial column
                • Create a spatial index
                • Spatial data formats
              • Roaring bitmap types
                • Overview
                • Create an efficient compressed bitmap column
              • Array data types
                • Overview of array element types
                • Create an array column
              • Map data types
                • Overview of the map data type
                • ## Create map columns
            • Expressions
              • Overview
              • Expression syntax
              • Data type conversion rules
            • Character set and collation
              • Overview
              • Character set
              • Collations
              • Database-level character set and collation
              • Table-level character set and collation
              • Column-level character sets and collations
              • Character expression character sets and collations
              • Character sets and collations for client connection
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Strings
              • Numbers
              • Datetime values
              • Bit values
              • Boolean values
              • NULLs
            • Schema object names
            • User-defined variables
            • Comments
          • Operators
            • Overview of operators
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Bitwise operators
            • Comparison operators
            • Logical operators
            • Assignment operators
            • Date and time operators
            • Concatenation operators
            • BINARY operator
            • CASE conditional operator
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Datetime functions
                • ADDDATE
                • CONVERT_TZ
                • CURDATE
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIME
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • CURTIME
                • DATE
                • DATE_ADD
                • DATE_FORMAT
                • DATE_SUB
                • DATEDIFF
                • DAYOFMONTH
                • DAYOFWEEK
                • DAYOFYEAR
                • EXTRACT
                • FROM_DAYS
                • FROM_UNIXTIME
                • GET_FORMAT
                • HOUR
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIME
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MAKEDATE
                • MAKETIME
                • MICROSECOND
                • MINUTE
                • MONTH
                • MONTHNAME
                • NOW
                • PERIOD_ADD
                • PERIOD_DIFF
                • QUARTER
                • SEC_TO_TIME
                • SECOND
                • STR_TO_DATE
                • SUBDATE
                • SUBTIME
                • SYSDATE
                • TIME
                • TIME_FORMAT
                • TIME_TO_SEC
                • TIME_TO_USEC
                • TIMEDIFF
                • TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMPADD
                • TIMESTAMPDIFF
                • TO_DAYS
                • TO_SECONDS
                • UNIX_TIMESTAMP
                • USEC_TO_TIME
                • UTC_DATE
                • UTC_TIME
                • UTC_TIMESTAMP
                • WEEK
                • WEEKDAY
                • WEEKOFYEAR
                • YEARWEEK
                • YEAR
                • ADDTIME
                • DAYNAME
                • DAY
              • String functions
                • ASCII
                • BIN
                • BIT_LENGTH
                • CHAR
                • CHAR_LENGTH
                • CHARACTER_LENGTH
                • CONCAT
                • CONCAT_WS
                • ELT
                • EXPORT_SET
                • FIELD
                • FIND_IN_SET
                • FORMAT
                • HEX
                • INSERT
                • INSTR
                • INT2IP
                • IP2INT
                • KEYVALUE
                • LCASE
                • LEFT
                • LENGTH
                • LOCATE
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • MAKE_SET
                • MD5_CONCAT_WS
                • MID
                • OCT
                • OCTET_LENGTH
                • ORD
                • POSITION
                • QUOTE
                • REGEXP
                • REGEXP_INSTR
                • REGEXP_LIKE
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPEAT
                • REPLACE
                • REVERSE
                • RIGHT
                • RLIKE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SPACE
                • SPLIT_PART
                • STRCMP
                • SUBSTR
                • SUBSTRING
                • SUBSTRING_INDEX
                • TRIM
                • UCASE
                • UNHEX
                • UPPER
                • URL_DECODE
                • URL_ENCODE
                • WEIGHT_STRING
                • TO_BASE64
                • FROM_BASE64
                • SOUNDEX
              • Conversion functions
                • CAST
                • CONVERT
                • DECODE_TRACE_ID
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_CHAR(character)
                • TO_CHAR(number)
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
              • Mathematical functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BIT_COUNT
                • CEIL
                • CEILING
                • CONV
                • COS
                • COT
                • CRC32
                • DEGREES
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • LOG10
                • LOG2
                • MOD
                • NEG
                • NORMAL
                • PI
                • POW
                • POWER
                • RADIANS
                • RAND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • ROUND
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TRUNCATE
                • UNIFORM
                • ZIPF
              • Comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • INTERVAL
                • ISNULL
                • LEAST
              • Process control functions
                • CASE
                • IF
                • IFNULL
                • NULLIF
                • ORA_DECODE
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • ARG_MAX
              • ARG_MIN
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • GROUP_CONCAT
              • GROUPING
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WINDOW_FUNNEL
            • Analysis functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • BIT_AND
              • BIT_OR
              • BIT_XOR
              • COUNT
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • MAX
              • MIN
              • NTH_VALUE
              • NTILE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • RANK
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STD
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
            • Encryption functions
              • AES_DECRYPT
              • AES_ENCRYPT
              • COMPRESS
              • DECODE
              • DES_DECRYPT
              • DES_ENCRYPT
              • ENCODE
              • ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_DECRYPT
              • MD5
              • PASSWORD
              • UNCOMPRESS
              • UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH
              • RANDOM_BYTES
              • SHA
              • SHA1
              • SHA2
              • VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH
              • SM3
              • SM4_ENCRYPT
              • SM4_DECRYPT
            • Information functions
              • BENCHMARK
              • CHARSET
              • COERCIBILITY
              • COLLATION
              • CONNECTION_ID
              • CURRENT_ROLE
              • CURRENT_USER
              • DATABASE
              • FOUND_ROWS
              • LAST_INSERT_ID
              • LAST_INSERT_ID Behavior Description
              • ICU_VERSION
              • OB_TRANSACTION_ID
              • ROW_COUNT
              • SCHEMA
              • SESSION_USER
              • SYSTEM_USER
              • USER
              • VERSION
              • OB_VERSION
            • JSON functions
              • Overview
              • Functions for creating JSON text
                • JSON_ARRAY
                • JSON_OBJECT
                • JSON_QUOTE
              • Functions for searching JSON text
                • JSON_CONTAINS
                • JSON_CONTAINS_PATH
                • JSON_EXTRACT
                • JSON_KEYS
                • JSON_OVERLAPS
                • JSON_SEARCH
                • JSON_VALUE
                • MEMBER OF
              • Functions for modifying JSON text
                • JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
                • JSON_APPEND
                • JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
                • JSON_INSERT
                • JSON_MERGE
                • JSON_MERGE_PATCH
                • JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE
                • JSON_REMOVE
                • JSON_REPLACE
                • JSON_SET
                • JSON_UNQUOTE
              • Functions for returning JSON text properties
                • JSON_DEPTH
                • JSON_LENGTH
                • JSON_TYPE
                • JSON_VALID
              • `JSON_TABLE`
              • JSON utility functions
                • JSON_PRETTY
                • JSON_STORAGE_SIZE
              • JSON aggregate functions
                • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                • JSON_OBJECTAGG
              • JSON schema validation functions
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALID
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALIDATION_REPORT
            • XML functions
              • Overview
              • Functions for querying XML data
                • EXTRACTVALUE
              • Functions for modifying XML data
                • UPDATEXML
            • Spatial functions
              • Overview
              • Functions that create geometry values
              • Spatial operation functions
              • Spatial relation functions
              • Geometry property functions
              • Geometry format conversion functions
              • Spatial analysis functions
              • Spatial constructor functions
              • Spatial accessor functions
              • Spatial format conversion functions
              • Geometry processing functions
              • _ST_GeoHash
            • Performance schema functions
              • FORMAT_BYTES
              • FORMAT_PICO_TIME
            • Lock functions
              • Overview
              • GET_LOCK
              • IS_FREE_LOCK
              • IS_USED_LOCK
              • RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS
              • RELEASE_LOCK
            • Bitmap functions
              • Overview
              • RoaringBitmap constructor
              • Bitmap cardinality functions
              • Roaring bitmap operation functions
              • Roaring bitmap judgment functions
              • Roaring bitmap output functions
              • Roaring bitmap aggregate functions
            • Array functions
              • Overview
              • Array constructor functions
              • Array judgment functions
              • Array output functions
              • Array operation functions
            • Text processing functions
              • TOKENIZE
            • Auditing functions
              • Overview
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_USER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_USER
            • Map functions
              • Overview of map functions
              • Mapping constructor
              • Mapping comparison functions and operators
              • Mapping Operation Functions
            • Other functions
              • ANY_VALUE
              • BIN_TO_UUID
              • COALESCE
              • DEFAULT
              • NAME_CONST
              • INET_ATON
              • INET_NTOA
              • INET6_ATON
              • INET6_NTOA
              • IS_IPV4
              • IS_IPV4_COMPAT
              • IS_IPV6
              • IS_UUID
              • MATCH AGAINST
              • NVL
              • UUID_TO_BIN
              • SLEEP
              • UUID
              • UUID_SHORT
              • VALUES
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Subqueries
            • Joins
            • Full-text search
          • SQL statements
            • General syntax
            • Common table expressions
            • ALTER COMPILE
            • ALTER DATABASE
            • ALTER LOCATION
            • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
            • ALTER OUTLINE
            • ALTER SENSITIVE RULE
            • ALTER SEQUENCE
            • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
            • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH SEQUENCE CACHE
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • STORAGE_CACHE_POLICY_EXECUTOR
            • ALTER TABLE
            • ALTER TABLEGROUP
            • ALTER TABLESPACE
            • ALTER USER
            • ALTER VIEW
            • ALTER INSTANCE ROTATE INNODB MASTER KEY
            • ANALYZE
            • CACHE INDEX
            • CREATE CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
            • CREATE DATABASE LINK
            • CREATE DATABASE
            • CREATE EXTERNAL CATALOG
            • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
            • CREATE INDEX
            • CREATE LOCATION
            • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • CREATE OUTLINE
            • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
            • CREATE RESTORE POINT
            • CREATE ROLE
            • CREATE SEQUENCE
            • CREATE SENSITIVE RULE
            • CREATE TABLE
            • CREATE TABLEGROUP
            • CREATE TABLESPACE
            • CREATE USER
            • CREATE VIEW
            • CHECKSUM TABLE
            • CREATE EVENT
            • DEALLOCATE PREPARE
            • DROP DATABASE LINK
            • DELETE
            • DESCRIBE
            • DROP CATALOG
            • DROP CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
            • DROP DATABASE
            • DROP INDEX
            • DROP LOCATION
            • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
            • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
            • DROP OUTLINE
            • DROP ROLE
            • DROP SENSITIVE RULE
            • DROP TABLE
            • DROP TABLEGROUP
            • DROP TABLESPACE
            • DROP SEQUENCE
            • DROP USER
            • DROP VIEW
            • DROP RESTORE POINT
            • EXECUTE
            • EXPLAIN
            • FLASHBACK
            • FLUSH TABLE
            • GRANT
            • HELP
            • INSERT
            • KILL
            • LOAD DATA
            • LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE
            • LOCK TABLES
            • OPTIMIZE
            • PREPARE
            • PURGE
            • PURGE RECYCLEBIN
            • RENAME USER
            • RENAME TABLE
            • REPLACE
            • REPAIR TABLE
            • REMOVE
            • REVOKE
            • SAVEPOINT
            • SCHEMA
            • SELECT INTO
            • SELECT
              • SELECT
              • JOIN clause
              • WINDOW clause
              • UNION clause
            • SET DEFAULT ROLE
            • SET
            • SET CATALOG
            • SET CHARSET
            • SET NAMES
            • SET PASSWORD
            • SET ROLE
            • SET TRANSACTION
            • SHOW
            • SUBMIT JOB
            • SHOW JOB STATUS
            • CANCEL JOB
            • TRANSACTION
            • TRUNCATE TABLE
            • UNLOCK TABLES
            • UPDATE
            • USE
            • VALUES
            • XA transaction
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
          • Pseudocolumns
            • Overview
            • PARTITIONID pseudo-column
            • Pseudo columns of sequences
        • User tenants (Oracle-compatible mode)
          • Pseudo columns
            • Overview
            • Hierarchical query pseudocolumns
            • Sequence pseudocolumns
            • ORA_ROWSCN pseudocolumn
            • ROWNUM pseudocolumn
            • ROWID pseudocolumn
            • PARTITIONID pseudo-column
          • Basic elements
            • Built-in data types
              • Overview
              • Character data types
                • Overview
                • CHAR data type
                • NCHAR data type
                • NVARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR data type
              • Numeric data types
                • Overview
                • NUMBER data type
                • FLOAT data type
                • Floating-point numbers
                • Precedence of numeric data types
              • Datetime and interval data types
                • Overview
                • DATE data type
                • TIMESTAMP data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data type
                • INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type
                • INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type
                • Calculation of dates, timestamps, and intervals
              • RAW data type
              • Large object data types
                • Overview
                • BLOB data type
                • CLOB data type
                • LOB types
              • Rowid data types
              • User-defined data types
              • Any types
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Create a column of the JSON data type
                • Query JSON data
                • Conversion rules for JSON data types
              • XML data types
                • Overview
                • XML data definition
                • Create a column of the XMLType data type
                • Query XMLType data
                • Conversion of the XMLType data type
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview
                • Create a spatial column
                • SDO_GEOMETRY attribute access
                • Create a spatial index
            • Data type comparison rules
              • Overview
              • Numeric value comparison rules
              • Date value comparison rules
              • Character value comparison rules
              • Data type precedence
              • Data type conversion rules
              • Security considerations for data conversion
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Text literals
              • Numeric literals
              • Datetime literals
                • Date literals
                • Timestamp literals
              • Interval literals
            • Format model
              • Overview
              • Number format models
              • Datetime format models
              • RR datetime format element
              • String-to-date conversion rules
            • NULL value
              • Overview
              • NULLs in SQL functions
              • NULLs in comparison conditions
              • NULLs in conditional expressions
            • Annotations
              • Overview
              • Remarks about SQL statements
              • Comments on schema and non-schema objects
              • Hints
                • Overview
                • Use query block name and QB_NAME hint to control query optimization
                • Hint list
                  • Global hints
                    • Optimizer Stats Hint
                    • Transform Hint under the Global Hints category
                    • Other hints in the GLOBAL hint category
                  • Optimized hints
                    • Access path hints
                    • Join order hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Join operation hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Subquery hints in the Optimized Hint category
                    • Group By Hint in the Optimized Hint category
                    • DISTINCT hint
                    • Set Hint under Optimized Hint
                    • Distributed DML hints in the Optimized Hint category
                  • Transform hints
                    • Stmt Transform Hint
                    • Cost-based transform hints
                    • Heuristics transform hints
                    • Other hints under the TRANSFORM hint type
                  • Outline-related hints
            • Database objects
              • Schema objects
              • Non-schema objects
            • Database naming conventions
              • Overview
              • Suggestions on schema object names
            • Database object reference methods
              • Overview
              • Reference schema objects
              • Reference objects in a remote database
                • Create a DBLink
                • Reference a DBLink
              • Refer to partitioned tables and indexes
              • Reference an attribute or method of an object type
            • Character sets and collations
          • Operators
            • Overview of operators
            • Operator precedence
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Concatenation operator
            • Hierarchical query operators
            • Set operators
            • COLLATE operator
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Numeric functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BITAND
                • CEIL
                • COS
                • COSH
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • GENERATOR
                • LN
                • LOG
                • MOD
                • NANVL
                • NORMAL
                • POWER
                • REMAINDER
                • ROUND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SINH
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TANH
                • TRUNC
                • UNIFORM
                • WIDTH_BUCKET
                • ZIPF
              • String functions that return a string
                • CHR
                • CONCAT
                • INITCAP
                • LOWER
                • LPAD
                • LTRIM
                • NLS_LOWER
                • NLSSORT
                • NLS_UPPER
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • REPLACE
                • RPAD
                • RTRIM
                • SUBSTR
                • TRANSLATE
                • TRANSLATE ... USING
                • TRIM
                • UPPER
              • String functions that return numbers
                • ASCII
                • INSTR
                • LENGTH
                • REGEXP_COUNT
                • REGEXP_INSTR
              • Datetime functions
                • ADD_MONTHS
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • DBTIMEZONE
                • EXTRACT(datetime)
                • FROM_TZ
                • LAST_DAY
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • MONTHS_BETWEEN
                • NEXT_DAY
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • ROUND (date)
                • SESSIONTIMEZONE
                • SYS_EXTRACT_UTC
                • SYSDATE
                • SYSTIMESTAMP
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • TRUNC (date)
                • TZ_OFFSET
              • Generic comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • LEAST
              • Conversion functions
                • ASCIISTR
                • CAST
                • CHARTOROWID
                • CONVERT
                • HEXTORAW
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • RAWTOHEX
                • ROWIDTOCHAR
                • ROWIDTONCHAR
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
                • TO_BINARY_FLOAT
                • TO_BLOB
                • TO_CHAR(character)
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_CHAR(number)
                • TO_CLOB
                • TO_DATE
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_MULTI_BYTE
                • TO_NUMBER
                • TO_NCHAR(character)
                • TO_NCHAR(datetime)
                • TO_NCHAR(number)
                • TO_SINGLE_BYTE
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • UNISTR
                • NLS_CHARSET_ID
              • Encoding and decoding functions
                • DECODE
                • DUMP
                • ORA_HASH
                • VSIZE
              • Null value related functions
                • COALESCE
                • LNNVL
                • NANVL
                • NULLIF
                • NVL
                • NVL2
              • Environment and identifier functions
                • SYS_CONTEXT
                • SYS_GUID
                • UID
                • USER
                • USERENV
                • OB_VERSION
              • Hierarchical functions
                • SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
              • JSON functions
                • Overview
                • Create JSON text functions
                  • JSON_ARRAY
                  • JSON_OBJECT
                  • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                  • JSON_OBJECTAGG
                • Query JSON text functions
                  • JSON_VALUE
                  • JSON_QUERY
                  • JSON_EXISTS
                  • JSON_TABLE
                • Validate JSON text functions
                  • JSON_EQUAL
                • Modify JSON text functions
                  • JSON_MERGEPATCH
              • XML functions
                • Overview
                • Construct XMLType data functions
                  • XMLAGG
                  • XMLATTRIBUTES
                  • XMLELEMENT
                  • XMLPARSE
                  • XMLCONCAT
                  • XMLFOREST
                • Query XMLType data functions
                  • EXTRACT
                  • EXTRACTVALUE
                  • XMLSERIALIZE
                  • XMLCAST
                  • XMLTABLE
                  • XMLSEQUENCE
                  • EXISTSNODE
                • Modify XMLType data functions
                  • UPDATEXML
                  • INSERTCHILDXML
                  • DELETEXML
              • Spatial functions
                • Overview
                • Constructor functions
                • Spatial query functions
                • Format conversion functions
            • Aggregate functions
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • AVG
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • GROUPING
              • KEEP
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROLLUP
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WINDOW_FUNNEL
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
              • GROUP_ID
              • GROUPING_ID
            • Analysis functions
              • Overview
              • AVG
              • ARG_MIN
              • ARG_MAX
              • CORR
              • COUNT
              • COVAR_POP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • DENSE_RANK
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • KEEP
              • LAG
              • LAST_VALUE
              • LEAD
              • LISTAGG
              • MAX
              • MEDIAN
              • MIN
              • NTILE
              • NTH_VALUE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • RANK
              • RATIO_TO_REPORT
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • STDDEV
              • STDDEV_POP
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • SUM
              • VAR_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • VARIANCE
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
            • Information functions
              • OB_TRANSACTION_ID
          • Expressions
            • Overview
            • Simple expressions
            • Compound expressions
            • Case expressions
            • Column expressions
            • CURSOR expressions
            • Datetime expressions
            • Function expressions
            • Interval expressions
            • Scalar subquery expressions
            • Type constructor expressions
            • Expression list
          • Conditions
            • Overview
            • Condition precedence
            • Comparison conditions
            • Floating-point conditions
            • Logical conditions
            • Pattern-matching conditions
            • NULL conditions
            • Compound conditions
            • BETWEEN condition
            • EXISTS condition
            • IN condition
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Overview
            • Simple queries
            • Hierarchical queries
            • Composite queries
            • JOIN queries
            • Subqueries
            • Lateral derived tables
            • DUAL table query
          • SQL statements
            • DDL
              • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
              • ALTER INDEX
              • ALTER KEYSTORE
              • ALTER LOCATION
              • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • ALTER OUTLINE
              • ALTER PROFILE
              • ALTER ROLE
              • ALTER SENSITIVE RULE
              • ALTER SEQUENCE
              • ALTER SESSION
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH CACHE
              • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH SEQUENCE CACHE
              • ALTER SYSTEM SET PARAMETER
              • ALTER TABLE
              • ALTER TABLEGROUP
              • ALTER TABLESPACE
              • ALTER USER
              • ALTER VIEW COMPILE
              • COMMENT
              • CREATE CONTEXT
              • CREATE CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
              • CREATE DIRECTORY
              • CREATE DATABASE LINK
              • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
              • CREATE INDEX
              • CREATE KEYSTORE
              • CREATE LOCATION
              • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • CREATE OUTLINE
              • CREATE PROFILE
              • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
              • CREATE ROLE
              • CREATE SEQUENCE
              • CREATE SENSITIVE RULE
              • CREATE SYNONYM
              • CREATE TABLE
              • CREATE TABLEGROUP
              • CREATE TABLESPACE
              • CREATE USER
              • CREATE VIEW
              • DROP CONTEXT
              • DROP CONCURRENT_LIMITING_RULE
              • DROP DATABASE LINK
              • DROP DIRECTORY
              • DROP INDEX
              • DROP LOCATION
              • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
              • DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG
              • DROP OUTLINE
              • DROP PROFILE
              • DROP ROLE
              • DROP SENSITIVE RULE
              • DROP SEQUENCE
              • DROP SYNONYM
              • DROP TABLE
              • DROP TABLEGROUP
              • DROP TABLESPACE
              • DROP USER
              • DROP VIEW
              • RENAME
              • TRUNCATE TABLE
              • MAJOR and MINOR
            • DML
              • DELETE
              • INSERT
              • MERGE
              • PURGE
              • EXPLAIN
              • SELECT
                • SIMPLE SELECT
                • Set-based SELECT
                • WITH CLAUSE
                • JOIN clause
                • APPLY clause
              • UPDATE
            • DCL
              • ANALYZE
              • ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
              • AUDIT
              • COMMIT
              • FLASHBACK TABLE BEFORE DROP
              • GRANT
              • KILL
              • LOAD DATA
              • LOCK TABLE
              • REMOVE
              • REVOKE
              • ROLLBACK
              • SAVEPOINT
              • SELECT INTO
              • SET NAMES
              • SET PASSWORD
              • SET ROLE
              • SET VARIABLE
              • SHOW
              • SHRINK
              • TRANSACTION
          • DDL feature
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column operations
            • Generated column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Table operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
      • SQL specifications and practices
        • Limitations on writing SQL statements
        • SQL writing specifications
          • SELECT statements
          • DML statements
          • DDL statements
          • Multi-table join specifications
          • Table scan
          • Transactions
          • Cache
          • How to use hints
          • Others
        • SQL statement examples
          • Implicit data type conversion
          • Join tables
          • Read with eventual consistency
          • Pagination
      • Reserved keywords (MySQL-compatible mode)
      • Reserved keywords (Oracle-compatible mode)
      • Data type conversion behavior in MySQL-compatible tenants in strict mode
    • PL reference
      • What is PL
        • Overview
        • Main features of PL
        • PL architecture
      • PL reference (MySQL-compatible mode)
        • Syntax of PL stored programs
        • PL stored procedures
          • Overview
          • Variables in stored programs
          • Stored procedures
          • Stored objects and privilege management
          • Stored functions
          • External storage function
          • Triggers
          • EVENT
          • Limitations on stored programs
          • SQL Transpiler
          • PL asynchronous commit optimization
        • PL cursors
          • Overview
          • Cursor execution process
          • Limitations on server cursors
        • PL conditional control statements
          • CASE
          • IF
          • ITERATE
          • LEAVE
          • LOOP
          • REPEAT
          • RETURN
          • WHILE
        • PL data manipulation statements
          • CALL
          • DO
        • PL data definition statements
          • ALTER FUNCTION
          • ALTER PROCEDURE
          • CREATE FUNCTION
          • CREATE PROCEDURE
          • CREATE TRIGGER
          • DROP FUNCTION
          • DROP PROCEDURE
          • DROP TRIGGER
        • PL database management statements
          • SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
          • SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
          • SHOW CREATE TRIGGER
          • SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
          • SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
          • SHOW TRIGGERS
        • PL related dictionary views
          • INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS
          • INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES
          • INFORMATION_SCHEMA TRIGGERS
        • PL exception handling
          • Overview
          • DECLARE ... CONDITION
          • DECLARE ... HANDLER
          • GET DIAGNOSTICS
          • RESIGNAL
          • SIGNAL
          • Scope of procedures
          • Diagnostic areas
          • Exception handling and OUT/INOUT parameters
          • Limitations on exception handling
        • PL system packages
          • Overview
          • DBMS_AI_SERVICE
            • Overview of DBMS_AI_SERVICE
            • CREATE_AI_MODEL
            • DROP_AI_MODEL
            • CREATE_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINT
            • ALTER_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINT
            • DROP_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINT
          • DBMS_HYBRID_SEARCH
            • Overview of DBMS_HYBRID_SEARCH
            • SEARCH
            • GET_SQL
          • DBMS_MVIEW
            • Overview
            • PURGE_LOG
            • REFRESH
          • DBMS_MVIEW_STATS
            • Overview
            • PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
            • SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
            • SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
          • DBMS_PARTITION
            • DBMS_PARTITION overview
            • MANAGE_DYNAMIC_PARTITION
          • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
            • Overview
            • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • CREATE_PLAN
            • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • DELETE_PLAN
            • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • System Packages
            • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
          • DBMS_STATS
            • Overview
            • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
            • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
            • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
            • DROP_STAT_TABLE
            • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
            • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
            • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
            • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
            • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • GET_PARAM
            • GET_PREFS
            • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
            • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
            • PURGE_STATS
            • SET_COLUMN_STATS
            • SET_INDEX_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_STATS
            • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
            • SET_PARAM
            • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_PREFS
            • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • CANCEL_GATHER_STATS
          • DBMS_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE_MANAGER
            • Overview
            • ADD_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
            • DELETE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
            • UPDATE_TRUSTED_CERTIFICATE
          • DBMS_UDR
            • Overview
            • CREATE_RULE
            • DISABLE_RULE
            • ENABLE_RULE
            • REMOVE_RULE
          • DBMS_VECTOR
            • Overview of DBMS_VECTOR
            • Overview of DBMS_VECTOR
            • REFRESH_INDEX
            • REBUILD_INDEX
            • INDEX_VECTOR_MEMORY_ESTIMATE
            • INDEX_VECTOR_MEMORY_ADVISOR
          • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
            • Overview
            • ASH_REPORT
            • CREATE_SNAPSHOT
            • DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE
            • MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS
          • DBMS_XPLAN
            • Overview
            • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
            • DISPLAY_CURSOR
            • DISPLAY
            • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
          • DBMS_XPROFILE
            • Overview of DBMS_XPROFILE
            • DISPLAY_PROFILE
          • DBMS_BALANCE
            • Overview
            • SET_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • CLEAR_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • TRIGGER_PARTITION_BALANCE
            • SET_TABLEGROUP_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • CLEAR_TABLEGROUP_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • DBMS_LIMIT_CALCULATOR
            • Overview
            • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_UNIT
            • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_LOGIC_RES
            • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_STANDBY_TENANT
          • DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • Overview
            • AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
          • DBMS_JAVA
            • Overview of DBMS_JAVA
            • LOADJAVA
            • DROPJAVA
          • DBMS_PYTHON
            • Overview of DBMS_PYTHON
            • DROPPYTHON
            • LOADPYTHON
          • DBMS_DATA_DICT
            • DBMS_DATA_DICT
        • Reserved and non-reserved PL keywords
      • PL reference (Oracle-compatible mode)
        • PL language basics
          • Character sets
          • Lexical elements
          • Declaration
          • Reference identifiers
          • Scope and visibility of identifiers
          • Assignment
          • Expressions
          • PL blocks
          • Subprograms
          • Error reporting functions
        • PL data types
          • Overview
          • SQL data types
          • LOB data types
          • BOOLEAN type
          • User-defined subtypes
          • PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER
          • Arrays
          • PL JSON data types
        • PL process control
          • Overview
          • Conditional control
          • Loop control
          • Sequential control
        • PL collections and records
          • Overview
          • Collections
          • Associative arrays
          • Varrays
          • Nested tables
          • Collection constructors
          • Collection methods
            • Overview
            • DELETE method
            • TRIM method
            • EXTEND method
            • EXISTS method
            • FIRST and LAST methods
            • COUNT method
            • LIMIT method
            • PRIOR and NEXT methods
          • RECORD
          • Insert records into a table and update a table by using records
          • Create and call a subprogram with record type parameters
        • PL static SQL
          • Overview
          • Cursors
            • Overview
            • Cursor attributes
            • Implicit cursors
            • Explicit cursor
            • Cursor variables
            • Use the FOR loop to traverse a cursor
            • Modify and drop a cursor
          • Transaction processing and control
          • Autonomous transactions
            • Overview of autonomous transactions
            • Control autonomous transactions
            • Autonomous triggers
            • Call autonomous functions from SQL statements
          • FORALL bulk execution
        • PL dynamic SQL
          • Overview
          • Execute dynamic SQL
          • DBMS_SQL system package
        • PL stored procedures and functions
          • Overview
          • Create a stored procedure
          • Create a function
          • Manage stored procedures and functions
          • Privilege control
          • Pipeline functions
            • Overview
            • Create a pipelined function
            • Applications
          • SQL Transpiler
          • User-defined functions
            • Overview
            • Interfaces of user-defined aggregate functions
            • Create a user-defined aggregate function
            • Use user-defined aggregate functions
          • Collection of stored procedure information and its impact on parallel execution of SQL statements
          • PL Database Link
          • PL asynchronous commit optimization
        • PL triggers
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Modify and drop triggers
          • Disable or enable a trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • INSTEAD OF DML triggers
          • Composite DML triggers
          • System triggers
        • PL packages
          • Overview
          • Create a package
          • Overloaded programs in a package
          • Manage packages
          • PL environment definitions in the STANDARD package
        • PL exception handling
          • Overview
          • Compile-time warnings
          • Exception types
          • Exception handling
        • DDL operations on stored PL units
          • Overview
          • ALTER FUNCTION
          • ALTER PACKAGE
          • ALTER PROCEDURE
          • ALTER TRIGGER
          • ALTER TYPE
          • CREATE FUNCTION
          • CREATE PACKAGE
          • CREATE PACKAGE BODY
          • CREATE PROCEDURE
          • CREATE TRIGGER
          • CREATE TYPE
          • CREATE TYPE BODY
          • DROP FUNCTION
          • DROP PACKAGE
          • DROP PROCEDURE
          • DROP TRIGGER
          • DROP TYPE
          • DROP TYPE BODY
        • PL label security package
          • Overview
          • SA_SYSDBA policy management package
            • Overview
            • SA_SYSDBA.ALTER_POLICY
            • SA_SYSDBA.CREATE_POLICY
            • SA_SYSDBA.DROP_POLICY
          • SA_COMPONENTS label component package
            • Overview
            • SA_COMPONENTS.ALTER_LEVEL
            • SA_COMPONENTS.CREATE_LEVEL
            • SA_COMPONENTS.DROP_LEVEL
          • SA_LABEL_ADMIN label management package
            • Overview
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.ALTER_LABEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.CREATE_LABEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.DROP_LABEL
          • SA_POLICY_ADMIN policy management package
            • Overview
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.APPLY_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.DISABLE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.ENABLE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.REMOVE_TABLE_POLICY
          • SA_USER_ADMIN user label management package
            • Overview
            • SA_USER_ADMIN.SET_LEVELS
          • SA_SESSION session management package
            • Overview
            • SA_SESSION.LABEL
            • SA_SESSION.RESTORE_DEFAULT_LABELS
            • SA_SESSION.ROW_LABEL
            • SA_SESSION.SET_LABEL
            • SA_SESSION.SET_ROW_LABEL
        • PL system package (Oracle-compatible mode)
          • Overview
          • DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO
            • Overview
            • READ_CLIENT_INFO
            • READ_MODULE
            • SET_ACTION
            • SET_CLIENT_INFO
            • SET_MODULE
          • DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT
            • Overview
            • CLEAN_AUDIT_TRAIL
            • CREATE_PURGE_JOB
            • DROP_PURGE_JOB
            • SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP
            • SET_PURGE_JOB_STATUS
          • DBMS_BALANCE
            • Overview
            • SET_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • CLEAR_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • TRIGGER_PARTITION_BALANCE
          • DBMS_CRYPTO
            • Overview
            • ENCRYPT
            • DECRYPT
            • HASH
          • DBMS_DEBUG
            • Overview
            • ATTACH_SESSION
            • CONTINUE
            • DEBUG_ON
            • DEBUG_OFF
            • DETACH_SESSION
            • DELETE_BREAKPOINT
            • DISABLE_BREAKPOINT
            • ENABLE_BREAKPOINT
            • GET_VALUE
            • GET_VALUES
            • GET_RUNTIME_INFO
            • GET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
            • INITIALIZE
            • PROBE_VERSION
            • PRINT_BACKTRACE
            • SET_TIMEOUT
            • SET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
            • SET_BREAKPOINT
            • SHOW_BREAKPOINTS
          • DBMS_DESCRIBE
            • Overview
            • DESCRIBE_PROCEDURE
          • DBMS_JOB
            • Overview
            • BROKEN
            • CHANGE
            • ZONE
            • INTERVAL
            • NEXT_DATE
            • REMOVE
            • RUN
            • SUBMIT
            • USER_EXPORT
            • WHAT
          • DBMS_LOB
            • Overview of DBMS_LOB
            • APPEND
            • CLOSE
            • COPY
            • CREATETEMPORARY
            • ERASE
            • FREETEMPORARY
            • GETLENGTH
            • ISOPEN
            • INSTR
            • ISTEMPORARY
            • OPEN
            • READ
            • SUBSTR
            • TRIM
            • WRITE
            • WRITEAPPEND
          • DBMS_LOCK
            • DBMS_LOCK overview
            • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE
            • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE_AUTONOMOUS
            • REQUEST
            • SLEEP
            • RELEASE
          • DBMS_METADATA
            • Overview of DBMS_METADATA
            • GET_DDL
            • GET_TABLE_INDEX_DDL
          • DBMS_MVIEW
            • Overview
            • PURGE_LOG
            • REFRESH
          • DBMS_MONITOR
            • Overview
            • OB_SESSION_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_SESSION_TRACE_DISABLE
            • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_DISABLE
            • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_DISABLE
            • OB_TENANT_TRACE_ENABLE
            • OB_TENANT_TRACE_DISABLE
          • DBMS_MVIEW_STAT
            • Overview
            • PURGE_REFRESH_STATS
            • SET_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
            • SET_SYSTEM_DEFAULT
          • DBMS_OUTPUT
            • Overview
            • DISABLE
            • ENABLE
            • GET_LINE
            • GET_LINES
            • NEW_LINE
            • PUT
            • PUT_LINE
          • DBMS_PLAN_CACHE
            • Overview
            • PURGE
          • DBMS_PLSQL_CODE_COVERAGE
            • Overview of DBMS_PLSQL_CODE_COVERAGE
            • START_COVERAGE
            • STOP_COVERAGE
            • CREATE_COVERAGE_TABLES
          • DBMS_PARTITION
            • Overview of DBMS_PARTITION
            • MANAGE_DYNAMIC_PARTITION
          • DBMS_RANDOM
            • Overview
            • INITIALIZE
            • NORMAL
            • RANDOM
            • SEED
            • STRING
            • TERMINATE
            • VALUE
          • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
            • Overview
            • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • CREATE_PLAN
            • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
            • DELETE_PLAN
            • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
            • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
          • DBMS_SCHEDULER
            • Overview
            • CREATE_JOB
            • CREATE_JOB_CLASS
            • CREATE_PROGRAM
            • DEFINE_PROGRAM_ARGUMENT
            • DISABLE
            • DROP_JOB
            • DROP_JOB_CLASS
            • DROP_PROGRAM
            • ENABLE
            • GENERATE_JOB_NAME
            • PURGE_LOG
            • RUN_JOB
            • SET_ATTRIBUTE
            • SET_JOB_ARGUMENT_VALUE
            • STOP_JOB
            • DISABLE
            • ENABLE
          • DBMS_SESSION
            • Overview of DBMS_SESSION
            • CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT
            • CLEAR_CONTEXT
            • CLEAR_IDENTIFIER
            • RESET_PACKAGE
            • SET_CONTEXT
            • SET_IDENTIFIER
            • SESSION_IS_ROLE_ENABLED
            • IS_ROLE_ENABLED
          • DBMS_SQL
            • Overview
            • BIND_VARIABLE
            • CLOSE_CURSOR
            • COLUMN_VALUE
            • DEFINE_COLUMN
            • DEFINE_ARRAY
            • DESCRIBE_COLUMNS
            • EXECUTE
            • EXECUTE_AND_FETCH
            • FETCH_ROWS
            • IS_OPEN
            • LAST_ERROR_POSITION
            • OPEN_CURSOR
            • PARSE
            • VARIABLE_VALUE
          • DBMS_STATS
            • Overview
            • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
            • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
            • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
            • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
            • DROP_STAT_TABLE
            • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
            • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
            • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
            • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
            • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
            • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
            • GET_PARAM
            • GET_PREFS
            • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
            • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
            • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
            • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
            • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
            • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
            • PURGE_STATS
            • SET_COLUMN_STATS
            • SET_INDEX_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_STATS
            • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
            • SET_PARAM
            • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
            • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
            • SET_TABLE_PREFS
            • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
            • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
            • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
            • COPY_TABLE_STATS
            • CANCEL_GATHER_STATS
          • DBMS_UDR
            • Overview
            • CREATE_RULE
            • DISABLE_RULE
            • ENABLE_RULE
            • REMOVE_RULE
          • DBMS_UTILITY
            • Overview of DBMS_UTILITY
            • ACTIVE_INSTANCES
            • CURRENT_INSTANCE
            • DB_VERSION
            • FORMAT_CALL_STACK
            • FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE
            • FORMAT_ERROR_STACK
            • GET_ENDIANNESS
            • GET_HASH_VALUE
            • GET_PARAMETER_VALUE
            • GET_SQL_HASH
            • GET_TIME
            • IS_BIT_SET
            • IS_CLUSTER_DATABASE
            • NAME_RESOLVE
            • NAME_TOKENIZE
            • OLD_CURRENT_SCHEMA
            • OLD_CURRENT_USER
            • PORT_STRING
            • TABLE_TO_COMMA
            • COMMA_TO_TABLE
          • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
            • Overview
            • ASH_REPORT
          • DBMS_XA
            • Overview
            • DBMS_XA constants
            • DBMS_XA_XID object type
            • DIST_TXN_SYNC
            • XA_COMMIT
            • XA_END
            • XA_FORGET
            • XA_GETLASTOER
            • XA_PREPARE
            • XA_RECOVER
            • XA_ROLLBACK
            • XA_SETTIMEOUT
            • XA_START
          • DBMS_XMLGEN
            • Overview
            • CONVERT
          • DBMS_PROFILER
            • Overview
            • START_PROFILER
            • STOP_PROFILER
            • PAUSE_PROFILER
            • RESUME_PROFILER
            • FLUSH_DATA
            • GET_VERSION
            • INTERNAL_VERSION_CHECK
            • ROLLUP_UNIT
            • ROLLUP_RUN
            • OB_INIT_OBJECTS
            • OB_DROP_OBJECTS
          • DBMS_XPLAN
            • Overview
            • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
            • DISPLAY_CURSOR
            • DISPLAY
            • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
            • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
          • DBMS_XPROFILE
            • Overview of DBMS_XPROFILE
            • DISPLAY_PROFILE
          • DBMS_EXTERNAL_TABLE
            • Overview
            • AUTO_REFRESH_EXTERNAL_TABLE
          • DBMS_DDL
            • Overview of DBMS_DDL
            • WRAP
            • CREATE_WRAPPED
          • ODCIConst
            • Overview
            • ODCIArgDesc.ArgType
            • ODCIEnv.CallProperty
            • ODCIEnv.Envflags
            • ODCIIndexAlter
            • ODCIIndexAlter parameter alter_option
            • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexInfoFlags
            • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexParaDegree
            • ODCIPredInfo.Flags
            • ODCIQueryInfo.Flags
            • ODCIStatsOptions.Flags
            • ODCIStatsOptions.Options
            • Return Status
            • ScnFlg
          • UTL_ENCODE
            • Overview
            • BASE64_DECODE
            • BASE64_ENCODE
          • UTL_FILE
            • Overview of UTL_FILE
            • FCLOSE
            • FCOPY
            • FCLOSE_ALL
            • FFLUSH
            • FOPEN
            • FOPEN_NCHAR
            • FGETPOS
            • FGETATTR
            • FREMOVE
            • FRENAME
            • FSEEK
            • NEW_LINE
            • NEW_LINE_NCHAR
            • GET_RAW
            • GET_LINE
            • GET_LINE_NCHAR
            • PUT
            • PUT_RAW
            • PUT_LINE
            • PUT_NCHAR
            • PUT_LINE_NCHAR
            • PUTF
            • PUTF_NCHAR
            • IS_OPEN
          • UTL_I18N
            • Overview
            • RAW_TO_CHAR
            • STRING_TO_RAW
          • UTL_RECOMP
            • Overview
            • RECOMP_PARALLEL
            • RECOMP_SERIAL
            • TRUNCATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
            • POPULATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
            • PARALLEL_SLAVE
          • UTL_RAW
            • Overview
            • BIT_AND
            • BIT_COMPLEMENT
            • BIT_OR
            • BIT_XOR
            • CAST_FROM_BINARY_DOUBLE
            • CAST_FROM_BINARY_FLOAT
            • CAST_FROM_BINARY_INTEGER
            • CAST_FROM_NUMBER
            • CAST_TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
            • CAST_TO_BINARY_FLOAT
            • CAST_TO_BINARY_INTEGER
            • CAST_TO_NUMBER
            • CAST_TO_RAW
            • CAST_TO_VARCHAR2
            • COMPARE
            • CONCAT
            • COPIES
            • LENGTH
            • REVERSE
            • SUBSTR
            • TRANSLATE
          • UTL_TCP
            • Overview of UTL_TCP
            • OPEN_CONNECTION
            • CLOSE_CONNECTION
            • CLOSE_ALL_CONNECTIONS
            • WRITE_LINE
            • WRITE_TEXT
            • WRITE_RAW
            • GET_LINE
            • GET_TEXT
          • UTL_SMTP
            • Overview of UTL_SMTP
            • OPEN_CONNECTION
            • CLOSE_CONNECTION
            • QUIT
            • AUTH
            • COMMAND
            • COMMAND_REPLIES
            • HELO
            • EHLO
            • MAIL
            • RCPT
            • OPEN_DATA
            • WRITE_DATA
            • WRITE_RAW_DATA
            • CLOSE_DATA
            • DATA
            • VRFY
            • HELP
            • NOOP
            • RSET
          • UTL_HTTP
            • Overview of UTL_HTTP
            • BEGIN_REQUEST
            • END_REQUEST
            • GET_RESPONSE
            • END_RESPONSE
            • READ_LINE
            • READ_RAW
            • READ_TEXT
            • WRITE_LINE
            • WRITE_RAW
            • WRITE_TEXT
            • SET_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT
            • GET_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT
          • ANYDATA TYPE
            • Overview of the ANYDATA type
            • BEGINCREATE static procedure
            • ENDCREATE member procedure
            • GET* member functions
            • GETTYPE member function
            • GETTYPENAME member function
            • PIECEWISE member procedure
            • SET* member procedures
          • XMLType
            • Overview
            • CREATEXML
            • GETCLOBVAL
            • GETSTRINGVAL
            • TRANSFORM
            • XMLTYPE
            • EXISTSNODE
            • EXTRACT
        • Reserved PL keywords
    • System views
      • Overview
      • Overview of system views
      • View changes between V3.x and V4.x
      • SYS tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_CKPT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CBA_SCHEDULER_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • CDB_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
          • CDB_MVIEW_LOGS
          • oceanbase.CDB_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • CDB_MVIEWS
          • CDB_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • CDB_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • CDB_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AI_MODELS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • CDB_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_COLUMN_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_CCL_RULES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_OBJECT_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVER_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SS_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYNC_STANDBY_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_RESOURCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AI_MODELS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLONE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLONE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLUSTER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_RESOURCES
          • DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ROOTSERVICE_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SS_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYNC_STANDBY_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_TRUSTED_ROOT_CERTIFICATE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_STORAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • GV$OB_HNSW_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • GV$OB_IVF_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_SERVER_STORAGE
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_SS_OBJECT_TYPE_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • gv$tenant
          • gv$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$UNIT
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • V$OB_HNSW_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_IVF_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • V$OB_SERVER_STORAGE
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SS_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_SS_OBJECT_TYPE_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • v$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • V$UNIT
      • MySQL tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • information_schema.events
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS
          • information_schema.ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.audit_log_filter
          • mysql.audit_log_user
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.default_roles
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • mysql.role_edges
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVIEWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AI_MODEL_ENDPOINTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AI_MODELS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_RESOURCES
          • DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OBJECT_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SS_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYNC_STANDBY_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_VECTOR_INDEX_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_RUNNING_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • GV$OB_HNWS_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_IVF_INDEX_INFO
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_SS_OBJECT_TYPE_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$LATCH
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • V$OB_HNWS_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_IVF_INDEX_INFO
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SS_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_SS_OBJECT_TYPE_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_STORAGE_CACHE_TASKS
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TABLET_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OB_VECTOR_MEMORY
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
      • Oracle tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • ALL_ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_ARGUMENTS
          • ALL_COL_COMMENTS
          • ALL_COL_PRIVS
          • ALL_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_CONS_COLUMNS
          • ALL_CONSTRAINTS
          • ALL_DB_LINKS
          • ALL_DEF_AUDIT_OPTS
          • ALL_DEPENDENCIES
          • ALL_DIRECTORIES
          • ALL_ERRORS
          • ALL_IND_COLUMNS
          • ALL_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • ALL_IND_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_IND_STATISTICS
          • ALL_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_INDEXES
          • ALL_METHOD_PARAMS
          • ALL_MVIEW_LOGS
          • ALL_MVIEWS
          • ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • ALL_OBJECTS
          • ALL_OB_SOURCE
          • ALL_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_PART_INDEXES
          • ALL_PLSQL_TYPES
          • ALL_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • ALL_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_PART_TABLES
          • ALL_POLICIES
          • ALL_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • ALL_POLICY_GROUPS
          • ALL_PROCEDURES
          • ALL_PROFILES
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • ALL_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • ALL_SEQUENCES
          • ALL_SOURCE
          • ALL_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • ALL_SYNONYMS
          • ALL_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_COLS
          • ALL_TAB_COLUMNS
          • ALL_TAB_COMMENTS
          • ALL_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • ALL_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_TAB_PRIVS
          • ALL_TAB_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • ALL_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_TABLES
          • ALL_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • ALL_TRIGGERS
          • ALL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_TYPE_METHODS
          • ALL_TYPES
          • ALL_USERS
          • ALL_VIEWS
          • AUDIT_ACTIONS
          • DBA_ALL_TABLES
          • DBA_ARGUMENTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_EXISTS
          • DBA_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • DBA_AUDIT_SESSION
          • DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • DBA_COL_COMMENTS
          • DBA_COL_PRIVS
          • DBA_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_CONS_COLUMNS
          • DBA_CONSTRAINTS
          • DBA_CONTEXT
          • DBA_DB_LINKS
          • DBA_DEPENDENCIES
          • DBA_DIRECTORIES
          • DBA_ERRORS
          • DBA_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • DBA_INDEXES
          • DBA_JOBS
          • DBA_JOBS_RUNNING
          • DBA_METHOD_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVIEW_DEPS
          • DBA_MVIEW_LOGS
          • DBA_MVIEW_RUNNING_JOBS
          • DBA_MVIEWS
          • DBA_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • DBA_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • DBA_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • DBA_OB_CS_REPLICA_STATS
          • DBA_OB_CCL_RULES
          • DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_FORMAT_OUTLINES
          • DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • DBA_OB_LS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULE_PLAINACCESS_USERS
          • DBA_OB_SENSITIVE_RULES
          • DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OB_OBJECT_BALANCE_WEIGHT
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_OB_RSRC_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_OB_SPATIAL_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SS_SPACE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_STORAGE_IO_USAGE
          • DBA_OB_SYNC_STANDBY_DEST
          • DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • DBA_OB_SOURCE
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TENANT_FLASHBACK_LOG_SCN
          • DBA_OB_TEMP_FILES
          • DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • DBA_PLSQL_TYPES
          • DBA_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OBJ_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_OBJECTS
          • DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_PART_TABLES
          • DBA_POLICIES
          • DBA_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • DBA_POLICY_GROUPS
          • DBA_PROCEDURES
          • DBA_PROFILES
          • DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
          • DBA_ROLES
          • DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_RUNNING_JOBS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • DBA_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • DBA_SEGMENTS
          • DBA_SEQUENCES
          • DBA_SOURCE
          • DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • DBA_STMT_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • DBA_SYNONYMS
          • DBA_SYS_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_COLS
          • DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
          • DBA_TAB_COMMENTS
          • DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_TABLES
          • DBA_TABLESPACES
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_SPACE_USAGE
          • DBA_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • DBA_TRIGGERS
          • DBA_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_TYPE_METHODS
          • DBA_TYPES
          • DBA_USERS
          • DBA_VIEWS
          • DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • DBMS_LOCK_ALLOCATED
          • DICT
          • DICTIONARY
          • NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
          • PROXY_USERS
          • ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
          • ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
          • ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
          • STMT_AUDIT_OPTION_MAP
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_GLOBAL_VARIABLE
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_SESSION_VARIABLE
          • USER_ALL_TABLES
          • USER_ARGUMENTS
          • USER_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • USER_AUDIT_SESSION
          • USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • USER_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • USER_COL_COMMENTS
          • USER_COL_PRIVS
          • USER_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_CONS_COLUMNS
          • USER_CONSTRAINTS
          • USER_DB_LINKS
          • USER_DEPENDENCIES
          • USER_ERRORS
          • USER_IND_COLUMNS
          • USER_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • USER_IND_PARTITIONS
          • USER_IND_STATISTICS
          • USER_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_INDEXES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPES
          • USER_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_JOBS
          • USER_MVIEW_LOGS
          • USER_MVIEWS
          • USER_MVREF_CHANGE_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_RUN_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS_PARAMS
          • USER_MVREF_STATS_SYS_DEFAULTS
          • USER_MVREF_STMT_STATS
          • USER_OBJECTS
          • USER_OB_SOURCE
          • USER_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_PART_INDEXES
          • USER_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_PART_TABLES
          • USER_POLICIES
          • USER_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_POLICY_GROUPS
          • USER_PROCEDURES
          • USER_PROFILES
          • USER_RECYCLEBIN
          • USER_ROLE_PRIVS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • USER_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • USER_SEGMENTS
          • USER_SEQUENCES
          • USER_SOURCE
          • USER_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • USER_SYNONYMS
          • USER_SYS_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_COLS
          • USER_TAB_COLUMNS
          • USER_TAB_COMMENTS
          • USER_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • USER_TAB_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • USER_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • USER_TABLES
          • USER_TABLESPACES
          • USER_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • USER_TRIGGERS
          • USER_TYPE_ATTRS
          • USER_TYPE_METHODS
          • USER_TYPES
          • USER_USERS
          • USER_VIEWS
        • Performance views
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$DBLINK
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$INSTANCE
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • GV$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_NIC_INFO
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_RESULT_CACHE_OBJECTS
          • GV$OPEN_CURSOR
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$DBLINK
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$GLOBALCONTEXT
          • V$INSTANCE
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$NLS_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_DYNAMIC_PARTITION_TABLES
          • V$OB_FUNCTION_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$OB_GROUP_IO_STAT
          • V$OB_HMS_CLIENT_POOL_STAT
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_SNAPSHOTS
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_NIC_INFO
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_RESULT_CACHE_OBJECTS
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SHARED_STORAGE_QUOTA
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SS_LOCAL_CACHE
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OPEN_CURSOR
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$OB_SQL_CCL_STATUS
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_SS_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$TIMEZONE_NAMES
          • V$VERSION
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_THREAD
      • Overview of metrics
      • General wait events
    • Parameters and system variables
      • Overview
      • Changes to configuration parameters and system variables in V3.x and V4.x
      • Parameters
        • Overview
        • Cluster-level parameters
          • alert_log_level
          • all_cluster_list
          • all_server_list
          • arbitration_degradation_policy
          • auto_broadcast_location_cache_rate_limit
          • auto_leader_switch_interval
          • auto_refresh_location_cache_rate_limit
          • autoinc_cache_refresh_interval
          • async_ps_cursor_max_count
          • backup_backup_dest
          • backup_backup_dest_option
          • backup_concurrency
          • backup_dest
          • backup_dest_option
          • backup_log_archive_option
          • backup_net_limit
          • backup_recovery_window
          • backup_region
          • backup_zone
          • balance_blacklist_failure_threshold
          • balance_blacklist_retry_interval
          • balancer_emergency_percentage
          • balancer_log_interval
          • balancer_task_timeout
          • balancer_timeout_check_interval
          • balancer_tolerance_percentage
          • bf_cache_miss_count_threshold
          • bf_cache_priority
          • builtin_db_data_verify_cycle
          • cache_wash_threshold
          • clog_cache_priority
          • clog_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • clog_disk_utilization_threshold
          • clog_expire_days
          • clog_io_isolation_mode
          • clog_sync_time_warn_threshold
          • clog_transport_compress_func
          • cluster
          • cluster_id
          • config_additional_dir
          • cpu_count
          • cpu_reserved
          • data_copy_concurrency
          • data_dir
          • data_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • data_disk_write_limit_percentage
          • data_storage_error_tolerance_time
          • data_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • datafile_disk_percentage
          • datafile_maxsize
          • datafile_next
          • datafile_size
          • dead_socket_detection_timeout
          • debug_sync_timeout
          • default_compress
          • default_compress_func
          • default_row_format
          • default_transport_compress_func
          • devname
          • diag_syslog_per_error_limit
          • disk_io_thread_count
          • dtl_buffer_size
          • election_blacklist_interval
          • election_cpu_quota
          • enable_asan_for_memory_context
          • enable_async_syslog
          • enable_auto_leader_switch
          • enable_auto_refresh_location_cache
          • enable_cgroup
          • enable_dblink
          • enable_ddl
          • enable_election_group
          • enable_global_background_resource_isolation
          • enable_global_freeze_trigger
          • enable_log_archive
          • enable_logservice
          • enable_major_freeze
          • enable_manual_merge
          • enable_merge_by_turn
          • enable_ob_esi_process
          • enable_ob_ratelimit
          • enable_one_phase_commit
          • enable_perf_event
          • enable_pg
          • enable_record_trace_id
          • enable_record_trace_log
          • enable_rereplication
          • enable_rich_error_msg
          • enable_rootservice_standalone
          • enable_rpc_authentication_bypass
          • enable_separate_sys_clog
          • enable_smooth_leader_switch
          • enable_sql_audit
          • enable_sql_operator_dump
          • enable_sys_table_ddl
          • enable_sys_unit_standalone
          • enable_syslog_recycle
          • enable_syslog_wf
          • enable_tcp_keepalive
          • enable_upgrade_mode
          • external_table_disk_cache_max_percentage
          • fast_recovery_concurrency
          • flush_log_at_trx_commit
          • fuse_row_cache_priority
          • gc_wait_archive
          • get_leader_candidate_rpc_timeout
          • global_background_cpu_quota
          • global_index_build_single_replica_timeout
          • global_major_freeze_residual_memory
          • global_write_halt_residual_memory
          • high_priority_net_thread_count
          • ignore_replay_checksum_error
          • ignore_replica_checksum_error
          • ilog_index_expire_time
          • index_block_cache_priority
          • index_cache_priority
          • index_clog_cache_priority
          • index_info_block_cache_priority
          • internal_sql_execute_timeout
          • large_query_threshold
          • large_query_worker_percentage
          • leak_mod_to_check
          • lease_time
          • local_ip
          • location_cache_cpu_quota
          • location_cache_expire_time
          • location_cache_priority
          • location_cache_refresh_min_interval
          • location_cache_refresh_rpc_timeout
          • location_cache_refresh_sql_timeout
          • location_fetch_concurrency
          • location_refresh_thread_count
          • log_archive_batch_buffer_limit
          • log_archive_checkpoint_interval
          • log_disk_percentage
          • log_disk_size
          • logservice_access_point
          • log_storage_warning_trigger_percentage
          • log_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • ls_meta_table_check_interval
          • max_kept_major_version_number
          • max_px_worker_count
          • max_string_print_length
          • max_syslog_file_count
          • memory_chunk_cache_size
          • memory_limit
          • memory_limit_percentage
          • memory_reserved
          • memstore_limit_percentage
          • merge_stat_sampling_ratio
          • merge_thread_count
          • merger_completion_percentage
          • merger_switch_leader_duration_time
          • merger_warm_up_duration_time
          • micro_block_merge_verify_level
          • migrate_concurrency
          • migration_disable_time
          • min_observer_version
          • minor_deferred_gc_time
          • minor_freeze_times
          • minor_merge_concurrency
          • minor_warm_up_duration_time
          • multiblock_read_gap_size
          • multiblock_read_size
          • mysql_port
          • net_thread_count
          • ob_esi_io_concurrency
          • ob_esi_max_syslog_file_count
          • ob_esi_memory_limit
          • ob_esi_rpc_port
          • ob_esi_session_timeout
          • ob_esi_syslog_level
          • ob_event_history_recycle_interval
          • ob_ratelimit_stat_period
          • ob_startup_mode
          • ob_python_home
          • obconfig_url
          • observer_id
          • ob_storage_s3_url_encode_type
          • ob_enable_java_env
          • ob_java_home
          • ob_java_connector_path
          • ob_java_opts
          • ob_enable_utl_http
          • ofs_list
          • opt_tab_stat_cache_priority
          • partition_table_check_interval
          • plan_cache_evict_interval
          • plan_cache_high_watermark
          • plan_cache_low_watermark
          • px_task_size
          • px_workers_per_cpu_quota
          • rebuild_replica_data_lag_threshold
          • recyclebin_object_expire_time
          • replica_safe_remove_time
          • resource_hard_limit
          • resource_soft_limit
          • restore_concurrency
          • rootservice_async_task_queue_size
          • rootservice_async_task_thread_count
          • rootservice_list
          • rootservice_memory_limit
          • rootservice_ready_check_interval
          • row_compaction_update_limit
          • row_purge_thread_count
          • rpc_client_authentication_method
          • rpc_port
          • rpc_server_authentication_method
          • rpc_timeout
          • schema_history_expire_time
          • schema_history_recycle_interval
          • server_balance_cpu_mem_tolerance_percent
          • server_balance_critical_disk_waterlevel
          • server_balance_disk_tolerance_percent
          • server_check_interval
          • server_cpu_quota_max
          • server_cpu_quota_min
          • server_data_copy_in_concurrency
          • server_data_copy_out_concurrency
          • server_permanent_offline_time
          • sql_audit_memory_limit
          • sql_login_thread_count
          • sql_net_thread_count
          • sql_protocol_min_tls_version
          • ssl_client_authentication
          • ssl_external_kms_info
          • stack_size
          • standby_fetch_log_bandwidth_limit
          • storage_meta_cache_priority
          • strict_check_os_params
          • switchover_process_thread_count
          • sync_io_thread_count
          • sys_bkgd_io_high_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_io_low_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_migration_change_member_list_timeout
          • sys_bkgd_migration_retry_num
          • sys_bkgd_net_percentage
          • sys_cpu_limit_trigger
          • syslog_compress_func
          • syslog_disk_size
          • syslog_file_uncompressed_count
          • syslog_io_bandwidth_limit
          • syslog_level
          • syslog_sync_size_threshold
          • system_cpu_quota
          • system_memory
          • system_trace_level
          • tableapi_transport_compress_func
          • tablet_ls_cache_priority
          • tablet_meta_table_check_interval
          • tablet_meta_table_scan_batch_count
          • tablet_size
          • tcp_keepcnt
          • tcp_keepidle
          • tcp_keepintvl
          • tenant_cpu_variation_per_server
          • tenant_groups
          • tenant_task_queue_size
          • token_reserved_percentage
          • trace_log_sampling_interval
          • trace_log_slow_query_watermark
          • trx_2pc_retry_interval
          • trx_force_kill_threshold
          • trx_try_wait_lock_timeout
          • unit_balance_resource_weight
          • unit_gc_wait_time
          • use_large_pages
          • user_block_cache_priority
          • user_iort_up_percentage
          • user_row_cache_priority
          • user_tab_col_stat_cache_priority
          • virtual_table_location_cache_expire_time
          • wait_leader_batch_count
          • weak_read_version_refresh_interval
          • workers_per_cpu_quota
          • zone
          • zone_merge_concurrency
          • zone_merge_order
          • zone_merge_timeout
        • Tenant-level parameters
          • arbitration_timeout
          • archive_lag_target
          • approx_count_distinct_precision
          • audit_log_buffer_size
          • audit_log_compression
          • attach_shared_sstable_thread_score
          • audit_log_enable
          • audit_log_format
          • audit_log_max_size
          • audit_log_path
          • audit_log_prune_seconds
          • audit_log_query_sql
          • audit_log_rotate_on_size
          • audit_log_strategy
          • audit_sys_operations
          • audit_trail
          • auto_split_tablet_size
          • backup_data_file_size
          • balancer_idle_time
          • choose_migration_source_policy
          • clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count
          • clog_persistence_compress_func
          • compaction_dag_cnt_limit
          • compaction_high_thread_score
          • compaction_low_thread_score
          • compaction_mid_thread_score
          • compaction_schedule_tablet_batch_cnt
          • compatible
          • connection_control_failed_connections_threshold
          • connection_control_max_connection_delay
          • connection_control_min_connection_delay
          • cpu_quota_concurrency
          • ddl_thread_score
          • default_auto_increment_mode
          • default_enable_extended_rowid
          • default_load_mode
          • default_micro_block_format_version
          • default_progressive_merge_num
          • default_skip_index_level
          • default_storage_cache_policy
          • default_table_merge_engine
          • default_table_organization
          • default_table_store_format
          • direct_load_allow_fallback
          • dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval
          • enable_adaptive_plan_cache
          • enable_auto_split
          • enable_clog_encryption
          • enable_clog_persistence_compress
          • enable_database_sharding_none
          • enable_early_lock_release
          • enable_pl_rich_error_msg
          • enable_gts_standalone
          • enable_kv_group_commit
          • enable_kv_ttl
          • enable_lock_priority
          • enable_manual_storage_cache_policy
          • enable_mlog_auto_maintenance
          • enable_monotonic_weak_read
          • enable_mv_binlog_minimal_mode
          • enable_ls_leader_balance
          • enable_rebalance
          • enable_sql_extension
          • enable_transfer
          • enable_user_defined_rewrite_rules
          • external_kms_info
          • external_table_io_hole_size
          • external_table_io_range_size
          • freeze_trigger_percentage
          • global_index_auto_split_policy
          • ha_high_thread_score
          • ha_low_thread_score
          • ha_mid_thread_score
          • inc_sstable_upload_thread_score
          • io_category_config
          • job_queue_processes
          • json_document_max_depth
          • kv_ttl_duty_duration
          • kv_group_commit_batch_size
          • kv_group_commit_rw_mode
          • kv_hbase_client_scanner_timeout_period
          • kv_ttl_history_recycle_interval
          • load_data_diagnosis_log_compression
          • load_data_diagnosis_log_max_size
          • load_vector_index_on_follower
          • lob_enable_block_cache_threshold
          • log_archive_concurrency
          • log_disk_throttling_maximum_duration
          • log_disk_throttling_percentage
          • log_disk_utilization_limit_threshold
          • log_disk_utilization_threshold
          • log_restore_concurrency
          • log_storage_compress_all
          • log_storage_compress_func
          • log_transport_compress_all
          • log_transport_compress_func
          • ls_gc_delay_time
          • ls_scale_out_factor
          • major_compact_trigger
          • major_freeze_duty_time
          • max_partition_num
          • max_stale_time_for_weak_consistency
          • mds_compaction_high_thread_score
          • mds_compaction_mid_thread_score
          • mds_minor_compact_trigger
          • merger_check_interval
          • minor_compact_trigger
          • mlog_trim_interval
          • ob_compaction_schedule_interval
          • ob_enable_batched_multi_statement
          • ob_encoding_granularity
          • ob_enable_java_udf
          • ob_enable_python_udf
          • ob_proxy_readonly_transaction_routing_policy
          • ob_query_switch_leader_retry_timeout
          • ob_ssl_invited_common_names
          • ob_vector_memory_limit_percentage
          • open_cursors
          • optimizer_index_cost_adj
          • partition_balance_schedule_interval
          • plsql_code_type
          • plsql_debug
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • plsql_v2_compatibility
          • px_node_policy
          • package_state_sync_max_size
          • query_memory_limit_percentage
          • query_response_time_flush
          • query_response_time_range_base
          • query_response_time_stats
          • range_optimizer_max_mem_size
          • recover_table_concurrency
          • recover_table_dop
          • replica_parallel_migration_mode
          • result_cache_max_size
          • result_cache_max_result
          • ob_result_cache_evict_percentage
          • ob_deterministic_udf_cache_max_size
          • rpc_memory_limit_percentage
          • shared_log_retention
          • spill_compression_codec
          • sql_work_area
          • standby_db_fetch_log_rpc_timeout
          • standby_db_preferred_upstream_log_region
          • sts_credential
          • tde_method
          • tenant_sql_login_thread_count
          • tenant_sql_net_thread_count
          • temporary_file_max_disk_size
          • storage_rowsets_size
          • suspend_storage_cache_task
          • ttl_thread_score
          • undo_retention
          • vector_index_memory_saving_mode
          • vector_index_optimize_duty_time
          • workarea_size_policy
          • writing_throttling_maximum_duration
          • writing_throttling_trigger_percentage
          • zone_deploy_mode
      • System variables
        • Overview
        • Global variables
          • activate_all_roles_on_login
          • auto_increment_cache_size
          • auto_increment_increment
          • auto_increment_offset
          • autocommit
          • automatic_sp_privileges
          • binlog_row_image
          • block_encryption_mode
          • character_set_client
          • character_set_connection
          • cardinality_estimation_model
          • character_set_database
          • character_set_filesystem
          • character_set_results
          • character_set_server
          • character_set_system
          • collation_connection
          • collation_database
          • collation_server
          • connect_timeout
          • cte_max_recursion_depth
          • cursor_sharing
          • datadir
          • default_password_lifetime
          • default_storage_engine
          • div_precision_increment
          • error_on_overlap_time
          • event_scheduler
          • explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
          • ENABLE_OPTIMIZER_ROWGOAL
          • foreign_key_checks
          • group_concat_max_len
          • identity
          • init_connect
          • innodb_stats_persistent
          • innodb_strict_mode
          • interactive_timeout
          • json_float_full_precision
          • license
          • lc_time_names
          • log_row_value_options
          • long_query_time
          • lower_case_table_names
          • max_allowed_packet
          • max_connections
          • max_sp_recursion_depth
          • max_user_connections
          • mview_refresh_dop
          • net_buffer_length
          • net_read_timeout
          • net_write_timeout
          • nls_calendar
          • nls_characterset
          • nls_comp
          • nls_currency
          • nls_date_format
          • nls_date_language
          • nls_dual_currency
          • nls_iso_currency
          • nls_length_semantics
          • nls_nchar_characterset
          • nls_nchar_conv_excp
          • nls_numeric_characters
          • nls_sort
          • nls_territory
          • nls_timestamp_format
          • nls_timestamp_tz_format
          • ob_bnl_join_cache_size
          • ob_compatibility_mode
          • ob_compatibility_control
          • ob_compatibility_version
          • ob_create_table_strict_mode
          • ob_default_lob_inrow_threshold
          • ob_default_replica_num
          • ob_early_lock_release
          • ob_enable_ps_parameter_anonymous_block
          • ob_enable_pl_async_commit
          • ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown
          • ob_enable_blk_nestedloop_join
          • ob_enable_hash_group_by
          • ob_enable_index_direct_select
          • ob_enable_jit
          • ob_enable_pl_cache
          • ob_enable_plan_cache
          • ob_enable_rich_error_msg
          • ob_enable_sql_audit
          • ob_enable_transformation
          • ob_enable_transmission_checksum
          • ob_enable_truncate_flashback
          • ob_global_debug_sync
          • ob_log_level
          • ob_max_read_stale_time
          • ob_pl_block_timeout
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_high_percentage
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_low_percentage
          • ob_plan_cache_percentage
          • ob_proxy_global_variables_version
          • ob_query_timeout
          • ob_read_consistency
          • ob_reserved_meta_memory_percentage
          • ob_route_policy
          • ob_sql_audit_percentage
          • ob_sql_work_area_percentage
          • ob_table_access_policy
          • ob_tcp_invited_nodes
          • ob_temp_tablespace_size_percentage
          • ob_timestamp_service
          • ob_trx_idle_timeout
          • ob_trx_lock_timeout
          • ob_trx_timeout
          • optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines
          • ob_security_version
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
          • optimizer_features_enable
          • optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
          • parallel_degree_limit
          • parallel_degree_policy
          • parallel_max_servers
          • parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
          • parallel_servers_target
          • performance_schema
          • plugin_dir
          • plsql_ccflags
          • pid_file
          • query_cache_size
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • plsql_can_transform_sql_to_assign
          • port
          • query_cache_type
          • query_rewrite_enabled
          • query_rewrite_integrity
          • read_only
          • recyclebin
          • regexp_stack_limit
          • regexp_time_limit
          • resource_manager_plan
          • socket
          • runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
          • runtime_filter_max_in_num
          • runtime_filter_type
          • runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
          • secure_file_priv
          • server_uuid
          • sql_auto_is_null
          • sql_mode
          • sql_quote_show_create
          • sql_safe_updates
          • sql_select_limit
          • sql_throttle_current_priority
          • sql_throttle_network
          • sql_throttle_priority
          • sql_throttle_rt
          • SQL_TRANSPILER
          • sql_warnings
          • system_time_zone
          • time_zone
          • transaction_isolation
          • transaction_read_only
          • tx_isolation
          • tx_read_only
          • validate_password_check_user_name
          • validate_password_length
          • validate_password_mixed_case_count
          • validate_password_number_count
          • validate_password_policy
          • validate_password_special_char_count
          • version
          • version_comment
          • wait_timeout
        • Session-level variables
          • enable_sql_plan_monitor
          • is_result_accurate
          • last_insert_id
          • nls_language
          • ob_capability_flag
          • ob_enable_show_trace
          • ob_hnsw_ef_search
          • ob_ivf_nprobes
          • ob_last_schema_version
          • ob_org_cluster_id
          • ob_sparse_drop_ratio_search
          • ob_proxy_partition_hit
          • ob_proxy_set_trx_executed
          • ob_trace_info
          • timestamp
          • tracefile_identifier
    • Error codes
      • MySQL-compatible mode
        • Overview
        • 0001 to 3999
        • 4000 ~ 4499
        • 4500 to 4999
        • 5000 to 5999
        • 6000 to 6999
        • 7000 to 7999
        • 8000 to 8999
        • 9000 ~ 9499
        • 9500 to 9999
        • 10000 ~ 12000
        • 22998, 30926, 38104, and 38105
      • Oracle-compatible mode
        • Overview
        • OBE-00000 ~ OBE-00999
        • OBE-01000 to OBE-01499
        • OBE-01500 to OBE-01999
        • OBE-02000 to OBE-04999
        • OBE-05000 to OBE-10000
        • OBE-10000 ~ OBE-19999
        • OBE-20000 to OBE-29999
        • OBE-30000 to OBE-49999
        • OBE-50000 to OBE-99999
        • PLS-00000 to PLS-00999
    • Performance tuning
      • Overview
      • Performance related tools
        • System tools
          • Top general tool
          • CPU tools
          • Memory tools
          • Disk I/O tools
          • Network tools
        • Internal tables
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
        • Logs
          • slow trans
          • dump tenant info
          • Trace logs
        • OCP
      • System tuning
        • OS parameter tuning
        • Database parameter tuning
          • CPU-related parameters
          • I/O-related parameters
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Network transmission related parameters
        • ODP parameter tuning
          • CPU parameters
          • Network transmission related parameters
          • Routing parameters on nodes
      • Business model tuning
        • Load balancing
        • SQL diagnostics
        • Distributed transactions
      • Performance diagnosis
        • Cluster performance diagnosis
        • Diagnose tenant performance
        • Monitor ODP performance
        • Monitor host performance
        • WR management
          • Overview
          • Manage WR
          • Monitor historical session performance
          • Clean up WR data
        • ASH report
          • ASH
          • Generate an ASH report
          • Analyze an ASH report
          • ASH best practices
      • SQL tuning
        • Execution process of SQL queries
        • SQL execution plans
          • Introduction to SQL execution plans
          • Fast parameterization
          • Execution plan cache
          • Execution plan operators
            • TABLE SCAN
            • JOIN
            • COUNT
            • GROUP BY
            • WINDOW FUNCTION
            • SUBPLAN FILTER
            • DISTINCT
            • SEQUENCE
            • MATERIAL
            • SORT
            • LIMIT
            • FOR UPDATE
            • SELECT INTO
            • SUBPLAN SCAN
            • UNION
            • INTERSECT
            • EXCEPT/MINUS
            • INSERT
            • DELETE
            • UPDATE
            • MERGE
            • EXCHANGE
            • GI
          • Display execution plans in real time
          • SQL optimization practice with EXPLAIN
        • Distributed execution plans
          • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
          • Generate a distributed plan
          • Schedule distributed execution plans
          • Manage distributed execution plans
          • Parallel execution enabling methods and their priority
          • Auto DOP
          • Execute parallel queries
          • Perform parameter tuning for a parallel query
          • Parallel DML
          • Parallel DDL
        • Parallel execution plans
          • Introduction to parallel execution
          • Classification and optimization of parallel execution
          • Set concurrent execution
            • Concurrency control and queuing
            • Set a DOP for parallel execution
            • Set parallel execution parameters
          • Parallel execution diagnostics
          • Parallel execution tuning tips
          • Quick start
        • SQL tuning
          • Overview of SQL tuning
          • General procedure
          • SQL execution performance monitoring
            • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
            • SQL Trace
            • Plan cache views
            • SQL performance analysis example
              • Use SQL Audit to analyze wait events in a query
              • Analyze SQL queries that cause an abrupt RT jitter
              • View and analyze the shape of an execution plan
              • Analyze slow SQL queries
              • Query SQL traffic distribution and QPS
              • Check whether SQL queries are balanced across servers in a cluster
              • Find the TOP N SQL queries
              • Analyze whether an unusually large number of remote execution requests exist in the system or the execution of an SQL statement
              • Find full table scan SQL statements in a tenant
              • Find the TOP N queries with the longest execution time within a certain period
              • Analyze queries related to distributed plans
              • Check whether the RPC execution count of a distributed subplan is balanced across servers in a cluster
          • Optimizer statistics
            • Overview of statistics
            • Statistics collection methods
              • Overview
              • Histograms
              • Manually collect statistics
              • Automatic statistics collection
              • Online statistics collection
              • Dynamic sampling
            • Statistics management
              • Overview
              • Delete statistics
              • Set statistics
              • Import and export statistics
              • Lock and unlock statistics
              • Manage statistics history
              • Manage statistics preferences
            • Collection and update strategy for partitioned table statistics
            • Monitoring and diagnostics for statistics collection
            • OceanBase statistics management practical guide
          • Query rewrite
            • Overview
            • Rule-based query rewrite
            • Cost-based query rewrite
          • Query optimization
            • Access path
              • Overview
              • Rule-based path selection
              • Cost-based path selection
            • Join algorithm
              • Overview
              • Join algorithms
              • Runtime filter
              • Join order
          • Manage execution plans
            • Optimizer hints
            • Plan binding
            • SQL execution plan management (SPM)
        • Glossary
        • General issues in SQL tuning
    • Database proxy
      • OceanBase Database Proxy
      • Connection and routing
      • ODP
        • Overview
        • Manage ODP clusters
          • Create an ODP cluster
          • Manage ODP cluster parameters
          • Delete an ODP cluster
          • Upgrade all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Restart all ODPs in an ODP cluster
          • Manage OceanBase clusters connected to an ODP cluster
          • Monitor ODP cluster performance
        • Manage ODP
          • Add an ODP
          • Start an ODP
          • Refresh ODP configurations
          • Stop an ODP
          • Restart an ODP
          • Delete an ODP
          • Upgrade one or more ODPs
        • ODP startup parameters
      • Physical connections
      • Logical connection
        • Query all sessions
        • Query the details of a session
        • Query the metrics of a session
        • Query session variables
        • Terminate a server session
      • Route management
        • Table-based routing of ODP
        • LDC-based routing
        • ODP routing policy
          • Read/Write splitting
          • Follower-first read
          • Blocklist mechanism
          • Transaction routing
      • View tenant sessions
      • Terminate a tenant session
      • Set the maximum number of connections for a tenant
    • Drivers
      • ECOB
      • OBCI
      • OceanBase Connector/J
      • OceanBase Connector/C
      • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
    • Platforms
      • OMA
      • OMS
      • OCP
      • ODC
      • OAT
    • Components & tools
      • O&M management
        • obshell
          • Use cases
            • obshell management
              • Start or stop obshell
              • Upgrade obshell
            • cluster management
              • Deploy an OceanBase cluster
              • Deploy ODP
              • Take over an OceanBase cluster not deployed by obshell
              • Start an OceanBase cluster
              • Stop an OceanBase cluster
              • Use obshell to scale out an OceanBase cluster
              • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
              • Initiate a cluster-level backup
              • Replace a faulty node
            • Tenant management
              • Create a tenant
              • Initiate a tenant-level backup
              • Initiate tenant-level restore
              • Expand a tenant
            • Configure an OBServer node to start automatically on boot
          • obshell commands
            • Agent commands of obshell
            • Cluster commands of obshell
            • obshell unit commands
            • obshell resource pool commands
            • Tenant command group of obshell
            • Task commands of obshell
            • Backup commands in obshell
            • obshell restore command group
            • obshell recyclebin command group
          • obshell Dashboard
            • obshell Dashboard
            • Cluster information
            • Cluster Management
            • Tenant management
              • Overview of tenant management
              • Overview
              • Database Management
              • User Management
              • Backup and restore
                • Overview of Backup and Restore
                • Immediately backup
                • Initiate restore
            • Performance Monitoring
            • Alarm center
              • Overview
              • View alert events
              • Managing Alert Suppression
            • Parameter management
            • Package management
            • Task Management
          • API references
            • obshell API requests
            • Hybrid encryption for API operations
            • obshell management
              • AgentUpgradeCheck
              • UpgradeAgent
              • Set node password
              • QueryNodeStatus
            • cluster management
              • Add a node before cluster initialization
              • DeleteNodeBeforeClusterInitialization
              • SetClusterConfig
              • SetServerConfig
              • Initialize Cluster
              • StartCluster
              • StopCluster
              • ObUpgradeCheck
              • Upgrade OceanBase Database
              • Scale out a cluster
              • Cluster shrink
              • GetObInfo
              • Delete a Zone
            • ODP management
              • Deploy ODP
              • Start ODP
              • Stop ODP
              • Upload an ODP installation package
              • Upgrade ODP
              • Destroy ODP
            • Unit config management
              • Create a resource specification
              • Retrieve all resource specifications
              • Query the information of a specified resource specification
              • Delete a resource specification
            • Resource pool management
              • Get information about all resource pools
              • Delete a specified resource pool
            • Tenant management
              • Create a tenant
              • Query tenant information
              • Change the tenant password
              • Modify the access whitelist of a tenant
              • Modify the primary zone of a tenant
              • Modify tenant system variables
              • Modify tenant configurations
              • Rename a tenant
              • Create a user
              • Delete a user
              • Delete a tenant
              • Add a tenant replica
              • Modify a tenant replica
              • Delete a tenant replica
              • Lock a tenant
              • Unlock a tenant
              • Get an overview of all tenants
              • Query a system variable of a specified tenant
              • Fuzzy query tenant system variables
              • Query a tenant parameter
              • Fuzzy query tenant parameters
            • Backup management
              • Set the backup configuration for a tenant
              • Set cluster-level backup configurations
              • Update the backup configuration of a tenant
              • Update the cluster-level backup configuration
              • Initiate a backup for a single tenant
              • Initiate a cluster-level backup
              • View information about a backup task for a tenant
              • View cluster-level backup tasks
              • Modify the backup status of a tenant
              • Modify the status of cluster-level backups
              • Modify the log archiving status of a tenant
              • Modify the log archiving status of a cluster
            • Restore management
              • Initiate tenant restore
              • View tenant recovery
              • Cancel tenant restore
            • Recycle bin management
              • Query all tenant information in the recycle bin
              • Restore a tenant from the recycle bin
              • Clear a tenant from the recycle bin
            • Task management
              • OperateDag
              • GetDagDetails
              • GetNodeDetails
              • GetSubtaskDetails
              • QueryUnfinishedTasks
              • QueryUnfinishedAgentTasks
              • QueryUnfinishedObTasks
              • QueryLastObTask
              • QueryLastAgentTask
            • Other APIs
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What's New Overview Feature differences between the Enterprise Edition and Community Edition System architecture Overview SQL data types Built-in functions System views Compatibility with MySQL Limitations Quick start with OceanBase Database Community Edition Before you begin Basic SQL operations (MySQL-compatible mode) Basic SQL operations (Oracle-compatible mode) Build a Python application Build a Java application Build a C application Build a Go application Build a Java application Build a C application Try out operational OLAP Try out parallel import and data compression Try out the multi-tenant feature Deployment overview HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters Deployment process Deploy the OceanBase Database Java SDK Deployment overview of OceanBase Database Community Edition Deploy an OceanBase cluster in a Kubernetes environment Deploy OceanBase Desktop Clean up an OceanBase cluster Recommended configurations Data migration Overview Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL 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Database to a MySQL database Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL-compatible tenant of OceanBase Database Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW 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Overview

Last Updated:2026-04-23 08:44:12  Updated
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What is on this page
Security
Version-related variables
Debug-related variables
Case sensitivity-related variables
Read/write and query-related
Scheduler-related
Variables related to replicas
Variables related to the source
Variables related to the recycle bin
Variables related to caching
Functions
InnoDB storage engine
Parsing related
Cluster-related
Directory path-related
MyISAM storage engine
Temporary files
Memory
NDB storage engine
Full-text index
Runtime Filter
Upgrade
Time zones and dates
Transactions and transaction logs
Audit related
Data types
SQL/PL-related variables
System logs
Server variables
X Plugin
Performance schema
Lock-related
Foreign key-related
Materialized view-related
Optimizer-related
Auto-increment column-related
Character sets and strings
Group replication
Session level
Version information
Debug
Read/Write and query
Replica
Cache
Cluster
Variables related to the NDB storage engine
SQL/PL related
System log related
System server related
Time zone and date
Transaction and transaction log
Vector
Optimizer
Auto-increment column
Group replication variables

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This topic lists system variables of OceanBase Database based on their functions.

  • Global level

Security

Variable Description
validate_password_check_user_name Specifies whether the user password can be the same as the username.
validate_password_length Specifies the minimum length of the user password.
validate_password_mixed_case_count Specifies the minimum number of uppercase and lowercase letters in the user password.
validate_password_number_count Specifies the minimum number of digits in the user password.
validate_password_policy Specifies the password check strategy.
validate_password_special_char_count Specifies the minimum number of special characters in the user password.
ob_tcp_invited_nodes Specifies the IP address whitelist for the tenant. You can use a wildcard character (%), an underscore (_), or an IP address. You can separate multiple IP addresses with commas. You can match the IP addresses in the list, by mask, or by wildcard.
default_password_lifetime Specifies the password expiration time.
block_encryption_mode Specifies the encryption algorithm used in the aes_encrypt and aes_decrypt functions.
sql_safe_updates Specifies whether to enable the SQL safe mode in MySQL. The default value is OFF.
super_read_only Controls the read/write permissions of the database. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

pid_file Queries the path name of the file in which the server writes the process ID.
port Specifies the TCP/IP port number for the server when you deploy the OBServer node.
socket Queries the name of the Socket file for local client connections.

Version-related variables

Variable name Description
version_comment Displays the version information of an OBServer node.
version Displays the server version.
ob_last_schema_version Sets the latest schema version used in the current session.
ob_proxy_global_variables_version Sets the latest version of global variables to be returned by an OBServer node to an OBProxy node.
ob_enable_transmission_checksum Sets whether to enable packet checksum verification between an OBProxy node and an OBServer node. The setting takes effect immediately.
ob_compatibility_control Controls the behavior when compatibility conflicts occur between MySQL 5.7 and MySQL 8.0.
ob_compatibility_version Controls the OceanBase Database version compatible with the feature that changes the product behavior.
ob_security_version Controls the OceanBase Database version compatible with the security feature. You can specify the compatible version when you create a tenant. You cannot modify the compatible version after the tenant is created.
old_alter_table Sets whether to enable the syntax and operation mode of the old ALTER TABLE statement. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is for MySQL 5.7 compatibility. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

Debug-related variables

Variable name Description
debug Sets the debug options. The default value is d:t:i:o,/tmp/mysqld.trace.

Note

This variable is for MySQL 5.7 compatibility. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

ob_global_debug_sync Sets the synchronization point during debugging. This variable affects all sessions.

Case sensitivity-related variables

Variable name Description
lower_case_table_names Sets whether to enable case sensitivity.

Read/write and query-related

Variable Description
query_cache_size Specifies the size of memory allocated for storing the results of queries that are not yet executed.
query_cache_type Specifies the query cache type.
ob_query_timeout Specifies the query timeout.
is_result_accurate When a query contains the TOPK hint, is_result_accurate specifies whether the query result is accurate.
net_buffer_length Specifies the maximum size of an SQL query that an OBServer node can accept.
read_only Specifies whether a tenant is in read-only mode.
ob_read_consistency Specifies the read consistency level.
ob_max_read_stale_time Specifies the maximum delay threshold (us) for weak-consistency reads.
net_read_timeout Specifies the number of seconds to wait for other data before interrupting a read.
net_write_timeout Specifies the number of seconds to wait for a block to be written before interrupting a write.
ob_enable_index_direct_select Specifies whether to allow users to directly query index tables.
ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown Specifies whether to allow aggregation operations to be pushed down.
ob_enable_jit Specifies the JIT execution engine mode.
sql_throttle_network Specifies the request queuing time. If the queuing time exceeds this value, the query cannot be executed.
parallel_servers_target Specifies the queuing conditions for large queries on each server.
cte_max_recursion_depth Specifies the maximum recursion depth for common table expressions (CTEs). The server terminates the execution of any operation exceeding this CTE value.
regexp_stack_limit Specifies the maximum available memory for the internal stack used in regular expression matching operations.
regexp_time_limit Specifies the time limit for regular expression matching operations.
long_query_time Specifies the threshold for slow queries.

Scheduler-related

Variable Description
event_scheduler Specifies whether the event scheduler is enabled and running on the server.

Variables related to replicas

Variable Description
ob_create_table_strict_mode Specifies the strict mode for table creation.
ob_default_replica_num Specifies the default number of replicas for each table in a cluster.
master_info_repository Specifies whether to record metadata to the mysql table in the InnoDB system database or to store it as a file in the data directory. The default value is FILE.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

replication_optimize_for_static_plugin_config Specifies whether to enable shared locks to improve the performance of semi-synchronous replication. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

replication_sender_observe_commit_only Specifies whether to enable limited callbacks to improve the performance of semi-synchronous replication. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled Specifies whether to enable semi-synchronous replication on a replica. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level Specifies the debug tracing level for semi-synchronous replication on a replica. The default value is 32, which indicates the network waiting level.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

rpl_stop_slave_timeout Specifies the time to wait before a STOP SLAVE statement times out, in seconds. The default value is 31536000.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

slave_checkpoint_group Specifies the maximum number of transactions that can be processed by multi-threaded replication before a checkpoint operation is called to update the progress status. The default value is 512.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

slave_checkpoint_period Specifies the maximum time allowed between checkpoint operations to update the status of multi-threaded replication, in milliseconds. The default value is 300.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

slave_compressed_protocol Specifies whether to use the compression of the source or replica protocol when both the source and replica support compression. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

slave_exec_mode Specifies how replication threads resolve conflicts and errors during replication. Setting it to IDEMPOTENT suppresses errors for duplicate and missing keys; setting it to STRICT does not suppress these errors. The default value is STRICT.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

slave_max_allowed_packet Specifies the maximum size of data packets for replication SQL and I/O threads, in bytes. The default value is 1073741824.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

slave_net_timeout Specifies the time to wait for more data or a heartbeat signal from the source before the replica assumes the connection is disconnected and aborts reading and attempts to reconnect, in seconds. The default value is 60.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

slave_parallel_type Specifies the type of parallel execution for replication transactions when multi-threaded replication is enabled. The default value is DATABASE.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

slave_parallel_workers Specifies the number of threads to execute replication transactions in parallel. The default value is 0, which indicates that parallel execution of replication transactions is disabled.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

slave_pending_jobs_size_max Specifies the maximum length of the work queue for storing unapplied events for multi-threaded replication. The unit is bytes. The default value is 16777216.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

slave_preserve_commit_order Specifies whether to commit transactions in the order they appear in the relay log for multi-threaded replication. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

slave_rows_search_algorithms Specifies the algorithms for searching and finding related rows for replication. The default value is TABLE_SCAN,INDEX_SCAN.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

slave_sql_verify_checksum Specifies whether to verify data using the checksum read from the relay log for the SQL thread of replication. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

slave_transaction_retries Specifies the number of times the system automatically retries a transaction that fails due to a deadlock or because the transaction execution time exceeds the value specified by the innodb_lock_wait_timeout variable. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

slave_type_conversions Specifies the type conversion mode for row-based replication. The default value is empty, indicating that type conversion between the source and replica is disabled.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

sql_slave_skip_counter Specifies the number of events to be skipped from the source for the replica. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

skip_slave_start Specifies whether to skip starting the replication thread when the replica server starts. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

slave_load_tmpdir Specifies the directory name for creating temporary files for the replica. The default value is empty.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

slave_skip_errors Specifies which errors to skip during replication. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

sync_master_info The effect of this variable on the replica depends on whether the master_info_repository parameter is set to FILE or TABLE. The default value is 10000.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

init_slave This variable is similar to init_connect. It specifies the string to be executed by the replica when the replication SQL thread starts. The default value is null.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

log_slow_slave_statements Specifies whether to record slow SQL statements executed by the replication thread to the slow query log if the slow query log is enabled on the replica. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

report_host Specifies the hostname or IP address of the replica to be reported to the source during registration. The default value is null.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

report_password Specifies the password of the replication user account to be reported to the source during registration. The default value is null.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

report_port Specifies the TCP/IP port number for connecting to the replica to be reported to the source during registration. The default value is null.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

report_user The username of the account to which the replica is registered. The default value is null.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

relay_log The name of the relay log. The default value is null.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

relay_log_basename The name and full path of the relay log. The default value is /usr/local/mysql/data/obrd-relay-bin.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

relay_log_index The name of the relay log index file. The default value is /usr/local/mysql/data/obrd-relay-bin.index.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

relay_log_info_file The name of the file that records information about the relay log. The default value is relay-log.info.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

relay_log_recovery If this variable is enabled, the relay log is automatically recovered after the replica is started. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

relay_log_space_limit The maximum capacity of all relay logs, in bytes. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

Variables related to the source

Variable name Description
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled Specifies whether to enable semi-synchronous replication on the source. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout Specifies the time in milliseconds that the source waits for confirmation from the replicas after a transaction is committed. The default value is 10000.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level Specifies the debug tracing level for semi-synchronous replication on the source. The default value is 32, which indicates the network waiting level.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count Specifies the number of replicas that must confirm a transaction before the source continues. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave Specifies whether the source waits for the timeout (set by the rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout variable) even if the number of replicas is less than the value specified by the rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count variable. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point Specifies the point at which the semi-synchronous source waits for confirmation from the replicas before returning the status to the client that submitted the transaction. The default value is AFTER_SYNC.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

Variables related to the recycle bin

Variable name Description
recyclebin Specifies whether to enable the recycle bin.
ob_enable_truncate_flashback Specifies whether to enable flashback for table truncation.

Variables related to caching

Variable name Description
ob_enable_plan_cache Specifies whether to enable the plan cache.
ob_plan_cache_percentage Specifies the percentage of memory allocated to the plan cache relative to the tenant's memory.
ob_plan_cache_evict_high_percentage Specifies the percentage of memory at which the plan cache is evicted relative to the memory limit.
ob_plan_cache_evict_low_percentage Specifies the percentage of memory at which the plan cache eviction stops relative to the memory limit.
ob_bnl_join_cache_size Specifies the amount of data cached in the Batch Nest Loop Join cache for each batch.
stored_program_cache Specifies the number of stored procedures and functions to cache. The default value is 256.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

table_definition_cache Specifies the number of memory spaces allocated to cache table definitions. The default value is -1.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

table_open_cache_instances Specifies the number of table cache instances to open. The default value is 16.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but you cannot set it.

Functions

Variable name Description
interactive_timeout Specifies the number of seconds the server waits for activity before closing an interactive connection.
wait_timeout Specifies the number of seconds the server waits for activity before closing a noninteractive connection.
group_concat_max_len Specifies the maximum length of the result of the GROUP_CONCAT() function.

InnoDB storage engine

Variable Description
innodb_change_buffering_debug The debug level for setting the change buffer of InnoDB. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

innodb_compress_debug The debug level for adjusting and controlling the compression behavior. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

innodb_disable_resize_buffer_pool_debug Whether to enable the size adjustment of the InnoDB buffer pool. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

innodb_fil_make_page_dirty_debug The debug level for dirtying the specified number of pages in InnoDB. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

innodb_limit_optimistic_insert_debug The number of records per B-tree page. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

innodb_merge_threshold_set_all_debug The percentage of full pages of an index. The default value is 50.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

innodb_saved_page_number_debug The number of pages saved in InnoDB for debugging. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

innodb_trx_purge_view_update_only_debug The debug level for controlling whether to only update the purge view during transaction cleanup. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

innodb_trx_rseg_n_slots_debug The number of slots in a transaction rollback segment. Each slot stores the rollback information of a transaction. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

innodb_stats_persistent Whether to persist the statistics of InnoDB indexes to the disk.
innodb_force_recovery The crash recovery mode for repairing the data of the InnoDB storage engine. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but you cannot set it.

innodb_replication_delay The extended time of replication threads on the replica server when the value of the innodb_thread_concurrency variable is reached. The unit is milliseconds. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

innodb_large_prefix Whether to allow an index key prefix longer than 767 bytes (up to 3072 bytes) for an InnoDB table that uses the DYNAMIC or COMPRESSED row format. The default value is ON.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

innodb_sort_buffer_size The size of the buffer for sorting operations. The default value is 1048576.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but you cannot set it.

default_tmp_storage_engine The default temporary table storage engine. The default value is InnoDB.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

innodb_tmpdir The directory for storing temporary files of InnoDB.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

mecab_rc_file The path of the MeCab configuration file.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but you cannot set it.

innodb_temp_data_file_path The path for temporary data files used by InnoDB. The default value is ibtmp1:12M:autoextend, which indicates that InnoDB will use a temporary data file named ibtmp1 with an initial size of 12 MB, and this file will automatically expand as needed to store additional temporary data.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query it, but you cannot set it.

innodb_data_file_path The path and filename for InnoDB data files. The default value is ibdata1:12M:autoextend, which indicates that InnoDB will use a temporary data file named ibdata1 with an initial size of 12 MB, and this file will automatically expand as needed to store additional temporary data.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query it, but you cannot set it.

innodb_data_home_dir The root directory for InnoDB data files.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query it, but you cannot set it.

innodb_read_only Whether to start InnoDB in read-only mode. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query it, but you cannot set it.

innodb_rollback_on_timeout Whether to abort and roll back the entire transaction when a transaction times out. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query it, but you cannot set it.

innodb_api_disable_rowlock Whether to disable row locks when InnoDB memcached executes DML operations. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query it, but you cannot set it.

innodb_autoinc_lock_mode The locking mode for generating auto-increment values. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query it, but you cannot set it.

low_priority_updates Whether to control the priority of INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, and REPLACE statements. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set it. The setting will not take effect, but no error will be returned.

max_error_count The maximum number of errors, warnings, and notifications that can be stored in the diagnostic context. The default value is 64.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set it. The setting will not take effect, but no error will be returned.

max_insert_delayed_threads The maximum number of threads for executing INSERT DELAYED statements. The default value is 20.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set it. The setting will not take effect, but no error will be returned.

innodb_monitor_disable This variable acts as a switch to control which metrics counters to disable.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set it. The setting will not take effect, but no error will be returned.

innodb_monitor_enable This variable acts as a switch to control which metrics counters to enable.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set it. The setting will not take effect, but no error will be returned.

innodb_monitor_reset This variable acts as a switch to control which metrics counters to reset to 0.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set it. The setting will not take effect, but no error will be returned.

innodb_monitor_reset_all This variable acts as a switch to control which metrics counters to reset to 0.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set it. The setting will not take effect, but no error will be returned.

innodb_old_blocks_pct The approximate percentage of the old data blocks in the InnoDB buffer pool. The default value is 37.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set it. The setting will not take effect, but no error will be returned.

innodb_old_blocks_time The time that a block must stay in the old sublist after its first access before it can be moved to the new sublist, in milliseconds. The default value is 1000.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set it. The setting will not take effect, but no error will be returned.

innodb_purge_batch_size The number of undo log pages to parse and process at a time from the history list. The default value is 300.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set it. The setting will not take effect, but no error will be returned.

innodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency This variable specifies how often to truncate rollback segments. The default value is 128.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_random_read_ahead This variable specifies whether to enable random read-ahead for InnoDB I/O. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_read_ahead_threshold This variable specifies the number of pages that must be read sequentially from a segment before asynchronous reads from the next segment are initiated. The default value is 56.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_rollback_segments This variable specifies the number of rollback segments used to generate undo records. The default value is 128.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_spin_wait_delay This variable specifies the interval between spin lock waits. The default value is 6.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_status_output This variable specifies whether to enable or disable the regular output of the standard InnoDB monitor. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_status_output_locks This variable specifies whether to enable or disable InnoDB lock monitoring. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_sync_spin_loops This variable specifies the number of times a thread waits before being suspended when an InnoDB mutex is released. The default value is 30.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

internal_tmp_disk_storage_engine This variable specifies the storage engine for temporary tables on disk. The default value is INNODB.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_fast_shutdown This variable specifies the shutdown mode for the InnoDB engine. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_io_capacity This variable specifies the approximate number of IOPS that can be executed by background tasks per second. The default value is 200.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_io_capacity_max This variable specifies the maximum number of IOPS that can be executed by background tasks per second in an emergency. The default value is 2000.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_thread_concurrency This variable specifies the maximum number of threads allowed in InnoDB. The default value is 0, which indicates no limit.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_thread_sleep_delay This variable specifies the time in microseconds that an InnoDB thread sleeps before being added to the InnoDB wait queue. The default value is 10000.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

innodb_adaptive_hash_index_parts This variable specifies the number of partitions in the adaptive hash index search system. The default value is 8.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

innodb_numa_interleave This variable specifies whether to enable the NUMA interleaving memory policy for allocating buffer pool memory. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

innodb_open_files This variable specifies the maximum number of files that can be opened at a time. The default value is 2000.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

innodb_page_cleaners The number of threads for flushing dirty pages in the buffer pool. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_purge_threads The number of background threads for purging. The default value is 4.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_read_io_threads The number of I/O threads for reading. The default value is 4.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_sync_array_size The size of the mutex/lock wait array. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_use_native_aio Whether to use the Linux asynchronous I/O subsystem. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_write_io_threads The number of I/O threads for writing. The default value is 4.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_api_enable_binlog Whether to allow the InnoDB Memcached plugin to be used with MySQL binlogs. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog This variable affects how InnoDB uses gap locks for searches and index scans. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_log_buffer_size The size of the InnoDB transaction log buffer, in bytes. The default value is 16777216.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_log_files_in_group The number of log files in the log group. The default value is 2.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_log_file_size The size of each log file in the log group, in bytes. The default value is 50331648.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_log_group_home_dir The directory path for InnoDB redo logs. The default value is ./.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_undo_directory The directory for the undo tablespaces created by InnoDB. The default value is ./.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

innodb_undo_tablespaces The number of undo tablespaces available to InnoDB. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

Parsing related

Variable name Description
json_float_full_precision Controls the precision mode for parsing JSON numbers.

Cluster-related

Variable Description
ob_capability_flag Indicates the capabilities of an OBServer node. This variable is used for capability negotiation with the Proxy. It specifies which features are supported and which are not supported by the OBServer node.
ob_compatibility_mode Specifies the compatibility mode of a tenant.
ob_route_policy Specifies the routing policy for selecting data replicas within an OBServer node.
performance_schema Specifies whether to support queries for performance information. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 8.0. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

resource_manager_plan Activates the resource management plan. Different plans use different CPU quotas to limit user activities in resource groups.
license Displays the type of the license.
ob_proxy_partition_hit Specifies whether to send SQL requests for data to the OBServer node where the data leader partition is located.
ob_org_cluster_id Specifies the CLUSTER_ID of the OceanBase cluster.
server_uuid Displays the UUID of the OBServer node.
default_storage_engine Displays the default storage engine of the OBServer node.
slave_allow_batching Specifies whether to enable batch updates for the replication thread. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings do not take effect.

Directory path-related

Variable Description
datadir Displays the local disk path for storing data.
plugin_dir Displays the path for storing plugin DLLs.
secure_file_priv Specifies the path that can be accessed when importing or exporting data to a file.
ob_enable_hash_group_by Specifies whether to enable the Hash Group by feature.

MyISAM storage engine

Variable Description
delay_key_write Specifies whether to delay the write of index keys for MyISAM tables. The default value is ON.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

key_buffer_size Specifies the size of the key buffer for the MyISAM storage engine. The default value is 8388608.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

key_cache_age_threshold Specifies the threshold for degrading a buffer from the hot sub-list to the warm sub-list in the key cache. A lower value means a faster degradation. The default value is 300.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

key_cache_block_size Specifies the size of a single block in the MyISAM key cache. The default value is 1024.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

key_cache_division_limit Specifies the division limit for the MyISAM key cache. The default value is 100.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

max_seeks_for_key Specifies the maximum number of seek operations in a MyISAM query. The default value is 18446744073709551615.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

skip_external_locking Specifies whether to disable the external locking mechanism for MyISAM tables. The default value is ON.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but you cannot set it.

Temporary files

Variable Description
max_tmp_tables Specifies the maximum number of temporary tables that can be held in a user session. The default value is 32.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

Memory

Variable Description
ob_sql_work_area_percentage Specifies the percentage of memory allocated for SQL execution.
ob_sql_audit_percentage Specifies the percentage of memory allocated for SQL audit.
ob_reserved_meta_memory_percentage Specifies the percentage of memory reserved for tenants, primarily for storing meta-related structures.
ob_temp_tablespace_size_percentage Specifies the percentage of memory allocated for temporary tablespaces in the tenant's disk.

NDB storage engine

Variable name Description
ndb_allow_copying_alter_table Specifies whether to allow the ALTER TABLE statement and other DDL statements to use copy operations on tables. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_autoincrement_prefetch_sz Specifies the number of auto-increment values to be prefetched. This value can affect the performance and concurrent access capability of auto-increment columns. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_blob_read_batch_bytes Specifies the size of BLOB data to be read in batches in an NDB Cluster. The unit is bytes. The default value is 65536.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_blob_write_batch_bytes Specifies the size of BLOB data to be written in batches in an NDB Cluster. The unit is bytes. The default value is 65536.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_cache_check_time Specifies the interval, in milliseconds, at which to check whether the cache needs to be refreshed on each NDB node. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_clear_apply_status Specifies whether to clear the application status. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_data_node_neighbour Defines the neighbor relationships of data nodes. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_default_column_format Defines the default column format for tables, whether to store them in fixed-length or variable-length format. The default value is FIXED, indicating fixed-length storage.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_deferred_constraints Controls whether to delay constraint checks on tables. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_distribution Specifies the default distribution method for NDB tables, whether to partition by hash key values or by linear hash. The default value is KEYHASH, indicating hash key value partitioning.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_eventbuffer_free_percent Specifies the percentage of free space in the event buffer of an NDB Cluster. The default value is 20.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_eventbuffer_max_alloc Specifies the maximum size of memory that can be allocated for the event buffer, in bytes. The default value is 0, indicating no limit.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_extra_logging Specifies whether to log specified NDB storage engine information to the MySQL error log. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_force_send Specifies whether to immediately send the cache to NDB without waiting for other threads. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_fully_replicated Specifies whether to fully replicate new tables. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available starting with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_index_stat_enable Specifies whether to enable the NDB index statistics collection feature. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_index_stat_option Specifies the options for generating NDB index statistics. The default value is loop_checkon=1000ms,loop_idle=1000ms,loop_busy=100ms,update_batch=1,read_batch=4,idle_batch=32,check_batch=32,check_delay=1m,delete_batch=8,clean_delay=0,error_batch=4,error_delay=1m,evict_batch=8,evict_delay=1m,cache_limit=32M,cache_lowpct=90.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_join_pushdown Specifies whether to enable the join pushdown optimization feature in the storage engine. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_log_binlog_index Specifies whether to insert the mapping of epochs to binlog positions into the ndb_binlog_index table. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_log_empty_epochs Specifies whether to write unchanged epoch transactions to the binlog. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_log_empty_update Specifies whether to write unchanged update transactions to the binlog. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_log_exclusive_reads Specifies whether to use an exclusive lock for reading primary keys. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_log_update_as_write Specifies whether to write updates to the binlog as updates (OFF) or writes (ON). The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_log_update_minimal Specifies the log recording behavior of NDB Cluster. If the value is ON, NDB Cluster records only the minimal information of update operations. If the value is OFF, NDB Cluster records the entire row changes. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_log_updated_only Specifies whether to write only the updated rows or the entire rows to the binlog when Mysqld writes updates to the binlog. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_optimization_delay Specifies the wait time between groups of rows when using the OPTIMIZE TABLE statement on an NDB table, in microseconds. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_read_backup Specifies whether to allow reading data from any fragment of any NDB table created after this variable is set. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_recv_thread_activation_threshold Specifies the activation threshold for receive threads. The default value is 8.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_recv_thread_cpu_mask Specifies the CPU mask for receive threads. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_report_thresh_binlog_epoch_slip Specifies the maximum allowed size of a binlog timestamp jump before a report is generated. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_report_thresh_binlog_mem_usage Specifies the percentage threshold of the remaining available memory for binlog before a report is sent. When the remaining available memory for binlog is less than this value, a report is sent. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_row_checksum Specifies the checksum value for table rows. When the value is 1, the checksum values for all rows are calculated and saved. When the value is 0, the checksum detection for table rows is not performed. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_show_foreign_key_mock_tables Specifies whether to display mock tables for foreign key dependencies. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_slave_conflict_role Specifies the role of the node in a circular replication (master-master) setup. The default value is NONE, indicating that the role is undefined or not configured.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_table_no_logging Controls the logging behavior for NDB tables. When the value is ON, all tables created or modified using the NDB storage engine are in a no-logging state. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_table_temporary Specifies the behavior of temporary tables when using the NDB storage engine. When the value is ON, NDB tables are not written to disk. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_use_exact_count Specifies whether to force NDB to use record counts to accelerate SELECT count(*) queries. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndb_use_transactions Controls whether to enable NDB transaction support. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndbinfo_max_bytes Only for testing and debugging. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndbinfo_max_rows Only for testing and debugging. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndbinfo_offline Specifies whether to set the ndbinfo database to offline mode. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

ndbinfo_show_hidden Specifies whether to display the underlying internal tables of the ndbinfo database in the MySQL client. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

myisam_data_pointer_size Specifies the default pointer size, in bytes, for MyISAM tables created without the MAX_ROWS option. The default value is 6.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

myisam_max_sort_file_size Specifies the maximum size of the temporary files allowed during MyISAM index recreation (in REPAIR TABLE, ALTER TABLE, or LOAD DATA operations), in bytes. The default value is 9223372036853720064.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

myisam_repair_threads Specifies the number of concurrent threads for repairing MyISAM tables. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

myisam_sort_buffer_size The size of the buffer allocated for sorting MyISAM indexes during the REPAIR TABLE operation or when creating indexes with CREATE INDEX (or ALTER TABLE), in bytes. The default value is 8388608.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

myisam_stats_method The method for calculating NULL values when collecting statistical information about the distribution of index values in MyISAM tables. The default value is nulls_unequal, which treats NULL values as regular values and handles them the same as other values.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

myisam_use_mmap Whether to use memory mapping for reading and writing MyISAM tables. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect.

server_id_bits The number of least significant bits in the 32-bit server_id that actually identify the server. The default value is 32.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but you cannot set it.

Full-text index

Variable Description
innodb_ft_enable_diag_print Enables or disables diagnostic output for InnoDB full-text indexes. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, but you can query and set it without errors. However, the settings will not take effect.

innodb_ft_num_word_optimize Specifies the minimum number of words to optimize during an OPTIMIZE TABLE operation. The default value is 2000.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, but you can query and set it without errors. However, the settings will not take effect.

innodb_ft_result_cache_limit Specifies the size of the InnoDB full-text index result cache. The default value is 2000000000, in bytes.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, but you can query and set it without errors. However, the settings will not take effect.

innodb_ft_server_stopword_table Specifies the server stopword table for InnoDB full-text indexes. The default value is NULL.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, but you can query and set it without errors. However, the settings will not take effect.

innodb_optimize_fulltext_only Controls the behavior of the OPTIMIZE TABLE statement on InnoDB tables with FULLTEXT indexes. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, but you can query and set it without errors. However, the settings will not take effect.

innodb_ft_cache_size Specifies the size of the InnoDB full-text index cache. The default value is 8000000, in bytes.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, but you can query it. You cannot set it.

innodb_ft_sort_pll_degree Specifies the number of parallel threads for full-text index sorting. The default value is 2.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, but you can query it. You cannot set it.

innodb_ft_total_cache_size Specifies the total size of the InnoDB full-text index cache. The default value is 640000000, in bytes.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, but you can query it. You cannot set it.

ft_stopword_file Specifies the file path for stopword processing. The default value is built-in.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, but you can query it. You cannot set it.

Runtime Filter

Variable Description
runtime_filter_type Specifies the Runtime Filter type at the tenant level.
runtime_filter_wait_time_ms Specifies the maximum wait time for Runtime Filters.
runtime_filter_max_in_num Specifies the number of distinct values (NDV) for Runtime In Filters.
runtime_bloom_filter_max_size Specifies the maximum memory usage for Runtime Bloom Filters, in bytes.

Upgrade

Variable Description
avoid_temporal_upgrade Manages the upgrade behavior for temporal data (such as dates and times). The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, but you can query and set it without errors. However, the settings will not take effect.

Time zones and dates

Name Description
time_zone The time zone used by the current tenant session. The value can be specified in offset format, such as '+08:00', or region format, such as Asia/Shanghai.
timestamp TIMESTAMP is a timestamp in seconds, and it affects the result of SELECT NOW(6).
system_time_zone Specifies the system time zone for the server.
error_on_overlap_time Specifies whether to return an error if a timestamp is ambiguous in a time zone with overlapping daylight saving time changes.
nls_language The default language in the database's internationalization (NLS) settings, used for prompts, dates, month names, and as the default value for NLS_SORT and NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE.
nls_territory The current territory, which is used in conjunction with nls_language.
nls_date_language Specifies the default language for dates in the database's internationalization support.
nls_calendar Used to specify the calendar system to be used by the database.
ob_timestamp_service Specifies the timestamp service to use.

Transactions and transaction logs

Variable name Description
autocommit Specifies whether to auto-commit a transaction.
tx_isolation Specifies the transaction isolation level.
ob_proxy_set_trx_executed Specifies whether a user sends the START TRANSACTION statement to the OBServer through the ODP.
ob_early_lock_release This variable specifies whether to enable the early lock release (ELR) feature.

Note

This variable is deprecated starting from V2.2.30. The ELR feature is now controlled by the tenant-level parameter enable_early_lock_release.

ob_trx_idle_timeout The transaction idle timeout. After an interval exceeds the timeout value, it is considered that the transaction is idle and the transaction is considered to be timed out.
transaction_isolation Sets the transaction isolation level.
transaction_read_only Specifies whether a read-only transaction is allowed.
ob_trx_lock_timeout Used to set the wait timeout for transactions.
tx_read_only Specify whether a transaction is read-only.
ob_trx_timeout This variable specifies the transaction timeout.
ob_trace_info This variable is used to pass trace information, which will ultimately be persistently written to the REDO log.
gtid_executed Stores the set of committed transactions and the GTID specified by the statement. The default value is NULL.

Note

This variable is retained for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot modify its value.

gtid_owned This variable stores the list of GTID values of current transactions and the IDs of the threads that own them. The default value is NULL.

Note

This variable is compatible with MySQL 5.7 only. You can query its value but cannot set it.

Audit related

Name Description
ob_enable_sql_audit Specifies whether to enable SQL Audit for the current tenant.

Data types

Variable Description
nls_length_semantics Specifies the length semantics of the CHAR and VARCHAR2 data types.
nls_nchar_conv_excp Specifies whether to return an error when data is lost during the conversion between NCHAR/NVARCHAR2 and CHAR/VARCHAR2 data types.
nls_numeric_characters Specifies the decimal and thousand separators used during the conversion between numbers and strings.
nls_currency Specifies the local currency symbol for the L element in the number format.
nls_iso_currency Specifies the local currency symbol for the C element in the number format.
nls_dual_currency Specifies the local currency symbol for the U element in the number format.
nls_date_format Specifies the format for converting a date to a string and for implicitly converting a string to a date.
nls_timestamp_format Specifies the format for converting a TIMESTAMP or TIMESTAMP_LTZ value to a string and for implicitly converting a string to a TIMESTAMP or TIMESTAMP_LTZ value.
nls_timestamp_tz_format Specifies the format for converting a TIMESTAMP_TZ value to a string and for implicitly converting a string to a TIMESTAMP_TZ value.
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp Specifies whether to enable nonstandard behavior for the TIMESTAMP data type when handling default values and NULL values.
log_row_value_options Specifies whether to enable partial updates for LOB data.
ob_default_lob_inrow_threshold Specifies the default in-row storage threshold for LOB fields when creating a table.

SQL/PL-related variables

Variable Description
connect_timeout Specifies the connection timeout.
ob_pl_block_timeout Specifies the maximum timeout for PL.
cursor_sharing Specifies whether to parameterize SQL statements.
have_profiling Indicates whether to enable query performance analysis. The default value is NO.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

profiling Specifies whether to enable statement analysis. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

profiling_history_size Specifies the number of query performance records to be saved. The default value is 15.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

innodb_strict_mode Specifies the SQL syntax check mode.
max_connections Specifies the maximum number of connections for a tenant.
sql_mode Specifies the SQL mode. Different SQL modes have a significant impact on behaviors such as insertions.
sql_quote_show_create Specifies whether to enable quoting identifiers in SHOW CREATE TABLE and SHOW CREATE DATABASE statements.
ob_enable_rich_error_msg Specifies whether to display information such as svr_ip, time, and trace_id when an error occurs during SQL execution.
sql_throttle_current_priority Specifies the throttling priority. Requests from sessions where sql_throttle_current_priority is less than sql_throttle_priority will be throttled.
sql_throttle_priority Specifies the throttling priority.
sql_throttle_rt Specifies the RT value.
max_allowed_packet Specifies the maximum size of a network packet.
max_user_connections Specifies the maximum number of connections that a single user can establish with an OBServer node. A value of 0 indicates no limit.
max_sp_recursion_depth Specifies the maximum number of nested calls to a specified stored procedure.
sql_select_limit Specifies the maximum number of rows that a SELECT query can return.
max_connections Specifies the maximum number of connections for a tenant.
ob_enable_blk_nestedloop_join Specifies whether to enable block nested loop joins.
parallel_max_servers Specifies the maximum number of threads in the parallel execution (PX) thread pool on each server.
sql_transpiler Specifies whether to enable the SQL Transpiler feature.

Note

This variable is available starting with V4.4.2 of OceanBase Database V4.4.x.

plsql_can_transform_sql_to_assign Specifies whether to allow select into from dual statements in PL/SQL to be rewritten as assign statements.

System logs

Variable Description
binlog_row_image Controls whether to record full-column logs.
ob_enable_show_trace Specifies whether to use trace logs.
ob_log_level Specifies the log level at the session level. If not specified, the system log level is used.
tracefile_identifier Specifies the content to be added to the log to facilitate the filtering of row iteration trace logs.
master_verify_checksum Specifies whether to enable checksum verification. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is used only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

log_statements_unsafe_for_binlog Specifies whether to record error code 1592 information to the error log. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is used only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting does not take effect.

binlog_gtid_simple_recovery Controls how the server iterates through binlog files during GTID search when it starts or restarts. The default value is 1, which means that the values of gtid_executed and gtid_purged are calculated based on the values of previous_gtids_log_event in the latest and oldest binlog files at startup.

Note

This variable is used only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but you cannot set it.

log_bin_basename The full path of the binlog file. The default value is null.

Note

This variable is used only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but you cannot set it.

log_bin_index The name and path of the binlog index file. The default value is null.

Note

This variable is used only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but you cannot set it.

log_slave_updates Specifies whether the replica server records updates received from the primary server's binlog to its own binlog. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is used only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but you cannot set it.

Server variables

Variable name Description
preload_buffer_size The size of the buffer used for preloading indexes. The unit is bytes. The default value is 32768.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

read_buffer_size The size of the buffer used for reading data. The unit is bytes. The default value is 131072.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

read_rnd_buffer_size The size of the buffer used for reading data from MyISAM tables and for multi-range read optimization for any storage engine. The unit is bytes. The default value is 262144.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

sync_frm Whether to synchronize the metadata of InnoDB tables to the .frm files on the disk. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

keep_files_on_create When you do not use the DATA DIRECTORY or INDEX DIRECTORY option to specify the location of data files or index files, this variable specifies whether to retain existing files in the corresponding directory when you create a MyISAM table. The default value is OFF, which indicates to overwrite existing files.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

max_heap_table_size The maximum size to which a memory table can grow. The unit is bytes. The default value is 16777216.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

bulk_insert_buffer_size The size of the buffer used for bulk insert operations. The unit is bytes per thread. The default value is 8388608.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

general_log_file The name of the file to store general query logs. The default value is host_name.log.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

host_cache_size The size of the host cache. The default value is 279.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

log_error_verbosity The level of detail to include in error logs. The default value is 3.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

log_output The output destination for general query logs and slow query logs. The default value is FILE.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

log_queries_not_using_indexes Whether to record queries that do not use indexes to the slow query log. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

log_slow_admin_statements Whether to record slow administrative statements such as ALTER TABLE, ANALYZE TABLE, CHECK TABLE, CREATE INDEX, DROP INDEX, OPTIMIZE TABLE, and REPAIR TABLE to the slow query log. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

log_syslog Whether to record error logs to the system log. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

log_syslog_facility The tool for writing error logs to the system log. The default value is daemon.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

log_syslog_include_pid Whether to write the process ID of the service process in the error log output to the system log. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

log_syslog_tag The label to be added to the server identifier in the error log output written to the system log. The default value is null.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes The maximum number of statements written to the slow query log per minute. The default value is 0, indicating no limit.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

log_timestamps The timezone for the timestamps of error logs, general logs, and slow query logs written to files. The default value is UTC.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

log_warnings The record level for additional warning information in the error log. The default value is 2.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

max_delayed_threads The maximum number of threads that can be created to process INSERT DELAYED statements. The default value is 20.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

offline_mode Whether to set the server to offline mode. The default value is 0, indicating that the server is not set to offline mode.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

require_secure_transport Whether to use a secure transport for the connection between the client and the server. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

slow_launch_time The time in seconds that a thread takes to create. If this time exceeds the value of this variable, the value of the Slow_launch_threads status variable increases. The default value is 2.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

sql_log_off Whether to enable (OFF) or disable (ON) the general query log for the current session. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

thread_cache_size The maximum number of threads that can be cached. The default value is 9.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

thread_pool_high_priority_connection Whether to reserve idle threads for high-priority connections in the thread pool. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

thread_pool_max_unused_threads The maximum number of unused threads in the thread pool. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

thread_pool_prio_kickup_timer The time in milliseconds that a statement waits before being moved to the high-priority queue. The default value is 1000.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

thread_pool_stall_limit The time in 10 milliseconds that a statement must complete after it starts execution. The default value is 6.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

have_statement_timeout Whether to enable the statement timeout feature. The default value is ON.

Note

This variable is for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable, but you cannot set it.

old A compatibility variable for resolving compatibility issues. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

version_tokens_session_number An internal variable. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect and no error is returned.

back_log The maximum number of connections that can be stored in the connection request queue when the server is processing connection requests. The default value is 80.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

basedir The path of the installation root directory. The default value is /usr/local/mysql/.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

bind_address The IP address to which the server binds when it listens for TCP/IP client connections. The default value is *.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

core_file Whether to generate a core file before the server exits when a fatal error occurs. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

have_compress Whether the zlib compression library required for the COMPRESS() and UNCOMPRESS() functions is available. The default value is ON, indicating that it is available.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

ignore_db_dirs A comma-separated list of names that are not considered database directories in the data directory. The default value is null.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

init_file The name of a file that contains SQL statements to be executed when the server starts. The default value is null.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

large_files_support Whether the server supports handling large files. The default value is 1, indicating that it supports handling large files.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

large_pages Whether to enable support for large pages. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

large_page_size If large page support is enabled, this variable specifies the size of memory pages in bytes. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

locked_in_memory Whether the server is locked in memory. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

log_error The output destination of the error log file. The default value is ./obrd.16c.vd3-s2h6-n3.err.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

named_pipe Whether to allow clients to connect to the server using named pipes. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

named_pipe_full_access_group When named pipe connections are supported, the Windows user group that has permission to use named pipe connections. The default value is empty string.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

open_files_limit The number of file descriptors available to the server. The default value is 655360.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

shared_memory Specifies whether to allow clients to connect by using shared memory. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

shared_memory_base_name Specifies the name of the shared memory used for shared memory connections. The default value is MYSQL.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

skip_name_resolve Specifies whether to resolve hostnames during client connection checks. The default value is OFF, which means that hostnames must be resolved.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

skip_networking Specifies whether to allow TCP/IP connections. The default value is OFF, which means that TCP/IP connections are disabled.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

thread_handling Specifies the thread model used by the server to handle client connections. The default value is one-thread-per-connection.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

thread_pool_algorithm Specifies the algorithm used by the thread pool plugin. The default value is 0, which means that the conservative low-concurrency algorithm is used.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

thread_pool_size Specifies the number of thread groups in the thread pool. The default value is 16.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

thread_stack Specifies the size of the stack for each thread. The default value is 262144.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

tls_version Specifies the protocols that the server allows for encrypted connections.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

X Plugin

Variable name Description
mysqlx_bind_address Specifies the network address on which the X plugin listens for TCP/IP connections. The default value is *, which means that all TCP/IP connections from all server hosts are accepted.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, so you can query it but cannot set it.

mysqlx_port Specifies the network port on which the X plugin listens for TCP/IP connections. The default value is 33060.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, so you can query it but cannot set it.

mysqlx_port_open_timeout Specifies the time in seconds that the X plugin waits for a TCP/IP port to become idle. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, so you can query it but cannot set it.

mysqlx_socket Specifies the path to the Unix socket file used by the X plugin. The default value is /tmp/mysqlx.sock.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, so you can query it but cannot set it.

mysqlx_ssl_ca Specifies the path to the SSL certificate authority (CA) file used by the X plugin.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, so you can query it but cannot set it.

mysqlx_ssl_capath Specifies the directory path to the SSL certificate authority (CA) certificate file used by the X plugin.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, so you can query it but cannot set it.

mysqlx_ssl_cert Specifies the path to the SSL certificate file used by the X plugin.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, so you can query it but cannot set it.

mysqlx_ssl_cipher Specifies the list of encryption algorithms used for SSL encryption by the X plugin.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, so you can query it but cannot set it.

mysqlx_ssl_crl Specifies the filename of the certificate revocation list (CRL) file used by the X plugin.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, so you can query it but cannot set it.

mysqlx_ssl_crlpath Specifies the directory path to the certificate revocation list (CRL) file used by the X plugin.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, so you can query it but cannot set it.

mysqlx_ssl_key Specifies the path to the SSL certificate key file used by the X plugin.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported, so you can query it but cannot set it.

Performance schema

Variable name Description
performance_schema_accounts_size Specifies the number of rows in the accounts table. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_digests_size Specifies the maximum number of rows in the events_statements_summary_by_digest table. The default value is 10000.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_events_stages_history_long_size Specifies the number of rows in the events_stages_history_long table. The default value is 10000.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_events_stages_history_size Specifies the number of rows for each thread in the events_stages_history table. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_events_statements_history_long_size Specifies the number of rows in the events_statements_history_long table. The default value is 10000.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_events_statements_history_size Specifies the number of rows for each thread in the events_statements_history table. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_events_transactions_history_long_size Specifies the number of rows in the events_transactions_history_long table. The default value is 10000.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_events_transactions_history_size Specifies the number of rows for each thread in the events_transactions_history table. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_events_waits_history_long_size Specifies the number of rows in the events_waits_history_long table. The default value is 10000.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_events_waits_history_size Specifies the number of rows for each thread in the events_waits_history table. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_hosts_size Specifies the number of rows in the hosts table. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_cond_classes Specifies the maximum number of condition collectors. The default value is 80.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_cond_instances Specifies the maximum number of condition objects that can be collected. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_digest_length Specifies the maximum length of a standardized SQL statement in bytes when it is stored in the performance schema. The default value is 1024.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_file_classes Specifies the maximum number of file collectors. The default value is 80.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable, but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_file_handles The maximum number of file objects that can be opened. The default value is 32768.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_file_instances The maximum number of file objects that can be collected. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_index_stat The maximum number of indexes in the statistics maintained by the Performance Schema. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_memory_classes The maximum number of memory collectors. The default value is 320.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_metadata_locks The maximum number of metadata lock collectors. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_mutex_classes The maximum number of mutex collectors. The default value is 200.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_mutex_instances The maximum number of mutex objects that can be collected. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_prepared_statements_instances The maximum number of rows in the prepared_statements_instances table. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_program_instances The maximum number of stored programs in the statistics maintained by the Performance Schema. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_rwlock_classes The maximum number of rwlock collectors. The default value is 50.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_rwlock_instances The maximum number of rwlock objects that can be collected. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_socket_classes The maximum number of socket collectors. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_socket_instances The maximum number of socket objects that can be collected. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_sql_text_length The maximum length of SQL statements that can be stored in the SQL_TEXT column of the events_statements_current, events_statements_history, and events_statements_history_long statement event tables, in bytes. The default value is 1024.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_stage_classes The maximum number of stage collectors. The default value is 150.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_statement_classes The maximum number of statement collectors. The default value is 193.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_statement_stack The maximum depth of nested stored program calls in the statistics maintained by the Performance Schema. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related feature is not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_table_handles The maximum number of table objects that can be opened. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_table_instances The maximum number of table objects that can be collected. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_table_lock_stat The maximum number of tables in lock statistics maintained by the Performance Schema. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_thread_classes The maximum number of thread collectors. The default value is 50.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_max_thread_instances The maximum number of thread objects that can be collected. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_session_connect_attrs_size The preallocated memory size, in bytes, for storing connection attribute key-value pairs for each thread. The default value is 512.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_setup_actors_size The number of rows in the setup_actors table. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_setup_objects_size The number of rows in the setup_objects table. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

performance_schema_users_size The number of rows in the users table. The default value is -1, indicating automatic scaling.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

Lock-related

Variable Description
metadata_locks_cache_size The size of the metadata lock cache. The default value is 1024 bytes.

Note

This variable is available only for MySQL 5.7 compatibility. The related features are not supported. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

metadata_locks_hash_instances The number of instances of the metadata lock hash table. The default value is 8.

Note

This variable is available only for MySQL 5.7 compatibility. The related features are not supported. You can query the variable but cannot set it.

Foreign key-related

Variable Description
foreign_key_checks Specifies whether to check foreign key constraints in DML/DDL operations.

Materialized view-related

Variable Description
mview_refresh_dop Specifies the default refresh parallelism for materialized views.

Optimizer-related

Variable Description
optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines Specifies whether to use the Plan Baseline plan.
optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines Specifies whether to automatically capture new plans to the Plan Baseline.
parallel_degree_policy Specifies the parallelism selection strategy.
parallel_degree_limit Specifies the upper limit of the parallelism selected by the optimizer when the Auto DOP strategy is used.
parallel_min_scan_time_threshold Specifies the minimum evaluation execution time for parallel processing of base table scans.
optimizer_dynamic_sampling Specifies the level of dynamic sampling.
optimizer_features_enable Enables the optimizer features of different OceanBase Database versions.
ob_enable_transformation Specifies whether to enable the rewrite feature of the SQL optimizer.
ob_table_access_policy Controls the optimizer to prioritize a specific storage format when generating base table plans.

Auto-increment column-related

Variable Description
auto_increment_increment Specifies the auto-increment step size. This variable is available only for MySQL clients.
auto_increment_offset Specifies the starting value of the AUTO_INCREMENT column.
last_insert_id Returns the last auto-increment value inserted in the current session.
identity identity and the last_insert_id variable are synonyms. You can query identity by executing the select @@identity statement.
sql_auto_is_null Specifies whether to retrieve the auto-increment value of the last inserted row.
auto_increment_cache_size Specifies the number of auto-increment values cached.
div_precision_increment Specifies the increment of the precision of the result of a division operation based on the precision of the dividend. This is a MySQL compatibility feature.

Character sets and strings

Variable name Description
character_set_client The character set for statements sent from the client.
character_set_connection The character set to be converted after receiving a statement.
character_set_database The character set for the default database.
character_set_results The character set to be converted before sending the result set or error message back to the client.
character_set_server The character set for the server.
character_set_system The character set used by the server.
collation_connection The character set and collation for the connection.
collation_database The default character set and collation for the database.
collation_server The default character set and collation for the server.
character_set_filesystem The character set type for the file system.
sql_warnings Whether to generate information strings for single-row INSERT statements when warnings occur.
init_connect The string to be executed by the server for each client connection, consisting of one or more SQL statements separated by semicolons.
nls_sort The collation for string values.
nls_comp The comparison rule for string values.
nls_characterset The default character set for data types such as CHAR, VARCHAR2, and CLOB in the database.
nls_nchar_characterset The default character set for data types such as NCHAR, NVARCHAR2, and NCLOB.

Group replication

Variable name Description
group_replication_allow_local_disjoint_gtids_join Specifies whether to allow a server to join a group if it has local transactions not present in the group. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_allow_local_lower_version_join Specifies whether to allow a server to join a group if the MySQL Server version on the server is lower than that on other members of the group. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_auto_increment_increment Specifies the increment value for the auto-increment column of each member in the replication group. This ensures that the auto-increment column values are ordered and do not overlap in a multi-primary group. The default value is 7.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_bootstrap_group Specifies whether to use the current server to bootstrap the group. This variable can only be set on one server and can only be set when bootstrapping the group for the first time or re-bootstrapping the group. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_components_stop_timeout Specifies the timeout in seconds for each component during group replication shutdown. The default value is 2.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_compression_threshold Specifies the threshold for message compression between group members. Messages will be compressed if the threshold is exceeded. The default value is 1000000.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks Specifies whether to enable or disable strict consistency checks for multi-primary updates at any time. The default value is OFF, which disables the checks.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_exit_state_action Specifies the behavior of group replication when a server instance leaves the group due to an exception. The default value is READ_ONLY.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_flow_control_applier_threshold Specifies the number of transactions waiting in the application queue that triggers flow control. The default value is 25000.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_flow_control_certifier_threshold Specifies the number of transactions waiting in the certifier queue that triggers flow control. The default value is 25000.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_flow_control_mode Specifies the mode for flow control. The default value is QUOTA.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_force_members Specifies the list of member addresses in the format host1:port1,host2:port2. This variable is used to forcibly establish a new group. After setting this variable, excluded members (those not specified in the variable) will not receive new view messages and will be blocked (write operations will be blocked). The default value is empty.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_group_name Specifies the name of the group replication group to which the current server belongs. The default value is empty.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_group_seeds Specifies the list of seed member addresses in the format host1:port1,host2:port2. The default value is empty.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related functionality is not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate an error.

group_replication_gtid_assignment_block_size The number of consecutive GTIDs to be reserved for each member. The default value is 1000000.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_ip_whitelist The list of hosts (IP addresses or host names) that are allowed to connect to the group. The allowed hosts are called the whitelist. The default value is AUTOMATIC.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_local_address The network address used by a group replication member to provide access to other members in the group. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_member_weight The percentage weight of a group member, which affects the chance of the member being selected as the primary node during a failover (only applicable to groups in single-primary mode). In a group in single-primary mode, when the primary node leaves the group, the member with the higher weight is prioritized to be selected as the new primary node. The default value is 50.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_poll_spin_loops The number of times the group replication communication thread waits for the communication engine mutex to be released before waiting for more incoming network messages. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_recovery_complete_at The strategy for applying cached transactions after the status transmission is completed in a distributed recovery. The default value is TRANSACTIONS_APPLIED.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_recovery_reconnect_interval The interval, in seconds, between reconnection attempts to find an available donor when a new server cannot find an available donor during distributed recovery. The default value is 60.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_recovery_retry_count The number of times to retry connecting to find an available donor when a new server cannot find an available donor during distributed recovery. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_ca The path to the file containing the list of trusted SSL certificate authorities for distributed recovery connections. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_capath The directory path to the trusted SSL certificate authorities for distributed recovery connections. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_cert The name of the SSL certificate file for establishing a secure connection for distributed recovery. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_cipher The list of allowed encryption algorithms for SSL encryption. The available encryption algorithms depend on the version of the SSL library used to compile the MySQL Server. Different SSL libraries support different encryption algorithms. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_crl The name of the file containing the certificate revocation list. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_crlpath The directory path containing the certificate revocation list files. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_key The name of the SSL key file for establishing a secure connection for distributed recovery. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_verify_server_cert Specifies whether to verify the server common name in the donor certificate during distributed recovery. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

group_replication_recovery_use_ssl Specifies whether to use SSL for the connection channel used in distributed recovery by group replication members. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

group_replication_single_primary_mode Specifies whether to run group replication in single-primary mode, where one server is automatically selected to handle read/write workloads. If set to ON, only one readable/writable primary node exists, and all other group members are secondary nodes. If set to OFF, single-primary mode is disabled, and multi-primary mode is enabled, where all group members are readable/writable primary nodes. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

group_replication_ssl_mode Specifies the security status of SSL connections between group replication members. The default value is DISABLED.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

group_replication_start_on_boot Specifies whether to start group replication when the server starts. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

group_replication_transaction_size_limit Specifies the maximum size of a transaction that can be received in group replication, in bytes. The default value is 150000000.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

group_replication_unreachable_majority_timeout Specifies the waiting time before a group member leaves the group when it is disconnected from the majority of the group members due to a network partition. The unit is seconds. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting will not take effect and no error will be reported.

Session level

Version information

Variable name Description
ob_last_schema_version Specifies the latest schema version used in the current session.
old_alter_table Specifies whether to enable the syntax and operation mode of the ALTER TABLE statement in earlier versions. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

Debug

Variable name Description
debug Specifies the debug options. The default value is d:t:i:o,/tmp/mysqld.trace.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

Read/Write and query

Variable name Description
is_result_accurate When a query is specified with the topk hint, is_result_accurate indicates whether the result is accurate.
long_query_time Specifies the threshold for slow queries.

Replica

Variable name Description
master_info_repository Specifies whether to record metadata in the mysql table of the system database InnoDB or as a file in the data directory. The default value is FILE.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

Cache

Variable name Description
table_definition_cache Specifies the number of memory spaces for caching table definitions. The default value is -1.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the setting has no effect.

table_open_cache_instances Specifies the number of table cache instances. The default value is 16.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query, but cannot set this variable.

Cluster

Variable name Description
ob_capability_flag Specifies the capabilities provided by the OBServer node. It is used for capability negotiation with the Proxy to inform the Proxy of the supported and unsupported features of the current OBServer node.
ob_proxy_partition_hit Specifies whether to send SQL statements to the OBServer node where the data master partition is located.
ob_org_cluster_id Specifies the CLUSTER_ID of the OceanBase cluster.

Variables related to the NDB storage engine

Variable name Description
ndb_allow_copying_alter_table Specifies whether to allow the ALTER TABLE statement and other DDL statements to use copy operations on tables. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_autoincrement_prefetch_sz Specifies the number of auto-increment values to be prefetched. This value can affect the performance and concurrent access capability of auto-increment columns. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_blob_read_batch_bytes Specifies the size of batch reads of BLOB data in NDB Cluster, in bytes. The default value is 65536.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_blob_write_batch_bytes Specifies the size of batch writes of BLOB data in NDB Cluster, in bytes. The default value is 65536.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_deferred_constraints Specifies whether to delay constraint checks on tables. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_fully_replicated Specifies whether to fully replicate new tables. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_index_stat_enable Specifies whether to use the NDB index statistics collection feature. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_index_stat_option Specifies the options for generating NDB index statistics. The default value is loop_checkon=1000ms,loop_idle=1000ms,loop_busy=100ms,update_batch=1,read_batch=4,idle_batch=32,check_batch=32,check_delay=1m,delete_batch=8,clean_delay=0,error_batch=4,error_delay=1m,evict_batch=8,evict_delay=1m,cache_limit=32M,cache_lowpct=90.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_join_pushdown Specifies whether to enable the join pushdown optimization feature in the storage engine. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_log_binlog_index Specifies whether to insert the mapping of epochs to binlog positions into the ndb_binlog_index table. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_log_exclusive_reads Specifies whether to use an exclusive lock to record primary key reads. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_row_checksum Specifies the checksum value for table rows. If the value is 1, the checksum values of all rows are calculated and saved. If the value is 0, no checksum checks are performed on table rows. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_use_exact_count Specifies whether to force NDB to use record counts to accelerate SELECT count(*) queries. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndb_use_transactions Specifies whether to enable NDB transaction support. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and will not generate errors.

ndbinfo_max_bytes This variable is available starting with yyy. It is used for testing and debugging. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is available starting with yyy. It is used for testing and debugging. The default value is 0.

ndbinfo_max_rows This variable is available starting with yyy. It is used for testing and debugging. The default value is 10.

Note

This variable is available starting with yyy. It is used for testing and debugging. The default value is 10.

ndbinfo_show_hidden Specifies whether to display the internal tables of the ndbinfo database in the MySQL client. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available starting with yyy. It is used for testing and debugging. The default value is 0.

myisam_repair_threads Specifies the number of concurrent threads for repairing MyISAM tables. The default value is 1.

Note

This variable is available starting with yyy. It is used for testing and debugging. The default value is 0.

myisam_sort_buffer_size Specifies the size of the buffer allocated for sorting MyISAM indexes during the REPAIR TABLE operation or when creating indexes using CREATE INDEX (or ALTER TABLE). The unit is bytes. The default value is 8388608.

Note

This variable is available starting with yyy. It is used for testing and debugging. The default value is 0.

myisam_stats_method Specifies the method for calculating NULL values when collecting statistical information about the distribution of index values in MyISAM tables. The default value is nulls_unequal, which treats NULL values as regular values and handles them like other values.

Note

This variable is available starting with yyy. It is used for testing and debugging. The default value is 0.

myisam_use_mmap Specifies whether to use memory mapping for reading and writing MyISAM tables. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is available starting with yyy. It is used for testing and debugging. The default value is 0.

SQL/PL related

Variable Description
have_profiling Indicates whether query performance analysis is supported. The default value is NO.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query this variable but cannot set it.

profiling Indicates whether the statement analysis feature is enabled or disabled. The default value is 0.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

profiling_history_size Specifies the number of query performance records to be saved. The default value is 15.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

enable_sql_plan_monitor Specifies whether to record SQL statements into the SQL plan monitor for the current session.
sql_transpiler Controls whether to enable the SQL Transpiler feature.

Note

This variable is available starting with V4.4.2 in V4.4.x.

System log related

Variable Description
ob_enable_show_trace Specifies whether to use the trace log.
tracefile_identifier Specifies the content to be added to the log for filtering row iteration trace logs.

System server related

Variable Description
pseudo_slave_mode Specifies whether to convert the server to a pseudo slave mode. The default value is OFF.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

pseudo_thread_id Specifies the ID of the session thread. The default value is 2147483647.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

rbr_exec_mode Specifies the mode of the session thread, either IDEMPOTENT or STRICT. The default value is STRICT.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

preload_buffer_size Specifies the cache size for preloading indexes, in bytes. The default value is 32768.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

read_buffer_size Specifies the cache size for reading data, in bytes. The default value is 131072.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

read_rnd_buffer_size Specifies the cache size for reading data from MyISAM tables, and for multi-range read optimization for any storage engine, in bytes. The default value is 262144.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

keep_files_on_create When the DATA DIRECTORY or INDEX DIRECTORY option is not used to specify the location for storing data files or index files, this variable specifies whether to retain existing files in the corresponding directory when creating a MyISAM table. The default value is OFF, which means to overwrite existing files.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

max_heap_table_size Specifies the maximum size to which user-created memory tables can grow, in bytes. The default value is 16777216.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

bulk_insert_buffer_size Specifies the cache size for bulk insert operations, in bytes per thread. The default value is 8388608.

Note

This variable is provided for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable. However, the setting does not take effect.

Time zone and date

Variable name Description
timestamp TIMESTAMP is the timestamp in seconds. This variable affects the result of select now(6).
nls_language The default language of the database for internationalization. This language is used for prompts, dates, month names, and the default values of NLS_SORT and NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE.

Transaction and transaction log

Variable name Description
ob_proxy_set_trx_executed Specifies whether to send the START TRANSACTION Syntax statement to OBServer through obproxy.
ob_trace_info Specifies the trace information, which can be persisted to the REDO log.

Vector

Variable name Description
ob_hnsw_ef_search Specifies the number of neighbor points to search in each layer of the graph for the HNSW algorithm during vector index queries.
ob_ivf_nprobes Specifies the number of nearest cluster centers to search during vector index queries. This variable affects the performance and recall rate of IVF queries: a larger value increases the recall rate but also increases the search time.

Optimizer

Variable name Description
ob_table_access_policy Controls the optimizer to prioritize specific storage formats when generating base table plans.

Auto-increment column

Variable name Description
last_insert_id Returns the value of the auto-increment column inserted in the last session.

Group replication variables

Variable name Description
group_replication_force_members Specifies the list of member addresses in the format host1:port1,host2:port2. This variable is used to forcibly create a new group. After setting this variable, excluded members (those not specified in this variable) will not receive new view messages and will be blocked (write operations will be blocked). The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and no errors will be reported.

group_replication_group_name Specifies the name of the group to which the current server belongs. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and no errors will be reported.

group_replication_gtid_assignment_block_size Specifies the number of consecutive GTIDs to be reserved for each member. The default value is 1000000.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and no errors will be reported.

group_replication_ip_whitelist Specifies the list of hosts (IP addresses or hostnames) allowed to connect to the group. These allowed addresses are referred to as white-listed addresses. The default value is AUTOMATIC.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and no errors will be reported.

group_replication_local_address The network address used by group replication members to provide access to other members in the group. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and no errors will be reported.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_ca Specifies the path to the file containing the list of trusted SSL certificate authorities for distributed recovery connections. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and no errors will be reported.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_capath Specifies the directory path for the certificates issued by trusted SSL certificate authorities for distributed recovery connections. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and no errors will be reported.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_cert Specifies the name of the SSL certificate file required to establish a secure connection for distributed recovery. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and no errors will be reported.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_cipher Specifies the list of allowed encryption algorithms for SSL encryption. The available encryption algorithms depend on the version of the SSL library used when compiling MySQL Server. Different SSL libraries support different encryption algorithms. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and no errors will be reported.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_crl Specifies the file name containing the certificate revocation list. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and no errors will be reported.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_crlpath Specifies the directory path containing the certificate revocation list files. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and no errors will be reported.

group_replication_recovery_ssl_key Specifies the name of the SSL key file required to establish a secure connection for distributed recovery. The default value is an empty string.

Note

This variable is only for compatibility with MySQL 5.7. The related features are not supported. You can query and set this variable, but the settings will not take effect and no errors will be reported.

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Security
Version-related variables
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Scheduler-related
Variables related to replicas
Variables related to the source
Variables related to the recycle bin
Variables related to caching
Functions
InnoDB storage engine
Parsing related
Cluster-related
Directory path-related
MyISAM storage engine
Temporary files
Memory
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Full-text index
Runtime Filter
Upgrade
Time zones and dates
Transactions and transaction logs
Audit related
Data types
SQL/PL-related variables
System logs
Server variables
X Plugin
Performance schema
Lock-related
Foreign key-related
Materialized view-related
Optimizer-related
Auto-increment column-related
Character sets and strings
Group replication
Session level
Version information
Debug
Read/Write and query
Replica
Cache
Cluster
Variables related to the NDB storage engine
SQL/PL related
System log related
System server related
Time zone and date
Transaction and transaction log
Vector
Optimizer
Auto-increment column
Group replication variables