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A unified distributed database ready for your transactional, analytical, and AI workloads.

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Start on Cloud

OceanBase

A unified distributed database ready for your transactional, analytical, and AI workloads.

Product Overview
DEPLOY YOUR WAY

OceanBase Cloud

The best way to deploy and scale OceanBase

OceanBase Enterprise

Run and manage OceanBase on your infra

TRY OPEN SOURCE

OceanBase Community Edition

The free, open-source distributed database

OceanBase seekdb

Open source AI native search database

Customer Stories

Real-world success stories from enterprises across diverse industries.

View All
BY USE CASES

Mission-Critical Transactions

Global & Multicloud Application

Elastic Scaling for Peak Traffic

Real-time Analytics

Active Geo-redundancy

Database Consolidation

Comprehensive knowledge hub for OceanBase.

Blog

Live Demos

Training & Certification

Documentation

Official technical guides, tutorials, API references, and manuals for all OceanBase products.

View All
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OceanBase Database

SQL - V4.2.5

  • What is OceanBase Database
    • Compatibility with MySQL
    • Overview
    • Differences between Enterprise Edition and Community Edition
    • Limitations
    • System architecture
    • Compatibility with Oracle
      • Overview
      • System views
      • SQL data types
      • Built-in functions
  • Get Started
    • Quick start with OceanBase Database Community Edition
    • Try out advanced features of OceanBase Database
      • Scalable OLTP
        • Try out the hot row update capability of OceanBase Database
        • Run the TPC-C benchmark in OceanBase Database
      • Try out operational OLAP
      • Try out parallel import and data compression
      • Try out the multi-tenant feature
    • Build a sample application (Oracle mode)
      • Build a C application
      • Build a Java application
    • Build a sample application (MySQL mode)
      • Build a Python application
      • Build a Java application
      • Build a C application
      • Build a Go application
    • Learn OceanBase SQL
      • Basic SQL operations (Oracle mode)
      • Basic SQL operations (MySQL mode)
      • Before you begin
  • Develop
    • Develop applications (Oracle mode)
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • Spring Boot
          • MyBatis
          • JFinal
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • Spring Data JPA
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Hibernate
          • Spring Batch
        • C/C++
          • OceanBase Connector/C
          • SqlSugar
          • OceanBase Connector/ODBC
      • Read data
        • Set operations
        • Single-table queries
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Join tables
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Lateral derived table
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • Subqueries
          • FULL JOIN queries
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use CASE functions in queries
          • Use the SELECT...FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Overview
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Use database connection pool
          • c3p0
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • DBCP
          • HikariCP
          • Druid
          • Proxool
          • Tomcat
          • Commons Pool
      • Application errors
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Transaction timed out, with Error ORA-00600 reported
          • Idle transaction timed out, with Error ORA-24761 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with Error ORA-00001 reported
          • Table does not exist, with Error ORA-04043 reported
          • Inconsistent data types, with Error ORA-00932 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Table already exists, with Error ORA-00955 reported
          • Error ORA-00600 reported in foreign key addition
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • Error handling specifications for Oracle-compatible applications
          • About error codes
      • Write data
        • Insert data
        • Update data
        • Replace data
        • Delete data
      • Transactions
        • Overview
        • Roll back a transaction
        • Commit a transaction
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
          • Mark a savepoint
      • Plan database objects
        • Create a table
        • Create an index
        • Create an external table
        • Create a table group
    • Develop applications (MySQL mode)
      • Write data
        • Delete data
        • Update data
        • Insert data
        • Replace data
      • Connect to OceanBase Database
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using OBClient
        • Connect to an OceanBase tenant by using the mysql client
        • Connect to OceanBase Database by using ODC
        • Overview
        • Use database connection pool
          • Configuration example of JDBC connections
          • HikariCP
          • Proxool
          • DBCP
          • Commons Pool
          • Druid
          • Database connection pool configuration
          • Tomcat
          • c3p0
      • Sample applications
        • Java
          • Spring Data JDBC
          • Spring Boot
          • Spring Data JPA
          • MyBatis
          • Spring Batch
          • Hibernate
        • Python
          • PyMySQL
          • mysqlclient
        • Go
          • GORM
          • Go-SQL-Driver/MySQL
      • Read data
        • Use a DBLink in queries
        • Single-table queries
        • Set operations
        • Use operators and functions in queries
          • Use aggregate functions in queries
          • Use numerical functions in queries
          • Use the SELECT ... LOCK IN SHARE MODE statement to lock query results
          • Use the CASE conditional operator in queries
          • Use type conversion functions in queries
          • Use datetime functions in queries
          • Use arithmetic operators in queries
          • Use string functions in queries
          • Use string concatenation operators in queries
          • Use NULL-related functions in queries
          • Use the SELECT ... FOR UPDATE statement to lock query results
        • Join tables
          • RIGHT JOIN queries
          • Lateral derived table
          • Subqueries
          • LEFT JOIN queries
          • INNER JOIN queries
          • FULL JOIN queries
      • Application errors
        • Common errors and troubleshooting practices
          • Table does not exist, with ERROR 1146 reported
          • Data truncated while being inserted, with ERROR 1265 reported
          • Incorrect user password, with ERROR 1045 reported
          • Transaction timed out, with ERROR 4012 reported
          • User locked, with ERROR 3118 reported
          • Idle transaction timed out, with ERROR 6002 reported
          • Table already exists, with ERROR 1050 reported
          • Duplicate data inserted, with ERROR 1062 reported
          • Disconnected from the server, with ERROR 2013 reported
          • ERROR 1215 reported in foreign key addition
        • Troubleshooting guidelines
          • About error codes
          • Error handling for MySQL-compatible applications
      • Plan database objects
        • Create an external table
        • Create an index
        • Create a table group
        • Create a database
        • Create a table
      • Transactions
        • Roll back a transaction
        • Commit a transaction
        • Overview
        • Start a transaction
        • Savepoints
          • Mark a savepoint
          • Release a savepoint
          • Roll back a transaction to a savepoint
  • Deploy
    • Clear an OceanBase cluster
    • Overview
    • HA deployment solutions for OceanBase clusters
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Deployment process
      • Deploy through GUI
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using OCP
          • Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using OCP
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using OCP
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using OCP
        • Deploy OCP
          • Deploy OCP
          • Create MetaDB
          • Upload installation packages
          • Overview
        • Configure deployment environment using OAT
          • Add a server
      • Deploy through CLI
        • (Optional) Deploy ODP
        • Configure deployment environment
          • Initialize an OBServer node by using oatcli
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
        • Deploy OceanBase clusters using CLI
          • Deploy a standalone OceanBase database by using the CLI
          • Deploy a two-replica OceanBase cluster with the arbitration service by using the CLI
          • Deploy a three-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
          • Deploy a single-replica OceanBase cluster by using the CLI
      • Before deployment
        • Deploy OAT
        • Prepare installation packages
        • Configure servers
        • Prepare servers
    • Deploy OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Overview
      • Deploy an OceanBase cluster in a Kubernetes environment
      • Deploy locally
        • Deploy OceanBase Database in a production environment by using the CLI
        • Software and hardware requirements
        • Deploy OceanBase Database by using systemd
        • Before deployment
          • (Optional) Check resources
          • (Optional) Set password-free SSH login
          • (Optional) Configure the clock source
          • (Optional) Perform disk planning
          • (Optional) Configure limits.conf
          • (Optional) Configure sysctl.conf
          • (Optional) Disable the firewall and SELinux
          • (Optional) Create a user
        • Deploy through GUI
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of OCP
          • Deploy an OceanBase cluster through the GUI of obd
  • Upgrade
    • Upgrade OceanBase Database Enterprise Edition
      • Upgrade overview
      • Upgrade the arbitration service
      • Upgrade an OceanBase cluster
      • Check the status after the upgrade
    • Upgrade OceanBase Database Community Edition
      • Upgrade OceanBase Database by using obd
  • Migrate
    • Import data from SQL files to OceanBase Database
    • Overview
    • Migrate from Oracle databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from an Oracle database to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to MySQL databases
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use OMS to migrate incremental data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Flink CDC to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a MySQL database
    • Bypass import
      • Use the INSERT INTO SELECT statement to import data in direct load mode
      • Use the LOAD DATA statement to import data in direct load mode
      • Overview
    • Migrate data between OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from a MySQL tenant to an Oracle tenant in OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an OceanBase tenant to another of the same type in active-active disaster recovery scenarios
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between Oracle tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data between MySQL tenants in OceanBase Database
      • Use obloader & obdumper to migrate data from an Oracle tenant to a MySQL tenant in OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from PostgreSQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a PostgreSQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from MySQL databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use Flink CDC to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use mydumper and myloader to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use ChunJun to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use CloudCanal to migrate data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
      • Use Canal to synchronize data from a MySQL database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from CSV files to OceanBase Database
      • Use the LOAD DATA statement to import data
      • Use DataX to migrate CSV files to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to Oracle databases
      • Use DBCAT to migrate schemas from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use DataX to migrate table data from OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to an Oracle database
    • Migrate from DB2 databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a DB2 LUW database to an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database
      • Use DBCAT to migrate table schemas from a DB2 LUW database to OceanBase Database
    • Migrate data using SQL statements
      • Use the `SELECT INTO OUTFILE` statement to export data
      • Migrate resource units
      • Migrate data between tables
    • Migrate from OceanBase Database to DB2 databases
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from an Oracle tenant of OceanBase Database to a DB2 LUW database
    • Migrate from TiDB databases to OceanBase Database
      • Use OMS to migrate data from a TiDB database to a MySQL tenant of OceanBase Database
  • Manage
    • Log in to an OceanBase tenant
    • Manage replicas
      • Traffic distribution
      • Data distribution
      • Overview
      • Replica distribution
        • Locality
        • Common locality operations
          • Modify the number of Paxos replicas of a log stream
          • View locality
          • Adjust the distribution of replicas
          • Cancel a replica task
          • Remove replicas
          • Convert the type of a replica
          • Add replicas
          • View the locality change history
          • Migrate replicas
          • Modify locality
      • Data load balancing
        • Cancel a load balancing job
        • Transfer a partition
        • Cancel a partition transfer task
        • Overview
        • Partition balancing
          • Query the scheduling history of the scheduled partition balancing job
          • Query partition balancing jobs and tasks in the background
          • Query the history of partition balancing jobs and tasks in the background
          • Manually trigger a partition balancing job
          • View the parameters of the scheduled partition balancing job
          • Configure the scheduled partition balancing job
    • Daily inspection
      • Deadlock detection
      • Overview
      • Check tenant resource usage
      • Check cluster parameters
      • Check cluster resource usage
      • Check the host status
      • Check the NTP offset
      • Check the OBServer node status
      • End-to-end tracing
        • Show end-to-end tracing information
        • Process
        • Methods
        • Overview
        • Quick start: End-to-end diagnosis with obdiag
    • Security and permissions
      • Overview
      • Access control
        • Network security access control
        • Row-level access control
        • RPC connection authentication
        • Overview
        • Users and permissions
          • Overview
          • MySQL mode
            • Privilege delegation
            • Drop a user
            • Create a user
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Revoke privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Grant indirect privileges
            • Privilege types in MySQL mode
            • Manage roles
              • Grant privileges to a role
              • Revoke privileges from a role
              • View roles
              • Activate a role
              • Revoke a role from a user or another role
              • Overview
              • Grant a role to a user or another role
              • Create a role
              • Drop a role
          • Oracle mode
            • Privilege types in Oracle mode
            • Use a proxy user
            • Revoke privileges
            • Indirect privileges
            • View user privileges
            • Create a user
            • Privilege delegation
            • View the information of a user
            • Grant direct privileges
            • Drop a user
            • Lock or unlock a user
            • Manage roles
              • View roles
              • Create a role
              • Grant a role to a user
              • Overview
              • Activate or deactivate roles for a user
              • Revoke a role
              • Drop a role
              • Modify a role
              • Grant a role to another role
      • Security audit
        • Overview
        • MySQL mode
          • Disable security audit
          • View audit records
          • Enable security audit
          • Set audit rules
        • Oracle mode
          • Audit specified database objects
          • Audit user login operations
          • Set and view audit rules
          • View audit records
      • Identification and authentication
        • MySQL mode
          • Password complexity
          • Identity authentication
          • Login failure handling
        • Oracle mode
          • Identity authentication
          • Password complexity
          • Login failure handling
      • Transparent data encryption
        • Overview
        • Oracle mode
          • Decrypt a table
          • Enable TDE for existing tables
          • Enable TDE for new tables
        • MySQL mode
          • Enable TDE for existing tables
          • Decrypt a table
          • Enable TDE for new tables
      • Data transmission encryption
        • ODP transmission encryption
        • OBServer node transmission encryption
        • Overview
    • High availability
      • Flashback queries
      • High availability overview
      • Physical standby database disaster recovery
        • Limitations
        • Overview
        • Log storage service
        • Drop primary and standby tenants
        • Log transmission service
          • Pause or resume log synchronization
          • View the log synchronization progress
          • Overview
          • Specify log compression
          • Optimize the log synchronization performance
          • Set the log synchronization bandwidth limit
          • View the log restore source
          • Configure log transmission service
            • Specify a log restore source
            • Specify a log restore endpoint
        • Switch roles
          • Switchover
          • Overview of tenant roles
          • Failover
        • Create a standby tenant
          • Create a standby tenant by using the BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG feature
          • Create a standby tenant by using the backup and restore (with complete logs) feature
          • Create an empty standby tenant
          • Preparations
      • Multi-replica disaster recovery
        • Disaster recovery architecture and levels
        • ODP high availability
        • Database-level high availability
        • Data link introduction
      • Arbitration high availability
        • Enable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Remove the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Disable the arbitration service for a tenant
        • Query log stream upgrade/downgrade information
        • Replace the arbitration service for a cluster
        • Clear residual cluster information
        • Overview
        • Modify the log stream downgrade control time
      • Manage recycle bin
        • Purge the recycle bin
        • Overview
        • Enable or disable the recycle bin
        • Restore objects from the recycle bin
        • View objects in the recycle bin
    • Manage clusters
      • Cluster parameters
      • Overview
      • Common cluster operations
        • Delete a zone
        • Isolate a zone
        • Add a zone
        • Restart a node
        • Delete a node
        • Modify a zone
        • Modify cluster parameters
        • Isolate a node
        • Online upgrade from standalone deployment to distributed deployment
        • View cluster parameters
        • View a zone
        • Add a node
        • Start a zone
        • View a node
        • Replace a node
      • Troubleshoot common problems
        • Failures of a minority of nodes
        • Failures of the majority of nodes
    • Performance tunning
      • Identify bottlenecks on a link
      • Overview
      • SQL tunning
        • Locate and analyze slow queries II
        • Locate and analyze slow queries I
        • Typical scenarios and cases
        • SQL tuning system
        • Execution plan optimization
          • Plan management
            • Disadvantages of the plan cache and countermeasures
            • Plan cache
            • Views related to the plan cache
          • Statistical information and row estimation
            • Overview
            • Use statistical information and row estimation
            • Statistical information
              • Query statistics
              • Overview
              • Manage statistical information
                • Overview
                • Lock statistics
                • Configure statistics collection strategies
                • Query historical versions of statistics and roll back to a specified version
                • Delete and set statistics
                • Import and export statistics
              • Collect statistical information
                • Automatically collect statistics
                • Overview
                • Manually collect statistics
            • Row estimation
              • Row estimation based on the selectivity
              • Overview
              • Row estimation based on the storage layer
          • Join order and join algorithm
            • Join order
            • Join types
            • Joins
            • Join algorithm
              • Nested loop joins
              • Common business issues
              • Hash joins
              • Merge joins
          • Index selection
            • Reduce row reads
            • Avoid sorting
            • Overview
            • Avoid table access by index primary key
          • Order and limit optimization
            • Overview
            • Optimization in ORDER BY + LIMIT scenarios
            • SORT assignment and optimization
        • Business logic optimization
          • Schema specifications
          • SQL specifications
      • Identify bottlenecks within components
        • ODP performance bottlenecks
        • ODP performance analysis
        • OBServer performance bottlenecks
          • Overview
          • Capacity issues
          • Hard parsing
          • Internal wait events
          • Non-optimal plan
            • Suboptimal plans
            • Cardinality
            • Buffer tables
    • Manage tenants
      • User tenant introduction
      • Tenant system variables
      • Tenant capacity
      • Tenant types
      • Tenant introduction
      • Common tenant operations
        • Rename a tenant
        • Drop a tenant
        • Lock and unlock a tenant
        • Modify attributes of a tenant
        • Query tenant and resource information
        • Cancel tenant cloning
        • Modify attributes of a resource pool
        • Create a tenant
        • View and set the tenant allowlist
        • Modify system variables of a tenant
        • Clone a tenant
        • Restore a tenant
        • View system variables of a tenant
        • Manage services
          • Create a service
          • Delete a service
          • Query the service status
          • Stop a service
          • Start a service
        • Manage unit configs
          • Query unit configs
          • Modify a unit config
          • Drop a unit config
        • Scale in/out
          • Modify the unit config for a tenant
          • Modify the number of primary zones for a tenant
          • Introduction to scaling in/out
          • Plan resources
          • Modify the number of resource units for a tenant
        • Resource isolation
          • Overview
          • Manage resource isolation (MySQL mode)
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Delete a resource group
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Clear cgroup configurations
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Update a plan directive
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
            • Configure cgroups
            • Calibrate the disk performance
          • Manage resource isolation (Oracle mode)
            • Configure global CPU resource isolation for foreground and background tasks
            • Update a plan directive
            • Configure cgroups
            • Delete a resource management plan
            • Configure resource isolation within a tenant
            • Delete a plan directive
            • Clear cgroup configurations
            • Calibrate the disk performance
            • Delete a resource group
        • Manage resource pools
          • Drop a resource pool
          • Merge and split resource pools
          • View resource pool information
          • Remove resource pools from a tenant
          • Allocate a resource pool to a tenant
    • Backup and restore
      • Introduction to physical backup and restore
      • Experience physical backup and restore with simplified deployment
      • Deploy NFS
      • Clear backup data
        • Stop backup cleanup
        • Backup cleanup parameter
        • Query the backup cleanup history
        • Query the backup cleanup progress
        • Views related to backup cleanup
        • Automatically clean up expired backup data
      • Log archive
        • Overview
        • Disable ARCHIVELOG
        • Change the log archive destination
        • View information about pieces
        • Views related to log archiving
        • View the archiving progress
        • Preparations
        • Clear the archive path setting
        • View the archiving history
        • Suspend archiving
        • View archiving parameter settings
        • Enable ARCHIVELOG
      • Restore data
        • Perform restore from the specified paths
        • Replay logs to a standby tenant
        • Parameters related to physical restore
        • Views related to physical restore
        • Convert a standby tenant into primary tenant
        • Cancel physical restore
        • Preparations
        • Upgrade a tenant after restore
        • View the physical restore progress
        • View physical restore results
        • Perform physical restore
      • Data backup
        • Views related to data backup
        • View data backup parameter settings
        • Change the backup destination
        • Preparations
        • View the data backup history
        • Initiate an incremental data backup job
        • Initiate a full data backup job
        • Stop a backup job
        • Back up parameters
        • View the data backup progress
      • Restore by table
        • Preparations
        • Parameters related to table restore
        • View the table restore result
        • Views related to table restore
        • View the table restore progress
        • Perform table restore
        • Cancel table restore
    • Emergency response
      • Emergency response overview
      • Analysis, diagnosis, and decision-making procedure
      • Common emergency problem handling
        • Hardware issues
          • Other hardware and network issues
          • Node failure
          • ODP failure
          • Network failure
        • Capacity issues
          • Node data disk full
          • obproxy thread exhaustion
          • Exceptions of SQL queries
          • Tenant memory full
          • Node network card overload
          • Tenant request queue backlog
          • Node disk I/O high
          • Node clog disk full
        • Other cluster issues
          • Insufficiency or leakage of system memory
          • sys tenant or RootService exceptions
    • Monitor
      • Overview
      • Cases
      • Metrics
        • SQL monitoring
          • Overview
          • SQL audit
          • Execution plans
        • System monitoring
          • Wait events
          • Metrics
          • Latch events
          • Overview
    • Troubleshooting
      • Bootstrap
      • Log synchronization-related errors
      • Overview
      • Arbitration server process startup failures
      • Physical standby database
        • Other issues
        • Switchover and failover issues
        • Log synchronization stuck for the physical standby database
      • Backup and restore
        • Physical restore failures
        • Data backup failures
      • Transaction
        • Suspended transaction
        • Long-running transaction
        • Transaction-related errors
        • Transaction rollbacks
        • Idle transactions
      • Election
        • Leader switchover exceptions
        • Absence of the leader
        • Election
      • Storage
        • Migration, replication, and rebuild tasks
        • Minor compaction and major compaction
        • Memory-related errors
    • Logs
      • Log levels
      • Log compression and decompression
      • Alert logs
      • Log metrics
      • Log control
      • Overview
      • Log stability
      • View logs
        • Query the log of a previous SQL request by using the SQL Trace feature
        • Search for the logs of a specific SQL request
  • OBKV
    • Architecture
    • Overview
    • OBKV-HBase
      • FAQ
      • Compatibility with HBase
      • Deployment
      • Overview
      • Views
      • Core features
      • Performance test
      • Use OBKV-HBase
        • Connect to a cluster by using the OBKV-HBase client
        • Overview
        • Data model design
        • Data operation examples
        • Data model
        • Delete expired data
      • OBKV-HBase management
        • Security and permissions
        • Monitoring metrics
        • Overview
        • High availability
      • OBKV-HBase integration
        • Synchronize data to OBKV-HBase by using Flink
    • OBKV-Table
      • FAQ
      • Use the OBKV-Table GO client
        • Use the OBKV-Table Go client to connect to a cluster
        • Overview of the Go client
        • Individual API operations
        • Batch operations
        • Filters
        • Aggregation API
        • About queries
      • Use the OBKV-Table Java client
        • Use the OBKV-Table Java client
        • Set client parameters
        • Supported client interfaces
        • Use the OBKV-Table Java client to connect to a cluster
      • Introduction
        • Differences between replace and insert_or_update
        • Supported value types
        • OBKV-Table data models
        • Overview
        • OBKV-Table operation types
  • Reference
    • System views
      • System views overview
      • Changes in views in OceanBase Database V3.x and V4.x
      • Common statistical events
      • General wait events
      • Overview
      • Oracle tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • DBA_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPES
          • DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • ALL_PART_INDEXES
          • ALL_IND_STATISTICS
          • DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • DBA_OBJ_AUDIT_OPTS
          • ALL_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_TYPE_METHODS
          • ALL_CONS_COLUMNS
          • ALL_TRIGGERS
          • DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • USER_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • USER_ERRORS
          • DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • USER_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • USER_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • USER_COL_COMMENTS
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • DBA_ROLES
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • USER_DEPENDENCIES
          • STMT_AUDIT_OPTION_MAP
          • ALL_VIEWS
          • ALL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • USER_OBJECTS
          • DBA_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • USER_SEGMENTS
          • USER_SEQUENCES
          • USER_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • DBA_STMT_AUDIT_OPTS
          • DBA_INDEXES
          • ALL_ALL_TABLES
          • DBA_PLSQL_TYPE_ATTRS
          • ALL_OBJECTS
          • ALL_PLSQL_TYPES
          • DBA_DEPENDENCIES
          • DBA_TABLES
          • DBA_CONS_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • ALL_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • USER_IND_STATISTICS
          • ALL_METHOD_PARAMS
          • DBA_TABLESPACES
          • DBA_SEQUENCES
          • DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • USER_TABLESPACES
          • DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • ALL_PART_TABLES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_TABLES
          • DBA_PLSQL_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_OBJECTS
          • DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • USER_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_JOBS_RUNNING
          • DBA_AUDIT_EXISTS
          • DBA_PROCEDURES
          • ALL_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • USER_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • ALL_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • ALL_DIRECTORIES
          • DBA_TYPE_ATTRS
          • PROXY_USERS
          • USER_IND_PARTITIONS
          • USER_VIEWS
          • DBA_AUDIT_STATEMENT
          • DBA_AUDIT_SESSION
          • DBA_SEGMENTS
          • USER_TABLES
          • DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • ALL_IND_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_DEPENDENCIES
          • USER_AUDIT_TRAIL
          • ALL_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • ALL_COLL_TYPES
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • USER_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • DBA_ERRORS
          • USER_PART_TABLES
          • DBA_PLSQL_TYPES
          • DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • DBA_TRIGGERS
          • ALL_PROCEDURES
          • DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • ALL_INDEXES
          • USER_TRIGGERS
          • AUDIT_ACTIONS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • ALL_IND_EXPRESSIONS
          • ALL_SEQUENCES
          • ALL_TAB_STATISTICS
          • USER_PART_INDEXES
          • DBA_COL_COMMENTS
          • DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • USER_CONS_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • USER_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • ALL_DEF_AUDIT_OPTS
          • USER_AUDIT_OBJECT
          • DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • ALL_ERRORS
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • USER_PROCEDURES
          • DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • ALL_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • DBA_PART_TABLES
          • USER_COLL_TYPES
          • NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
          • DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • DBA_METHOD_PARAMS
          • ALL_ARGUMENTS
          • DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_VIEWS
          • ALL_COL_COMMENTS
          • DBA_DIRECTORIES
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • USER_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • USER_INDEXES
          • DBA_OB_SOURCE
          • ALL_OB_SOURCE
          • USER_OB_SOURCE
          • DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • USER_AUDIT_SESSION
          • DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • DBA_OB_PL_OBJ_CACHE_STATUS
          • DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • ALL_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_POLICIES
          • DBA_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • DBA_POLICY_GROUPS
          • DBA_PROFILES
          • DBA_RECYCLEBIN
          • DBA_ROLE_PRIVS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM
          • DBA_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • DBA_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • DBA_SOURCE
          • DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • DBA_SYNONYMS
          • DBA_SYS_PRIVS
          • DBA_TAB_COLS
          • DBA_TAB_COLUMNS
          • DBA_TAB_COMMENTS
          • DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • DBA_TAB_PRIVS
          • DBA_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • DBA_TYPE_METHODS
          • DBA_TYPES
          • DBA_USERS
          • DBMS_LOCK_ALLOCATED
          • DICT
          • DICTIONARY
          • NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
          • NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
          • ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
          • ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
          • ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_GLOBAL_VARIABLE
          • TENANT_VIRTUAL_SESSION_VARIABLE
          • USER_ALL_TABLES
          • USER_ARGUMENTS
          • USER_COL_PRIVS
          • USER_CONSTRAINTS
          • USER_DB_LINKS
          • USER_IND_COLUMNS
          • ALL_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_JOBS
          • USER_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_POLICIES
          • USER_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_POLICY_GROUPS
          • USER_PROFILES
          • USER_RECYCLEBIN
          • USER_ROLE_PRIVS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • USER_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • USER_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • ALL_POLICIES
          • USER_SOURCE
          • USER_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • USER_SYNONYMS
          • USER_SYS_PRIVS
          • USER_TAB_COLS
          • ALL_POLICY_CONTEXTS
          • USER_TAB_COLUMNS
          • USER_TAB_COMMENTS
          • USER_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • USER_TAB_PRIVS
          • ALL_POLICY_GROUPS
          • USER_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • USER_TYPE_METHODS
          • USER_TYPES
          • USER_USERS
          • ALL_PROFILES
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
          • ALL_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
          • ALL_SEC_RELEVANT_COLS
          • ALL_SOURCE
          • ALL_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • ALL_SYNONYMS
          • ALL_TAB_COLS
          • ALL_TAB_COLUMNS
          • ALL_TAB_COMMENTS
          • ALL_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • ALL_COL_PRIVS
          • ALL_TAB_PRIVS
          • ALL_TRIGGER_ORDERING
          • ALL_TYPES
          • ALL_USERS
          • DBA_ALL_TABLES
          • DBA_ARGUMENTS
          • DBA_COL_PRIVS
          • DBA_CONSTRAINTS
          • DBA_CONTEXT
          • DBA_DB_LINKS
          • ALL_CONSTRAINTS
          • DBA_IND_COLUMNS
          • DBA_JOBS
          • ALL_DB_LINKS
          • DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • DBA_OB_LS
          • DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • USER_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • ALL_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • USER_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • USER_TAB_STATISTICS
          • ALL_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • ALL_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • ALL_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
        • Performance views
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$VERSION
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • V$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$STATNAME
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$INSTANCE
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$INSTANCE
          • V$DML_STATS
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • GV$DBLINK
          • V$DBLINK
          • V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$GLOBALCONTEXT
          • V$NLS_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OPEN_CURSOR
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$TIMEZONE_NAMES
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OPEN_CURSOR
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
      • SYS tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • information_schema.events
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ROOTSERVICE_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CLUSTER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_COLUMN_CHECKSUM_ERROR_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_CKPT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_REDIS_TABLE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQL_PLAN
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • CDB_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • CDB_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS_V$
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • mysql.role_edges
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • mysql.audit_log_filter
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COLS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • mysql.default_roles
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_SERVICES
          • mysql.audit_log_user
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • mysql.help_relation
          • mysql.help_topic
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.CDB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_CONFIGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNITS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • mysql.db
          • mysql.proc
          • mysql.time_zone
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • mysql.user
          • oceanbase.CDB_IND_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESOURCE_POOLS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_UNIT_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.CDB_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.CDB_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVER_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
        • Performance views
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • v$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$UNIT
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$STATNAME
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RUNTIME_INFO
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • gv$tenant_memstore_allocator_info
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • gv$tenant
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • V$DML_STATS
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_FLT_TRACE_CONFIG
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$UNIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$LATCH
          • GV$LATCH
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
      • MySQL tenant views
        • Dictionary views
          • information_schema.COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • mysql.help_topic
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • information_schema.COLUMN_PRIVILEGES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • information_schema.ROUTINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • mysql.time_zone_transition
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • information_schema.SCHEMA_PRIVILEGES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • mysql.default_roles
          • DBA_INDEX_USAGE
          • DBA_OB_AUX_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • information_schema.PARAMETERS
          • information_schema.ST_GEOMETRY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
          • information_schema.VIEWS
          • information_schema.TABLE_PRIVILEGES
          • information_schema.USER_PRIVILEGES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • information_schema.SCHEMATA
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_PARTITIONS
          • information_schema.role_table_grants
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • mysql.help_keyword
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TASK_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASKS
          • mysql.proc
          • information_schema.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANTS
          • mysql.time_zone_name
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINES
          • mysql.role_edges
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DEADLOCK_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • information_schema.role_column_grants
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USER_DEFINED_RULES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • mysql.help_category
          • mysql.help_relation
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_REDIS_TABLE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • mysql.audit_log_filter
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_JOB_RUN_DETAILS
          • information_schema.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SNAPSHOT
          • oceanbase.DBA_SCHEDULER_WINDOWS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_AUTO_INCREMENT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_EVENT_NAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_VARIABLES
          • mysql.db
          • information_schema.CONNECTION_CONTROL_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • information_schema.COLLATION_CHARACTER_SET_APPLICABILITY
          • information_schema.VIEW_TABLE_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_IND_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • mysql.audit_log_user
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_OPT_STAT_GATHER_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • information_schema.GLOBAL_STATUS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_STATNAME
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • information_schema.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATA_DICTIONARY_IN_LOG
          • information_schema.SESSION_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_SUBPARTITIONS
          • information_schema.ENGINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLSTAT
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQL_PLAN
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSSTAT
          • mysql.time_zone
          • information_schema.PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_STAT_STALE_INFO
          • information_schema.TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_PROGRESS
          • information_schema.SESSION_STATUS
          • information_schema.role_routine_grants
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SPM_EVO_RESULT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_DATABASE_PRIVILEGE
          • mysql.procs_priv
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BALANCE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SYSTEM_EVENT
          • information_schema.CHARACTER_SETS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPARTITION_TEMPLATES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_INDEXES
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_OUTLINE_CONCURRENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_SEQUENCES
          • information_schema.COLLATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SYS_VARIABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • information_schema.PROCESSLIST
          • information_schema.STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
          • mysql.columns_priv
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_SQLTEXT
          • oceanbase.ALL_OB_EXTERNAL_TABLE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TENANT_EVENT_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • mysql.user
          • mysql.time_zone_transition_type
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SEQUENCE_OBJECTS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_STORAGE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_PARTITIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • information_schema.events
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_SERVICES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLE_LOCATIONS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ZONE_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_MAJOR_COMPACTION
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RESTORE_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLEGROUP_TABLES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_PARTITION_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TRANSFER_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_USERS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_MANAGEMENT_CONFIG
          • oceanbase.DBA_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
          • information_schema.QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME
          • information_schema.ST_SPATIAL_REFERENCE_SYSTEMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_DB_LINKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_SQL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_ARB_REPLICA_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RECOVER_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_LOG_ARCHIVE_PROGRESS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVE_DEST
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_PIECE_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ARCHIVELOG_SUMMARY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_POLICY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_DELETE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_PARAMETER
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_SET_FILES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_BACKUP_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOB_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_JOBS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASK_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_IMPORT_TABLE_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_RSRC_IO_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_REPLICAS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_TABLET_TO_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_CONSUMER_GROUPS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_GROUP_MAPPINGS
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLAN_DIRECTIVES
          • oceanbase.DBA_RSRC_PLANS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_ACCESS_POINT
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_FREEZE_INFO
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_LS_HISTORY
          • oceanbase.DBA_WR_CONTROL
          • oceanbase.DBA_OB_KV_TTL_TASKS
          • oceanbase.DBA_PART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_SUBPART_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
          • oceanbase.DBA_TAB_STATISTICS
        • Performance views
          • V$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • GV$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$OB_MEMORY
          • V$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • V$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • GV$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$STATNAME
          • GV$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_PX_TARGET_MONITOR
          • V$OB_ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • GV$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • GV$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$OB_LOCKS
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_ACTIVE
          • V$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • V$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$SESSION_LONGOPS
          • V$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • GV$OB_KV_GROUP_COMMIT_STATUS
          • V$OB_QUERY_RESPONSE_TIME_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • V$OB_KVCACHE
          • GV$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_THREAD
          • V$OB_SESSION_PS_INFO
          • V$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_SQL_WORKAREA_MEMORY_INFO
          • V$OB_SESSION
          • GV$OB_PS_STAT
          • V$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • GV$OB_SESS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • GV$OB_SYS_TIME_MODEL
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$DML_STATS
          • V$SYSSTAT
          • V$ENCRYPTED_TABLESPACES
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • V$OB_SQLSTAT
          • V$RESTORE_POINT
          • V$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_SQL_PLAN
          • V$OB_LOG_TRANSPORT_DEST_STAT
          • V$OB_TIMESTAMP_SERVICE
          • V$OB_RPC_OUTGOING
          • V$SYSTEM_EVENT
          • V$EVENT_NAME
          • GV$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_COMPATIBILITY_CONTROL
          • GV$OB_RES_MGR_SYSSTAT
          • V$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • V$SQL_PLAN_MONITOR
          • V$OB_SERVERS
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE_INFO
          • V$SQL_MONITOR_STATNAME
          • GV$SYSSTAT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT
          • V$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • GV$OB_KVCACHE
          • V$OB_KV_CONNECTIONS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • V$OB_SSTABLES
          • V$OB_PS_STAT
          • GV$OB_PL_CACHE_OBJECT
          • GV$OB_PX_P2P_DATAHUB
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_STAT
          • GV$DML_STATS
          • GV$OB_SQLSTAT
          • GV$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_MERGE_INFO
          • GV$OB_RPC_INCOMING
          • GV$OB_IO_CALIBRATION_STATUS
          • V$OB_KV_CLIENT_INFO
          • V$OB_TENANT_RESOURCE_LIMIT_DETAIL
          • GV$OB_CGROUP_CONFIG
          • GV$OB_IO_BENCHMARK
          • GV$OB_DTL_INTERM_RESULT_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_SCHEDULERS
          • GV$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$ACTIVE_SESSION_HISTORY
          • V$OB_PX_WORKER_STAT
          • V$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • V$SESSION_EVENT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT
          • V$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • V$SESSTAT
          • V$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • V$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • V$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • GV$OB_TRANSACTION_PARTICIPANTS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_STAT
          • GV$SESSION_EVENT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT
          • GV$SESSION_WAIT_HISTORY
          • GV$SESSTAT
          • GV$OB_SQL_AUDIT
          • GV$SQL_JOIN_FILTER
          • GV$OB_OPT_STAT_GATHER_MONITOR
          • V$LATCH
          • GV$LATCH
          • V$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_TABLET_COMPACTION_HISTORY
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • GV$OB_LOG_STAT
          • GV$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_MEMSTORE
          • V$OB_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATUS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_SUGGESTIONS
          • V$OB_LOG_STAT
          • V$OB_LS_REPLICA_TASK_PLAN
          • V$OB_PROCESSLIST
          • V$OB_UNITS
          • V$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • V$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • V$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA
          • V$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • V$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_UNITS
          • GV$OB_PLAN_CACHE_PLAN_EXPLAIN
          • GV$OB_PS_ITEM_INFO
          • GV$OB_SERVER_SCHEMA_INFO
          • GV$OB_MEMORY
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA
          • GV$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM
          • GV$OB_MEMSTORE
          • GV$OB_TENANT_MEMORY
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_MEMBER_INFO
          • GV$OB_ARBITRATION_SERVICE_STATUS
          • GV$OB_PARAMETERS
          • V$OB_PARAMETERS
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • GV$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_DIAGNOSE_INFO
          • V$OB_COMPACTION_PROGRESS
          • V$OB_LS_LOG_RESTORE_STATUS
          • V$RSRC_PLAN
          • V$OB_ENCRYPTED_TABLES
          • GV$SESSION_LONGOPS
    • SQL reference
      • Reserved keywords (Oracle mode)
      • Reserved keywords (MySQL mode)
      • Data type conversion behavior in MySQL tenants in strict mode
      • PL reference
        • PL reference (MySQL mode)
          • Syntax of PL stored programs
          • Reserved and non-reserved PL keywords
          • PL system packages
            • Overview of system packages
            • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
              • CREATE_PLAN
              • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
              • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • DELETE_PLAN
              • Overview
              • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
            • DBMS_STATS
              • GET_PREFS
              • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
              • DROP_STAT_TABLE
              • SET_TABLE_PREFS
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
              • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_STATS
              • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
              • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
              • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
              • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • SET_PARAM
              • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
              • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
              • GET_PARAM
              • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
              • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
              • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
              • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
              • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
              • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • Overview
              • SET_INDEX_STATS
              • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
              • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
              • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • PURGE_STATS
              • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
              • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
              • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • SET_COLUMN_STATS
            • DBMS_XPLAN
              • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
              • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • DISPLAY
              • DISPLAY_CURSOR
              • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
              • Overview
              • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
            • DBMS_LIMIT_CALCULATOR
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_UNIT
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_STANDBY_TENANT
              • CALCULATE_MIN_PHY_RES_NEEDED_BY_LOGIC_RES
              • Overview
            • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
              • DROP_SNAPSHOT_RANGE
              • ASH_REPORT
              • Overview
              • CREATE_SNAPSHOT
              • MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS
            • DBMS_UDR
              • CREATE_RULE
              • DISABLE_RULE
              • Overview
              • ENABLE_RULE
              • REMOVE_RULE
            • DBMS_BALANCE
              • TRIGGER_PARTITION_BALANCE
              • Overview of DBMS_BALANCE
              • SET_BALANCE_WEIGHT
              • CLEAR_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • DBMS_DATA_DICT
              • DBMS_DATA_DICT
          • PL conditional control statements
            • REPEAT
            • LEAVE
            • IF
            • RETURN
            • WHILE
            • LOOP
            • CASE
            • ITERATE
          • PL stored procedures
            • Variables in stored programs
            • Limitations on stored programs
            • Stored functions
            • Overview
            • Stored procedures
            • Stored objects and privilege management
            • Triggers
            • Events
          • PL related dictionary views
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA ROUTINES
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA PARAMETERS
            • INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TRIGGERS
          • PL data definition statements
            • DROP FUNCTION
            • ALTER FUNCTION
            • ALTER PROCEDURE
            • DROP PROCEDURE
            • CREATE TRIGGER
            • CREATE FUNCTION
            • DROP TRIGGER
            • CREATE PROCEDURE
          • PL exception handling
            • Exception handling and OUT/INOUT parameters
            • DECLARE ... CONDITION
            • Limitations on exception handling
            • DECLARE ... HANDLER
            • RESIGNAL
            • Diagnostics area
            • GET DIAGNOSTICS
            • Overview
            • Procedure scope
            • SIGNAL
          • PL database management statements
            • SHOW TRIGGERS
            • SHOW CREATE TRIGGER
            • SHOW FUNCTION STATUS
            • SHOW CREATE FUNCTION
            • SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS
            • SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE
          • PL cursors
            • Overview
            • Cursor execution process
            • Limitations on server cursors
          • PL data manipulation statements
            • CALL
            • DO
        • PL reference (Oracle mode)
          • Reserved PL keywords
          • PL system package (Oracle mode)
            • Overview
            • UTL_RAW
              • BIT_AND
              • CAST_TO_VARCHAR2
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_FLOAT
              • Overview
              • CAST_TO_RAW
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_DOUBLE
              • BIT_OR
              • REVERSE
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_FLOAT
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
              • COMPARE
              • CONCAT
              • CAST_FROM_BINARY_INTEGER
              • BIT_XOR
              • CAST_FROM_NUMBER
              • CAST_TO_BINARY_INTEGER
              • SUBSTR
              • BIT_COMPLEMENT
              • COPIES
              • LENGTH
              • CAST_TO_NUMBER
              • TRANSLATE
            • DBMS_XPLAN
              • Overview
              • DISPLAY_ACTIVE_SESSION_PLAN
              • DISPLAY_CURSOR
              • DISPLAY
              • DISABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • DISPLAY_SQL_PLAN_BASELINE
              • ENABLE_OPT_TRACE
              • SET_OPT_TRACE_PARAMETER
            • DBMS_LOB
              • CREATETEMPORARY
              • GETLENGTH
              • OPEN
              • APPEND
              • SUBSTR
              • INSTR
              • ERASE
              • WRITEAPPEND
              • ISTEMPORARY
              • Overview
              • CLOSE
              • READ
              • TRIM
              • COPY
              • FREETEMPORARY
              • WRITE
              • ISOPEN
            • DBMS_DEBUG
              • Overview
              • ATTACH_SESSION
              • CONTINUE
              • DEBUG_ON
              • DEBUG_OFF
              • DETACH_SESSION
              • DELETE_BREAKPOINT
              • DISABLE_BREAKPOINT
              • ENABLE_BREAKPOINT
              • GET_VALUE
              • GET_VALUES
              • GET_RUNTIME_INFO
              • GET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
              • INITIALIZE
              • PROBE_VERSION
              • PRINT_BACKTRACE
              • SET_TIMEOUT
              • SET_TIMEOUT_BEHAVIOUR
              • SET_BREAKPOINT
              • SHOW_BREAKPOINTS
            • DBMS_DDL
              • Overview of DBMS_DDL
              • WRAP
              • CREATE_WRAPPED
            • UTL_TCP
              • Overview of UTL_TCP
              • OPEN_CONNECTION
              • CLOSE_CONNECTION
              • CLOSE_ALL_CONNECTIONS
              • WRITE_LINE
              • WRITE_TEXT
              • WRITE_RAW
              • GET_LINE
              • GET_TEXT
            • DBMS_UTILITY
              • IS_CLUSTER_DATABASE
              • OLD_CURRENT_SCHEMA
              • GET_SQL_HASH
              • FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE
              • DB_VERSION
              • FORMAT_ERROR_STACK
              • GET_ENDIANNESS
              • ACTIVE_INSTANCES
              • Overview of DBMS_UTILITY
              • GET_HASH_VALUE
              • GET_PARAMETER_VALUE
              • PORT_STRING
              • TABLE_TO_COMMA
              • NAME_RESOLVE
              • GET_TIME
              • IS_BIT_SET
              • OLD_CURRENT_USER
              • FORMAT_CALL_STACK
              • NAME_TOKENIZE
              • CURRENT_INSTANCE
              • COMMA_TO_TABLE
            • DBMS_PROFILER
              • OB_DROP_OBJECTS
              • FLUSH_DATA
              • PAUSE_PROFILER
              • STOP_PROFILER
              • ROLLUP_RUN
              • GET_VERSION
              • INTERNAL_VERSION_CHECK
              • OB_INIT_OBJECTS
              • RESUME_PROFILER
              • ROLLUP_UNIT
              • START_PROFILER
              • Overview
            • DBMS_SQL
              • DEFINE_ARRAY
              • EXECUTE_AND_FETCH
              • DESCRIBE_COLUMNS
              • Overview
              • BIND_VARIABLE
              • OPEN_CURSOR
              • EXECUTE
              • COLUMN_VALUE
              • CLOSE_CURSOR
              • LAST_ERROR_POSITION
              • IS_OPEN
              • DEFINE_COLUMN
              • PARSE
              • FETCH_ROWS
              • VARIABLE_VALUE
            • UTL_SMTP
              • Overview of UTL_SMTP
              • MAIL
              • RCPT
              • OPEN_DATA
              • WRITE_DATA
              • WRITE_RAW_DATA
              • CLOSE_DATA
              • DATA
              • VRFY
              • HELP
              • NOOP
              • OPEN_CONNECTION
              • RSET
              • CLOSE_CONNECTION
              • QUIT
              • AUTH
              • COMMAND
              • COMMAND_REPLIES
              • HELO
              • EHLO
            • DBMS_MONITOR
              • OB_SESSION_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_ENABLE
              • Overview
              • OB_SESSION_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_CLIENT_ID_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_TENANT_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_DISABLE
              • OB_MOD_ACT_TRACE_ENABLE
              • OB_TENANT_TRACE_ENABLE
            • DBMS_OUTPUT
              • Overview
              • DISABLE
              • ENABLE
              • GET_LINE
              • GET_LINES
              • NEW_LINE
              • PUT
              • PUT_LINE
            • DBMS_STATS
              • GET_PARAM
              • LOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • LOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • RESET_PARAM_DEFAULTS
              • UNLOCK_PARTITION_STATS
              • IMPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • CREATE_STAT_TABLE
              • EXPORT_INDEX_STATS
              • EXPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • SET_SYSTEM_STATS
              • GATHER_INDEX_STATS
              • SET_GLOBAL_PREFS
              • GATHER_SCHEMA_STATS
              • COPY_TABLE_STATS
              • EXPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • RESET_GLOBAL_PREF_DEFAULTS
              • SET_PARAM
              • GATHER_SYSTEM_STATS
              • FLUSH_DATABASE_MONITORING_INFO
              • IMPORT_TABLE_STATS
              • UNLOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • IMPORT_SCHEMA_STATS
              • EXPORT_COLUMN_STATS
              • RESTORE_TABLE_STATS
              • GATHER_TABLE_STATS
              • PURGE_STATS
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_STATS
              • DELETE_TABLE_PREFS
              • GET_PREFS
              • SET_INDEX_STATS
              • DELETE_INDEX_STATS
              • DELETE_COLUMN_STATS
              • UNLOCK_SCHEMA_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_STATS
              • SET_TABLE_PREFS
              • ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • DELETE_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • RESTORE_SCHEMA_STATS
              • SET_COLUMN_STATS
              • DELETE_SYSTEM_STATS
              • Overview
              • DROP_STAT_TABLE
              • SET_SCHEMA_PREFS
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_AVAILABILITY
              • LOCK_TABLE_STATS
              • GET_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION
              • IMPORT_INDEX_STATS
            • DBMS_SCHEDULER
              • Overview
              • SET_ATTRIBUTE
              • DROP_JOB
              • DISABLE
              • SET_JOB_ARGUMENT_VALUE
              • ENABLE
              • GENERATE_JOB_NAME
              • ENABLE
              • STOP_JOB
              • DISABLE
              • RUN_JOB
              • DROP_PROGRAM
              • CREATE_PROGRAM
              • DEFINE_PROGRAM_ARGUMENT
              • CREATE_JOB
            • UTL_I18N
              • Overview
              • RAW_TO_CHAR
              • STRING_TO_RAW
            • DBMS_BALANCE
              • TRIGGER_PARTITION_BALANCE
              • Overview of DBMS_BALANCE
              • SET_BALANCE_WEIGHT
              • CLEAR_BALANCE_WEIGHT
            • UTL_FILE
              • FFLUSH
              • PUT
              • FREMOVE
              • FCLOSE
              • PUT_LINE
              • FGETPOS
              • FSEEK
              • NEW_LINE
              • Overview
              • FOPEN
              • FRENAME
              • GET_LINE
            • DBMS_XA
              • DBMS_XA_XID object type
              • XA_RECOVER
              • DBMS_XA constants
              • XA_PREPARE
              • XA_SETTIMEOUT
              • XA_GETLASTOER
              • XA_START
              • XA_END
              • XA_ROLLBACK
              • XA_FORGET
              • Overview
              • DIST_TXN_SYNC
              • XA_COMMIT
            • ODCIConst
              • ODCIStatsOptions.Options
              • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexParaDegree
              • ODCIEnv.CallProperty
              • Overview
              • ODCIIndexInfo.IndexInfoFlags
              • ODCIIndexAlter
              • ODCIStatsOptions.Flags
              • ScnFlg
              • ODCIIndexAlter parameter alter_option
              • ODCIArgDesc.ArgType
              • ODCIPredInfo.Flags
              • ODCIQueryInfo.Flags
              • Return Status
              • ODCIEnv.Envflags
            • UTL_RECOMP
              • POPULATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
              • TRUNCATE_UTL_RECOMP_SKIP_LIST
              • RECOMP_PARALLEL
              • RECOMP_SERIAL
              • PARALLEL_SLAVE
              • Overview
            • XMLType
              • CREATEXML
              • XMLTYPE
              • EXISTSNODE
              • GETSTRINGVAL
              • Overview of XMLType
              • TRANSFORM
              • GETCLOBVAL
              • EXTRACT
            • UTL_ENCODE
              • BASE64_ENCODE
              • Overview
              • BASE64_DECODE
            • ANYDATA TYPE
              • ENDCREATE member procedure
              • SET* member stored procedure
              • GETTYPE member function
              • Overview of the ANYDATA type
              • GET* member function
              • PIECEWISE member stored procedure
              • BEGINCREATE static stored procedure
              • GETTYPENAME member function
            • DBMS_RANDOM
              • TERMINATE
              • STRING
              • Overview
              • RANDOM
              • NORMAL
              • SEED
              • INITIALIZE
              • VALUE
            • DBMS_LOCK
              • REQUEST
              • SLEEP
              • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE
              • ALLOCATE_UNIQUE_AUTONOMOUS
              • Overview
            • DBMS_RESOURCE_MANAGER
              • CREATE_PLAN
              • CREATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • DELETE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • DELETE_PLAN
              • Overview
              • UPDATE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • CREATE_CONSUMER_GROUP
              • DELETE_PLAN_DIRECTIVE
              • SET_CONSUMER_GROUP_MAPPING
            • DBMS_METADATA
              • Overview
              • GET_DDL
              • GET_TABLE_INDEX_DDL
            • DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO
              • Overview
              • READ_CLIENT_INFO
              • READ_MODULE
              • SET_ACTION
              • SET_CLIENT_INFO
              • SET_MODULE
            • DBMS_JOB
              • RUN
              • Overview
              • SUBMIT
              • INTERVAL
              • BROKEN
              • ZONE
              • WHAT
              • USER_EXPORT
              • REMOVE
              • NEXT_DATE
              • CHANGE
            • DBMS_AUDIT_MGMT
              • CLEAN_AUDIT_TRAIL
              • SET_LAST_ARCHIVE_TIMESTAMP
              • SET_PURGE_JOB_STATUS
              • Overview
              • CREATE_PURGE_JOB
              • DROP_PURGE_JOB
            • DBMS_SESSION
              • SET_CONTEXT
              • CLEAR_CONTEXT
              • SET_IDENTIFIER
              • CLEAR_IDENTIFIER
              • CLEAR_ALL_CONTEXT
              • Overview
              • RESET_PACKAGE
            • DBMS_UDR
              • DISABLE_RULE
              • ENABLE_RULE
              • REMOVE_RULE
              • Overview
              • CREATE_RULE
            • DBMS_CRYPTO
              • ENCRYPT
              • DECRYPT
              • HASH
              • Overview
            • DBMS_DESCRIBE
              • DESCRIBE_PROCEDURE
              • Overview
            • DBMS_XMLGEN
              • Overview
              • CONVERT
            • DBMS_PLAN_CACHE
              • PURGE
              • Overview
            • DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY
              • Overview
              • ASH_REPORT
          • PL stored procedures and functions
            • Privilege control
            • Create a function
            • Manage stored procedures and functions
            • Collection of stored procedure information and its impact on parallel execution of SQL statements
            • Create a stored procedure
            • PL Database Link
            • Overview
            • User-defined functions
              • Use user-defined aggregate functions
              • Overview
              • Interface for user-defined aggregate functions
              • Create a user-defined aggregate function
            • Pipeline functions
              • Overview
              • Application
              • Create a pipelined table function
          • PL label security package
            • Overview
            • SA_SESSION session management package
              • SA_SESSION.ROW_LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.RESTORE_DEFAULT_LABELS
              • SA_SESSION.SET_LABEL
              • SA_SESSION.SET_ROW_LABEL
              • Overview
              • SA_SESSION.LABEL
            • SA_LABEL_ADMIN label management package
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.ALTER_LABEL
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.CREATE_LABEL
              • SA_LABEL_ADMIN.DROP_LABEL
              • Overview
            • SA_SYSDBA policy management package
              • Overview
              • SA_SYSDBA.ALTER_POLICY
              • SA_SYSDBA.DROP_POLICY
              • SA_SYSDBA.CREATE_POLICY
            • SA_POLICY_ADMIN policy management package
              • Overview
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.APPLY_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.DISABLE_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.REMOVE_TABLE_POLICY
              • SA_POLICY_ADMIN.ENABLE_TABLE_POLICY
            • SA_COMPONENTS label component package
              • SA_COMPONENTS.CREATE_LEVEL
              • SA_COMPONENTS.DROP_LEVEL
              • SA_COMPONENTS.ALTER_LEVEL
              • Overview
            • SA_USER_ADMIN user label management package
              • SA_USER_ADMIN.SET_LEVELS
              • Overview
          • PL data types
            • SQL data types
            • PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER
            • PL JSON data types
            • LOB data types
            • Arrays
            • BOOLEAN type
            • User-defined subtypes
            • Overview
          • PL collections and records
            • Create and call a subprogram with record type parameters
            • Insert records into a table and update a table by using records
            • Varrays
            • Associative arrays
            • Collections
            • Overview
            • Collection constructors
            • RECORD
            • Nested tables
            • Collection methods
              • COUNT method
              • EXISTS method
              • EXTEND method
              • FIRST and LAST methods
              • Overview
              • DELETE method
              • TRIM method
              • LIMIT method
              • PRIOR and NEXT methods
          • PL static SQL
            • Transaction processing and control
            • Overview
            • FORALL and BULK COLLECT
            • Cursors
              • Use a FOR loop to traverse a cursor
              • Overview
              • Implicit cursors
              • Cursor variables
              • Cursor attributes
              • Explicit cursors
              • Modify and drop a cursor
            • Autonomous transactions
              • Call autonomous functions from SQL statements
              • Autonomous triggers
              • Control autonomous transactions
              • Overview
          • PL language basics
            • Subprograms
            • Identifier scope and visibility
            • Lexical elements
            • Error-reporting functions
            • Character sets
            • Declaration
            • Expressions
            • PL blocks
            • Reference identifiers
            • Assignment
          • PL process control
            • Overview
            • Sequential control
            • Loop control
            • Conditional control
          • PL dynamic SQL
            • DBMS_SQL system package
            • Execute dynamic SQL
            • Overview
          • DDL operations on stored PL units
            • Overview
            • DROP FUNCTION
            • CREATE PACKAGE BODY
            • CREATE TRIGGER
            • DROP TYPE BODY
            • CREATE FUNCTION
            • CREATE PACKAGE
            • CREATE PROCEDURE
            • DROP TYPE
            • DROP PROCEDURE
            • DROP TRIGGER
            • ALTER PACKAGE
            • CREATE TYPE
            • DROP PACKAGE
            • ALTER TRIGGER
            • ALTER PROCEDURE
            • CREATE TYPE BODY
            • ALTER TYPE
            • ALTER FUNCTION
          • PL packages
            • Create a package
            • Manage packages
            • Definition of the PL environment by the STANDARD package
            • Overview
            • Overloaded programs in a package
          • PL exception handling
            • Exception handling processes
            • Exception types
            • Overview
            • Compile-time warnings
          • PL triggers
            • Query trigger information
            • INSTEAD OF DML triggers
            • Create a DML trigger
            • Overview
            • Disable or enable a trigger
            • Modify and drop a trigger
            • Composite DML triggers
            • System triggers
        • What is PL
          • PL architecture
          • PL overview
          • Main features of PL
      • SQL syntax
        • User tenants (MySQL mode)
          • Sequence pseudo-columns
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Mathematical functions
                • COS
                • GENERATOR
                • ZIPF
                • RANDOM
                • ACOS
                • CONV
                • ABS
                • LOG2
                • TAN
                • EXP
                • LOG10
                • ATAN
                • RAND
                • DEGREES
                • FLOOR
                • ATAN2
                • BIT_COUNT
                • LOG
                • POWER
                • CEIL
                • SIGN
                • PI
                • MOD
                • TRUNCATE
                • RADIANS
                • NEG
                • UNIFORM
                • NORMAL
                • SQRT
                • LN
                • ASIN
                • CRC32
                • RANDSTR
                • CEILING
                • POW
                • SIN
                • ROUND
                • COT
              • Datetime functions
                • FROM_DAYS
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
                • TIME
                • SUBTIME
                • DATE_FORMAT
                • FROM_UNIXTIME
                • UTC_DATE
                • DATE_ADD
                • LOCALTIME
                • GET_FORMAT
                • USEC_TO_TIME
                • SECOND
                • TIME_TO_SEC
                • QUARTER
                • LAST_DAY
                • TIME_FORMAT
                • SEC_TO_TIME
                • MICROSECOND
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • YEARWEEK
                • TO_SECONDS
                • MINUTE
                • MAKEDATE
                • TIMESTAMPADD
                • YEAR
                • PERIOD_DIFF
                • SUBDATE
                • DAYOFYEAR
                • SYSDATE
                • UTC_TIMESTAMP
                • HOUR
                • CURDATE
                • DAYOFWEEK
                • TIMEDIFF
                • STR_TO_DATE
                • MONTH
                • WEEK
                • EXTRACT
                • MAKETIME
                • DAY
                • UNIX_TIMESTAMP
                • WEEKDAY
                • ADDTIME
                • CURTIME
                • DAYNAME
                • DAYOFMONTH
                • DATE_SUB
                • TIMESTAMPDIFF
                • CURRENT_TIME
                • UTC_TIME
                • PERIOD_ADD
                • WEEKOFYEAR
                • NOW
                • DATEDIFF
                • TO_DAYS
                • MONTHNAME
                • CONVERT_TZ
                • ADDDATE
                • DATE
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP
                • TIME_TO_USEC
              • String functions
                • FIND_IN_SET
                • RTRIM
                • UCASE
                • REPLACE
                • LOWER
                • CONCAT_WS
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
                • OCTET_LENGTH
                • LEFT
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • REGEXP_LIKE
                • WEIGHT_STRING
                • CONCAT
                • IP2INT
                • UNHEX
                • BIN
                • RPAD
                • SUBSTRING
                • SPACE
                • FORMAT
                • MAKE_SET
                • REPEAT
                • ASCII
                • LOCATE
                • FROM_BASE64
                • SOUNDEX
                • LPAD
                • TO_BASE64
                • OCT
                • FIELD
                • QUOTE
                • CHARACTER_LENGTH
                • HEX
                • RLIKE
                • INSERT
                • REVERSE
                • POSITION
                • REGEXP
                • STRCMP
                • EXPORT_SET
                • INSTR
                • SUBSTR
                • SUBSTRING_INDEX
                • BIT_LENGTH
                • REGEXP_INSTR
                • MID
                • LCASE
                • UPPER
                • ORD
                • ELT
                • LENGTH
                • CHAR
                • TRIM
                • CHAR_LENGTH
                • RIGHT
                • INT2IP
                • LTRIM
              • Conversion functions
                • CAST
                • CONVERT
                • DECODE_TRACE_ID
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_PINYIN
              • Process control functions
                • IF
                • NULLIF
                • IFNULL
                • ORA_DECODE
                • CASE
              • Comparison functions
                • INTERVAL
                • LEAST
                • GREATEST
                • ISNULL
            • Analysis functions
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • BIT_XOR
              • CUME_DIST
              • STD
              • COUNT
              • LAG
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • MIN
              • STDDEV_POP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • SUM
              • STDDEV
              • RANK
              • BIT_OR
              • VARIANCE
              • DENSE_RANK
              • LAST_VALUE
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • NTILE
              • AVG
              • MAX
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • VAR_POP
              • LEAD
              • NTH_VALUE
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • BIT_AND
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
            • Spatial functions
              • Spatial analysis functions
              • Spatial relation functions
              • Overview
              • Geometry property functions
              • Geometry format conversion functions
              • Spatial accessor functions
              • Spatial format conversion functions
              • _ST_GeoHash
              • Spatial operation functions
              • Functions that create geometry values
              • Spatial constructor functions
              • Geometry processing functions
            • GTID function
              • GTID_SUBTRACT()
              • WAIT_FOR_EXECUTED_GTID_SET()
              • WAIT_UNTIL_SQL_THREAD_AFTER_GTIDS()
              • GTID_SUBSET()
            • Information functions
              • SESSION_USER
              • SCHEMA
              • CURRENT_ROLE
              • BENCHMARK
              • LAST_INSERT_ID
              • SYSTEM_USER
              • ICU_VERSION
              • CONNECTION_ID
              • COERCIBILITY
              • FOUND_ROWS
              • VERSION
              • CURRENT_USER
              • USER
              • COLLATION
              • CHARSET
              • ROW_COUNT
              • DATABASE
              • OB_VERSION
            • Aggregate functions
              • VAR_POP
              • GROUPING
              • GROUP_CONCAT
              • STD
              • COUNT
              • VARIANCE
              • STDDEV_POP
              • MIN
              • BIT_AND
              • SUM
              • BIT_XOR
              • AVG
              • STDDEV
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • VAR_SAMP
              • MAX
              • BIT_OR
              • STDDEV_SAMP
            • Encryption functions
              • AES_DECRYPT
              • RANDOM_BYTES
              • SM4_DECRYPT
              • DES_ENCRYPT
              • COMPRESS
              • UNCOMPRESS
              • SHA1
              • SHA2
              • SM3
              • AES_ENCRYPT
              • DES_DECRYPT
              • ENCODE
              • UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH
              • ENCRYPT
              • PASSWORD
              • MD5
              • SM4_ENCRYPT
              • DECODE
              • SHA
              • VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH
              • ENHANCED_AES_ENCRYPT
              • ENHANCED_AES_DECRYPT
            • Performance schema functions
              • FORMAT_BYTES
              • FORMAT_PICO_TIME
            • JSON functions
              • Overview
              • JSON_TABLE
              • Modify JSON text functions
                • JSON_REPLACE
                • JSON_MERGE_PATCH
                • JSON_MERGE
                • JSON_SET
                • JSON_APPEND
                • JSON_UNQUOTE
                • JSON_REMOVE
                • JSON_INSERT
                • JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
                • JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
                • JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE
              • Return JSON text property functions
                • JSON_VALID
                • JSON_DEPTH
                • JSON_LENGTH
                • JSON_TYPE
              • Create JSON text functions
                • JSON_OBJECT
                • JSON_QUOTE
                • JSON_ARRAY
              • Search JSON text functions
                • JSON_OVERLAPS
                • JSON_EXTRACT
                • JSON_KEYS
                • JSON_CONTAINS
                • JSON_CONTAINS_PATH
                • MEMBER OF
                • JSON_SEARCH
                • JSON_VALUE
              • JSON schema validation functions
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALIDATION_REPORT
                • JSON_SCHEMA_VALID
              • JSON aggregate functions
                • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                • JSON_OBJECTAGG
              • JSON utility functions
                • JSON_PRETTY
                • JSON_STORAGE_SIZE
            • XML functions
              • Overview
              • Functions for modifying XML data
                • UPDATEXML
              • Functions for querying XML data
                • EXTRACTVALUE
            • Other functions
              • BIN_TO_UUID
              • ANY_VALUE
              • INET_NTOA
              • UUID
              • DEFAULT
              • IS_UUID
              • COALESCE
              • UUID_TO_BIN
              • IS_IPV6
              • SLEEP
              • UUID_SHORT
              • VALUES
              • NAME_CONST
              • INET6_ATON
              • IS_IPV4_COMPAT
              • IS_IPV4
              • INET_ATON
              • INET6_NTOA
              • NVL
            • Lock functions
              • RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS()
              • IS_FREE_LOCK
              • GET_LOCK
              • RELEASE_LOCK
              • IS_USED_LOCK
              • Overview
            • Audit functions
              • Overview
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_FILTER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_SET_USER
              • AUDIT_LOG_FILTER_REMOVE_USER
          • SQL statements
            • DROP ROLE
            • CREATE DATABASE
            • ALTER SEQUENCE
            • SET CHARSET
            • DROP RESTORE POINT
            • HELP
            • REPLACE
            • RENAME USER
            • SET
            • SHOW
            • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
            • SELECT INTO
            • General syntax
            • CREATE ROLE
            • DROP SEQUENCE
            • ALTER TABLESPACE
            • FLUSH
            • TRANSACTION
            • PURGE
            • CREATE SERVER
            • INSTALL PLUGIN
            • SET NAMES
            • CREATE TABLESPACE
            • CHECK TABLE
            • DROP VIEW
            • DROP TABLEGROUP
            • DROP LOGFILE GROUP
            • DROP INDEX
            • ALTER LOGFILE GROUP
            • SET PASSWORD
            • CREATE LOGFILE GROUP
            • FLASHBACK
            • PREPARE
            • SET ROLE
            • RENAME TABLE
            • ANALYZE
            • DEALLOCATE PREPARE
            • ALTER TABLE
            • DELETE
            • DROP DATABASE LINK
            • CREATE TABLE
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • CREATE VIEW
            • REPAIR TABLE
            • DROP SERVER
            • TRUNCATE TABLE
            • GRANT
            • INSERT
            • HANDLER
            • OPTIMIZE
            • CREATE OUTLINE
            • DROP TABLE
            • ALTER OUTLINE
            • EXECUTE
            • DROP DATABASE
            • Common table expressions
            • CREATE DATABASE LINK
            • LOCK TABLES
            • DESCRIBE
            • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
            • LOAD DATA
            • REVOKE
            • CHECKSUM TABLE
            • SET DEFAULT ROLE
            • LOAD INDEX INTO CACHE
            • CREATE INDEX
            • DROP OUTLINE
            • CREATE SEQUENCE
            • ALTER DATABASE
            • ALTER TABLEGROUP
            • DROP TABLESPACE
            • DROP USER
            • DROP FORMAT OUTLINE
            • UPDATE
            • ALTER SERVER
            • KILL
            • CREATE USER
            • CREATE TABLEGROUP
            • EXPLAIN
            • UNINSTALL PLUGIN
            • SAVEPOINT
            • CACHE INDEX
            • ALTER EVENT
            • UNLOCK TABLES
            • ALTER USER
            • PURGE RECYCLEBIN
            • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
            • VALUES
            • ALTER VIEW
            • SET TRANSACTION
            • DROP EVENT
            • USE
            • CREATE EVENT
            • SCHEMA
            • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
            • ALTER COMPILE
            • XA transaction
            • SELECT
              • SELECT statement
              • OVER clause
              • JOIN clause
              • UNION clause
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Joins
            • Overview
            • Subqueries
          • Basic elements
            • Schema object names
            • Comments
            • User-defined variables
            • Data types
              • SET type
              • Overview
              • ENUM type
              • Datetime types
                • TIME type
                • DATE, DATETIME, and TIMESTAMP types
                • Overview
                • YEAR type
              • Numeric types
                • Floating-point data types
                • Overview
                • Fixed-point types
                • Bit value data type
                • Integer data types
              • JSON data types
                • Overview
                • Query and modify JSON values
                • Create a JSON value
                • Convert a JSON data type
              • String types
                • BINARY and VARBINARY
                • Overview
                • CHAR and VARCHAR
              • Spatial data types
                • Overview of spatial data types
                • Spatial data formats
                • Create a spatial index
                • Create a spatial column
                • Spatial reference systems (SRS)
              • Large objects and text types
                • TEXT types
                • LOB types
                • Overview
                • BLOB types
            • Literals
              • Overview
              • Strings
              • NULLs
              • Boolean values
              • Bit values
              • Numbers
              • Datetime values
            • Character set and collation
              • Database-level character set and collation
              • Overview
              • Column-level character sets and collations
              • Character sets
              • Character sets
              • Character sets and collations for client connection
              • Character sets and collations for character expressions
              • Table-level character set and collation
            • Expressions
              • Data type conversion rules
              • Expression syntax
              • Overview
          • Operators
            • Bitwise operators
            • Date and time operators
            • CASE conditional operator
            • Operator precedence
            • Logical operators
            • BINARY operator
            • Assignment operators
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Overview of operators
            • Concatenation operators
            • Comparison operators
          • DDL feature
            • Column type change rules
            • Generated column operations
            • Column operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Partition operations
            • Overview
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Index operations
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
            • Table operations
        • User tenants (Oracle mode)
          • Introduction to SQL
          • Functions
            • Overview
            • Single-row functions
              • Conversion functions
                • TO_CHAR(number)
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • RAWTOHEX
                • ASCIISTR
                • TO_DATE
                • TO_NCHAR(character)
                • TO_NCHAR(number)
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • TO_MULTI_BYTE
                • SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_BLOB
                • CHARTOROWID
                • CONVERT
                • TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
                • ROWIDTONCHAR
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • TO_NUMBER
                • TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_BINARY_FLOAT
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • TO_CLOB
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • UNISTR
                • HEXTORAW
                • TO_CHAR(character)
                • ROWIDTOCHAR
                • TO_NCHAR(datetime)
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • CAST
                • TO_SINGLE_BYTE
                • TO_PINYIN
              • Datetime functions
                • NUMTODSINTERVAL
                • EXTRACT(datetime)
                • TRUNC (date)
                • TZ_OFFSET
                • CURRENT_DATE
                • ADD_MONTHS
                • FROM_TZ
                • SYS_EXTRACT_UTC
                • TO_TIMESTAMP
                • TO_CHAR(datetime)
                • TO_YMINTERVAL
                • SYSTIMESTAMP
                • NEXT_DAY
                • TO_DSINTERVAL
                • DBTIMEZONE
                • ROUND (date)
                • MONTHS_BETWEEN
                • NUMTOYMINTERVAL
                • SESSIONTIMEZONE
                • SYSDATE
                • LAST_DAY
                • TO_TIMESTAMP_TZ
                • LOCALTIMESTAMP
                • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
              • String functions that return a string
                • CONCAT
                • INITCAP
                • CHR
                • NLS_LOWER
                • REPLACE
                • LPAD
                • SUBSTR
                • LTRIM
                • NLSSORT
                • TRANSLATE ... USING
                • TRIM
                • UPPER
                • REGEXP_REPLACE
                • TRANSLATE
                • RTRIM
                • RPAD
                • LOWER
                • NLS_UPPER
                • REGEXP_SUBSTR
              • Numeric functions
                • ABS
                • ACOS
                • ASIN
                • ATAN
                • ATAN2
                • BITAND
                • CEIL
                • COS
                • COSH
                • EXP
                • FLOOR
                • LN
                • GENERATOR
                • LOG
                • MOD
                • NANVL
                • NORMAL
                • POWER
                • REMAINDER
                • ROUND
                • RANDOM
                • RANDSTR
                • SIGN
                • SIN
                • SINH
                • SQRT
                • TAN
                • TANH
                • TRUNC
                • UNIFORM
                • WIDTH_BUCKET
                • ZIPF
              • XML functions
                • Overview
                • Construct XMLType data functions
                  • XMLAGG
                  • XMLFOREST
                  • XMLCONCAT
                  • XMLATTRIBUTES
                  • XMLPARSE
                  • XMLELEMENT
                • Query XMLType data functions
                  • XMLTABLE
                  • EXTRACTVALUE
                  • EXISTSNODE
                  • XMLSERIALIZE
                  • XMLSEQUENCE
                  • XMLCAST
                  • EXTRACT
                • Modify XMLType data functions
                  • UPDATEXML
                  • INSERTCHILDXML
                  • DELETEXML
              • Null value related functions
                • NULLIF
                • NVL2
                • COALESCE
                • NANVL
                • NVL
                • LNNVL
              • JSON functions
                • Overview
                • Query JSON text functions
                  • JSON_TABLE
                  • JSON_VALUE
                  • JSON_EXISTS
                  • JSON_QUERY
                • Create JSON text functions
                  • JSON_ARRAY
                  • JSON_OBJECTAGG
                  • JSON_ARRAYAGG
                  • JSON_OBJECT
                • Modify JSON text functions
                  • JSON_MERGEPATCH
                • Validate JSON text functions
                  • JSON_EQUAL
              • String functions that return numbers
                • INSTR
                • LENGTH
                • ASCII
                • REGEXP_COUNT
                • REGEXP_INSTR
              • Environment and identifier functions
                • SYS_GUID
                • OB_VERSION
                • UID
                • USERENV
                • SYS_CONTEXT
                • USER
              • Encoding and decoding functions
                • ORA_HASH
                • DECODE
                • VSIZE
                • DUMP
              • Spatial-functions
                • SDO_GEOMETRY constructor functions
                • SDO_GEOMETRY format conversion functions
                • SDO_GEOMETRY query functions
                • Overview
              • Generic comparison functions
                • GREATEST
                • LEAST
              • Hierarchical functions
                • SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
            • Analysis functions
              • AVG
              • CORR
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • VARIANCE
              • LISTAGG
              • VAR_SAMP
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • CUME_DIST
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • MIN
              • STDDEV_POP
              • LAG
              • Analytic functions
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • NTILE
              • MAX
              • VAR_POP
              • RANK
              • NTH_VALUE
              • MEDIAN
              • COUNT
              • RATIO_TO_REPORT
              • FIRST_VALUE
              • STDDEV
              • SUM
              • KEEP
              • COVAR_POP
              • LEAD
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • ROW_NUMBER
              • DENSE_RANK
              • LAST_VALUE
            • Aggregate functions
              • WMSYS.WM_CONCAT/WM_CONCAT
              • GROUPING
              • COVAR_POP
              • GROUPING_ID
              • PERCENTILE_DISC
              • LISTAGG
              • ROLLUP
              • VAR_SAMP
              • GROUP_ID
              • STDDEV_POP
              • SUM
              • MAX
              • VAR_POP
              • CORR
              • AVG
              • STDDEV_SAMP
              • STDDEV
              • MIN
              • PERCENT_RANK
              • VARIANCE
              • CUME_DIST
              • PERCENTILE_CONT
              • RANK
              • REGR_(Linear Regression)
              • DENSE_RANK
              • APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT
              • MEDIAN
              • KEEP
              • COVAR_SAMP
              • COUNT
            • Table functions
              • Table function
          • SQL statements
            • DDL
              • CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE
              • CREATE SYNONYM
              • ALTER OUTLINE
              • DROP USER
              • CREATE TABLESPACE
              • CREATE TABLEGROUP
              • ALTER KEYSTORE
              • CREATE DIRECTORY
              • DROP TABLE
              • ALTER TABLE
              • ALTER SEQUENCE
              • MAJOR and MINOR
              • DROP DATABASE LINK
              • CREATE TABLE
              • DROP PROFILE
              • DROP TABLESPACE
              • DROP DIRECTORY
              • ALTER EXTERNAL TABLE
              • DROP TABLEGROUP
              • RENAME
              • ALTER SYSTEM PARAMETER
              • CREATE INDEX
              • TRUNCATE TABLE
              • CREATE OUTLINE
              • DROP VIEW
              • ALTER SESSION
              • CREATE PROFILE
              • CREATE SEQUENCE
              • COMMENT
              • ALTER PROFILE
              • ALTER TABLEGROUP
              • CREATE ROLE
              • CREATE KEYSTORE
              • DROP SEQUENCE
              • ALTER INDEX
              • CREATE DATABASE LINK
              • CREATE VIEW
              • CREATE FORMAT OUTLINE
              • ALTER ROLE
              • DROP CONTEXT
              • DROP ROLE
              • CREATE CONTEXT
              • DROP INDEX
              • ALTER USER
              • CREATE USER
              • DROP FORMAT OUTLINE
              • DROP SYNONYM
              • ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH PLAN CACHE
              • DROP OUTLINE
              • ALTER/CHANGE/MODIFY EXTERNAL_STORAGE_DEST
            • DML
              • UPDATE
              • MERGE
              • PURGE
              • EXPLAIN
              • INSERT
              • DELETE
              • SELECT
                • Set-based SELECT
                • SIMPLE SELECT
                • WITH CLAUSE
            • DCL
              • SET PASSWORD
              • TRANSACTION
              • GRANT
              • SHRINK
              • SET VARIABLE
              • SET NAMES
              • AUDIT
              • ANALYZE
              • FLASHBACK TABLE BEFORE DROP
              • ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
              • LOAD DATA
              • LOCK TABLE
              • COMMIT
              • REVOKE
              • SAVEPOINT
              • KILL
              • ROLLBACK
              • SHOW
              • SET ROLE
          • Pseudo columns
            • Sequence pseudo columns
            • Overview
            • ORA_ROWSCN pseudocolumn
            • ROWNUM pseudocolumn
            • Hierarchical query pseudocolumns
            • ROWID pseudocolumn
          • Expressions
            • Function expressions
            • Datetime expressions
            • Column expressions
            • Compound expressions
            • Scalar subquery expressions
            • Overview
            • Case expressions
            • Expression list
            • Interval expressions
            • CURSOR expressions
            • Type constructor expressions
            • Simple expressions
          • DDL feature
            • Online and offline DDL operations
            • Index operations
            • Partition operations
            • Column operations
            • Primary key operations
            • Column type change rules
            • Generated column operations
            • Table operations
            • Foreign key operations
            • Conversion rules for numeric data types
            • Overview
          • Basic elements
            • Character sets and collations
            • Built-in data types
              • Rowid data types
              • Any types
              • RAW data type
              • Overview
              • User-defined data types
              • Numeric data types
                • Precedence of numeric data types
                • NUMBER data type
                • FLOAT data type
                • Overview
                • Floating-point numbers
              • Datetime and interval data types
                • INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH data type
                • TIMESTAMP data type
                • TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE data type
                • DATE data type
                • INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND data type
                • Calculation of dates, timestamps, and intervals
                • TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE data type
                • Overview
              • Large object data types
                • CLOB data type
                • BLOB data type
                • Overview
              • JSON data types
                • Create a column of the JSON data type
                • Query JSON data
                • Overview
                • Conversion rules for JSON data types
              • Character data types
                • CHAR data type
                • Overview
                • NVARCHAR2 data type
                • NCHAR data type
                • VARCHAR2 data type
                • VARCHAR data type
              • XML data types
                • Query XMLType data
                • XML data definition
                • Conversion of the XMLType data type
                • Create a column of the XMLType data type
                • Overview
              • Spatial data types
                • Create a spatial data column
                • SDO_GEOMETRY attribute access
                • Overview
            • Database objects
              • Non-schema objects
              • Schema objects
            • Database naming conventions
              • Suggestions on schema object names
              • Overview
            • Annotations
              • Overview
              • Comments on schema and non-schema objects
              • Comments on SQL statements
              • Hints
                • Overview
                • Hint list
                  • Hints related to access path
                  • Hints related to join orders
                  • Hints related to joins
                  • Hints related to parallel execution
                  • Hints related to query strategies
                  • Hints related to query conversion
                  • Other hints
            • Literals
              • Interval literals
              • Text literals
              • Numeric literals
              • Overview
              • Datetime literals
                • Timestamp literals
                • Date literals
            • Data type comparison rules
              • Data type conversion rules
              • Date value comparison rules
              • Overview
              • Security considerations for data conversion
              • Numeric value comparison rules
              • Data type precedence
              • Character value comparison rules
            • Database object reference methods
              • Reference an attribute or method of an object type
              • Overview
              • Access partitioned tables and indexes
              • Reference schema objects
              • Reference objects in a remote database
                • Create a DBLink
                • Reference a DBLink
            • Format model
              • Number format models
              • RR datetime format element
              • Datetime format models
              • Overview
              • String-to-date conversion rules
            • NULL value
              • Overview
              • NULLs in comparison conditions
              • NULLs in SQL functions
              • NULLs in conditional expressions
          • Conditions
            • Pattern-matching conditions
            • Logical conditions
            • NULL conditions
            • Overview
            • IN condition
            • Condition precedence
            • BETWEEN condition
            • Compound conditions
            • Floating-point conditions
            • Comparison conditions
            • EXISTS condition
          • Operators
            • Arithmetic operators
            • Set operators
            • COLLATE operator
            • Operator precedence
            • Overview of operators
            • Hierarchical query operators
            • Concatenation operator
          • Queries and subqueries
            • Lateral derived tables
            • DUAL table query
            • Simple queries
            • Hierarchical queries
            • Subqueries
            • Join queries
            • Composite queries
            • Overview
        • System tenants
          • ALTER RESOURCE UNIT
          • CREATE RESOURCE POOL
          • SET DECRYPTION
          • DROP RESOURCE UNIT
          • CREATE TENANT
          • CREATE RESOURCE UNIT
          • SHOW RESTORE PREVIEW
          • SET ENCRYPTION
          • ALTER RESOURCE POOL
          • ALTER RESOURCE TENANT
          • CREATE STANDBY TENANT
          • DROP TENANT
          • ALTER TENANT
          • DROP RESOURCE POOL
          • Overview
          • ALTER SYSTEM
            • MIGRATE REPLICA
            • REMOVE REPLICA
            • TRANSFER PARTITION
            • CANCEL RECOVER TABLE
            • CLEAR RESTORE SOURCE
            • RECOVER TABLE
            • WASH MEMORY FRAGMENTATION
            • RESTORE PREVIEW
            • ACTIVATE STANDBY
            • REFRESH
            • RECOVER STANDBY
            • SERVICE_NAME
            • ARBITRATION
            • CANCEL REPLICA TASK
            • ARCHIVELOG
            • CANCEL DELETE BACKUP
            • LOAD MODULE DATA
            • BACKUP CLUSTER PARAMETERS
            • ZONE
            • CANCEL TRANSFER PARTITION
            • SET LOG_RESTORE_SOURCE
            • BOOTSTRAP
            • BALANCE TASK
            • SET DATA_BACKUP_DEST
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST
            • CHECK MODULE DATA
            • CHANGE TENANT
            • THROTTLE
            • BACKUP KEY
            • SWITCHOVER
            • RESTORE
            • BACKUP
            • NOARCHIVELOG
            • SERVER
            • FLUSH PLAN CACHE
            • MODIFY REPLICA
            • CANCEL MIGRATE UNIT
            • ADD RESTORE SOURCE
            • BALANCE JOB
            • JOB
            • CANCEL RESTORE
            • MIGRATE UNIT
            • RECOVER STANDBY CANCEL
            • SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE
            • PARAMETER
            • CANCEL BACKUP
            • DELETE BACKUP POLICY
            • ADD REPLICA
            • MAJOR and MINOR
            • MODIFY PAXOS_REPLICA_NUM
            • CREATE LS
            • MODIFY LS
            • MODULE DATA
            • FLASHBACK STANDBY LOG
      • SQL specifications and practices
        • Limitations on writing SQL statements
        • SQL writing specifications
          • Transactions
          • Table scan
          • SELECT statements
          • Multi-table join
          • DDL statements
          • Cache
          • Hint
          • DML statement writing standards
          • Other related specifications
        • SQL statement examples
          • Read with weak consistency
          • Pagination
          • Join tables
          • Implicit data type conversion
    • Database object management
      • Overview
      • Oracle mode
        • Manage synonyms
        • Manage sequences
        • Manage directory objects
        • Manage views
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Drop a DBLink
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to modify the data in a remote database
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Install and configure OCI
          • Create a DBLink
        • Create and manage tables
          • Overview
          • Create a table
          • Define column constraints
          • Query the definition of a table
          • Modify a table
          • Change the replicated table attribute
          • Empty a table
          • Drop a table
          • Lock a table
          • Create and manage external tables
            • Create an external table
            • Overview
            • Manage external files
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Create an INSTEAD OF trigger
          • Modify and drop a trigger
          • Create a DML trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • Disable or enable a trigger
          • Create a composite trigger
          • Overview
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Overview
          • Drop a partition
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Rename a partition
          • Partition pruning
          • Truncate a partition
          • Add a partition
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Global indexes
            • Local indexes
            • Overview
        • Create and manage indexes
          • Overview
          • Monitor indexes
          • Create an index
          • Query indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • Drop an index
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Drop a table group
          • Query information about a table group
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Overview
          • Create a table group
      • MySQL mode
        • Manage views
        • Create and manage table groups
          • Manage tables in a table group
          • Overview
          • Drop a table group
          • Add tables to a table group
          • Create a table group
          • Modify the SHARDING attribute of a table group
          • Query information about a table group
        • Create and manage partitions
          • Create a partitioned table
          • Query data in specified partitions
          • Drop a partition
          • Modify partitioning rules
          • Truncate a partition
          • Overview
          • Partition pruning
          • Add a partition
          • Create indexes on partitioned tables
            • Overview
            • Local indexes
            • Global indexes
        • Create and manage sequences
          • Modify a sequence
          • Query sequences
          • Create a sequence
          • Drop a sequence
          • Reference a sequence
        • Create and manage triggers
          • Drop a trigger
          • Query trigger information
          • Overview
          • Create a DML trigger
        • Create and manage tables
          • Empty a table
          • Change the replicated table attribute
          • Create a table
          • Define column constraints
          • Lock a table
          • Modify a table
          • Query tables
          • Drop a table
          • Define an auto-increment column
          • Overview
          • Create and manage external tables
            • Overview
            • Manage external files
            • Create an external table
        • Create and manage indexes
          • System functions supported for function-based indexes
          • Query indexes
          • Drop an index
          • Monitor indexes
          • System functions not supported for function-based indexes
          • Create an index
          • Overview
        • Create and manage databases
          • View databases
          • Create a database
          • Drop a database
          • Modify a database
        • Create and manage DBLinks
          • Use a DBLink to access data in a remote database
          • Manage DBLinks
          • Query existing DBLinks
          • Drop a DBLink
          • Create a DBLink
    • OceanBase concepts
      • Development of OceanBase Database
      • Architecture of OceanBase Database
      • Database objects
        • Oracle mode
          • Partitions
            • Overview
            • Partitioning keys
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioned indexes
          • Tables
            • Integrity constraints
            • Partitioned table
            • Table storage
            • Temporary table
            • Table compression
            • Overview
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Data type
              • ROWID data types
              • Numeric data types
              • Datetime data types
              • LOB data types
              • Character data types
              • Multi-model data types
              • Overview
              • Format model
                • Number format models
                • Overview
                • Datetime format models
          • Views
            • View categorization
            • Data operations in views
            • Oracle-compatible views
            • OceanBase-specific views
            • Overview
            • Data access from views
            • Updatable views
          • Introduction
            • Overview
            • Database object types
            • Database object storage
            • Dependencies between database objects
          • Other objects
            • Sequences
            • Synonyms
          • Data integrity
            • Overview
            • Use of integrity constraints
            • Integrity constraint type
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • Overview
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • CHECK constraints
          • Indexes
            • Local and global indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Index storage
            • Use indexes
            • Index overview
          • System views
            • Dictionary views
            • Performance views
        • MySQL mode
          • Data integrity
            • Use of integrity constraints
            • Overview
            • Integrity constraint type
              • PRIMARY KEY constraints
              • Overview
              • NOT NULL constraints
              • UNIQUE KEY constraints
              • FOREIGN KEY constraints
          • Partitions
            • Partitioned indexes
            • Overview
            • Partitioning types
            • Partitioning keys
          • Tables
            • Table storage
            • Tables with and without a primary key
            • Partitioned table
            • Table compression
            • Integrity constraints
            • Overview
            • Data type
              • Numeric data types
              • LOB data types
              • Datetime data types
              • Overview
              • Multi-model data types
              • Character data types
          • Indexes
            • About indexes
            • Index storage
            • Use indexes
            • Unique and non-unique indexes
            • Spatial indexes
            • Local and global indexes
          • Introduction
            • Dependencies between database objects
            • Overview
            • Database object storage
            • Database object types
          • Views
            • OceanBase-specific views
            • Updatable views
            • View categorization
            • Oracle-compatible views in MySQL tenants
            • Overview
            • Oracle-compatible views in the sys tenant
            • Data access from views
            • MySQL-compatible views
            • Data operations in views
          • System views
            • Performance views
            • Dictionary views
      • Distributed database objects
        • Overview
        • Cluster architecture
        • Log streams and replicas
          • Overview
          • Log streams
          • Replica type
            • Overview
            • Read-only replicas
            • Full-featured replica
          • Multi-replica consensus protocols
          • Data balancing
            • Intra-tenant balancing
            • Views and parameters related to data balancing
        • Dynamic scaling
          • Cluster scaling
          • Tenant resource scaling
            • Horizontal scaling of tenant resources
            • Overview
            • Cross-zone management of tenant resources
            • Vertical scaling of tenant resources
      • Storage architecture
        • Query processing
        • Overview
        • Multi-level caches
        • Data integrity
          • Detect silent data corruption
        • Data storage
          • Overview
          • MemTables
          • SSTables
          • Compression and encoding
        • Compaction
          • Overview
          • Major compaction
          • Minor compaction
      • Multi-tenant architecture
        • Tenants
        • Overview
        • Compatibility modes
        • Tenants and resource management
          • Resource unit balancing
          • Multi-tenant resource isolation
          • Tenant resource management
      • OBServer node architecture
        • Structure of the OBServer node installation directory
        • Configuration files
        • Logs
        • Memory management
          • Memory-related views
          • Memory-related parameters
          • Diagnose memory errors
          • Memory usage logs
          • Overview
        • observer thread model
          • Threads
          • Worker threads
          • Background threads
      • Transaction management
        • Transaction concurrency and consistency
          • Multi-version read consistency
          • Weak-consistency read
          • Overview
          • Transaction isolation level
            • Transaction isolation levels in MySQL mode
            • Overview
            • Transaction isolation levels in Oracle mode
          • Concurrency control
            • Lock mechanism
            • Overview
            • Lock Wait Mgr
        • Transaction
          • Overview
          • Statement-level atomicity
          • Redo logs
          • Transaction structure
          • XA transactions
          • Local transactions
          • GTS
          • Transaction control
            • Active transactions
            • Overview
            • Savepoint
            • Transaction control statements
              • MySQL transaction control
              • Oracle transaction control
          • Distributed transaction
            • Two-phase commit
            • Overview
      • Data reliability and high availability
        • Deployment solutions for disaster recovery
        • Arbitration-based high availability solution
        • Physical Standby Database solution
        • Data protection
          • Recycle bin
          • Flashback queries
          • Overview
        • Backup and restore
          • Overview
          • Backup directory structures
          • Restore process
          • Backup architecture
        • High availability architecture
          • Automatic handling of node failures
          • ODP high availability
          • Paxos protocol
          • Leader election in distributed systems
          • Multi-replica log synchronization
          • Overview
      • User interface and query language
        • Client programming languages
        • PL
          • PL subprogram execution mechanism
          • PL concepts
            • MySQL mode
              • Functions
              • Stored procedures
              • Subprograms
              • MySQL Mode
            • Oracle mode
              • Subprograms
              • Triggers
              • Functions
              • Stored procedures
              • Packages
        • SQL
          • Query SQL execution plans
          • Execution process of SQL queries
          • Distributed execution plan
            • Perform distributed execution and parallel queries
            • Manage distributed execution plans
            • Run and disable a parallel query
            • Generate distributed execution plans
            • Optimize parameters for parallel query
          • SQL statements
            • Overview
            • DDL statements
            • DCL statements
            • DML statements
          • Introduction
            • SQL data access
            • SQL standards
            • Overview
      • Data link
        • Overview
        • Database proxy
          • SQL routing
          • ODP configuration management
          • Connection management
          • Overview
          • Logs and monitoring
        • Database connector
          • Overview
          • OBCI
          • OceanBase Connector/J
          • OceanBase Connector/C
      • Database security
        • Security audit
        • Monitoring and alerting
        • Access control
        • Authentication
        • Data transmission encryption
        • Data storage encryption
        • Overview
    • Database design specifications and practices
      • Character set specifications
      • Comments
      • ORM conventions
      • Database connection specifications
      • Exception handling
      • Object structure design specifications
        • Field design
        • Partitioned table design
        • Index design
        • Table structure design
        • Other structural designs
      • Object naming conventions
        • Tenant naming conventions
        • Overview
        • Other naming conventions
        • User naming conventions
        • Field naming conventions
        • Table naming conventions
    • Parameters and system variables
      • Overview
      • Changes in parameters and system variables from V3.x to V4.x
      • Parameters
        • Overview
        • Cluster-level parameters
          • autoinc_cache_refresh_interval
          • minor_merge_concurrency
          • system_trace_level
          • log_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • enable_dblink
          • trace_log_sampling_interval
          • rootservice_memory_limit
          • backup_concurrency
          • global_index_build_single_replica_timeout
          • data_disk_write_limit_percentage
          • sql_audit_memory_limit
          • location_fetch_concurrency
          • backup_dest
          • location_cache_refresh_sql_timeout
          • disk_io_thread_count
          • ob_storage_s3_url_encode_type
          • minor_deferred_gc_time
          • data_copy_concurrency
          • enable_upgrade_mode
          • syslog_compress_func
          • backup_recovery_window
          • location_cache_refresh_min_interval
          • auto_broadcast_location_cache_rate_limit
          • backup_dest_option
          • backup_zone
          • cpu_reserved
          • global_write_halt_residual_memory
          • default_transport_compress_func
          • enable_manual_merge
          • minor_warm_up_duration_time
          • max_px_worker_count
          • fast_recovery_concurrency
          • memstore_limit_percentage
          • log_archive_checkpoint_interval
          • log_archive_batch_buffer_limit
          • restore_concurrency
          • enable_ob_ratelimit
          • enable_syslog_recycle
          • server_data_copy_in_concurrency
          • merger_switch_leader_duration_time
          • clog_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • global_major_freeze_residual_memory
          • enable_pg
          • tenant_cpu_variation_per_server
          • auto_leader_switch_interval
          • syslog_file_uncompressed_count
          • enable_log_archive
          • election_blacklist_interval
          • log_storage_warning_trigger_percentage
          • backup_backup_dest_option
          • election_cpu_quota
          • enable_ddl
          • clog_transport_compress_func
          • sys_cpu_limit_trigger
          • index_info_block_cache_priority
          • enable_global_background_resource_isolation
          • index_cache_priority
          • alert_log_level
          • log_disk_size
          • enable_one_phase_commit
          • enable_separate_sys_clog
          • backup_region
          • plan_cache_high_watermark
          • plan_cache_low_watermark
          • max_syslog_file_count
          • server_data_copy_out_concurrency
          • syslog_disk_size
          • unit_gc_wait_time
          • location_cache_priority
          • location_refresh_thread_count
          • location_cache_cpu_quota
          • location_cache_expire_time
          • ignore_replica_checksum_error
          • location_cache_refresh_rpc_timeout
          • migrate_concurrency
          • rdma_io_thread_count
          • balancer_log_interval
          • merge_thread_count
          • trx_force_kill_threshold
          • global_background_cpu_quota
          • token_reserved_percentage
          • merge_stat_sampling_ratio
          • datafile_disk_percentage
          • datafile_maxsize
          • datafile_next
          • datafile_size
          • get_leader_candidate_rpc_timeout
          • high_priority_net_thread_count
          • ignore_replay_checksum_error
          • ilog_index_expire_time
          • index_block_cache_priority
          • index_clog_cache_priority
          • internal_sql_execute_timeout
          • large_query_threshold
          • large_query_worker_percentage
          • leak_mod_to_check
          • lease_time
          • local_ip
          • log_disk_percentage
          • ls_meta_table_check_interval
          • max_kept_major_version_number
          • max_string_print_length
          • memory_chunk_cache_size
          • memory_limit
          • memory_limit_percentage
          • memory_reserved
          • merger_completion_percentage
          • merger_warm_up_duration_time
          • micro_block_merge_verify_level
          • migration_disable_time
          • min_observer_version
          • minor_freeze_times
          • multiblock_read_gap_size
          • multiblock_read_size
          • mysql_port
          • net_thread_count
          • ob_esi_io_concurrency
          • ob_esi_max_syslog_file_count
          • ob_esi_memory_limit
          • ob_esi_rpc_port
          • ob_esi_session_timeout
          • ob_esi_syslog_level
          • ob_event_history_recycle_interval
          • ob_ratelimit_stat_period
          • ob_startup_mode
          • ofs_list
          • opt_tab_stat_cache_priority
          • partition_table_check_interval
          • plan_cache_evict_interval
          • px_task_size
          • rebuild_replica_data_lag_threshold
          • balance_blacklist_failure_threshold
          • recyclebin_object_expire_time
          • replica_safe_remove_time
          • resource_hard_limit
          • resource_soft_limit
          • rootservice_async_task_queue_size
          • rootservice_list
          • balance_blacklist_retry_interval
          • row_compaction_update_limit
          • row_purge_thread_count
          • rpc_client_authentication_method
          • rpc_port
          • rpc_server_authentication_method
          • rpc_timeout
          • schema_history_expire_time
          • schema_history_recycle_interval
          • server_balance_cpu_mem_tolerance_percent
          • server_balance_critical_disk_waterlevel
          • all_cluster_list
          • server_balance_disk_tolerance_percent
          • server_check_interval
          • server_cpu_quota_max
          • server_cpu_quota_min
          • server_permanent_offline_time
          • sql_login_thread_count
          • sql_net_thread_count
          • sql_protocol_min_tls_version
          • ssl_client_authentication
          • ssl_external_kms_info
          • stack_size
          • standby_fetch_log_bandwidth_limit
          • storage_meta_cache_priority
          • strict_check_os_params
          • switchover_process_thread_count
          • sys_bkgd_io_high_percentage
          • sys_bkgd_io_low_percentage
          • balancer_task_timeout
          • sys_bkgd_migration_change_member_list_timeout
          • sys_bkgd_migration_retry_num
          • sys_bkgd_net_percentage
          • syslog_io_bandwidth_limit
          • syslog_level
          • system_cpu_quota
          • system_memory
          • tablet_ls_cache_priority
          • tablet_meta_table_check_interval
          • tablet_meta_table_scan_batch_count
          • tablet_size
          • tcp_keepcnt
          • tcp_keepidle
          • tcp_keepintvl
          • balancer_tolerance_percentage
          • tenant_groups
          • tenant_task_queue_size
          • trace_log_slow_query_watermark
          • trx_2pc_retry_interval
          • unit_balance_resource_weight
          • use_large_pages
          • bf_cache_miss_count_threshold
          • user_block_cache_priority
          • user_iort_up_percentage
          • user_row_cache_priority
          • utl_file_open_max
          • virtual_table_location_cache_expire_time
          • wait_leader_batch_count
          • weak_read_version_refresh_interval
          • workers_per_cpu_quota
          • zone
          • zone_merge_concurrency
          • bf_cache_priority
          • zone_merge_order
          • zone_merge_timeout
          • builtin_db_data_verify_cycle
          • cache_wash_threshold
          • all_server_list
          • cluster_id
          • config_additional_dir
          • cpu_count
          • data_dir
          • data_disk_usage_limit_percentage
          • data_storage_error_tolerance_time
          • data_storage_warning_tolerance_time
          • dead_socket_detection_timeout
          • debug_sync_timeout
          • default_compress
          • default_compress_func
          • default_row_format
          • devname
          • diag_syslog_per_error_limit
          • dtl_buffer_size
          • enable_asan_for_memory_context
          • enable_async_syslog
          • enable_auto_leader_switch
          • enable_auto_refresh_location_cache
          • enable_cgroup
          • enable_election_group
          • enable_global_freeze_trigger
          • enable_merge_by_turn
          • enable_ob_esi_process
          • enable_perf_event
          • backup_backup_dest
          • enable_record_trace_id
          • enable_record_trace_log
          • enable_rereplication
          • enable_rich_error_msg
          • enable_smooth_leader_switch
          • enable_sql_audit
          • enable_sql_operator_dump
          • enable_sys_table_ddl
          • enable_sys_unit_standalone
          • enable_syslog_wf
          • enable_tcp_keepalive
          • flush_log_at_trx_commit
          • fuse_row_cache_priority
          • gc_wait_archive
          • backup_log_archive_option
          • backup_net_limit
          • obconfig_url
          • observer_id
          • rootservice_async_task_thread_count
          • rootservice_ready_check_interval
          • balancer_emergency_percentage
          • trx_try_wait_lock_timeout
          • clog_cache_priority
          • clog_disk_utilization_threshold
          • arbitration_degradation_policy
          • clog_expire_days
          • clog_sync_time_warn_threshold
          • balancer_timeout_check_interval
          • auto_refresh_location_cache_rate_limit
          • user_tab_col_stat_cache_priority
          • cluster
          • enable_major_freeze
          • enable_rootservice_standalone
        • Tenant-level parameters
          • arbitration_timeout
          • archive_lag_target
          • audit_log_buffer_size
          • audit_log_compression
          • audit_log_enable
          • audit_log_format
          • audit_log_max_size
          • audit_log_path
          • audit_log_prune_seconds
          • audit_log_query_sql
          • audit_log_rotate_on_size
          • audit_log_strategy
          • audit_sys_operations
          • audit_trail
          • backup_data_file_size
          • balancer_idle_time
          • choose_migration_source_policy
          • clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count
          • clog_persistence_compress_func
          • compaction_dag_cnt_limit
          • compaction_high_thread_score
          • compaction_low_thread_score
          • compaction_mid_thread_score
          • compaction_schedule_tablet_batch_cnt
          • compatible
          • connection_control_failed_connections_threshold
          • connection_control_max_connection_delay
          • connection_control_min_connection_delay
          • cpu_quota_concurrency
          • ddl_thread_score
          • default_auto_increment_mode
          • default_enable_extended_rowid
          • default_progressive_merge_num
          • dump_data_dictionary_to_log_interval
          • enable_clog_persistence_compress
          • enable_early_lock_release
          • enable_gts_standalone
          • enable_kv_group_commit
          • enable_kv_ttl
          • enable_lock_priority
          • enable_ls_leader_balance
          • enable_monotonic_weak_read
          • enable_rebalance
          • freeze_trigger_percentage
          • ha_high_thread_score
          • job_queue_processes
          • json_document_max_depth
          • lob_enable_block_cache_threshold
          • major_freeze_duty_time
          • max_partition_num
          • open_cursors
          • plsql_v2_compatibility
          • query_memory_limit_percentage
          • recover_table_concurrency
          • replica_parallel_migration_mode
          • rpc_memory_limit_percentage
          • sts_credential
          • writing_throttling_maximum_duration
          • writing_throttling_trigger_percentage
          • zone_deploy_mode
          • audit_trail
          • backup_data_file_size
          • balancer_idle_time
          • clog_max_unconfirmed_log_count
          • ddl_thread_score
          • enable_ls_leader_balance
          • ha_low_thread_score
          • ha_mid_thread_score
          • io_category_config
          • kv_group_commit_batch_size
          • kv_group_commit_rw_mode
          • kv_transport_compress_func
          • kv_transport_compress_threshold
          • kv_ttl_duty_duration
          • kv_ttl_history_recycle_interval
          • log_archive_concurrency
          • log_disk_throttling_maximum_duration
          • log_disk_throttling_percentage
          • log_disk_utilization_limit_threshold
          • log_disk_utilization_threshold
          • log_restore_concurrency
          • log_storage_compress_all
          • log_storage_compress_func
          • log_transport_compress_all
          • log_transport_compress_func
          • ls_gc_delay_time
          • ls_scale_out_factor
          • major_compact_trigger
          • max_stale_time_for_weak_consistency
          • merger_check_interval
          • minor_compact_trigger
          • ob_compaction_schedule_interval
          • ob_enable_batched_multi_statement
          • ob_proxy_readonly_transaction_routing_policy
          • ob_query_switch_leader_retry_timeout
          • ob_ssl_invited_common_names
          • optimizer_index_cost_adj
          • partition_balance_schedule_interval
          • plsql_code_type
          • plsql_debug
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • px_workers_per_cpu_quota
          • ob_deterministic_udf_cache_max_size
          • query_response_time_flush
          • query_response_time_range_base
          • query_response_time_stats
          • range_optimizer_max_mem_size
          • recover_table_dop
          • sql_work_area
          • standby_db_fetch_log_rpc_timeout
          • standby_db_preferred_upstream_log_region
          • tde_method
          • temporary_file_max_disk_size
          • tenant_sql_login_thread_count
          • tenant_sql_net_thread_count
          • ttl_thread_score
          • undo_retention
          • workarea_size_policy
      • System variables
        • Overview
        • Global variables
          • sql_throttle_priority
          • block_encryption_mode
          • ob_create_table_strict_mode
          • error_on_overlap_time
          • character_set_filesystem
          • range_index_dive_limit
          • identity
          • datadir
          • query_cache_size
          • div_precision_increment
          • debug_sync
          • nls_calendar
          • sql_auto_is_null
          • nls_comp
          • validate_password_number_count
          • explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
          • nls_length_semantics
          • optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines
          • lc_time_names
          • log_row_value_options
          • version
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_low_percentage
          • character_set_connection
          • collation_database
          • performance_schema
          • ob_early_lock_release
          • character_set_database
          • ob_tcp_invited_nodes
          • ob_enable_transmission_checksum
          • ob_global_debug_sync
          • sql_select_limit
          • sql_warnings
          • sql_throttle_current_priority
          • collation_server
          • ob_enable_jit
          • ob_reserved_meta_memory_percentage
          • nls_currency
          • net_read_timeout
          • nls_date_format
          • event_scheduler
          • max_user_connections
          • secure_file_priv
          • sql_safe_updates
          • group_concat_max_len
          • ob_read_consistency
          • ob_enable_truncate_flashback
          • lower_case_table_names
          • sql_quote_show_create
          • ob_security_version
          • sql_throttle_rt
          • ob_trx_timeout
          • transaction_read_only
          • parallel_servers_target
          • net_buffer_length
          • sql_throttle_network
          • activate_all_roles_on_login
          • character_set_results
          • tx_read_only
          • validate_password_mixed_case_count
          • default_password_lifetime
          • nls_territory
          • init_connect
          • nls_characterset
          • optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines
          • runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
          • parallel_degree_policy
          • nls_sort
          • tx_isolation
          • ob_enable_blk_nestedloop_join
          • transaction_isolation
          • ob_query_timeout
          • resource_manager_plan
          • character_set_server
          • cursor_sharing
          • max_sp_recursion_depth
          • ob_route_policy
          • autocommit
          • validate_password_special_char_count
          • ob_sql_work_area_percentage
          • ob_compatibility_mode
          • runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
          • nls_timestamp_format
          • parallel_max_servers
          • innodb_strict_mode
          • validate_password_policy
          • auto_increment_cache_size
          • ob_enable_sql_audit
          • ob_max_read_stale_time
          • ob_enable_pl_cache
          • nls_date_language
          • partition_index_dive_limit
          • nls_numeric_characters
          • nls_timestamp_tz_format
          • validate_password_length
          • character_set_system
          • ob_timestamp_service
          • ob_compatibility_control
          • binlog_row_image
          • nls_iso_currency
          • ob_bnl_join_cache_size
          • ob_default_lob_inrow_threshold
          • ob_enable_plan_cache
          • auto_increment_increment
          • runtime_filter_max_in_num
          • ob_pl_block_timeout
          • nls_nchar_conv_excp
          • max_allowed_packet
          • ob_enable_hash_group_by
          • query_cache_type
          • nls_dual_currency
          • max_connections
          • character_set_client
          • innodb_stats_persistent
          • ob_plan_cache_percentage
          • ob_sql_audit_percentage
          • ob_proxy_global_variables_version
          • collation_connection
          • ob_compatibility_version
          • interactive_timeout
          • ob_enable_trace_log
          • ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown
          • ob_plan_cache_evict_high_percentage
          • ob_trx_idle_timeout
          • license
          • ob_log_level
          • auto_increment_offset
          • sql_mode
          • ob_enable_transformation
          • recyclebin
          • runtime_filter_type
          • server_uuid
          • ob_enable_index_direct_select
          • version_comment
          • read_only
          • ob_trx_lock_timeout
          • foreign_key_checks
          • system_time_zone
          • validate_password_check_user_name
          • wait_timeout
          • nls_nchar_characterset
          • ob_temp_tablespace_size_percentage
          • ob_enable_parameter_anonymous_block
          • cardinality_estimation_model
          • net_write_timeout
          • time_zone
          • connect_timeout
          • plugin_dir
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
          • optimizer_features_enable
          • parallel_degree_limit
          • pid_file
          • port
          • socket
          • cte_max_recursion_depth
          • default_storage_engine
          • automatic_sp_privileges
          • plsql_optimize_level
          • parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
          • regexp_stack_limit
          • regexp_time_limit
          • ob_default_replica_num
        • Session-level variables
          • innodb_strict_mode
          • parallel_min_scan_time_threshold
          • runtime_bloom_filter_max_size
          • cte_max_recursion_depth
          • nls_language
          • nls_calendar
          • last_insert_id
          • optimizer_dynamic_sampling
          • lc_time_names
          • enable_sql_plan_monitor
          • nls_date_format
          • transaction_read_only
          • max_user_connections
          • character_set_client
          • block_encryption_mode
          • ob_org_cluster_id
          • collation_connection
          • ob_trace_info
          • ob_enable_jit
          • autocommit
          • ob_enable_truncate_flashback
          • nls_currency
          • nls_length_semantics
          • nls_dual_currency
          • ob_enable_plan_cache
          • tx_read_only
          • nls_date_language
          • runtime_filter_type
          • ob_enable_show_trace
          • ob_read_consistency
          • runtime_filter_wait_time_ms
          • nls_sort
          • max_allowed_packet
          • cursor_sharing
          • timestamp
          • transaction_isolation
          • collation_server
          • ob_enable_index_direct_select
          • explicit_defaults_for_timestamp
          • net_read_timeout
          • ob_log_level
          • ob_enable_rich_error_msg
          • foreign_key_checks
          • is_result_accurate
          • ob_enable_aggregation_pushdown
          • div_precision_increment
          • runtime_filter_max_in_num
          • nls_comp
          • nls_timestamp_tz_format
          • cardinality_estimation_model
          • ob_enable_parameter_anonymous_block
          • tx_isolation
          • net_buffer_length
          • nls_territory
          • binlog_row_image
          • collation_database
          • ob_enable_transformation
          • error_on_overlap_time
          • ob_last_schema_version
          • ob_query_timeout
          • nls_iso_currency
          • interactive_timeout
          • nls_timestamp_format
          • parallel_degree_limit
          • ob_enable_transmission_checksum
          • nls_nchar_conv_excp
          • ob_temp_tablespace_size_percentage
          • auto_increment_increment
          • auto_increment_offset
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Use numerical functions in queries

Last Updated:2026-04-09 09:38:52  Updated
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Numerical functions
Examples
Use numerical functions in a query

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This topic provides specific examples on how to use numeric functions in queries.

Numerical functions

General numerical functions include the sum function SUM(), average function AVG(), round-up function CEIL(), round-down function FLOOR(), and rounding function ROUND().

Examples

Create a table named toys_order and insert order data.

obclient> CREATE TABLE toys_order (
  order_id     INTEGER,
  toy_id       INTEGER,
  toy_dealer   VARCHAR(20),
  toy_price    DECIMAL(10, 2),
  toy_amount   INTEGER  
);
Query OK, 0 rows affected

obclient> INSERT INTO toys_order VALUES ( 1001,1, 'A',53.12,100 ),( 1002,2, 'A',24.8,190 ),( 1003,3, 'A',19.9,330)
      ,( 1004,1, 'B',53.12,50 ),( 1005,2, 'B',24.8,200 ),( 1006,3, 'B',19.9,350 ),( 1007,2, 'A',24.8,100 );
7 rows in set

Use numerical functions in a query

Use the SUM(), ROUND(), and AVG() functions to query the total sales amount of each type of toy and the average sales amount per order.

obclient> SELECT toy_id
    , SUM(toy_amount)                sum_amount
    , ROUND(avg(toy_amount),4)       avg_amount
    FROM toys_order GROUP BY toy_id  ORDER BY toy_id;
+--------+------------+------------+
| toy_id | sum_amount | avg_amount |
+--------+------------+------------+
|      1 |        150 |     75.000 |
|      2 |        490 |    163.333 |
|      3 |        680 |    340.000 |
+--------+------------+------------+
3 rows in set

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