Incremental direct load|V4.4.2| docs|Distributed Database

Incremental direct load

Last Updated：2026-03-06 07:02:42 Updated

If a table already contains data and you want to import incremental data, you can use the incremental direct load feature. Although you can import incremental data using a full direct load, this process will overwrite all the original data, resulting in poor import performance. In contrast, the incremental direct load feature only processes the incremental data, ensuring better import performance.

This topic describes how to use the LOAD DATA, INSERT INTO SELECT, and CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statements to perform an incremental direct load.

Considerations

When you use direct load, consider the following items:

If you use incremental direct load, a major compaction is triggered. Therefore, incremental direct load is not recommended for small data sets that can be imported within a few minutes.
Incremental direct load is supported for a target table with nonunique local indexes.
The LOAD DATA statement can be executed in multi-row transactions. When you execute the LOAD DATA statement, the previous transaction is automatically committed.
When you use the INSERT INTO SELECT statement to perform direct load, only Parallel Data Manipulation Language (PDML) is supported. You cannot use direct load for non-PDML statements.
When you use the LOAD DATA or INSERT INTO SELECT statement to specify a partition for direct load, the target table cannot be a replicated table, and cannot contain auto-increment columns, identity columns, or global indexes.
For V4.3.5, incremental direct load has the following changes starting from V4.3.5 BP1:
- If the last-level partition of the target table is a hash partition or a key partition, you can perform direct load at the partition level.
- Only heap tables with one local unique index are supported. If the target table contains multiple local unique indexes or global unique indexes, the import operation fails.
- If multiple direct load tasks have overlapping partitions, you cannot perform parallel direct load at the partition level. If no partitions overlap, you can perform parallel direct load at the partition level.
- If the value of the foreign_key_checks session-level variable is False, foreign key constraints are not checked during direct load.

Use the LOAD DATA statement to perform direct load

The LOAD DATA statement performs incremental direct load by using the DIRECT() hint. If you do not specify the hint, the behavior of importing data is determined based on the default_load_mode parameter.

Limitations

During import, you cannot execute two write operations at the same time. This is because a table lock is added during import, and only read operations are allowed during the entire import process.
Import is not supported in triggers.
Tables with generated columns are not supported. Some indexes, such as KEY idx_c2 (c2(16)) GLOBAL, may generate hidden generated columns.
Import of data rows exceeding 2 MB is not supported.
Import is not supported for Liboblog and flashback queries.
Tables with foreign keys are not supported for incremental direct load.

Syntax

LOAD DATA /*+ [DIRECT(need_sort,max_error,{'inc'|'inc_replace'})] parallel(N) */ [REMOTE_OSS | LOCAL] INFILE 'file_name' INTO TABLE table_name [PARTITION(PARTITION_OPTION)] [COMPRESSION]...

For more information about the LOAD DATA syntax, see LOAD DATA.

Parameters:

Parameter	Description
DIRECT()	Enables direct load by using the Hint. The `DIRECT()` parameter is described as follows: `need_sort`: specifies whether the data to be written needs to be sorted. The value is of the `bool` type: `true`: the data needs to be sorted. `false`: the data does not need to be sorted. Note When you import data from an ordered file or a backup file (which is sorted by the primary key), you can set `need_sort` to `false` to skip the sorting process. If the data is not sorted by the primary key and the `need_sort` parameter is set to `true`, an error is returned. `max_error`: specifies the maximum number of errors that can be tolerated. The value is of the `INT` type. If the number of errors exceeds this value, the import task fails. `inc\|inc_replace`: specifies the two modes of incremental direct load. The value must be enclosed in single quotation marks. `inc`: incremental load. It checks whether the primary keys are duplicated and supports the `INSERT` and `IGNORE` semantics. `inc_replace`: incremental load. It does not check whether the primary keys are duplicated. It is equivalent to incremental load with the `REPLACE` semantics. Notice When the `load_mode` parameter is set to `inc_replace`, the `REPLACE` or `IGNORE` keyword cannot be specified in the `LOAD DATA` statement.
parallel(N)	Required. The parallelism of data loading. Default value: 4.
REMOTE_OSS \| LOCAL	Optional. `REMOTE_OSS` specifies whether to read data from an object storage service. Currently, the following object storage services are supported: Alibaba Cloud OSS, AWS S3, and object storage services that are compatible with S3, such as OBS, GCS, and COS. `LOCAL` specifies whether to read data from the local file system of the client. If you do not specify `REMOTE_OSS` or `LOCAL`, data is read from the file system of the server (OBServer node).
file_name	The path and name of the input file. This parameter corresponds to the type of `REMOTE_OSS \| LOCAL`. When `REMOTE_OSS` is specified, `file_name` indicates that the import file is stored in an object storage service. Commonly supported object storage services are as follows: Aliyun OSS: `LOAD DATA /+ [APPEND \| DIRECT(need_sort,max_error)] parallel(N) / REMOTE_OSS INFILE 'oss://$PATH/$FILENAME/?host=$HOST&access_id=$ACCESS_ID&access_key=$ACCESS_KEY' INTO TABLE table_name ...;` AWS S3: `LOAD DATA /+ [APPEND \| DIRECT(need_sort,max_error)] parallel(N) / REMOTE_OSS INFILE 's3://$PATH/$FILENAME/?host=$HOST&access_id=$ACCESS_ID&access_key=$ACCESS_KEY&s3_region=S3_REGION' INTO TABLE table_name ...;` Object storage compatible with S3: `LOAD DATA /+ [APPEND \| DIRECT(need_sort,max_error)] parallel(N) / REMOTE_OSS INFILE 's3://$PATH/$FILENAME/?host=$HOST&access_id=$ACCESS_ID&access_key=$ACCESS_KEY' INTO TABLE table_name ...;` When `LOCAL` is specified, the import file is stored on the client. In this case, the syntax is `LOAD DATA /+ [APPEND \| DIRECT(need_sort,max_error)] parallel(N) / REMOTE_OSS INFILE '/$PATH/$FILENAME' INTO TABLE table_name ...;`. If neither `REMOTE_OSS` nor `LOCAL` is specified, the import file is stored on the OBServer node. In this case, the syntax is the same as when only `LOCAL` is specified. The following table describes the parameters in the preceding syntax: `$PATH`: the path of the file in the bucket. `$FILENAME`: the name of the file to be accessed. `$HOST`: the host name or CDN-accelerated domain name of the object storage service, that is, the address of the object storage service to be accessed. `$ACCESS_ID`: the Access Key ID required to access the object storage service, which is used for authentication. `$ACCESSKEY`: the Access Key secret required to access the object storage service, which is used for authentication. `S3_REGION`: the region where the Amazon S3 bucket is located. This parameter is required when the object storage service is AWS S3. Note When you import a file from an object storage service, make sure that the following conditions are met: You have sufficient permissions to read the specified bucket and file. You can set the access permissions in the OSS console or by using the OSS API. You must also configure the Access Key ID and Access Key secret as appropriate credentials. The database server can connect to the specified `$HOST` address to access the object storage service. If you use the CDN-accelerated domain name of the object storage service, make sure that the CDN is properly configured and that the network connection is normal.
table_name	The name of the table to which the data is imported. You can specify any number of columns in the table.
PARTITION_OPTION	The name of the partition to be imported in the partition direct load. partition_option_list: the list of partitions to be imported. If you want to import data from multiple partitions, separate the partition names with commas (,). subpartition_option_list: the list of subpartitions to be imported. If you want to import data from multiple subpartitions, separate the subpartition names with commas (,).
COMPRESSION	The compression format of the file. Valid values: `AUTO`: automatically detects the compression algorithm based on the file name suffix. When you use the `AUTO` parameter, different file name suffixes correspond to different compression formats. `.gz`: GZIP-compressed file. `.deflate`: DEFLATE-compressed file. `.zst/.zstd`: ZSTD-compressed file. `NONE`: the file is not compressed. `GZIP`: GZIP-compressed file. `DEFLATE`: GZIP-compressed file without metadata. `ZSTD`: ZSTD-compressed file. You can explicitly specify the compression format of the file or let the program detect the compression format based on the file name suffix.

Note

The LOAD DATA statement supports importing data from multiple files by using the wildcard character. This feature is available only on the OBServer node (the wildcard character does not work when you log in to the OBServer node from another machine and execute the LOAD DATA statement).

Example

The steps for incremental direct load in the LOAD DATA statement are the same as those for full direct load, except that you need to replace the value of the full field with inc or inc_replace.

Note

The following example describes how to import data from a file on the server. OceanBase Database also supports direct load from a local file (LOCAL INFILE). For more information about the LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE statement, see Use the LOAD DATA statement to import data.

MySQL-compatible mode

Oracle-compatible mode

Log in to the server where the OBServer node is located and create a test table named tbl1 in the /home/admin directory.

Note

The LOAD DATA statement in OceanBase Database supports direct load only from a local file on the OBServer node. Therefore, you must copy the file to an OBServer node before you import it.
```
[xxx@xxx /home/admin]# ssh admin@10.10.10.1
```
```
[admin@xxx /home/admin]# vi tbl1.csv
1,11
2,22
3,33
```
Set the file path for import.

Set the system variable secure_file_priv to specify the path that can be accessed during import or export.

Notice

For security reasons, you can set the system variable secure_file_priv only by using a local Unix socket. For more information, see secure_file_priv.
1. Log in to the server where the OBServer node is located.
```
[xxx@xxx /home/admin]# ssh admin@10.10.10.1
```
2. Connect to the mysql001 tenant by using a local Unix socket.
```
obclient -S /home/admin/oceanbase/run/sql.sock -uroot@mysql001 -p******
```
3. Set the import path to /home/admin.
```
obclient [(none)]> SET GLOBAL secure_file_priv = "/home/admin";
Query OK, 0 rows affected
```

After you reconnect to the database, use the LOAD /*+ DIRECT */ DATA statement to import data.

Create the tbl1 table.

obclient [test]> CREATE TABLE tbl1 (
                    col1 INT PRIMARY KEY,
                    col2 INT
                 )
                 PARTITION BY RANGE (col1)
                    SUBPARTITION BY RANGE (col1) (
                       PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (100) (
                             SUBPARTITION p0_1 VALUES LESS THAN (50),
                             SUBPARTITION p0_2 VALUES LESS THAN (100)
                       ),
                       PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (200) (
                             SUBPARTITION p1_1 VALUES LESS THAN (150),
                             SUBPARTITION p1_2 VALUES LESS THAN (200)
                       )
                 );
Query OK, 0 rows affected

Query the tbl1 table to check whether it contains data. The result shows that the table is empty.
```
obclient [test]> SELECT * FROM tbl1;
Empty set
```

Import data from the tbl1.csv file to the tbl1 table by using direct load.

Import data to all columns of the tbl1 table.

obclient [test]> LOAD DATA /*+ direct(true,1024,'inc_replace') parallel(16) */ INFILE '/home/admin/tbl1.csv' INTO TABLE tbl1 FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';
Query OK, 3 rows affected
Records: 3  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0

Import data to specified columns of the tbl1 table. For example, import data to the col1 and col2 columns.

obclient [test]> LOAD DATA /*+ direct(true,1024,'inc_replace') parallel(16) */ INFILE '/home/admin/tbl1.csv' INTO TABLE tbl1 FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','(col1,col2);
Query OK, 3 rows affected
Records: 3  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0

(Optional) Import data to partitions of the tbl1 table.

obclient [test]> LOAD DATA /*+ direct(true,1024,'inc_replace') parallel(16) */ INFILE '/home/admin/tbl1.csv' INTO TABLE tbl1 partition(p0, p1)  FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';

(Optional) Import data to subpartitions of the tbl1 table.

obclient [test]> LOAD DATA /*+ direct(true,1024,'inc_replace') parallel(16) */ INFILE '/home/admin/tbl1.csv' INTO TABLE tbl1 partition(p0sp0_1, p1sp1_1)  FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';

Import data by using the default_load_mode parameter.
1. Set the value of the default_load_mode parameter to INC_DIRECT_WRITE or INC_REPLACE_DIRECT_WRITE.
```
obclient [test]> ALTER SYSTEM SET default_load_mode ='INC_DIRECT_WRITE';
```
2. Do not specify the Hint in the LOAD DATA statement.
```
obclient [test]> LOAD DATA INFILE '/home/admin/tbl1.csv' INTO TABLE tbl2 FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';
```

Verify whether data has been imported to the tbl1 table.

obclient [test]>  SELECT * FROM tbl1;

The query result is as follows:

 +------+------+
 | col1 | col2 |
 +------+------+
 |    1 |   11 |
 |    2 |   22 |
 |    3 |   33 |
 +------+------+
 3 rows in set

The result shows that data has been imported to the tbl2 table.

Log in to the server where the OBServer node is located and create a test table named tbl1 in the /home/admin directory.

Note

The LOAD DATA statement in OceanBase Database supports direct load only from a local file on the OBServer node. Therefore, you must copy the file to an OBServer node before you import it.
```
[xxx@xxx /home/admin]# ssh admin@10.10.10.1
```
```
[admin@xxx /home/admin]# vi tbl1.csv
1,11
2,22
3,33
```
Set the file path for import.

Set the system variable secure_file_priv to specify the path that can be accessed during import or export.

Notice

For security reasons, you can only modify the global variable secure_file_priv by using a local Unix socket connection to the database. For more information, see secure_file_priv.
1. Log in to the server where the OBServer node is located.
```
[xxx@xxx /home/admin]# ssh admin@10.10.10.1
```
2. Run the following command to connect to the oracle001 tenant by using a local Unix socket connection.
```
obclient -S /home/admin/oceanbase/run/sql.sock -usys@oracle001 -p******
```
3. Set the import path to /home/admin.
```
obclient [(none)]> SET GLOBAL secure_file_priv = "/home/admin";
Query OK, 0 rows affected
```

After you reconnect to the database, use the LOAD /*+ DIRECT */ DATA statement to import data.

Create a table named tbl2.

obclient [test]> CREATE TABLE tbl2 (
                    col1 INT PRIMARY KEY,
                    col2 INT
                 )
                 PARTITION BY RANGE (col1)
                    SUBPARTITION BY RANGE (col1) (
                       PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (100) (
                             SUBPARTITION sp0_1 VALUES LESS THAN (50),
                             SUBPARTITION sp0_2 VALUES LESS THAN (100)
                       ),
                       PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (200) (
                             SUBPARTITION sp1_1 VALUES LESS THAN (150),
                             SUBPARTITION sp1_2 VALUES LESS THAN (200)
                       )
                 );
Query OK, 0 rows affected

Query whether data exists in the tbl2 table. At this time, the table is empty.
```
obclient [test]> SELECT * FROM tbl2;
Empty set
```

Import data from the tbl1.csv file to the tbl2 table by using direct load.

Import data to all columns of the tbl2 table.

obclient [test]> LOAD DATA /*+ direct(true,1024,'inc_replace') parallel(16) */ INFILE '/home/admin/tbl1.csv' INTO TABLE tbl2 FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';
Query OK, 3 rows affected
Records: 3  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0

Import data to specified columns of the tbl2 table. For example, import data to the col1 and col2 columns.

obclient [test]> LOAD DATA /*+ direct(true,1024,'inc_replace') parallel(16) */ INFILE '/home/admin/tbl1.csv' INTO TABLE tbl2 FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','(col1,col2);
Query OK, 3 rows affected
Records: 3  Deleted: 0  Skipped: 0  Warnings: 0

(Optional) Import data to partitions of the tbl2 table.

obclient [test]> LOAD DATA /*+ direct(true,1024,'inc_replace') parallel(16) */ INFILE '/home/admin/tbl1.csv' INTO TABLE tbl2 partition(p0, p1)  FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';

(Optional) Import data to subpartitions of the tbl2 table.

obclient [test]> LOAD DATA /*+ direct(true,1024,'inc_replace') parallel(16) */ INFILE '/home/admin/tbl1.csv' INTO TABLE tbl2 partition(p0sp0_1, p1sp1_1)  FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';

Import data by using the default_load_mode parameter.
1. Set the default_load_mode parameter to INC_DIRECT_WRITE or INC_REPLACE_DIRECT_WRITE.
```
obclient [test]> ALTER SYSTEM SET default_load_mode ='INC_DIRECT_WRITE';
```
2. Do not specify the Hint in the LOAD DATA statement.
```
obclient [test]> LOAD DATA INFILE '/home/admin/tbl1.csv' INTO TABLE tbl2 FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',';
```

Verify whether data has been imported to the tbl2 table.

obclient [test]>  SELECT * FROM tbl2;

The query result is as follows:

 +------+------+
 | col1 | col2 |
 +------+------+
 |    1 |   11 |
 |    2 |   22 |
 |    3 |   33 |
 +------+------+
 3 rows in set

The result indicates that data has been imported to the tbl2 table.

Use the INSERT INTO SELECT statement to import data

You can use the INSERT INTO SELECT statement with the direct() clause and the enable_parallel_dml hint to import data in direct mode. If you do not specify the enable_parallel_dml hint, the system uses the value of the default_load_mode parameter to determine the data import mode.

Limitations

Only PDML (Parallel Data Manipulation Language) is supported for direct load. Non-PDML statements cannot be used for direct load. For more information about parallel DML, see Parallel DML.
During a direct load, only read operations can be performed. Therefore, you cannot write to two tables at the same time.
Direct load cannot be used in triggers.
Direct load cannot be used for tables with generated columns. Some indexes generate hidden generated columns, for example, KEY idx_c2 (c2(16)) GLOBAL.
Direct load cannot be used for Liboblog or flashback queries.
Direct load cannot be used for tables with indexes other than the primary key.
Direct load cannot be used for tables with foreign keys.

Syntax

INSERT /*+ [DIRECT(need_sort,max_error,{'inc'|'inc_replace'})] enable_parallel_dml parallel(N) */ INTO  table_name [PARTITION(PARTITION_OPTION)] select_sentence

For more information about the INSERT INTO statement, see INSERT (MySQL-compatible mode) and INSERT (Oracle-compatible mode).

Parameters:

Parameter	Description
DIRECT()	Enables direct load by using a hint. The `DIRECT()` parameter is described as follows: `need_sort`: specifies whether the data to be written needs to be sorted. The value is of the `bool` type: `true`: the data needs to be sorted. `false`: the data does not need to be sorted. `max_error`: specifies the maximum number of error rows that can be tolerated. The value is of the `INT` type. If the number of error rows exceeds this value, the import task fails. `inc\|inc_replace`: specifies the two modes of incremental direct load. The value must be enclosed in single quotation marks. `inc`: incremental import. Checks for duplicate primary keys and supports the `INSERT` and `IGNORE` semantics. `inc_replace`: incremental import. Does not check for duplicate primary keys. This is equivalent to incremental import with the `REPLACE` semantics.
enable_parallel_dml	The parallelism for data loading. Note Generally, the `enable_parallel_dml` hint and the `parallel` hint must be used together to enable parallel DML. However, if the parallelism for the target table is specified at the schema level, only the `enable_parallel_dml` hint is required.
parallel(N)	The parallelism for data loading. This parameter is required. The value is an integer greater than 1.
table_name	The name of the table to which data is imported. You can specify any number of columns in the table.
PARTITION_OPTION	The name of the partition to which data is imported. partition_option_list: the list of partitions to be inserted. Separate multiple partitions with commas (,). subpartition_option_list: the list of subpartitions to be inserted. Separate multiple subpartitions with commas (,).

Examples

The steps for incremental direct load in the INSERT INTO SELECT statement are the same as those for full direct load. You only need to replace the value of the full field with inc or inc_replace.

MySQL-compatible mode

Oracle-compatible mode

Example 1: Full example of incremental direct load using the INSERT INTO SELECT statement.

Use direct load to import part of the data from table tbl2 to table tbl1.

Query whether table tbl1 contains data. The result shows that the table is empty.
```
obclient [test]> SELECT * FROM tbl1;
Empty set
```

Query whether table tbl2 contains data.

obclient [test]> SELECT * FROM tbl2;

The query result shows that table tbl2 contains data.

 +------+------+------+
 | col1 | col2 | col3 |
 +------+------+------+
 |    1 | a1   |   11 |
 |    2 | a2   |   22 |
 |    3 | a3   |   33 |
 +------+------+------+
 3 rows in set

Use direct load to import data from table tbl2 to table tbl1.

Specify the Hint for the INSERT INTO SELECT statement.

Do not specify partition import.

obclient [test]> INSERT /*+ DIRECT(true, 0, 'inc_replace') enable_parallel_dml parallel(16) */ INTO tbl1 SELECT t2.col1,t2.col3 FROM tbl2 t2;
Query OK, 3 rows affected
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

(Optional) Specify partition import.

obclient [test]> INSERT /*+ DIRECT(true, 0, 'inc_replace') enable_parallel_dml parallel(16) */ INTO tbl1 partition(p0, p1) SELECT t2.col1,1 FROM tbl2 partition(p0, p1) t2;
Query OK, 3 rows affected
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

obclient [test]> INSERT /*+ DIRECT(true, 0, 'inc_replace') enable_parallel_dml parallel(16) */ INTO tbl1 partition(p0, p1) SELECT t2.col1,1 FROM tbl2 partition(p0sp0_1, p1sp1_1) t2;
Query OK, 3 rows affected
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

Do not specify the Hint for the INSERT INTO SELECT statement.

Set the value of the default_load_mode parameter to INC_DIRECT_WRITE or INC_REPLACE_DIRECT_WRITE.
```
obclient [test]> ALTER SYSTEM SET default_load_mode ='INC_DIRECT_WRITE';
```
```
obclient [test]> INSERT INTO tbl1 SELECT t2.col1,t2.col3 FROM tbl1 t2;
```

Query whether data has been imported to table tbl1.

obclient [test]> SELECT * FROM tbl1;

The query result is as follows:

 +------+------+
 | col1 | col2 |
 +------+------+
 |    1 |   11 |
 |    2 |   22 |
 |    3 |   33 |
 +------+------+
 3 rows in set

The result shows that data has been imported to table tbl1.

(Optional) Check whether the data is written by direct load in the Note field of the return result of the EXPLAIN EXTENDED statement.

obclient [test]> EXPLAIN EXTENDED INSERT /*+ direct(true, 0, 'inc_replace') enable_parallel_dml parallel(16) */ INTO tbl1 SELECT t2.col1,t2.col3 FROM tbl2 t2;

The return result is as follows:

+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Query Plan                                                                                                                                                   |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ==============================================================================                                                                               |
| |ID|OPERATOR                           |NAME           |EST.ROWS|EST.TIME(us)|                                                                               |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                               |
| |0 |PX COORDINATOR                     |               |3       |27          |                                                                               |
| |1 |└─EXCHANGE OUT DISTR               |:EX10001       |3       |27          |                                                                               |
| |2 |  └─INSERT                         |               |3       |26          |                                                                               |
| |3 |    └─EXCHANGE IN DISTR            |               |3       |1           |                                                                               |
| |4 |      └─EXCHANGE OUT DISTR (RANDOM)|:EX10000       |3       |1           |                                                                               |
| |5 |        └─SUBPLAN SCAN             |ANONYMOUS_VIEW1|3       |1           |                                                                               |
| |6 |          └─PX BLOCK ITERATOR      |               |3       |1           |                                                                               |
| |7 |            └─TABLE FULL SCAN      |t2             |3       |1           |                                                                               |
| ==============================================================================                                                                               |
| Outputs & filters:                                                                                                                                           |
| -------------------------------------                                                                                                                        |
|   0 - output(nil), filter(nil), rowset=16                                                                                                                    |
|   1 - output(nil), filter(nil), rowset=16                                                                                                                    |
|       dop=16                                                                                                                                                 |
|   2 - output(nil), filter(nil)                                                                                                                               |
|       columns([{tbl1: ({tbl1: (tbl1.__pk_increment(0x7efa518277d0), tbl1.col1(0x7efa518119c0), tbl1.col3(0x7efa51811e00))})}]), partitions(p0),              |
|       column_values([T_HIDDEN_PK(0x7efa51827c10)], [column_conv(INT,PS:(11,0),NULL,ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.col1(0x7efa51826f50))(0x7efa51828030)], [column_conv(INT, |
|       PS:(11,0),NULL,ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.col3(0x7efa51827390))(0x7efa5182ff60)])                                                                                 |
|   3 - output([T_HIDDEN_PK(0x7efa51827c10)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.col1(0x7efa51826f50)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.col3(0x7efa51827390)]), filter(nil), rowset=16          |
|   4 - output([T_HIDDEN_PK(0x7efa51827c10)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.col1(0x7efa51826f50)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.col3(0x7efa51827390)]), filter(nil), rowset=16          |
|       dop=16                                                                                                                                                 |
|   5 - output([ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.col1(0x7efa51826f50)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.col3(0x7efa51827390)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                                         |
|       access([ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.col1(0x7efa51826f50)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.col3(0x7efa51827390)])                                                                 |
|   6 - output([t2.col1(0x7efa51825f10)], [t2.col3(0x7efa518267c0)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                                                                   |
|   7 - output([t2.col1(0x7efa51825f10)], [t2.col3(0x7efa518267c0)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                                                                   |
|       access([t2.col1(0x7efa51825f10)], [t2.col3(0x7efa518267c0)]), partitions(p0)                                                                           |
|       is_index_back=false, is_global_index=false,                                                                                                            |
|       range_key([t2.__pk_increment(0x7efa51856410)]), range(MIN ; MAX)always true                                                                            |
| Used Hint:                                                                                                                                                   |
| -------------------------------------                                                                                                                        |
|   /*+                                                                                                                                                        |
|                                                                                                                                                              |
|       USE_PLAN_CACHE( NONE )                                                                                                                                 |
|       PARALLEL(16)                                                                                                                                           |
|       ENABLE_PARALLEL_DML                                                                                                                                    |
|       DIRECT(TRUE, 0, 'INC_REPLACE')                                                                                                                         |
|   */                                                                                                                                                         |
| Qb name trace:                                                                                                                                               |
| -------------------------------------                                                                                                                        |
|   stmt_id:0, stmt_type:T_EXPLAIN                                                                                                                             |
|   stmt_id:1, INS$1                                                                                                                                           |
|   stmt_id:2, SEL$1                                                                                                                                           |
| Outline Data:                                                                                                                                                |
| -------------------------------------                                                                                                                        |
|   /*+                                                                                                                                                        |
|       BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA                                                                                                                                     |
|       PARALLEL(@"SEL$1" "t2"@"SEL$1" 16)                                                                                                                     |
|       FULL(@"SEL$1" "t2"@"SEL$1")                                                                                                                            |
|       USE_PLAN_CACHE( NONE )                                                                                                                                 |
|       PARALLEL(16)                                                                                                                                           |
|       ENABLE_PARALLEL_DML                                                                                                                                    |
|       OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('4.3.3.0')                                                                                                                   |
|       DIRECT(TRUE, 0, 'INC_REPLACE')                                                                                                                         |
|       END_OUTLINE_DATA                                                                                                                                       |
|   */                                                                                                                                                         |
| Optimization Info:                                                                                                                                           |
| -------------------------------------                                                                                                                        |
|   t2:                                                                                                                                                        |
|       table_rows:3                                                                                                                                           |
|       physical_range_rows:3                                                                                                                                  |
|       logical_range_rows:3                                                                                                                                   |
|       index_back_rows:0                                                                                                                                      |
|       output_rows:3                                                                                                                                          |
|       table_dop:16                                                                                                                                           |
|       dop_method:Global DOP                                                                                                                                  |
|       avaiable_index_name:[tbl2]                                                                                                                             |
|       stats info:[version=0, is_locked=0, is_expired=0]                                                                                                      |
|       dynamic sampling level:0                                                                                                                               |
|       estimation method:[DEFAULT, STORAGE]                                                                                                                   |
|   Plan Type:                                                                                                                                                 |
|       DISTRIBUTED                                                                                                                                            |
|   Note:                                                                                                                                                      |
|       Degree of Parallelism is 16 because of hint                                                                                                            |
|       Direct-mode is enabled in insert into select                                                                                                           |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
77 rows in set (0.009 sec)

Example 2: Specify partition import for a range-hash partitioned table.

The target table is a hash partitioned table. The partitioned table is range-partitioned at the top level and hash-partitioned at the lower level. Specify incremental direct load for the range partitions.

Create a table tbl1 with two partitions. The table is range-partitioned at the top level and hash-partitioned at the lower level.

obclient [test]> CREATE TABLE tbl1(col1 INT,col2 INT)
                  PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS(col1)
                     SUBPARTITION BY HASH(col2) SUBPARTITIONS 3 (
                        PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN(10),                                               
                        PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN(20));

Use direct load to import data from table tbl2 to the p0 and p1 partitions of table tbl1.

obclient [test]> insert /*+ direct(true, 0, 'inc_replace') enable_parallel_dml parallel(3) append */ into tbl1 partition(p0,p1) select * from tbl2 where col1 <20;

Example 1: Full example of incremental direct load using the INSERT INTO SELECT statement.

Use direct load to import part of the data from table tbl4 to table tbl3.

Query whether table tbl3 contains data. The result shows that the table is empty.
```
obclient [test]> SELECT * FROM tbl3;
Empty set
```

Query whether table tbl4 contains data.

obclient [test]> SELECT * FROM tbl4;

The query result shows that table tbl4 contains data.

+------+------+------+
| COL1 | COL2 | COL3 |
+------+------+------+
|    1 | a1   |   11 |
|    2 | a2   |   22 |
|    3 | a3   |   33 |
+------+------+------+
3 rows in set (0.000 sec)

Use direct load to import data from table tbl4 to table tbl3.

Specify the Hint for the INSERT INTO SELECT statement.

Do not specify partition import.

obclient [test]> INSERT /*+ direct(true, 0, 'inc_replace') enable_parallel_dml parallel(16) */ INTO tbl3 SELECT t2.col1, t2.col3 FROM tbl4 t2 WHERE ROWNUM <= 10000;
Query OK, 3 rows affected
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

(Optional) Specify partition import.

obclient [test]> INSERT /*+ DIRECT(true, 0, 'inc_replace') enable_parallel_dml parallel(16) */ INTO tbl3 partition(p0, p1) SELECT t2.col1,1 FROM tbl4 partition(p0, p1) t2;
Query OK, 3 rows affected
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

obclient [test]> INSERT /*+ DIRECT(true, 0, 'inc_replace') enable_parallel_dml parallel(16) */ INTO tbl3 partition(p0, p1) SELECT t2.col1,1 FROM tbl4 partition(p0sp0_1, p1sp1_1) t2;
Query OK, 3 rows affected
Records: 3  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

Do not specify the Hint for the INSERT INTO SELECT statement.

Set the value of the default_load_mode parameter to INC_DIRECT_WRITE or INC_REPLACE_DIRECT_WRITE.

obclient [test]> ALTER SYSTEM SET default_load_mode ='INC_DIRECT_WRITE';

obclient [test]> INSERT INTO tbl3 SELECT t2.col1, t2.col3 FROM tbl4 t2 WHERE ROWNUM <= 10000;

Query whether data has been imported to table tbl3.

obclient [test]> SELECT * FROM tbl3;

The query result is as follows:

+------+------+
| col1 | col3 |
+------+------+
|    1 |   11 |
|    2 |   22 |
|    3 |   33 |
+------+------+
3 rows in set

The result shows that data has been imported to table tbl3.

(Optional) Check whether the data is written by direct load in the Note field of the return result of the EXPLAIN EXTENDED statement.

obclient [test]> EXPLAIN EXTENDED INSERT /*+ direct(true, 0, 'inc_replace') enable_parallel_dml parallel(16) */ INTO tbl3 SELECT t2.col1,t2.col3 FROM tbl4 t2 WHERE ROWNUM <= 10000;

The return result is as follows:

```shell
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Query Plan                                                                                                                                                         |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| =========================================================================================                                                                          |
| |ID|OPERATOR                                      |NAME           |EST.ROWS|EST.TIME(us)|                                                                          |
| -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                          |
| |0 |PX COORDINATOR                                |               |3       |34          |                                                                          |
| |1 |└─EXCHANGE OUT DISTR                          |:EX10002       |3       |33          |                                                                          |
| |2 |  └─INSERT                                    |               |3       |32          |                                                                          |
| |3 |    └─EXCHANGE IN DISTR                       |               |3       |7           |                                                                          |
| |4 |      └─EXCHANGE OUT DISTR (RANDOM)           |:EX10001       |3       |7           |                                                                          |
| |5 |        └─MATERIAL                            |               |3       |3           |                                                                          |
| |6 |          └─SUBPLAN SCAN                      |ANONYMOUS_VIEW1|3       |3           |                                                                          |
| |7 |            └─LIMIT                           |               |3       |3           |                                                                          |
| |8 |              └─EXCHANGE IN DISTR             |               |3       |3           |                                                                          |
| |9 |                └─EXCHANGE OUT DISTR          |:EX10000       |3       |1           |                                                                          |
| |10|                  └─LIMIT                     |               |3       |1           |                                                                          |
| |11|                    └─PX BLOCK ITERATOR       |               |3       |1           |                                                                          |
| |12|                      └─COLUMN TABLE FULL SCAN|T2             |3       |1           |                                                                          |
| =========================================================================================                                                                          |
| Outputs & filters:                                                                                                                                                 |
| -------------------------------------                                                                                                                              |
|   0 - output(nil), filter(nil), rowset=16                                                                                                                          |
|   1 - output(nil), filter(nil), rowset=16                                                                                                                          |
|       dop=16                                                                                                                                                       |
|   2 - output(nil), filter(nil)                                                                                                                                     |
|       columns([{TBL3: ({TBL3: (TBL3.__pk_increment(0x7efaad22b0e0), TBL3.COL1(0x7efaad2123f0), TBL3.COL3(0x7efaad212830))})}]), partitions(p0),                    |
|       column_values([T_HIDDEN_PK(0x7efaad22b520)], [column_conv(NUMBER,PS:(-1,0),NULL,ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.COL1(0x7efaad22a860))(0x7efaad22b930)], [column_conv(NUMBER, |
|       PS:(-1,0),NULL,ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.COL3(0x7efaad22aca0))(0x7efaad233850)])                                                                                       |
|   3 - output([T_HIDDEN_PK(0x7efaad22b520)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.COL1(0x7efaad22a860)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.COL3(0x7efaad22aca0)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                |
|   4 - output([T_HIDDEN_PK(0x7efaad22b520)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.COL1(0x7efaad22a860)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.COL3(0x7efaad22aca0)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                |
|       is_single, dop=1                                                                                                                                             |
|   5 - output([ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.COL1(0x7efaad22a860)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.COL3(0x7efaad22aca0)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                                               |
|   6 - output([ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.COL1(0x7efaad22a860)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.COL3(0x7efaad22aca0)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                                               |
|       access([ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.COL1(0x7efaad22a860)], [ANONYMOUS_VIEW1.COL3(0x7efaad22aca0)])                                                                       |
|   7 - output([T2.COL1(0x7efaad229470)], [T2.COL3(0x7efaad229f40)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                                                                         |
|       limit(cast(FLOOR(cast(10000, NUMBER(-1, -85))(0x7efaad227ef0))(0x7efaad25ac30), BIGINT(-1, 0))(0x7efaad25b6d0)), offset(nil)                                 |
|   8 - output([T2.COL1(0x7efaad229470)], [T2.COL3(0x7efaad229f40)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                                                                         |
|   9 - output([T2.COL1(0x7efaad229470)], [T2.COL3(0x7efaad229f40)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                                                                         |
|       dop=16                                                                                                                                                       |
|  10 - output([T2.COL1(0x7efaad229470)], [T2.COL3(0x7efaad229f40)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                                                                         |
|       limit(cast(FLOOR(cast(10000, NUMBER(-1, -85))(0x7efaad227ef0))(0x7efaad25ac30), BIGINT(-1, 0))(0x7efaad25b6d0)), offset(nil)                                 |
|  11 - output([T2.COL1(0x7efaad229470)], [T2.COL3(0x7efaad229f40)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                                                                         |
|  12 - output([T2.COL1(0x7efaad229470)], [T2.COL3(0x7efaad229f40)]), filter(nil), rowset=16                                                                         |
|       access([T2.COL1(0x7efaad229470)], [T2.COL3(0x7efaad229f40)]), partitions(p0)                                                                                 |
|       limit(cast(FLOOR(cast(10000, NUMBER(-1, -85))(0x7efaad227ef0))(0x7efaad25ac30), BIGINT(-1, 0))(0x7efaad25b6d0)), offset(nil), is_index_back=false,           |
|        is_global_index=false,                                                                                                                                      |
|       range_key([T2.__pk_increment(0x7efaad25a720)]), range(MIN ; MAX)always true                                                                                  |
| Used Hint:                                                                                                                                                         |
| -------------------------------------                                                                                                                              |
|   /*+                                                                                                                                                              |
|                                                                                                                                                                    |
|       USE_PLAN_CACHE( NONE )                                                                                                                                       |
|       PARALLEL(16)                                                                                                                                                 |
|       ENABLE_PARALLEL_DML                                                                                                                                          |
|       DIRECT(TRUE, 0, 'INC_REPLACE')                                                                                                                               |
|   */                                                                                                                                                               |
| Qb name trace:                                                                                                                                                     |
| -------------------------------------                                                                                                                              |
|   stmt_id:0, stmt_type:T_EXPLAIN                                                                                                                                   |
|   stmt_id:1, INS$1                                                                                                                                                 |
|   stmt_id:2, SEL$1                                                                                                                                                 |
|   stmt_id:3, parent:SEL$1  > SEL$658037CB > SEL$DCAFFB86                                                                                                           |
| Outline Data:                                                                                                                                                      |
| -------------------------------------                                                                                                                              |
|   /*+                                                                                                                                                              |
|       BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA                                                                                                                                           |
|       PARALLEL(@"SEL$DCAFFB86" "T2"@"SEL$1" 16)                                                                                                                    |
|       FULL(@"SEL$DCAFFB86" "T2"@"SEL$1")                                                                                                                           |
|       USE_COLUMN_TABLE(@"SEL$DCAFFB86" "T2"@"SEL$1")                                                                                                               |
|       MERGE(@"SEL$658037CB" < "SEL$1")                                                                                                                             |
|       USE_PLAN_CACHE( NONE )                                                                                                                                       |
|       PARALLEL(16)                                                                                                                                                 |
|       ENABLE_PARALLEL_DML                                                                                                                                          |
|       OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('4.3.3.0')                                                                                                                         |
|       DIRECT(TRUE, 0, 'INC_REPLACE')                                                                                                                               |
|       END_OUTLINE_DATA                                                                                                                                             |
|   */                                                                                                                                                               |
| Optimization Info:                                                                                                                                                 |
| -------------------------------------                                                                                                                              |
|   T2:                                                                                                                                                              |
|       table_rows:3                                                                                                                                                 |
|       physical_range_rows:3                                                                                                                                        |
|       logical_range_rows:3                                                                                                                                         |
|       index_back_rows:0                                                                                                                                            |
|       output_rows:3                                                                                                                                                |
|       table_dop:16                                                                                                                                                 |
|       dop_method:Global DOP                                                                                                                                        |
|       avaiable_index_name:[TBL4]                                                                                                                                   |
|       stats info:[version=0, is_locked=0, is_expired=0]                                                                                                            |
|       dynamic sampling level:0                                                                                                                                     |
|       estimation method:[DEFAULT, STORAGE]                                                                                                                         |
|   Plan Type:                                                                                                                                                       |
|       DISTRIBUTED                                                                                                                                                  |
|   Note:                                                                                                                                                            |
|       Degree of Parallelism is 16 because of hint                                                                                                                  |
|       Direct-mode is enabled in insert into select                                                                                                                 |
|   Expr Constraints:                                                                                                                                                |
|       cast(FLOOR(cast(10000, NUMBER(-1, -85))), BIGINT(-1, 0)) >= 1 result is TRUE                                                                                 |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
96 rows in set (0.007 sec)

Example 2: Load data by bypassing the primary partitions of a RANGE-HASH partitioned table.

In this example, tbl1 is a RANGE-HASH partitioned table whose partitions are in range and hash partitioning modes. Data is loaded by bypassing the primary partitions.

Create a RANGE-HASH partitioned table tbl1 that has two partitions. Primary partitions are in range partitioning mode and hash partitioning mode, respectively. In this example, data is loaded by bypassing the primary partitions.

obclient [test]> CREATE TABLE tbl1_1 (
                     col1 INT,
                     col2 INT
                  )
                  PARTITION BY RANGE (col1)   
                  SUBPARTITION BY HASH (col2)
                  SUBPARTITION TEMPLATE (     
                     SUBPARTITION sp1,
                     SUBPARTITION sp2,
                     SUBPARTITION sp3
                  )
                  (
                     PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (10),
                     PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (20)  
                  );

Use direct load to import data from table tbl2 to partitions p0 and p1 of table tbl1.

obclient [test]> insert /*+ direct(true, 0, 'inc_replace') enable_parallel_dml parallel(3) append */ into tbl1 partition(p0,p1) select * from tbl2 where col1 <20;

Use the CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement to perform direct load

The CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement specifies the direct load mode by using the DIRECT() and PARALLE() hints. If no hint is specified, the import mode is determined based on the default_load_mode parameter.

Syntax

CREATE /*+ [DIRECT(need_sort,max_error,{'inc'|'inc_replace'})] parallel(N) */ TABLE table_name [AS] select_sentence

For more information about the CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement, see CREATE TABLE (MySQL-compatible mode) and CREATE TABLE (Oracle-compatible mode).

Parameters:

Parameter Description

DIRECT()

Parameter	Description
DIRECT()	Specifies the direct load mode by using the hint. `DIRECT()` specifies the following parameters: `need_sort`: specifies whether to sort the data. The value is of the `bool` type. `true`: indicates that the data needs to be sorted. `false`: indicates that the data does not need to be sorted. `max_error`: specifies the maximum number of errors that can be tolerated. The value is of the `INT` type. If the number of errors exceeds this value, the import task fails. `inc\|inc_replace`: specifies the incremental direct load mode. The value must be enclosed in single quotation marks. `inc`: indicates incremental direct load. It checks whether the primary key is duplicated and supports the `INSERT` and `IGNORE` semantics. `inc_replace`: indicates incremental direct load. It does not check whether the primary key is duplicated, which is equivalent to the `REPLACE` semantics. Notice When the `load_mode` parameter is set to `inc_replace`, the `REPLACE` or `IGNORE` keyword cannot be specified in the `LOAD DATA` statement.
parallel(N)	The parallelism for data loading. This parameter is required. The value is an integer greater than 1.

Specifies the direct load mode by using the hint. DIRECT() specifies the following parameters:

need_sort: specifies whether to sort the data. The value is of the bool type.
- true: indicates that the data needs to be sorted.
- false: indicates that the data does not need to be sorted.
max_error: specifies the maximum number of errors that can be tolerated. The value is of the INT type. If the number of errors exceeds this value, the import task fails.
inc|inc_replace: specifies the incremental direct load mode. The value must be enclosed in single quotation marks.
- inc: indicates incremental direct load. It checks whether the primary key is duplicated and supports the INSERT and IGNORE semantics.
- inc_replace: indicates incremental direct load. It does not check whether the primary key is duplicated, which is equivalent to the REPLACE semantics.

Notice

When the load_mode parameter is set to inc_replace, the REPLACE or IGNORE keyword cannot be specified in the LOAD DATA statement.

parallel(N) The parallelism for data loading. This parameter is required. The value is an integer greater than 1.

Examples

MySQL-compatible mode

Oracle-compatible mode

Use direct load to import data from table tbl1 to another table.

Create table tbl1.

obclient [test]> CREATE TABLE tbl1(c1 int);

Insert data into table tbl1.

obclient [test]> INSERT INTO tbl1 VALUES (1),(2),(3);

Query the data in table tbl1.

obclient [test]> SELECT * FROM tbl1;

The query result is as follows:

+------+
| c1   |
+------+
|    1 |
|    2 |
|    3 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.027 sec)

Use direct load to import data from table tbl1 to table tbl2.
- Specify the hint for the CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement.
  - Use the inc hint to perform direct load.
```
obclient [test]> CREATE /*+ direct(true, 0, 'inc') parallel(4) */ TABLE tbl2 AS SELECT * FROM tbl1;
```
  - Use the inc_replace hint to perform direct load.
```
obclient [test]> CREATE /*+ direct(true, 0, 'inc_replace') parallel(4) */ TABLE tbl2 AS SELECT * FROM tbl1;
```
- Do not specify the hint for the CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement.
  
  Set the value of the default_load_mode parameter to INC_DIRECT_WRITE or INC_REPLACE_DIRECT_WRITE.
```
obclient [test]> ALTER SYSTEM SET default_load_mode ='INC_DIRECT_WRITE';
```
```
obclient [test]> CREATE TABLE tbl2 AS SELECT * FROM tbl1;
```
Verify whether data has been imported into the tbl2 table.
```
obclient [test]> SELECT * FROM tbl2;
```
The query result is as follows:
```
+------+
| c1   |
+------+
|    1 |
|    3 |
|    2 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.050 sec)
```
The result indicates that data has been imported into the tbl2 table.

Import data from the tbl1 table to another table by using direct load mode.

Create the tbl1 table.

obclient [SYS]> CREATE TABLE tbl1(c1 int);

Insert data into the tbl1 table.

obclient [SYS]> INSERT INTO tbl1 VALUES (1),(2),(3);

Query the data in the tbl1 table.

obclient [SYS]> SELECT * FROM tbl1;

The query result is as follows:

+------+
| C1   |
+------+
|    1 |
|    2 |
|    3 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.045 sec)

Import data from the tbl1 table to the tbl2 table by using direct load mode.
- Specify the hint for the CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement.
  - Use the inc hint to import data by using direct load mode.
```
obclient [SYS]> CREATE /*+ direct(true, 0, 'inc') parallel(4) */ TABLE tbl2 AS SELECT * FROM tbl1;
```
  - Use the inc_replace hint to import data by using direct load mode.
```
obclient [SYS]> CREATE /*+ direct(true, 0, 'inc_replace') parallel(4) */ TABLE tbl2 AS SELECT * FROM tbl1;
```
- Do not specify the hint for the CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement.
  
  Set the value of the default_load_mode parameter to INC_DIRECT_WRITE or INC_REPLACE_DIRECT_WRITE.
```
obclient [SYS]> ALTER SYSTEM SET default_load_mode ='INC_DIRECT_WRITE';
```
```
obclient [SYS]> CREATE TABLE tbl2 AS SELECT * FROM tbl1;
```
Verify whether data has been imported into the tbl2 table.
```
obclient [SYS]> SELECT * FROM tbl2;
```
The query result is as follows:
```
+------+
| C1   |
+------+
|    3 |
|    2 |
|    1 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.013 sec)
```
The result indicates that data has been imported into the tbl2 table.

Incremental direct load

Considerations

Use the LOAD DATA statement to perform direct load

Limitations

Syntax

Note

Notice

Note

Note

Example

Note

Note

Notice

Note

Notice

Use the INSERT INTO SELECT statement to import data

Limitations

Syntax

Note

Examples

Use the CREATE TABLE AS SELECT statement to perform direct load

Syntax

Notice

Examples

References